skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
PetrisP's answer covered a lot of your question, but there are some additional considerations, even for English.

Let's say you decide to grab all of those TV broadcasts and use them as training data (we'll ignore the fact that very little speech is as clean as the speech in TV broadcasts).

Every mistake that occurs in the transcriptions you're using for training data represents the potential for mistraining your model when you perform a forced alignment [0]. Since most forced alignment tools perform a feature transformation step to increase how discriminative the phones are in feature space (ie how different they are from each other) and a step to reduce the number of dimensions, small errors in the transcriptions can result in huge differences in decoder behavior. Now factor in that your lexicon (the set of pronunciations you're using to map the orthographic transcriptions onto the possible phoneme strings that the speaker could have actually said) is almost certainly incomplete and very likely doesn't include nearly enough pronunciations for speakers with non-standard dialects or speakers with accents. Plus there are all sorts of typos in the original transcriptions; this often means that you need to run g2p to generate shitty pronunciations for words that actually don't exist, adding further errors into your model.

Suddenly, you start thinking that all these decoder problems you're seeing are problems with the training data as it currently exists and the only solution is to do a phonetic transcription of the training data! You can still get that done, but since you've realized some of the blame lies with your lexicon you can't just dump the videos onto Mechanical Turk and have random people do them: you now need to get people that are familiar with phonetic transcription. And you decide that since even experts mess up a fair amount when transcribing speech, you're going to get 2 people to transcribe everything and throw away everything where they disagree. You aren't Google, so your training budget isn't that big. For each hour of speech you're spending 2 expert man hours and still throwing away 6 minutes and you need 10K+ hours of data at the bare minimum! And looking at the literature, it looks to you like there is a near linear correlation between who has the most data and who has the models that perform the best!

So that's why people end up claiming that a fundamental problem with building out ASR is a lack of training data: because getting it and making it usable is very expensive, and because having lots of good training data let's you avoid addressing other difficult issues in ASR.

[0] http://www1.icsi.berkeley.edu/Speech/faq/forcedalign.html
I think that was a third party project, maybe even a kickstarter thing...

IIRC Nintendo gave their reason for not enabling it by default as not wanting to interfere with the controllers.
Works fine if you set up an alternate appearance in FaceID settings.
I don't understand why Carta or Opendoor should be affected by Coronavirus.

Carta: Offering stock options to your employees does not seem to be something short term enough that 2-3 months of slowed business cycle would impact sales.

Opendoor: Anecdotally, I know of multiple people who have sold houses above listing in my market, others buying at or above market, and realtors doing tours (both virtually and in person). And 35% is a drastic cut.

One theory is that this is reducing operating expenses to not have to raise funds this year.
Dividing state organs into those particular three "branches of government" is, as far as I can tell, specific to US culture. Other countries divide things up in different ways.

Most modern democracies do have an elected legislature, a legal system, an executive authority (whether it be an elected president or a parliamentary-style cabinet), and a career civil service (i.e., what in the US would just be called non-political-appointees in the Executive Branch), but the terms they use for these can differ, as can the exact nature of the separation of powers between them.
Fired - removed from your position "for cause" - can be performance, breaking company policy etc.

Laid off - company's business situation has changed and does not require your services anymore - no fault of yours.
It's "irrational" to oppose an idea just because it comes from someone you despise. It's not like this is coming from the National Enquirer--he has access to some of the brightest minds in the world.

The efficacy picture on these drugs is quite confusing, and it's not out of the question that they will turn out to be crucially useful. Giving up on them without further investigation doesn't seem wise at this point.

Beyond that, sometimes being a leader means giving people hope, even if that might involve shading things. Trump may not be an Adama, but I do think he's pretty good at making people feel better, or at least distracting them from their troubles. And right now, that probably is saving lives.
They're two different things.

