skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
According to https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IINA it's a frontend for MPV?

https://mpv.io/ or plenty of other options here https://github.com/mpv-player/mpv/wiki/Applications-using-mp...
Let's try to quantify the economic loss. US GDP is ~$20 trillion. 3 months of that is ~$5 trillion. Assuming a drop of 25% in output from completely locking everyone down (Goldman predictions), that's ~$1.25 trillion. Add the current bailout package of $2 trillion, gives $3.25 trillion. Assume near-complete economic recovery after that, most businesses successfully reopen, for the rest of the year output only falls 5%. 5% * 15 trillion gives $0.75 trillion, for a total cost of $4 trillion.

With 2,200,000 lives lost, that works out to a cost per life saved of around $2 million. With that money, for 35,000 lives we could spend $70 billion. If we multiply that by e.g. 5, to get $350 billion, that seems like a reasonable number for building enough public transport infrastructure that cars were not needed, especially since it could be spread out over years (because we'd save 35,000 people every year, unlike corona where the saving of lives only happens in one year). Hence in this case the value of dollars per life is on a similar order of magnitude for both the private car bans and the mandatory lockdowns.

The above is a conservative approach: it would be more ideal to look at expected-life-years saved rather than just lives saved, and banning cars would do way better here because the majority of car fatalities are young people, whereas the majority of coronavirus fatalities only have a few expected years of life left.
The mortality during WWII was 9% over 6 years (1939-1945) for Germany, which gives a comparable number to that of corona virus now. So we should compare the current pandemic to 1 year of WWII with all the misery and suffering of the people instead of talking about "normal" or "abnormal" risk.

just my 2ct
Have you tried Kotlin?
Yes that's right even your own DIY face mask protect other people. And that's enough to slow down spreading...

You dont know for first ~5-6 days whether you are infected or not.

https://www.businessinsider.com/people-are-making-diy-face-m...

Don't worry too much about effectiveness of DIY face masks - in few months Respilon and other Czech companies will put on market face masks made from nanomaterials which filters virus much more effectively ;)
Great tool. May I suggest putting the date when you'd like to chat? Considering that in Europe the clock change comes next Sunday 29th, this could confuse some people if they'd like to chat sometime in a few days.
It could have been compiled to Lua bytecode, but I felt like having an external VM and ArkScript would have been too much. I always hate when I download a lib and 100 smaller libs come because the main lib relies on it
Icelandic version has a little more data: https://www.covid.is/tolulegar-upplysingar

At the bottom you can see the percentage of new cases each day that are detected in people already in quarantine.
> wearing a mask if YOU are infected will help protect other people

How do I know I'm not infected? There are a lot of asymptomatic carriers, that's the main problem.

A lot of people still think that no symptomps = not infected = no mask needed but that's totally wrong
Arguments like this are a longstanding template to excuse everything from crappy broadband to poor health outcomes in general. Yes, America is big, but bits don't get tired in long fiber links, and health care outcomes are independent of distance. America needs to start examining why we lag in so many quality of life issues.
You might not know that you are infected.
They do not have communists in there media hypeing the thread to hurt Tump.
> a lot of tasks were not worth the trouble of ensuring correctness, and so dynamic languages too over.

I'm not sure about this ... to me it seems the dominant effects were firstly that Javascript is the only language allowed in browsers, and secondarily that nobody had really cracked the usability issues to give us a language that had type-safety and no explicit precompile phase and easy integration with the webserver.

(It doesn't help that a lot of experienced developers are either actively hostile to the concept of developer-usability, or think that their own idiosyncratic habits are the definition of usable and cannot be improved!)

People instead moved their correctness work to unit-testing.
What about after accounting for life years lost? Young people are most likely to die in auto accidents, and they may have 50-60 years of expected life left, whereas the majority of deaths from coronavirus would be people who have way fewer years left.
Eventually there will be a test for antibodies, assuming you develop long lasting immunity.
I probably would never have finished that book if it wasn't required for a high school English class, it wasn't a pleasant read. But I'm glad I read it, I feel like I've been inoculated against some of the worse political ideas being traded nowadays. It's kind of amazing to me to think that they must have been present in Orwell's day already.
> I've never seen an activist who was la-di-da about their work. have you?

