skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Then why is any corporation or person allowed any involvement with China? Where are the heavy-duty sanctions to punish China and those businesses who interact with it?

You'll hear this big anti-China talk, but no one actually wants to shutdown trade with China. It is too lucrative. It just sounds like a bunch of people complaining about China to distract from domestic problems.
If most C developers wanted to trade the performance they get from the compiler being able to assume `n+1 > n` for signed integer n, it would happen.
Right but $5/month/service is where it starts to add up. Unless you're managing hundreds of users across a bunch of disparate services the value/cost doesn't work out in your favor.
I see this as an argument for a county-by-county approach in which the specific circumstances of the county are taken into account.
I am all for bailing out USPS. But it won't be permanent. They'll have issues again, their very nature of being a government-operated institution guarantees that.

This is not the first time the USPS is in trouble. After the financial Panic of 1837, the USPS almost collapsed. Congress had to step in to help it, and by 1845 they gave USPS complete monopoly, which killed the more efficient and cheaper private mail delivery enterprises. See "America's First Great Depression" by Alasdair Roberts.
Missiles are drones that are not supposed to come back.
Trump halts US funding to WHO for ‘covering up’ Covid-19 pandemic
Not sure if you understood me. Mongolia is the former colonial empire. This script glorifies its heyday of oppressing people all over Asia and the middle east.

But yes, US, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa obviously benefited hugely from colonialism and nobody would want them to revert to stone-age tribal society.
The gmail problem refers to the centralization of email by large central providers like gmail. In theory email is a protocol that anyone you can setup on your own server, but in practice any email you send from there cant be read by anyone, because it will automatically be marked as spam by central providers like gmail/yahoo/outlook (what 99% of email users use).

Protocols like ActivityPub and email are highly susceptible to this, whereas blockchain based protocols like Bitcoin are immune to this problem.
I just watched the video. I'm not sure what outcome is worse than "you need a ventilator, but we are out of all of the safe, high-quality ones, and so you will now suffocate and die". In that circumstance I am certain that very nearly 100% of patients would accept potential barotrauma versus the alternative.
I looked at both. Recent consumer cards have terrible double performance (with exception of Titan series) of course, but the extreme cost of the non-consumer cards offsets their double flop performance to be approximately no better[1] than Epyc 2 per dollar.

[1]EDIT: Tesla v100s are still about 40% lower cost per Gflop than Epyc 7742, but still definitely the same order of magnitude, unlike my expectation.
Is this possible on first gen Ryzen? I have the 1950x, and I don't see any option to deactivate cores in my BIOS.
All of macroeconomics is also what economics doesn't work fine at modelling.

Economists are famously bad at preventing or predicting recessions.
> How do I correctly truncate the string so it doesn't become invalid UTF-8 and won't show any unexpected gibberish when rendered? (E.g., the truncated string doesn't suddenly contain any glyphs or grapheme clusters that weren't in the original string)

Cropping strings is a hard problem for ASCII strings as well. It can even be a security problem if the cropped part contains important information that alters the meaning of the first part (Something like "DELETE FROM table_name [WHERE condition]" or natural language where the cropped part is the condition or the negation).

But even if you dont care about this: If you care about cropping visually nicely, you want some ellipsis at the end, you dont want to crop in the middle of the word (if possible), etc. In the end, you need some nice text processing anyway.

Or you reject strings that are too long.
Give me asciidoctor any day. Markdown just isn't expressive enough to work without relying on a janky network of external tools.
What's right is that the software will be basically unusable outside of the US if it's crashing on non-ASCII characters in paths.

ñ é ß characters appear in every text in Spanish, French, German, etc and they go in filenames too.