The SE is the previous iPhone design. Before that happened to be the iPhone 5/S, now it's the iPhone 6/7/8 design. There are likely a lot of people with iPhone 6, 6S, and 7 that might upgrade but don't want to spend $700+ and lose the home button.

I don't think the SE was targeted at small phone lovers, it just happened to be that since that's the manufacturing and design they had already created for the 5 and 5S.

Rumor is that the iPhone 12 this fall will include a smaller 5.4" model. This would actually be smaller than the 4.7" SE given that the screen goes to the edges. That's likely the "premium small phone" replacement, not this new 4.7" SE.

https://imgix.bustle.com/inverse/17/df/7b/88/27fe/4afe/aff4/...
> The only problem with the headphone jack is that it is a very old standard. It's big connector, and takes significant real state inside a phone.

The 2020 iPhone SE is much bigger than the 2016 iPhone SE and almost 50 % heavier. This argument seems invalid to me.
A bright red phone is attention grabbing, like a loud motorcycle or crazy hair. You can claim that because one person might just like having a red phone, that everyone who has it just likes red phones but the association with and marketing around Product Red all point to the red colored phone being a form of signaling.
This is not accurate. Getting fired versus laid-off are different; it's important to understand this. For one, if you're communicating with a professional and express that you were fired, they will make much different assumptions than if you were laid-off. Second, the distinction can affect your eligibility for employment insurance (or 'unemployment').
A (non-specialist) idea of architecture :

- If you are more than X minutes at less than 2 meters of someone, you get a unique address from this person (like for any blockchain transaction), stored in your smartphone.

- If your are infected (after validation by a doctor?), you just send the info (like a normal transaction) to all the relevant "unique addresses" stored in your phone

- Using existing blockchain (and a modified version of their open source wallet) to do these simple transaction, with existing coin (eg. using OP-RETURN) or by creating a specific token. Monero would be interesting (obscures sender and recipient) for the privacy side. Less private, but I like Komodo too...

Nothing stored in the blockchain. No smart contract, no gas cost, nothing complex, using existing tech and open source code...
(facepalm)
Yes, thank you, that's exactly what I meant. Left to confirm the title and link, got distracted, too late to edit.

HPBN is great!
I don't know how big Cloudflare's management layer is, but I'm assuming it's relatively small (maybe dozens of racks at most), hosted in some sort of datacenter (Equinix, Digital Realty, Coresite, etc) that provides the remote hands.

Maybe some piece of core network equipment.

A small colo may have a single pair of routers, switches, or firewalls at its edge. If one had failed for some reason, and the remote hands removed the wrong one, it is possible you could knock the entire colo offline.

There's a bunch of other possible components: Storage platforms, power, maybe something like an HSM storing secrets, or even just a key database server.

Their failover to their backup facility may be impaired by the fact that well, their management plane is down. They probably rely on their own services. Avoiding chicken-and-egg issues can require careful ahead-of-time planning.
From your link:

>"During planned maintenance remote hands decommissioned some equipment that they shouldn’t have. We’re failing over to a backup facility and working to get the equipment back online."

Some questions:

When the gear was first powered off why wasn't it just powered back up again as soon as the on-call person's phone started blowing up? Why does this require a "failover" to another datacenter?

Why are remote hands decommissioning Cloudflare's gear in the first place? Isn't this supposed to be a security focused company? For context "remote hands" is the term for people that work for the colocation facility such as Eqiunix, Telehouse, etc. They are not employees of the tenant(Cloudflare.) Remote-hands are great resources for things like checking a cable or running new cross connects etc but certainly not decommissioning gear without some form of tenant supervision.