Definitely. I once worked in the central office of a well-funded NGO. The activists for this cause had long since burnt out and lost their enthusiasm, but they liked the salary and job security of these office positions, and so they remained with the NGO for decades. Everyone did the bare minimum of activism to get by, without really caring.
> They closed the border to all travelers with PRC passports in mid-February

And before that they had plenty of people coming in from China with active Covid infections - returning from New Year including people from Hubei.

The US enacted their travel ban to China on 31st Jan, yet that hasn’t helped the US...

Now Taiwan is getting cases from other countries (returning citizens and foreign migrant workers) e.g. yesterday: “Meanwhile, the 15 patients deemed to have contracted COVID-19 overseas all returned to Taiwan in the period March 16-23. The countries they had visited were the U.S., the United Kingdom, New Zealand, Spain, Malaysia, Monaco and Mexico.”

Taiwan is still allowing foreign migrant workers to enter the country, as they need them for their economy.
Why is it anytime usa screws up its because its a diverse nation that's different from all the other nations?

Maybe sometimes the USA is just incompetent and usually it can get away with being incompetent without consequence because nobody wants to poke the 800lb gorilla, but sometimes consequences do happen.
Wearing mask discourages you from touching your face with your hands.

If someone sneezes at you, even most simple mask will stop at least 50% of viruses. If someone was far away and only a small load reached you, that may be enough to keep you safe.

> (And if YOU are infected you should not be out anyway)

The big problem is to know when you're infected. Mask keeps others safe if you're not aware that you're infected.

Some reports say that you start distributing viruses pretty much immediately after getting it yourself. Even if all contacts (which is far from guaranteed) get traced and you get checked and/or isolated in a day or two, you'd be already spreading viruses for that timeframe.
For those using Google Calendar, there's a feature for showing people's working hours: https://support.google.com/calendar/answer/7638168?hl=en
This is so great. Read, subscribed, paused for a moment of nostalgia and gratitude. THANK YOU.
I hope so as well, but in my linked article I bring up a some task examples which I believe would all fall into areas said SDK wouldn't accommodate.
Porting Java's ConcurrentHashMap to Rust [video]
I'm sure if we start a Twitter storm about it, we can get him cancelled. /s

Personally I think it was just observational, perhaps they were the only women in the place, so they were the exception. From what I know, historically nurses have been mostly female - but would be interested to find out if this was different.
The point is that most people generally don't consider a response like this is justified for the sake of reducing deaths from automobile accidents (I've never seen anybody argue that everyone should not leave their houses, to prevent auto accidents).
You do NOT know if you are infected. Asymptomatic carriers is a major problem for COVID-19. A figure I saw was about 50% of infections come from them.

Here's evidence and list of 34 science papers backing up the utility of masks in slowing down a viral epidemic:

Thread with charts, articles, link to paper summaries:
https://twitter.com/jeremyphoward/status/1242894378441506816

ADDED: Just the list of papers & their brief summaries:
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1HLrm0pqBN_5bdyysOeoOBX4p...
I'm not sure I like their metrics a lot, but it's definitely an interesting idea! I might start doing this to rate movies I watched objectively. Thanks for sharing.
JDoodle – free Online Compiler, Editor for Java, C/C, etc.
I've never heard of fennel before, looks interesting!

Yes it's possible to launch a REPL by using the `-r` or `--repl` option when launching ArkScript executable.

A few people contributing on the language are people I know from some programming discord servers, and the others came to work on the project after discovering it thanks to the hacktoberfest tags I put on the issue.
Puppeteer Or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Automation
Many people don't know they are infected and also there is not enough testing capability in many countries. For example Heidi Klum tired to get tested after catching a cold and it took her several days to be accepted for a test. Now she is not exactly your average Joe and would be willing to shell out a few 1000 dollars to get tested.

