skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
And like I said, billing for normal patients isn't determined on medicare/medicaid rates and those are widely noted to be far lower than break-even let alone private billing rates.

> The researchers found the gap between the prices Medicare and private insurers pay hospitals increased from 2015 to 2017. Specifically, the researchers found private insurers in 2015 on average paid 236% of Medicare rates, and by 2017 that grew to 241% of Medicare rates.

https://www.advisory.com/daily-briefing/2019/05/13/hospital-...

Again, I just provided you an example of me getting billed $250 for 15 minutes of physician time during an office literally this month. Right now. Just paid it today. Will seeing the bill solve this discussion for you?

> For the heart attack patient, it isn't the physician who is charging the huge amount. It's the hospital. The physician is only going to get a certain factor (somewhere between 1x - maybe 3x on the extreme end) of that $440 for the wRVUs.

That's not what we were discussing, you're changing the topic from an office visit to a heart attack. A doctor's office visit is mostly doctor time, there's no surgical ampitheatre necessary for an office visit. No recovery time in a hospital bed. Completely different situation.

$1000 an hour net billing rate for a specialist office visit sounds about right. That's what I just got billed.

And yes, student insurance is unusually generous and usually subsidized by the university in terms of provider reimbursement as well as direct rates. You are not paying the full freight there.

Furthermore, you are far, far off the reservation suggesting the normal billing for a heart attack is $3200. You are underneath the Dunning-Kruger curve here, you don't even know what you don't know and you think you are informed for it.

> Heart attack hospitalizations cost a median $53,384 and strokes cost $31,218, according to the study. The resulting catastrophic costs make it difficult for uninsured patients to keep up with basic living expenses such as transportation and housing, according to researchers.

https://newsarchive.heart.org/uninsured-patients-faced-devas...

Feel free to tell the American Heart Association that they're wrong by a factor of 15. Let me know when they update the article. You're wrong, it's no longer worth continuing the debate with you.

Again, like I said, I mean this in the gentlest possible way: if you think an average heart attack billing (not just for the doctor, the whole thing) is $3200, you're too privileged to have been exposed to the realities of the American system. You are more incorrect than you have the worldview to even grasp. Even the doctors' association themselves think you are wrong.
keep your customers happy or someone else will

That seems trite. Why couldn't ebay/paypal keep their customers happy?

It looks to me like these companies epitomize the management philosophy of "software doesn't matter". Having established a lucrative niche with strong network effects, they offshored their software development. The CEOs are pure managers without software backgrounds; they could just as easily be running Proctor & Gamble. And so they run it like Proctor & Gamble.

Stripe, Amazon are run by people with software backgrounds.
https://youtu.be/jUnVxjaWIBM

Would this work for ya?
I already answered this in a sister comment. There are at least 3 candidates (Chloroquine , Remdesivir, Favipiravir ) and they are all unlikely to work.
I can probably derive everything you believe from your flagrant mischaracterisation of the UKs policies.

It might help if you don't get all your news from Twitter
Injecting combustion products into the upper atmosphere is something we really need to study more.

I supported the Ozone Hole studies in the mid 80's, and we found CFCs destroyed a protective part of our atmosphere. That recovered over time, but there are some rogue manufacturers using CFCs again, and leaking massive quantities.

We know airborne nuclei like soot cause localized precipitation, so that does change weather (it's called cloud seeding.)

We really need to know more about the effect of rockets at high altitudes, and airliner jet engines at 30,000'.

I have a strong feeling airliners have a significant effect due to the volume of air traffic and how dirty burning jet fuel is.

To see how jet engines could have a significant effect, there are around 10,000 airliners worldwide, which are in the air more than 12 hours each per day typically.

