skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Fastmail also supports subdomain aliasing (where messages sent to <anything>©<username>.<domain> go to the <username>©<domain> inbox). This is less obvious to mass emailers that GMail + aliasing, and I don't think it can be detected alogrithmically in the way a + in the username on gmail.com can.

I normally sign up for services with an email that attests to the account's original intent, e.g. I buy cat food using chewy.com@<username>.<domain>.
I clearly phrased this badly. I will be as precise as possible. Note that I've read about half of Why We Sleep, a year ago or so, before giving up because parts of it were such cult-like "I am going to write about how wonderful sleep is without actually paying any attention to the content of what I am writing"; I simply couldn't stand the nonsense evo-psych "explanations" every couple of pages. I'm aware that you don't get to be one of the top sleep scientists in the world without being capable of competent thought, but that book did not provide evidence of this fact. I also strongly believe that playing around with the amount of sleep you get each night is one of the highest-value experiments it's possible to do, because the cost of sleep is so enormously high and because its benefits are so high up to a point (and the graph of benefit against time varies from person to person).

The comment to which I replied, in part: "Do any of these errors reverse that information? Is sleep actually harmful?… If not, then what's the point [of arguing about whether Why We Sleep contains errors]?"

I interpret this comment as: "Why We Sleep may contain errors, but I don't care; sleep is obviously good for you. I know how much sleep is necessary for me, and am capable of ignoring whatever Why We Sleep says on the matter of how much is required."

My response is that we should care that Why We Sleep contains errors. People are going to read that book and use it to determine how much sleep they need, whether or not the parent commenter has done. The fact that Why We Sleep contains errors obviously doesn't mean we should get less sleep - the greatest idiot on Earth may say that it's raining, but that doesn't mean it's sunny outside - but it should make you at least a little sceptical of its arguments that you should get more sleep, because that sleep comes at a massive cost.

Suppose for the sake of argument it is the case that I require seven hours of sleep a night, and the additional eighth hour confers little additional benefit (or even confers harm - it doesn't matter to my argument). Suppose I habitually sleep seven hours, but then I read Why We Sleep and am terrified into sleeping eight hours a night. Now I am spending a full 1/24th of my life - about 4.1% of it - on extra sleep that is doing very little for me except robbing me of consciousness.

Perhaps it is the case that for you in particular, there is enough benefit from that eighth hour of sleep to outweigh the cost (and I assert that it's definitely worth everyone individually doing this little experiment on themselves, because people differ)! Perhaps it is the case that for most people, there is enough benefit - but we don't know, and we can't know simply from Why We Sleep, because it contains errors.

(The first part of the comment to which I replied was "The general message and key takeaway I got from the book was that sleep affects your health in various ways and getting a sufficient amount of higher quality sleep is better than not doing so." This is undoubtedly true: so obviously true, in fact, that there is no need for anyone to read a book to learn it.)
I don't think ill-chosen. In their eyes, they are wizards.
> Bill Gate's ID 2020 program is a underskin implant that holds a vaccine record that he is proposing that all will have to get to do just about anything in the future.

This is complete and utter nonsense. It is a fantasy made up by conspiracy theorists.
Yes, they do that. It would be consistent with the results seen:

Treatment with ACE-inhibitors is associated with less severe disease with SARS-Covid-19 infection in a multi-site UK acute Hospital Trust
https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.04.07.20056788v...
> 30 years

Well, microcircuits are also subject to physical constraints that have been around for almost 14 billion years...
Even right now the markets are crazy. The Economy is holed up but market is rising ? Because of the feds stimulation, may be?

Timing the market is a fools errand. It’s not about what happening in the world, it’s happening in other people’s mind when they decide to buy or sell.

Sure the trader lost 30% of his net worth, many people are losing their lives and jobs. Many more are about to lose their homes.

Just putting things in perspective. I’m just grateful I work in Tech. I have some funds saved up to ride this out for a couple of months.
> Whereas the New York City subways continue to run, and California thinks weed sales are an essential business.

If the model is no good then it might make sense to come up with alternative models and compare predictions. Instead of doing so this piece is mostly snark that is at least as unrealistic as the assumptions the model being criticized.

Shutting down the NYC subway system would likely cause serious problems for essential workers who still need to get around. Cannabis users in California include people who experience seizures without it and the result of shutting down the legal trade would without doubt be a resurgence of the illegal trade which has many downsides not least of which being likely increased spread of CoV2.
If a democracy wants authoritarianism Nationalist Party then there is no magic mechanism to stop this, and it might be presumptive to even assume that democracy is most morally harmonious and effective configuration of society. I believe China is seriously contending this assumption, as it races ahead of its Asian and European neighbors with respect to economic optimism.