Unless that situation changes, masks are a good alternative. And yes, only if everybody wears them.
I spent three years making iOS programs in Swift, which uses Foo! and Foo?, and never, NEVER, missed question or exclamation mark. Even if I did, the compiler would complain.
StraitTimes Panel discussion of "top Covid-19 experts" in Singapore on topic of "the next 3 months: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b3w8gu9S3lo
Looking for Proofreaders for my new Book: C++ Core Guidelines
This is really cool, thanks for this!
A lot of the books I read came from HN recommendations so this is pretty useful to me :)
Who could have known, that low paying gastro jobs, where you are forced to stay in even when you are sick could become super spreaders - surely the market will fix this.
In this thread, libertarian ideology wound licking.
If only the market had a pricepoint for the allmende.
It might have something to do with people remembering a previous disease outbreak, it might also be primarily a question of how collectivist vs individualist the societies are and how strongly the population follows government suggestions/orders.

Considering that, you'd expect South Korea or Japan to do better than Germany, Germany to do better than the US or Italy. And even within Germany, you'd expect large cities to do worse, with Berlin leading the charge. Would Hamburg be affected as much if it wasn't for their holidays falling right into that time?
https://status.cloud.google.com/incident/compute

It just looks horrific from the reliability standpoint. May be Google should consider adding columns for affected regions! Maybe they are too honest in admitting the failures than other providers, but that page paints a very bad picture.
Seriously. How is it possible to still be ignorant about the (up to) 2 week asymptomatic incubation period? This is the entire reason why the virus is so dangerous!

And where did OP mention anything about masks protecting the carrier from infection?
Valid rebuttal, thanks.

OK, I think that the mask over your own face is to prevent viral spread in largish water particles caused by coughs and sneezes, not general breathing (I'm not sure general breathing spreads much virus anyway, but I don't know).

So if you are infected and not showing symptoms ie. not coughing/sneezing then arguably the mask is not doing anything.

Arguably not, but we need more data - can anyone comment with sources?
The number comes from the column named "symptomatic cases requiring hospitalisation"
See my other reply. Plus I said "And if YOU are infected you should not be out anyway"
I worked for a startup that tracked hospital equipment (with active RFID tags), and it was shocking how disorganized hospitals can be. It's not usually a single person or department's fault though - there are a bunch of factors:

- equipment is often managed by a small team who doesn't have the resources to really track down everything

- equipment gets distributed to different departments who then might move it, store it, swap it, it breaks down and they don't tell anyone, etc

- theft can be a big issue: equipment is often very expensive and not very large, which means it has the ability to "walk off"

- different departments (or individuals) might hoard equipment because it can be difficult to get what you need exactly when you need it

- data about what you have can be split across 15 different systems that don't have the ability to talk or reconcile

- "full" real time tracking (like what we made) can be very expensive

So yes - there are systems that can help, but they're expensive and often not a first priority (even though they can help tremendously, especially when it comes time to do maintenance and reordering, etc.)
It's a bit of luck that the coutry had a private biotech company that makes tests for viruses, and the CEO of said company looked at Wuhan and decided to get samples from China.

I suppose, just like every country has a military or people managing their transportation infrastructure, there should be a "pandemic watch". (Well the US had a good one until Trump/John Bolton defunded it)
Not that it matters, but the vast majority of the bailout package is loans.

>Do you drive a car? If so, by your logic you value your own convenience more than human lives, because driving kills over a million people and maims tens of millions more people every year.

Why did you shift your argument all of a sudden from comparing the number of human lives lost to putting a dollar value on human lives?
Record 3.3m Americans file for unemployment as the US tries to contain Covid-19
Nope. I do have grey hair, though.

Anyone who has been an Apple developer for more than a couple of decades, has had the experience of having the rug pulled out from under them by Apple.