Imagine if a table was called a tâble in English? Surely it would be outrageous to have software crash when you try to use the word tâble.
As a CPAP user who needs a new machine, I am now screwed by this. This will, by the time I have a new sleep study, cause all sorts of supply issues.
The weapons and tactics you describe might be possible in a few years but today they're science fiction.
Some missiles even have longer endurance than small drones.
The Most Useful Online Courses You Can Take, According to Reddit
6th-Gen fighter concepts include drone "wingmen" under partial control of fighter pilots in their own fighters. e.g. Japan's I3 Fighter: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/I3_fighter

ed.: and yes, the F-22 and F-35 are 5th generation and decade-old tech. There is unfortunately a lot of lead time on fighter development. I think the F-15 was relatively speedy at 9 years from selection to roll-out (1967 - 76).
No, we don't have solid data on Wuhan. Neither does anyone else outside of China (or so we strongly suspect). The question isn't whether someone has better data than you. The point is that you don't have believable data for Wuhan.
Yes - we have worked with Peter on building the Seshat Databank of world history. His work on modelling long term dynamic processes is great - definitely worth reading any of his stuff.
Plain char is either signed (same representation as signed char) or unsigned (same representation as unsigned char), depending on the implementation.

Yes, there are real-world implementations where plain char is unsigned.
Do you mean yahoo japan? They’re a separate company from Yahoo, and still very profitable and a 11 figure item on their balance sheet.
Calling the "A", instead of "W" functions might be some small perf hit (don't know if it matters), but for some functionality you need to call the "W" functions, for example to break the limit of 256 or was it 260 characters, up to 32768 (or was it 16384).

:)
Protected branches are the gateway to the multi-PR-review requirement, so you'd need the $4 GH Teams.
I think you are asking specifically about the enforcement issues that derive from neighboring populated counties with different policies? Neighboring counties can and should coordinate to address this, possibly choosing to enforce the same policies even if they have different infection rates, as they did for the initial lockdown in the bay area. This doesn't prevent us from using a county-by-county approach in other areas.
"I've long assumed that the basic structure of the universe must be some kind of graph, "

Do you mean this literally, or rather: "the basic structure of the universe CAN BE DESCRIBED by some kind of graph"?
Yeah, I've done some research and decided to go with Sendgrid because they are the only ones that offer API in their free tier. Their free marketing campaign plan offers 2k contacts + 6k emails month which should be plenty to start.
Coreboot does something similar to this. Very early in the boot process the RAM has not yet been initialized and so cannot be used. You need to execute some code to set up the RAM before you can use it. One approach to handling this is to write that initialization code in assembly language and make sure it only uses registers and doesn't touch any memory.

But that's inconvenient. You'd much rather be able to write your code in something like C. Any C code compiled by an ordinary compiler is going to access memory (at least for the stack). Writing and maintaining a custom C compiler for this is a lot of work and still comes with a lot of limitations on the C code that it will accept.

So they set up the cache in a way that it will never try to write its contents out to RAM. Then you can use the output of an ordinary C compiler that uses memory accesses and those accesses will all be served by the cache and never touch RAM. They call this "Cache as RAM".

With some work you could probably boot into DOS like this.

https://www.coreboot.org/data/yhlu/cache_as_ram_lb_09142006....
And the lanes are cheap.

https://www.avadirect.com/Tomcat-HX-S8030-S8030GM2NE-AMD-SoC... this is a $400 standard ATX board with 80 PCIe lanes (+ 16 more via risers). That's the equivalent of 160 3.0 PCIe lanes.
I don't know about that. Search angel.co and you'll find 36 hits for Ruby on Rails/London and 50 for Django/London. Same ratio on Indeed.co.uk/London.
I have a Django application which I wanted to connect to from a ReactJS front end.

However I did not want to lose all the business logic and work that had gone into the views, models, forms and fields along with all the validation and authentication logic etc.

So I wrote some React code that grabs Django's HTML forms and dynamically turns all the HTML fields into React components. To do updates I just submit ordinary form data from React. This means I just create ordinary Django application forms and views and it works from the React app.