The break in air travel due do corona virus is an excellent time to compare atmospheric samples before and after the pause.
> D had its chance

What is stopping people to download a D compiler and write software in it right now?
Huh? An idle business can only distribute cash for so long before it runs out.
With the current "stir the fear" attitude of the media, deaths from drug overdoses will likely be counted as COVID-19 caused.
I wonder what the trade-offs would be if you could amplify mitochondria in skeletal muscle?
More can definitely be done with enforcing quarantine. In LA, meat is still prepared and served openly on the side of the road, so long as you have a relatively trivial permit. Even though the state is 'locked down,' you are still free to venture out at your leisure. Technically bars are supposed to be closed, but there is a pervasive speakeasy culture that hasn't slowed down.

The most vulnerable groups, the working class that pack like sardines in public transit every day, either continue work or are laid off. Tenement conditions still exist in Los Angeles, with multiple families cramming into a 1br apartment.

Quarantine is really only affecting the knowledge workers who make up a minority of the population, and who interact with a sliver of the population to begin with. Effective quarantine would include protections for the working class, but there isn't any political will.

I'm legitimately fearful of hitting the breaking point. Maybe some would call it overblown, or hysteria, but this is a city that endured three days of looting after a verdict, requiring the national guard to stabilize the situation. Men with rifles used to take positions on the roof of my grocery store. This isn't ancient history, unfortunately, it's who we are when pushed past our limits with nothing left to lose.
It's been a few years since I applied to college, but subject tests were nice because they showed a baseline for certain subjects that didn't really have AP exams (e.g. Math II is everything through pre-calculus). You can also take them more than once, unlike AP exams. Also, you don't send "official" AP scores to college admissions; you only do that once you're admitted, since they actually go to the registrar, not admissions. You simply self-report AP scores otherwise.

I feel like there are other benefits that I'm forgetting, but those come to mind immediately.
Note that you need to import Data.List if you want to use foldl'

(and chances are that you will still leak memory like crazy)
Two things I noticed recently:

1: Apple Pay is nice because you can pay without physical contact.

2: Apple Pay does not work if you are wearing a mask (we have immune-compromised family members and respiratory issues in our family).
regardless of experience, i recommend the little schemer, land of lisp, realm of racket, structure and interpretation of computer programs, and the courses how to code: simple data and how to code: complex data (don't be discouraged by the apparently simple titles as they cover the book how to design programs). if common lisp is really what you want, then i have lisp by winston and horn and common lisp by touretzky and find them quite nice, although i haven't gone through them, just peeking from time to time.
I'm pretty sure this is what happens if you're a weight lifter?
Art Bacon: 6 degrees of Kevin Bacon but for artists
Mitochondria are the powerhouse of the cell.
Every Tesla comes with always-on cellular connection which their cars use to log onto mothership.tesla.com or authenticate your phone through it to allow you to drive.

Save for small numbers of cars explicitly ordered off-menu with that feature removed, or has been hiding under the rock for six months, they keep the VIN, the connection, and rotating ssh keys to log into any instances of cars of their current models that have ever delivered, and it's not like there are trillion Teslas on the road.
Then I guess the obvious question a non-physiologist would ask is, why don't all our muscles already have vast amounts of mitochondria? If it's that beneficial with no major downsides then surely evolution would have stumbled on that configuration already?
Can’t you type a passcode into your phone instead of having it scan your face?
As a guess: You would be unable to rest without utter exhaustion, and possibly even not then. You might need to keep flexing your muscles constantly.
And apparently things like windscreen wipers and a speedo are considered “entertainment”?

Why would anyone combine those key elements with the “second” system?
Open a takeout or delivery bar that mixes only gin & tonics. Tonic water, or 'quinine water' is a precursor to chloroquine, the latest drug the U.S. gubmint plans to use againt covid-19.

Puts lots of gin in the drinks and make people happy. Sell zinc pills and lozenges on the side.
The JavaScript ecosystem is famous for bloat like this. Python is much better, though there is still an O(n^m) dependency tree. Languages like C/++ and FORTRAN commonly have effectively O(n) dependency trees.