That's one reason that I'm not hurrying to adopt SwiftUI. I really like it, and hope that it makes it (I despise Auto-Layout), but I have also seen other promising tech smothered in the crib (OpenDoc? QuickDrawGX?).
Scientists identify microbe that could help degrade polyurethane-based plastics
Camembert
Polaroid Now review: a revival that’s light on features
I kept using my Amiga(s) as my main computer as long as possible, then switched to Windows NT and OpenGL. Very happy to have skipped the HIMEM/extender/etc. nightmare on MSDOS :)
You can make functions pure and specific so they rarely need to change. And use name-spaces and naming conventions - so the variables can be found with grep (find in files).

Lets say you are upgrading an API, lets call it "HN", to a new major version, which has made a breaking change by renaming HN.foo to HN.bar. Now if you have always named the API "HN" you can just make a "replace in file" operation where you replace HN.foo with HN.bar - after you have already checked that there is no HN.foobar (to prevent HN.barbar)

Even sophisticated IDE's will have trouble following functions in a dynamic language that is passed around, renamed, returned, etc. So I would never trust an IDE to find all calls-sites.

Heavily depending on an IDE or tooling can also lead to over-use of patterns and boilerplate that the IDE handles well. And unnecessary work like adding annotations just to satisfy the tooling.
I think you missed parent's point. There are constructs that the current compiler can't prove is correct and to write such code you need unsafe. It is often not about a trade-off between speed/safety.
> Wearing mask discourages you from touching your face with your hands

Good point!

> If someone sneezes at you, even most simple mask will stop at least 50% of viruses

sounds plausible, but any reference for that figure?
To add a bit more data to your assertion, most of the 9,000 cases in South Korea can be traced to a handful of gatherings where people didn't wear masks.

First there was the cult in Daegu, where believers are not allowed to cover their faces because apparently their god can't see through fabric. Mass infections also occurred in churches where people took off their masks to eat or sing together, or tried to "sanitize" one another's mouths with a folk remedy. A gym in Cheonan was responsible for the majority of cases in that province, and recently there was a small burst of cases in an insurance company call center in Seoul.

Meanwhile, the subway in Seoul is just as packed with people as always, but I haven't heard of a single case that was conclusively traced to the subway. Why? Everyone wears a mask when riding the subway and sanitize their hands afterward.

Masks have been so effective that the Korean government has even stopped publishing locations that were visited by infected people if they are known to have worn a mask while visiting them. Yes, they still track down each and every case outside of the Daegu area.
Could you post the list here for us who can't use twitter (permanently disabled JS).
Researcher questions data in old paper by chloroquine researchers
> not coughing/sneezing then arguably the mask is not doing anything.

People cough and sneeze all the time even if they're not sick.....
There is another service that does this for Android apps:

https://reports.exodus-privacy.eu.org/en

It is also build into the Aurora Store (alternative Google Play Store client for Android).
That’s because it’s much less likely to have restaurants named after a random town than Beijing or Seoul.
"no known protective effect"

Right. No one has ever studied contagions among the community at large and the effect of masks. When you hear people say there is no evidence, this is what they are referring.

"is not thought to be any more protective than not wearing one"

This is taking that claim too far, and is seldom what they're saying. Or rather never what they are saying.

Early on there were PDAs that discouraged masks because a) there is a weird social effect in much of the West where people get panicky, and somehow view someone else wearing a mask as increasing the odds, or at least the reality, that they instead will get sick, b) to discourage personal buyers competing with medical buyers, c) because the odds of coming into contact with a SARS-CoV-2 carrier was very low, whereas it's high to very high for medical professionals.

We need to discard with that bullshit. We know with overwhelming evidence that masks work -- that's why medical professionals wear them -- and even the lowly surgical mask has the same effectiveness blocking pathogens in as they do out, especially aerosol pathogens like this one.

And of course we know that people can be spreading this without symptoms, so it would be a massive win just for that.