Also, political parties appear part and parcel with democracy, but that part of the discussion is so often left unloved.
PowerShell should raise the bar for lowest common denominator of scripting on Windows systems. I've dabbled a bit it, but I was disappointed it was so tightly coupled (possibly by necessity?) with the .NET runtime version. This makes it much more difficult to update on old systems. I had to write PowerShell in the oldest compatible version. It's almost like dealing with JavaScript implementations of all versions if IE. Other scripting langues like Python provides user-space virtual environments with forward/backward compatibility. Does PowerShell have a universally available package manager (ie. Windows Update)? I don't spend much time in the Windows world. But, the friction of using PowerShell was higher than my tolerance.
> All password authentication will return a status code of 401...

I’ve always found it strange that an HTTP 401 is used to indicate two very different server-side states:

• “this resource requires authentication, and you didn’t attempt authentication”

• “as an early step in the request flow, you tried to authenticate yourself—but your authentication failed (due to e.g. having an unrecognized username; or using the wrong authentication method; or, of course, having the wrong password)”

I mean, I get it; in the end, after trying and failing to authenticate, the request-processing continues (with the “auth” field in the server’s model of the request state being nil, just like it would be if you hadn’t attempted auth); and the request you’re making at that point is still an attempt to request an authentication-required resource. You’re “not authenticated” at that point, so 401 it is.

But it really seems like auth processing should have its own “off ramp” in the HTTP request-processing lifecycle—i.e. if you ask for auth, and auth fails, you get a code and the request isn’t processed any further, so it doesn’t matter that the request you made is auth-required.

(After all, we mentally model HTTP resources, fundamentally, as URLs; and URLs put the auth stuff in the origin part, not in the request sent to the origin part. I would naively expect that an auth failure would resolve at the same stage as an unrecognized Host name!)

When you’re coding an HTTP client, it’s very hard to debug a corrupt Authorization header, because all you know, when you have anything even slightly wrong, is that the server is pretending it didn’t see it!

-----

And yeah, I know, in practice, why this isn’t the way things are. Historically, one of the first uses of the Authorization header was through Apache’s mod_auth_basic, which refers to an .htpasswd file in a directory to determine the set of valid auth credentials for all resources descending from that directory. In this model, auth is resource-specific, rather than server-specific; so it makes sense that, if you’re sending auth, and auth is unrecognized, but the specific resource you’re authing against turns out to not require auth, then the server can proceed just fine without sending you a 401.

However, I don’t think there’s any modern use-case where auth is resource-specific like that. HTTP auth “realms” are almost always per-origin these days. It makes a lot more sense to think of auth as something happening at the level of an implicit HTTP gateway between the client and the server ultimately sending the resource, where the gateway can know what server (realm) the client wants to route to—and so can auth the client on that basis, and deny the request if that auth fails—but the gateway can’t know anything about what the auth requirement policies are for individual resources on the backend it’s sitting in front of.
Same, unless you are on windows only, ps has no benefit.

The selling point of ps is the piping of objects. Mac and linux api don't output those.
A drive in movie is a great social experience unlike going to a normal theater. You can prepare a full fancy dinner to eat while watching. Then since you are using your car audio you get to set the volume. And if you want to discuss something you won't be interrupting anyone else. So, while it may not be an experience that idolizes technical achievements I find the drive in a fulfilling experience that offers an alternative to the conventional movie theater.
It is interesting that my comment got both upvoted and downvoted. I didn't know that people on hacker news knew that much about sewing!

I will just say what I thought was too technical to say. I have actually sewn sleeves and have done pattern matching between the body and the sleeve.

Two things impact the pattern matching.

Most of the ease is in the top of the sleeve cap and not in the body of the sleeve cap. The first thing I do is make sure the pattern is as far away from the sleeve cap as possible. Then I check if I can fool the eye. If you look closely at the plaid closest to the top it is shifted slightly which was disguised by matching the vertical stripe instead. The maker of the coat did both of these things. So - nothing was proved since this is normal sewing practice.

The second thing that impacts pattern matching is the stretchiness of the fabric. Pattern matching in knits is very easy even with ease. I don't think this was used in the particular coat.

I am very surprised that the author thought that a photo from an unknown manufacturer proves that easing was not needed. They could have easily proved it by sewing something. This leads me to believe they don't know as much about sewing as they implied.

Some of my background: I am a retired software engineer. The first half of my career was in 2d and 3d graphics rendering. My mother taught sewing professionally with a home economics degree from UC Berkeley (back when they had such a degree). She taught me as a child how to pattern match plaid. I have been fascinated by the math of sewing - but only as a hobby.
It seems the author (or paper authors) are mixing up individuality with life/agency?