Why is this a single point of failure?
I don't understand. Is that something from Curb Your Enthusiasm?
Toxicity is relative. I came across one mention that said it's 40% less cytotoxic. Overall, both drugs are supposed to be relatively safe at careful dosing levels, but both have significant risk if the dosing is just a little bit too high, and a therapeutic index for covid-19 has yet to be determined. Near as I can tell from a quick lit review, there's risk of blindness and also renal failure if renal systems are already weakened. Liver toxicity can also (but rarely) be a problem-- however, the cocktail proposed using antibiotics makes that more problematic, as antibiotics can also adversely impact liver function. Considering both liver risks are small at careful dosing, that may not be an issue if the risk is additive, but if it's potentiating then there's a real problem and we really need to understand if there are more at-risk people for those issues that will die from the cocktail than will die from covid-19 complications.

This is why the larger scale trials are necessary, and doctors should be extremely cautious in using any of these drugs unless the covid-19 trajectory looks to be trending towards death anyway. Outside of studies, they should probably not be prescribed for low or medium severity cases.

*Foot note: I'm not a doctor or medical professional. I'm well informed on these matters, but a little knowledge is dangerous. Take the above in that context.
As a counterpoint, I saw a lot of people supporting the idea (with similar anecdotes) that there was a huge outbreak in California in December before we were even testing for COVID at all. Which was empirically demonstrated to be untrue by the later Seattle Flu Study testing of the viral genome.

That said, it's a whole lot more likely that you're right than the December-California-epidemic folks, just saying that that type of anecdotal evidence is fairly easy to come by in the winter.
What's a great online course for founders to learn project management skills?
I want to step up my project management game and therefore look for an online course. I've tried a course from Coursera (Uni of Virginia) and it was not very useful - too much theory and way too academic. I'm looking for something hands-on, ideally taught by someone with real-world experience from the startup world.

Thanks for your help!
We don't even know if eggs and butter are "good for you" so I'm not surprised we know jack squat about HCQ beyond anecdotal evidence, which most studies you will find in the press seem to either ignore, or set their studies up s.t. they fail. In particular, per anecdotal evidence HCQ+Zpak+Zinc is the most effective combination, and only if given at the onset of symptoms. Yet routinely we see either just HQ or HCQ alone, or HCQ (with or without Zpak) given to patients that are so far gone it's unlikely to make any difference. Just read the original study fer chrissakes, it's publicly accessible. Sure it's not "randomized" or "principled", but at the very least _try_ what Raoult did in the first place, maybe? Exactly as he did it?
Not ergonomically if you have an average hand size.
Alot of people touting this stuff dismiss or are in denial about their own condition.

I have a friend yakking about this topic and dismissing things like "pre-existing circulatory problems". This particular individual has had high blood pressure since we were in high school, is overweight, pre-diabetic and has some other problems. It doesn't dawn upon him that he is in the bullseye of people who are high risk for both the disease and the experimental, potential treatment option.
One of my all-time favorite satirical articles from the onion: https://www.theonion.com/even-ceo-cant-figure-out-how-radios...

I wish either one of its ex-ceos was like that in real life. But an ER doctor is pretty cool as well.
In any business, when demand shrinks, the business has to also shrink. I don't understand the need to have 6 day/week delivery in modern times when there has been such a huge decline if mail volume. It seems to me they should have cut this down to 3 days a week, then 2, and I don't even think 1 day/week would be unreasonable for 1st class mail. But maybe that doesn't work logistically because they still have to store the mail they're not delivering (even though there isn't much of it).

Doing the package deliveries - I dunno. It seems like if there was a demand for this service, more competition would have sprung up for FedEx and UPS without the USPS needing to get involved. Then again, maybe the USPS is helping to keep shipping rates down. Hard to say what prices would be if the USPS hadn't gotten involved in package shipping, overnight delivery, etc.
QE "works" because it keeps wealthy investors wealthy, and they're the ones funding campaigns and hiring people like Bernanke after they retire from government.

It works for the people making the decisions, and the people funding them, so you bet it's going to continue happening even if it means the American standard of living will continue to drop.
yep, thanks, see my res to peer comment
Given current information, Occam's razor cuts the other way. Unless perhaps that person had another known significant contact.
When I’m feeling particularly pessimistic yes. More as a statement than real protection though. Gait analysis has all screwed anyways, but there is value in requiring more expensive systems to be tracked. Delay the inevitable.