I suspect it’s related to the ease of use to add new libraries/modules.
You should probably wait for another couple of months before declaring it a "success story". The lockdown has barely begun, and we haven't even see the first large wave of people fresh out of jobs getting their major bills in the mail.
https://youtu.be/jUnVxjaWIBM

Sorry you are inconvenienced.
Let me put it another way. Can we reasonably assume that people who find themselves in the position of needing to hire a CEO with their own money are not complete morons and will spend more than 5 minutes thinking about it?

I'm lost. The original question was:

Now all we need is a reliable way to identify a 'good' CEO without the benefit of hindsight.

Your response was "A candidate has to have a track record of success."

People are pointing out that doesn't appear to be sufficient.

So I agree that people hiring CEOs aren't morons and think about it. But I'm still not sure what indicators are useful outside track record, or indeed if you think that is sufficient.
Mitochondria do produce a lot of free radicals. Probably energy expensive to maintain cells like that.
French Revolution? Arguably the Russian Revolution if you accept the USSR as a step up from feudalism.
Not removed.

https://9to5mac.com/2016/11/24/apple-special-cdm-tool-macboo...
Two things:

- First, if you're treating Gatsby as a generalized site builder, this is an audit you only need to do once for all of your projects. It's not, "I need to audit 760 modules to build a simple webpage", it's "I need to audit my site builder once before I adopt it for all of my projects".

Of course, NPM makes it harder to treat Gatsby that way, because NPM makes it harder to freeze the entire package and guarantee you're using the same code everywhere. This is honestly true of a lot of package managers, there is a lot of room for future ecosystems to do package management better to help mitigate some of this personal responsibility.

Just as an example, I didn't need to personally do a security audit of every one of Krita's dependencies when I installed it in Arch. I downloaded a version that someone else had vetted. NPM just makes this hard to do.

- Second, the simple webpage part here is a little misleading. Gastby.js isn't simple, it's doing a ton of stuff. So it's not like building a simple webpage requires 760 modules, it's that you're using a site builder that comes with its own web Express web server, that does code transpilation with Babel and Webpack, that includes a code linter.

Here's the list of dependencies for Gatsby.js: https://www.npmjs.com/package/gatsby?activeTab=dependencies. Understanding that this isn't "a very simple webpage" puts that number into perspective and starts to make that security audit look at least a little bit more reasonable.

The Node ecosystem doesn't require 760 modules to build a webpage. It requires 760 modules to build a development environment, and then it bundles that development environment as a dependency. That's a very different situation to be in.
but getting from 0..custom-asic is waay more harder than you make it out :o) plus you have a _custom_ stack on top of it, which is not malleable at all. moreover, getting a vendor lockin is probably not such a good idea anyways.

giving credit where it is due, intel's role in development of latest pcie-4.0 and upcoming pcie-5.0 specs and ofcourse the latest cpu's make it less and less appealing to consider putting up with custom h/w + s/w imho

with dpdk for example, doing 10g/core with 64b packet sizes is considered pretty standard these days. and if you don't want to roll your own, you always have companies like 6wind to help you (and ofcourse they share the code as well)

facebook/google etc. have, by now, probably at least a decade of experience running their own sdn enabled networks. facebook even has fboss to commoditize switch from white-label manufacturers...
Some companies are famous for their piles of cash reserves. Apple, for instance. Other companies are definitely focused on the pump at the expense of their brand, product, and long term prospects. No C level executive sheds a tear when their company folds and they are handed their golden parachute to invest at market lows.
> because they don't gain traction among the HN audience

That's a bit of a misperception. They do gain traction. If we didn't moderate them, HN's front page would consist of the hottest topics of the moment and would be a different site altogether.