IOW a hard drive with information is working against entropy to keep information active through time. But that doesn't make it an individual - IOW I see how this can be used to define a singular unit, I don't see how this idea is used to delineate the 'emergence' part: What am I missing?
I dev on a Mac and do a lot of 'quality of life' scripting with Bash. I recently had to do something on a PC and figured I'd try out Powershell. I have to say, it was a joy. Dealing with objects instead of text is so refreshing, it really is a game changer especially when you start integrating with COM (e.g. excel).

The only things I found worse:

1 - error handling doesnt bubble in the same way. e.g. I can't do an equivalent of `set -e`, or do `cmd && other_cmd`

2 - return values are very nuanced. If you don't understand how function statement contribute to the result, you will spend a lot of time debugging odd issues
They might have determined that the bulk of the accounts that were going to authenticate (active accounts) would do so during these periods so they'd reach the vast majority of accounts without breaking the systems using those accounts severely. This might be better than refusing we queries at random, I think.
Makes me think you can add scent trails to many objects- like the path of a fired arrow. Would help mitigate the "stealthy archer" problem Skyrim AI has.
Bats migrate. Migration brings species into contact with one another. (Even indirect contact such as sharing the same water source). With species in contact, viruses can spread. All this is perfectly normal.

What’s new here is that climate is changing, causing migration patterns to change, causing new interactions between species that previously did not interact. Some of which are eventually brought into contact with humans. Again none of this is new either, except for the climate change part. All of this could and did happen already without climate change, but climate change can turn things up a few notches by making migration pattern changes much more wide ranging than before.

So essentially what I am saying is it seems plausible that Covid-19 and its hit on the economy is one of the first “gifts” of global climate change. This seems to be right in front of our noses, but unnoticed by the whole world.
Show HN: Virtual egg tapping Easter game
My family usually plays a game at Easter where you tap hard boiled eggs against each other. The egg that doesn't break "wins". We do a play off and the winning egg for the day is carved. Others play it too https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egg_tapping.

Of course, this Easter we can't get together because of Covid19. So my partner and I decided to make a virtual version of the game that we could play online. Seeing as others might have the same need, we put it up for anyone to use.

If you just want to try it alone, you can open your area URL in two different browser windows. Happy Easter!
and I reply that I just record the "fresh" random roll ahead of time and you look that up. Doesn't make any difference. I think you're confusing random with pseudorandom.
What is not secure about using HTTP basic auth over a properly secured HTTPS connection?
I'd jump straight to dotty! You may as well learn the latest 'n greatest.
AI in the sense of "player vs. AI" is widely understood.

AI does not require ML.

"It's part of the history of the field of artificial intelligence that every time somebody figured out how to make a computer do something—play good checkers, solve simple but relatively informal problems—there was a chorus of critics to say, 'that's not thinking'."

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AI_effect
ive been using fastmail for several years and this hasnt been an issue for me.
I haven't tried GraalVM native-image on Windows :(
I absolutely abuse Bash for more usecases than I should on my mac, but you owe it to yourself to try out Powershell Core on PC. It is very, very productive. If it weren't for a couple nuances, I would consider switching to it on my Mac as well.
Same for me, it was basically set&forget. I recently added the InfCloud integration, which basically is a webclient for caldav/carddav, hosted within the radicale instance, which is very nice if you want to check things without your device.

[1]https://github.com/Unrud/RadicaleInfCloud
If you have a spouse and/or kids, and you want them to use FastMail for the same reason you do, consider putting pressure on FastMail to offer a (reasonable) family plan. I’ve been a happy customer for a decade but they’ve raised their prices (which would affect new accounts) and do not offer a family plan so this year be my last year with them.

Edit: typo
Do an image search.
Could you provide a list of games that have "actual" AI/ML baked in for their NPCs? I'm curious as I haven't heard of them before.
From their FAQ: "Movies will be variably priced with the most current films in the low thousands - no movie will be priced below $500. This will permit two viewings within a 36 hour period."

I was thinking $20, heh.
Similar solutions are available for females too, such as the shewee:
https://www.shewee.com
AI is much broader than ML. In gaming specifically you typically label behavior of dynamic, life-like entities as AI. Behavior trees, state-machines, path-finding and so on. A typical example: the ghosts in pacman.
> That's where your thinking goes wrong. TC does not mean that the program can take over the host process control flow.

But that's commonly what happens in practice. Return into libc and similar do exactly that.

Not only that, compromising the host process control flow is not strictly required. You may be executing weird machine instructions and not machine code instructions, but the weird machine being inside the host process often means that it already has access to at least some of the host process address space. When it's the whole address space or even an interesting subset (e.g. read access to sensitive data, write access to anything that goes into an outgoing network buffer), achieving TC is already the end of the game.

Access to host process data need not even be so direct. Once you can execute weird machine code inside the host process, it enables timing attacks that may reveal more host process data -- especially when you're inside the host process control flow, even if you don't fully control it. Exporting data is likewise possible if you can bring about any externally-visible change in the host process behavior whatsoever, e.g. the timing of outgoing network packets.