As supplies normalize and manufacturers ramp up, we're quickly going to be at a place where most in the West will be wearing a mask of some fashion, and it will be officially encouraged. This whole weird anti-mask paranoia will have cost lives.

Masks aren't a panacea, of course, They should be properly worn and rotated. Add that they increase the effort the lungs have to exert, especially N95 masks, so in a unfortunate irony people with compromised lungs -- the most vulnerable to COVID-19 -- have the most difficulty using masks.
All three are barely testing.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/COVID-19_testing

There's your explanation right there.
https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=22485453
This very simple tool helps:

https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/meeting.html

It rocks with Daylight Saving time transitions too (UK one coming up soon)
Wow, I had exactly this idea when I moved to the Netherlands!

My friends and distant family members would call at weird times without checking if it's early morning or night here.
Even if you are breathing calmly mask will catch some small water droplets so spreading is somehow contained. It's true that after ~1 hour wowen mask will become wet and no longer effective. But it's not problem wear some other masks in your bag and change it... Currently there's huge shortage of respiratory protection products globally so your old wowen tshirt will help you :)
Last Interglacial Iberian Neandertals as fisher-hunter-gatherers
> So if you are infected and not showing symptoms ie. not coughing/sneezing then arguably the mask is not doing anything.

It prevents you from touching your mouth and your nose and thus getting it on your hands.

There is an excellent video visualising the spreading of germs:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I5-dI74zxPg

How To See Germs Spread (Coronavirus) by Marc Tober

Maybe that convinces you.
Let's assume healthy people do not need a mask. In fact, let's take it as Gospel, and the statement "Healthy people have no use for a mask" as absolutely true.

Given we know there are people with COVID-19 who are asymptomatic, any "Healthy people have no use for a mask" can simultaneously be true, and be practically irrelevant, as any definition of "healthy people" is necessarily impossible to prove. You simply can not know you are free of Corona Virus, short of having recovered from the virus.

If the standard was EVERYONE wears a mask, asymptomatic people would be a non-issue. Any advice contrary to the 100% mask usage argument has to explain how we deal with asymptomatic people. Short of testing everyone all the time, what would that even be?

TL;DR In a world with asymptomatic COVID-19 people, a 100% mask policy seems the sane default position.
It's about scope. The "ideal" design one pattern is supposed to be separation of concerns - the devolution of performance and responsibility into units that can be built and tested independently.

This is fine when that design pattern fits the domain. But some domains require global context, and it isn't useful or possible to strictly enforce separation - because you end up passing parameter bundles around and managing all those local scopes introduces more bugs than implementing a global context.

Multithreading is a different issue, and is a different kind of domain requirement. If you need multithreading and have a global context, you have a very interesting problem to solve.
It seems that a "pie chart", in English, or "diagramme circulaire" in French, is also (in France) called "camembert."

> Un graphique circulaire ou graphique en secteurs, aussi appelé camembert en France, est un type de graphique utilisé en statistiques.
This was a coordinated (dare I say "propaganda") campaign by US and other government officials in order to try to avoid mask shortages[1]. A noble goal, sure -- but the net result is that people are now misinformed about the efficacy of masks.

The evidence very much shows that wearing masks can reduce community transmission rates of SARS-like viruses -- up to 70% even with just plain surgical masks[2]. And even if you don't buy that, everyone wearing a mask means that asymptomatic carriers (who have no idea they're sick) cannot spread it as effectively.

[1]: https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/17/opinion/coronavirus-face-...
[2]: https://medium.com/@adrien.burch/whats-the-evidence-on-face-...
“Concurrent data structure” is a well-established term (both in common use and in the academic literature) for a data structure which is safe to access from multiple threads of execution.
Compiling a Functional Language Using C++, Part 10 – Polymorphism
You say that, but "somewhat confirmed" is not a diagnosis.
There is, Exodus Privacy (see my reply on the parent comment)
The Vampire is now also standalone, so you can buy a new Amiga with superior specs.
Show HN: I wrote a book about Apple's Combine framework