See https://cvdazzle.com/
> the preexisting, running total of human suffering and tragedy in this world points to the fact that transcendent reality, the realm of God or a God, must have an alternative interpretation for human events

You're begging the question. It doesn't point to that at all.

Furthermore, I'd feel terrible accepting that "fact" if I were faithful. It would reduce my faith to that in a demiurge who can't (ergo impotent) or won't (ergo ignorant or malicious) build/maintain a reality that (1) makes sense in the enclosing context and (2) doesn't require the depth of horror and pain for its components/participants that this one does.
It is not plausible they caught most cases.

Here's the result of randomized testing in Iceland, which also has the virus under control and has done even more testing per capita (https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2006100?query=fe...)

Randomized testing was still finding 0.6% of the population (outside those otherwise quarantined already) actively infected. This means even in Iceland, less than half of infections were being caught.

Iceland's CFR right now is 0.74% using deaths/recovered (or if you use an ultimate 20% hospitalization fatality rate, around 0.87%). If they missed half of infections, you get an IFR down to under 0.5%, though I'll admit they are doing better by keeping their most vulnerable population from being infected. (note the low infection rate for people 70+ at https://www.covid.is/data).

So no, not an order of magnitude lower, but 3x lower (0.7%) is looking pretty reasonable. Imperial College's latest estimate is 0.66% for China (https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.03.09.20033357v...).
This published scientific article shows you why the CFR in Italy is so high -- and why it doesn't apply to the general population: http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2763667

Takeaways: Old population, Pre-existing conditions, Skewed testing
I didn’t. I kept syntax highlighting on. And it was still fine.
Wow, nice article! Bookmarked.
I appreciate you trying to make more content beyond the usual intro content more accessible, but if you really are trying to share things in an accessible manner, you probably need to lose the "Get used to it" attitude that you wrote in your first post and actually think about who exactly your audience is and try to tailor your content to the audience you are targeting.

As a practitioner, I would prefer a very different structure to what you have, because there is a whole lot of math, my first question is: why should I care? I had a look over the experiment section, which gives me some sense that this might be less sensitive to the learning rate, but otherwise no real reason to keep reading.

Try to get somebody who you think this is for to read the content because otherwise you're going to write a bunch of things that make sense to you and your peers but are less useful for those with less background.

It's a lot of effort to write things well for beginners, by definition they can't fill in the gaps of what you wrote with knowledge; I don't know what H(x) here is; is it the Hessian? That doesn't seem right, but I have no other real guesses. I also don't know Fermat's principle or the Sherman-Morrison matrix inversion formula.
Bank of America posts 45% decline in Q1 profit, braces for big loan losses
COVID-19 kills anywhere between 0.7-4% of the people it infects. (Some countries like Italy saw a much higher mortality rate, nearing 15% in Italy, I believe, but that was due to the breakdown of the overwhelmed health services).

How would one even tell if any of the chloroquinine derivatives have been effective without a systematic study when 96 out of 100 people (at worst) would have recovered anyways? That's another thing that makes the 20 person French study which kicked off all this so much more ridiculous.

There was a 44% chance that they would have all recovered without any intervention. But it was probably higher for this group since they did have intervention, and they clearly had a high level of medical assistance.
Looks clean. Wonder if that means the array of sensors needed for AR/Face id is still that expensive to make that they can't add it to their $400 phone. You'd think that by now after having multiple gens of flagship phones using it cost would be low...
> I did notice that. There were articles and some research before and everyone seemed interested and noticed as soon as he mentioned it the majority opinion almost immediately switched to "it's dangerous", "let's avoid it", "it probably won't work" while all the other alternatives seem to be still "interesting" and "worth studying" etc.