There's pros and cons to this approach. The code that does the HTML form to React form logic is more complex than I would like. On the other hand it's all constrained to a fairly tight area of React. Then there is the huge benefit of being able to make zero modifications to the Django back end. On the con side, it does feel like a bit of a frankenstein application. But its a small price to pay for not having to convert entire Django apps into API's.

I actually have lots of mini React apps at the front end that are loaded onto ordinary Django HTML template.
Highly depends on the pool you'd be swimming though. As a Javascript dev, I would not want to be looking for a contract right now...
How do you vote by mail (the most secure way to vote when one cannot vote in person) without the USPS?
I briefly read through the article. As a PhD student in theoretical physics, I can see that some basic ideas of gr and qm can be interpreted out of these graphs. But I’m not convinced why these graphs have to be generated by a single rule. I don’t see any motivation in restricting to a single rule or even procedural generation at all.

It also reminds me of the casual set theory that I heard briefly from a professor a few years ago. I was told that it re-creates vacuum gr just well.
“A torpedo cannot be ‘command-detonated’ as seen in the movie Hunt for Red October.”

Why is this so? The wire controls seem sufficient.
Many biotech startups sell themselves for 8-9 figures before their drugs or therapies reach full market maturity, so that they transfer remaining risks to larger pharma companies. If we quantify the post acquisition capital spend by the big pharma then we can get a picture for what kind of follow on investment market is available.
All right, here's a different example. Loving County, TX, is roughly 50 or 100 people. It has roughly the area of Los Angeles County. "Don't leave your house" is a bit more ridiculous when the next humans are 20 miles away. Sure, maybe don't go visit them... but stay at home? Why?
> how long our current short sighted computing culture overall can last.

Well, we can keep adding new programming languages and keep "extending" javascript (borrowing every single good and a bad idea from those new languages) for a very long time. Today the demand requires narrow-focused specialists with a median tenure in a company of 2.5 years. They don't even want "front-end" or "back-end" engineers anymore, they want "React", "Angular", "Flutter", "GraphQL", "Kotlin", "Swift", "Golang" etc. engineers.

Not too many companies see value in generalists. Those who can look at the domain and design business logic, funneling data from back to front, to mobile apps and back to the API. And it's not so simple anymore. Everything is getting unnecessarily complicated.
It's not a matter of talent. It's a matter of language. Shakespeare and Twain couldn't write their books in latin because their writings are tied with the language itself not to mention the culture with the language helped to define.

So they might have written great latin literature, but we'd still lose out on great english language literature.

It's stilly to say we should get rid of spanish, german, russian, etc literature since we'd still have great english literature. Nobody in their right mind would say that. Just because if everyone spoke latin and we'd have great latin literature doesn't mean that we don't lose anything. We'd lose english literature.
I've always wondered why there's a guy in the plane at all at this point. Doesn't it severely limit the maneuverability of the aircraft to have a liquid-fueled brain piloting it around rather than some remotely controlled semi-autonomous solid-state electronics?
One of the things that has deterred me from SageMaker is how expensive it can be for a side project. Real-time endpoints start at $40-$50 per month, which would be a bit too much for a low-budget project on the side. I love the idea of using an open-source alternative, but I noticed that all of the systems combined for Cortex would be a bit more expensive. Do you have any tips on how to keep a model deployed cheaply for a side project using Cortex? Id be fine with a little bit of latency on the first request, similar to how Heroku's free dynos work.
It's a bit dated (it hasn't been updated since 2005), but apart from that I'll say that parts of it are excellent.