The strongest force on the internet is indignation—orders of magnitude stronger than curiosity—so there need to be countervailing mechanisms (like software and moderation) to contain its effects and allow HN to be HN. Upvotes alone don't do it, unfortunately.

https://hn.algolia.com/?dateRange=all&page=0&prefix=false&qu...
I think the major downside is energy costs. You can only support so much high-energy tissue with a constant caloric budget.
Meanwhile I disabled Win+Tab (`#Tab:: Return` in an AutoHotkey script) and also three-finger swipe which defaulted to opening the same view, because it is so astonishingly slow, and easy to accidentally trigger when Alt+Tab or two-finger swipe were intended. On my Surface Book, when I have a fair bit running (call it 20+ windows and approaching full use of main memory), the first invocation of that could make the machine unresponsive for 10+ seconds, because that Win+Tab thing uses inordinate amounts of memory (well over half a gigabyte for that many windows on a 3000×2000 display, if they’re all maximised it’ll be closer to a gigabyte), so it has to shuffle loads of memory around first. Even subsequent openings of it tend to take half a second at best, more typically 1–2 seconds.

Meanwhile, I believe macOS’s equivalent transitions smoothly and quickly. Not that I’ve used it myself for fifteen years or so.
That is because that is how our system of executive administration is designed. It is a federal system with the vast, vast majority of police powers (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Police_power_(United_States_co... residing in the state, not federal authorities.
Can’t wait till this becomes applicable to something like AIDungeon!
Alternatively it could be objection to numerous examples of somewhat arbitrary standardised testing which takes over student education to the exclusion of pretty much anything else, limiting a lot of the creativity and enjoyment students might otherwise take part it.

But that's just my cynical educator's view.
> The way modern memory works linked lists are practically a denial of service attack on system performance

Wrong. Intrusive, doubly-linked lists are extremely performant and useful in the right places, especially if you have callbacks which store a pointer to a list element (this often happens with device drivers in low level programming), or if the elements can belong to several lists.

The Linux kernel, for example, makes plenty use of linked lists.

> IMO, like goto’s it’s better to just forget they exist.

Wrong again. In a language without automatic memory management and without scoped destruction (cough C cough), they are immensely useful. Again, refer to the Linux kernel. Or any competently written, non-trivial C program for that matter. Note: I'm not defending C here, I'm defending correctly used gotos in C programs.
The US is very far behind when it comes to payments. It's still quite common for someone to take your card and swipe it and want a signature.

Every time I go down there from Canada I get confused and feel like I've gone back in time 8 years.
You got the low end "pro" version. The 4-port version was on offer.

What do you need the extra ports for? Monitors have USB hubs.
When the shit started going down in mid-Feb I bought 8 loaves of my favorite bread and froze them. Wish I had spent more time shorting the market.
Failing to predict the business cycle should require retaking business school...

The big problem is that companies are focused on the quarter rather than the decade. Imagine the innovation we would have in technology if companies were willing to take a loss for years on worthy inventions, rather than only putting forward readily profitable projects.
Where are people getting a few seconds from? The video seems to display the crashed MCU for well over a minute. 30 minutes is unreasonable, but it does seem like the safest thing to do is pull over.
Well, you can look up the websites of restaurants and things right from the map, etc.
Californians can now order alcoholic beverages to go
> Pretty sure the iPad will have zero of these problems when it ships, and that makes all the difference, even if it's two years "late".

i personally find that a bold statement. my iPad lasted a whole year as an apartment-only tablet before just outright dying, whereas i have the original surface, a surface pro 4, and a surface laptop that have been heavily used inside and outside and still work flawlessly. and before it died, the software issues on the iPad were endless. on top of that, my macbook pro is useless due to mac os x updates, a dead network card, and a few broken keys (that broke all on their own through normal use, no drops).

personal experience is what it is, but you shouldn't make sweeping statements based upon it.

anyway, i find windows 10 to be the superior os. i run fantastic windows apps and a linux os all from the same computer rather seamlessly.
Snow Science Against the Avalanche
Ask HN: Possible benefits of Covid-19 pandemic?
The COVID-19 pandemic is a terrible thing. In both the short- and long-terms, it will cause immense suffering throughout the world. But it's conceivable that some good things will also result. Any ideas for what those might be?
Who are these nefarious leaders? Mastercard? Visa? I have one of either to safeguard when abroad.

The bank I choose to mainly use for 1€/month? The party in a proportional system I choose to vote for because I felt they were right and not the least worst optoion?