There are cases where none of these things are true but the cases where they are true are common. And they're also not generally regarded as a vulnerabilities that could justify mitigating them with things like denying network access, even though maybe they should be.
Is there any reason for why IMAP keywords cannot be used for labels by e.g. having some prefix for the keyword which indicates that it should be interpreted as a label? Client support is of course needed but to me it seems like the IMAP protocol already supports labels. Maybe IMAP lacks the ability to enumerate all labels?
In games "AI" is the term for the system that controls the behavior of NPCs and other non-controlled entities.

It's not claiming to be "academic AI".

Games have been using this terminology for decades.
OK thanks. I misread an article as saying that records couldn’t be extended, but on rereading, it actually said that java.lang.Record couldn’t be extended other than by declaring a record. That makes a lot more sense, and certainly explains the use of methods instead of fields. Thanks!

(I continue to dislike the syntax, FWIW)
Separating those cases expsoses the existence of an object, even if you can't access it.

Whether that matters is up to you, but I get the impression most people just default to not exposing existence. There is 403 which helps split these.
Is that really a copyright symbol? I would think most webforms would reject that.
"words"..
Towards a Commenting System
Digital hoarders: “Our terabytes are put to use for the betterment of mankind”
Please send me an email if you've got any issues: support@photostructure.com (this sort of feedback is exactly what I'm looking for from my beta users!)

The system settings on Mac are here: https://photostructure.com/getting-started/advanced-settings...

Shut down PhotoStructure, delete that directory, and if you want to reset your library, delete the `.photostructure` directory in your library (everything in there is reproduced during the import), and restart PhotoStructure to start from scratch.
There are, of course, legitimate reasons to send lots of email. You run these people out of business too.
-- did they pivot to covid-19 related work and double down on productivity?

This kind of expectation from my employer is what pisses me off. This is pure MBA type manager talk that normally expects that an employee working from home is going to be more productive and in thinking so builds undue pressure on employees who are already uncertain about their family, health and future.

I reject this question.
I don't know how many people are using Bootstrap anymore. Professionally I know that the only time we use Bootstrap, in a medium sized corporation, is if it's already bundled as a dependency for some other package we're using. I would imagine that the 20% of the internet still using Bootstrap is probably going to drop significantly with the removal of IE support. Or maybe not, maybe they're aware of the impact not supporting IE will have and found it to be a reasonable path to go down.
A tl;dr kind of answer is simply that an FPGA-based implementation is closer to a software emulator than to the real chip.
>Add colors to your Labels ...

>Switching back to Folders mode:
... Your labels will be converted into Folders.

Upon converting back to Folder mode, what happens to our painstakingly entered per-label color assignments?

As a Fastmail user, this worries me, as on its face suggesting a destructive bulk state change to all metadata of the account.
What was interesting about that MVP is that it was fun to use, even with just the 15 or so people in the office. And it was still fun to use when it was opened up to fifty close friends and family a few weeks later. Not all social software works with so few people while also scaling to work with so many people.
How does 403 help? Isn’t that for when authentication worked but authorization didn’t?
Everyone will work for 15 minutes – says starter of DIY 3D Printers
I strongly disagree. For example, in this algorithm, there is "knowledge": the knowledge of the programmer that realizes that following a person moving can mean also follow one of the previous positions of that person (especially if we can revert to follow that person again at some point), and this knowledge is encoded in an algorithm using code, that is, yes, those "if-then statements" you seem to despise.

For years (but even now) Artificial Intelligence meant understanding how intelligent behaviors worked, and then understand what is the sequence of "if-then"s that could express those behaviors in an artificial setting. Use statistical inference is a "hack" (unavoidable, often) to cover the cases in which such behaviors seem to be too complex to be grasped - and then expressed - by one simple and/or comprehensive algorithm, but the (possibly unattainable) ideal would be having everything expressed as "pretty much an if-then statement" indeed.
https://github.com/mholt/timeliner is the script I referenced, and it does incremental backups. It is limited by what Google's API exposes, though, so what you get back is not what you uploaded: it's got many tags stripped, including GPS.

It's really best to back up the originals that are on your phone. SyncThing and Resilio will do that automatically to your NAS.
Well that's what I'm trying to say :) Touchpads on Windows and Linux are "fine" at best (high end Dells are good enough to get out of the way I've heard) and "terrible" at worst. On Macbooks they're consistently great, and can make it legitimately enjoyable to use a laptop as a, uh, laptop.

Worth noting that there are still usage scenarios where a mouse beats a touchpad (i.e. image editing, pointer centric games), but overall touchpads don't have to be the inferior option if your computer is built for it.