In particular, section 6 is the best resource I know of for explaining the often counterintuitive relationship between arrays and pointers.
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I remember that the various is* man pages noted that most of them are only defined if isascii() is true. So I always used e.g. (isascii(x) && ispunct())

FWIW, just looked at the man page (macos) and iswdigit() and isnumber() are mentioned.
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I've already subscribed to your project, I like your idea quite a bit. I have some other plans in the pipeline lets see how this one goes first.
It seems that video game APIs require lots of investment, and Valve has worked on their version of Wine and other stuff which is quite successful at running Windows games on Linux, so you've got that option - giving your money to Valve through Steam. Or you can also get a console.
I bought a CPAP off an Amazon seller here in Canada a few years back. I have a large neck and would wake up gasping for air in the night. It was going to be several months to get the sleep study so one day I impulse bought it. First night I slept 8 hours, couldn't remember the last time I did that. Best $600 I ever spent.
I don't mean this to be a gotcha, but society has a lot of hidden complexity. Rigid prescriptive proposals like this are unlikely to be good ideas, which is why governments haven't been presenting them.

In this particular case, the plan is great for personal life but is clearly infeasible economically. You can't just toggle a factory on and off every 2 weeks; it depends on supply chains extending weeks into the past and feeds into chains extending weeks into the future. Any complex business which is turned off in the 2 week breaks isn't going to be sustainable in the other 2 weeks.
Could this not have waited a few months? In the middle of an pandemic, to cut off funding to the only organization that is coordinating the global response is just crazy. The pettiness of this administration seems to know no bounds. Even if we accept that WHO screwed up in their early response and yeah they could be critical of China, cutting funding is wildly disproportionate reaction.

China will offcourse make up the difference, and appropriately gain more influence. As it rightly should.
This is a very naive view of how C works in reality. Take this example:

if(a == NULL)
log_error_and_exit();
*a = 0;

Compilers, have been known to silently remove the NULL check in code like this. Does that seem clear to you? Is this your definition of compilers delivering for you? NULL checks dont just get removed in cases where you NULL check the same value multiple times, they get removed for some very non obvious reasons.

This is why the Linux kernel now needs to be built with the compiler option -fdelete-null-pointer-checks

Compilers need to start communicating what they are doing, and I think the C spec should encourage that.
If the the only difference between company X’s CPAP machine and company X’s BiPAP machine is purely software, shouldn’t we just pay and/or force them to unlock the features via update?
> Five-eyes exploiting infra and pressuring service providers to share info is not as germane to the discussion as the likelihood of the CPC interfering in software that can be argued to be well under their control.

> Distrusting Google for their cooperation with government spying in no way precludes avoiding or criticizing Riot's software choices due to the risk and known behaviors of China's government.

Right, so you're saying here that Five Eyes' ability to hack infra isn't comparable to CPC's ability to put backdoors in software? I.e. that while you acknowledge that infra might be compromised, in terms of a collection of bits executing on your computer you trust that software generated by a US company isn't compromised (or is less likely or whatever) compared to software generated by a Chinese company?
> Agreed. The only place where software that the OP wants to create can reside is in the hobbyist community or free, open source community. In the real world this isn’t cost effective or viable.

You're talking about a world though where only large enterprises are served well by tailored software. Malleable systems don't make sense in large enterprises and global-scale solutions

But what about all the spaces currently underserved by current "best practices"? Smaller organizations, closer to the ground, where things are inherently less scalable.

Think of all the places it makes sense to use WordPress, but where information/workflow tools being having a website are needed
Yeah, I just see BitBucket as a value-add to sell Jira and Confluence licenses. Some people really like having all that stuff integrated.

Our team doesn't really see the value when it's just fine to have links to PRs or commit hashes but hey, to each their own.
What parts of bitfields are implementation defined?
> which include writing the argument parser in Bash, seem orthogonal to the plaintext-to-PDF process?

You are on-point. For people unfamiliar with bash, the explanatory steps provide an idea of what the scripts do, the rationale for crafting them that way, and how to modify them.

Feel free to skip over the bash-bits and download all the code. A few of the posts have a download section that you can jump to (#download) to grab a copy of the completed scripts in a zip file. Once you've extracted the scripts, you can start using them and follow along with the remainder of the steps that interest you.