The fact that a politician is pushing an (yet) unproven drug has to be viewed with skepticism. The flip side is that it caused a cascade of reactions from other governments trying to control the drug's supply. They may have reasoned that a world leader has information they do not. And other governments (see this article) started pushing it as a treatment too.

Additionally, now people are pushing the drug as a political issue. By people, I mean the average joe. This is damaging.

Regardless, science is doing its thing. Trials are ongoing, as this article shows. But politicians should refrain from making baseless statements about subjects they know zero about.
Best Wireless Battery Pack
Even if I were inclined to believe such statements without a link, this doesn’t make any sense.

For Google searches to spike, information about the disease would need to be public knowledge. And at that point, you wouldn’t need Google search traffic to prove anything.

Also: Google is blocked in China, isn’t it?
It's different based on how you view income.

Many conservatives view income as "earned" and then taxes as appropriation ("taken away"). Under such a perspective it is only a return of what was originally theirs in the first place.

This country is run on deficits/debt so 1.7M less from rich people is not marginally 1.7M less to poor people.
Just wait till the stories of imbibing hydrogen peroxide start coming in! /s
hey Dan, it sounds a very cool idea. I might give it a try.
This could reduce/minimize bikeshedding too.
Just out of curiosity, How are you leveling your LOGAF on PRs per comment/suggestion? Emojis, Writing the LOGAF level as part of the comment?
Thanks :)
Ask HN: How does JustGiving keep the page up
So Captain Tom is the talking point at the moment (we all needed some good news, right). I was wondering if JustGiving has to do anything special to keep the servers going or are they already prepared for situations like this. https://www.justgiving.com/fundraising/tomswalkforthenhs
Sorry, but I think that's nonsense. I have an iPhone 11 and charge it completely wirelessly and even you're admitting that you haven't needed to plug something in for over a month. Your complaint requires you to willingly ignore the other options you have for accomplishing this, some of which may actually be easier/smoother if switching from device to device.

Your comment is such a first-world response.
Remdesivir is very difficult and expensive to synthesize, and it’s patented by Gilead. HCQ is dirt cheap and generic. Of course we should be testing anything that shows enough promise and has a well understood safety profile, but it’s obvious why the cheap generic drug working would be better.
New 144 MHz Transatlantic Record Reported
Paying taxes and tax deductions are economically equivalent.
I think that UNESCO members maintain their own lists of cultural heritage, and then they can also nominate some of those to be on the UNESCO international lists.

The linked article from the linked article says

> The Ministry of Education and Culture has inscribed 12 new elements on the National Inventory of Living Heritage. The National Inventory, which adheres to UNESCO’s Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage, currently comprises a total of 64 elements. The Finnish Heritage Agency is responsible for the implementation of the Convention in Finland.

So I think the idea is that under this treaty, each country does have its own lists, which are maintained following rules and principles created by UNESCO, but where the content doesn't have to be approved by other member states.

What I saw elsewhere in this thread is that Finland is currently nominating sauna culture to be added to the international list at the December UNESCO meeting. But I think that requires a consensus of other countries, where these twelve additions (including the demoscene) don't -- the Finnish government concluded on its own that they meet UNESCO's criteria for being significant enough in Finland to be publicly recognized and protected.
Wow, I did not realize this was done through `msconfig` on Windows. Thank you very much for the links.
Yeah, that seems pretty scummy to be. I was under the impression that "NAS" drives were objectively better than "Desktop" drives.

The clerk at the computer shop tried to upsell me on the NAS drives, chortled when I said "the "I" in RAID stands for "Inexpensive" and told me that I would regret my purchase.

It seems to me that my cheapness inadvertently paid off?
I think 'audio drama' has become a popular name.
I like Step 0 of Paul Romer's proposal: "Stop testing people with symptoms. Presume positive and isolate."

https://twitter.com/paulmromer/status/1248712889705410560