And thank you for the nazi reference. I felt it had a lot of impact.
I'm with Quill.org, a free online tool that helps middle school students improve their writing skills. You can sign up and assign a diagnostic to your kids to assess their skills and assign recommended practice.
Not a public one, but we're always happy to answer questions.

(Well, usually happy to and always do.)
No it isn't. If you are asking someone where they get numbers from them write some incorrect numbers in the pursuit of whatever agenda is not a good look.

As of Monday,

- 274,504 people tested

- 8,400 cases

- 81 deaths

- 0.96% CFR

> so CFR is very close to IFR

On what basis do you make that statement. It's clearly indefensible

https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.businessinsider.com/coronav...
Average of a finite series: There's a statistics module in Python 3.4+:

X = [1, 2, 3]

from statistics import mean, fmean
mean(X)

# may or may not be preferable to
sum(X) / len(X)

https://docs.python.org/3/library/statistics.html#statistics...

Product of a terminating iterable:

import operator
from functools import reduce
# from itertools import accumulate
reduce(operator.mul, X)

Vector norm:

from numpy import linalg as LA
LA.norm(X)

https://docs.scipy.org/doc/numpy/reference/generated/numpy.l...

Function domains and ranges can be specified and checked at compile-time with type annotations or at runtime with type()/isinstance() or with something like pycontracts or icontracts for checking preconditions and postconditions.

Dot product:

Y = [4, 5, 6]
np.dot(X, Y)

https://docs.scipy.org/doc/numpy/reference/generated/numpy.d...

Unit vector:

X / np.linalg.norm(X)
There has been a steady drumbeat of warnings to expect that spike, but unfortunately the statistical nuances of epidemiology will be lost on many.
Because the trade-offs are not optimal for most people. Might require huge caloric budgets not available (until now). At present, energy efficiency is actually detrimental to reproduction for most people in first world countries, so it's conceivable if we wait another million years or something, our muscles might have a lot. Assuming not getting tired leads to reproductive success, of course.
Did that, and had Lemming dreams for weeks...
What an insanely clever idea. Great work! 3M photos is a huge dataset; I’m guessing each photo already had associated metadata and you did not hand-classify? Where did you grab such a large dataset?
D has failed long ago. It tried to be like C and in doing so essentially became another C++ over time. Nobody is going to invest into D and that is proven by adoption. The benefit is just too small...

Rust does the right thing. It keeps C ABI compatibility but utterly throws everything else out of the window and starts fresh. If you have the need for Rust, go for it. Otherwise stick with C++. Simple as that. D has no place in this discussion.
Everyone feels that there's too much of what they don't like and not enough of what they do. People with opposite Muskian and Assangian tastes to yours have the inverted image of what there's too much of.

(Btw, please don't play the 'astroturfing' card unless there's hard evidence. This is in the site guidelines: https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html. Disliking things on HN is not evidence, it's universal.)
Not having a degree precludes registration... in fact, the degree must be from an engineering society accredited program, to ensure you get enough hours in front of a P.Eng prof or lecturer, among other things, I think.

One Canadian university's Comp Sci dept. started offering Software Engineering program one time and it ended up in a lawsuit the outcome of which is... complicated.

Canada is, I feel, very... lot of red tape.

The traditional term "engineer" isn't even a very good description of software dev anyway.

Software dev people should just make a new word up and abandon "Engineer".
Oxford also tried something similar by implementing their own entrance tests for engineering and physics (and other subjects). The idea was to stop private school kids with straight A GCSEs and A-levels from dominating. The entrance tests are supposed to be harder to prepare for, and therefore fairer - all that did was force the rich kids to get tutors and the situation remains largely the same.

One of the main reasons I didn't apply to the US for grad school is having to sit through the GRE (which I had no time to prepare for during my final year) and then to redo all my Masters courses because the US doesn't recognise foreign qualifications. Virtually anywhere else in the world you can convert your grades to local standard, and a masters is a masters. At grad level an interview is much more useful to gauge ability, as grades are a poor predictor of research output.