The scripts form part of a continuous development process. The scripts regenerate the PDF whenever a source file changes.

It sounds like from the Style section of Part 4 and onward (https://dave.autonoma.ca/blog/2019/06/23/typesetting-markdow...) you may find more helpful, possibly even starting at Part 5.

Thank you for the feedback! Drop me an email if you'd care to share your pain points at greater lengths.
Ask HN: Cryptography Books / Articles / Videos for Developers
What is your go to books / articles / videos for learning about cryptography best practices? Not how the ciphers are implemented, but how to use cryptography correctly for various scenarios.
Git worktrees and pyenv: developing Python libraries faster
Well.

The Vietnamese pilots were using Soviet tactics, mainly Ground Control vectors.

Most Vietnamese pilots were rookies, but they did have some aces who would dogfight, like Colonel Toon, who was shot down by Randy Cunningham:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duke_Cunningham

But largely the tactics were to surprise the Americans with first MiG-17's, then have a MiG-21 at high speed do an ambush pass from the clouds through lower-flying Americans.

The Vietnamese could have done a lot more damage had they known how worthless the US air-air missiles were at the time. There were all kinds of problems with taking too long to arm (around 4 seconds) and vibration from takeoffs and landings inerting the missiles. And that no gun thing.

Additionally, US pilots were expected to have up to a dozen radio channels active, causing pilot workload problems until they turned off like 11 of them.
What should happen if you reassign the object?
This proposal is very difficult to implement because it will cause ABI breakage due to the way the isdigit() macro (and its friends) expose the representation of the ctype internals
Theres a load of documentation, videos and examples, both on github maintained by xilinx as well as on xilinx.com. For example: https://www.xilinx.com/support/university.html and linked from there is a complete course in getting started with all materials, slides and docs : https://www.xilinx.com/support/university/vivado/vivado-work...
Some people seem to see history through a lens of white-man-bad and noble savages. As you showed, it's not nearly that simple.
Never occurred to me that torpedoes can be battery powered. Any idea what kind of cells they have?

I got confused by the dual units here:

> 65cm torpedoes have enough fuel to travel in excess of 100 kilometers at 50 knots for just over an hour.

Turns out 1 knot/hr is nearly 2km/h so that checks out. Weird nautical units.
I don't get it. These affiliate programs act like Amazon's sales team. Cutting 8% to 3% is a big cut. It reduces affiliate incentive to push Amazon products. It may also lead to lower quality websites. Amazon is cutting the hand that feeds it. It should be the other way around - they should increase affliate commission to incentivize more rigorous sales efforts.
Sure, but theres a vast space between the C and C++ approaches. You don't have to say yes to everything to say yes to a few things. I would suggest that better arrays are an example of something that pretty much everybody wants.
They are fixed, but part 8 isn't supposed to be online yet. Shh.
I think you may mean it may have been influenced by the Phags-Pa script [1] (which was influenced by Tibetan, but quite different). Which was invented by a Tibetan and used during the Yuan dynasty.

1 - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CA%BCPhags-pa_script
Misreads of much less than that have been exploitable in the past.
C currently replaces my use of an array with a pointer. This sucks, because I'd have taken the address if I wanted that.

Your proposal replaces my use of an array with two things, a pointer (as before) and a length. This is not too helpful, because I already could have done that if I'd wanted to.

What is missing is the ability to pass an array. Sometimes I want to toss a few megabytes on the stack. Don't stop me. I should be able to do that. The called function then has a copy of the original array that it can modify without mangling the original array in the caller.
Coronavirus Survivors Hope for Immunity – The Reality Is More Complicated
Even before, but moreso after this and the current economic climate, Gitlab is not going public.

Even GitHub was never in a position to go public, that seems to be mere postering to drive valuation or attract M&A offers.
> which is just print debugging automatically for every line of your program

Like... a REPL?