skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
> How did the current coronavirus pass from a bat to humans?

> We don’t know specifically, but presumably the virus was being shed by the animal in the market, and humans were proximal. Or it could have been that people were directly handling the animal. There may have been a secondary source. In the 2002 SARS outbreak in China, we didn’t see people’s direct exposure to bats as the source of infection. There was a secondary source, a wildlife animal, the civet cat.

Wuhan Center for Disease Control is ~900 feet from the market, and apparently studies bats. Has it been exonerated from suspicion that there was some sort of accident?
Meat consumption can be reduced much faster than population.
In the UK cha/char (never seen it written down, so don't know how to spell it) is a relatively common colloquial term for tea.
Gradefinity is a testing solution/micro LMS which accommodates online and in-person testing: https://gradefinity.com

It was primarily built to serve as a Scantron replacement, so classroom management features are limited to online testing and course announcements.

Full disclosure: I work a full-time job (at least for now, save for any layoffs) so support would be somewhat limited. I can also take down the paywall for as long as needed for any schools affected by Covid-19

Other free options:

- Moodle (more technically involved, needs to installed/hosted by someone and setup can be challenging)

- Canvas (I haven't personally used this, but it seems to be growing in popularity. From what I understand it is somewhat similar to BlackBoard)
More money doesn't always make something happen faster or better. Governments are likely spending hundreds of millions to billions. Even if Apple had committed a billion dollars, would that result in better training, more personnel, more useful medication, medication where it needs to be, better tests, or more testing in the short term?

I suspect the answer is no, because I think those are likely all constrained on the supply side right now and money is not currently the problem.

It's sort of like a disaster happening in the area close to you. Maybe you go to try to donate your time to help others affected by the disaster. Maybe when you get there you see 50 other people standing around twiddling their thumbs because there's more people than they have useful tasks for at the moment. Do you stick around all day with nothing to do so you can say you helped, or do you leave after 30 minutes and promise you'll check back tomorrow to see if they have more use for you then?
Show HN: Open Covid-19 Dataset
Probably works well to prevent phishing or spoofing attempts
Ask HN: Open-source tool for communities/groups to help each other during Corona
Looking for recommendations for an opensource tool that could easily/quickly be setup and configured to support individuals that belong to small groups/communities to share information and communicate with each other.

E.g. a neighborhood where someone who is isolated due to Corona virus and sign-up and request supplies/assistance. And where interested people can post offers/information (with moderators).

Self hosted so that privacy is maintained (i.e. not Facebook). Preferably on a low-cost service like DO or Heroku.
Can you provide this link?

I could only find:

https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.03.09.20033217v...

Which does not actually address whether there is airborne transmission of the virus but rather refers to laboratory generated aerosolized particles and viability on various surfaces.

If you know otherwise please share as this is in direct contradiction to what various health organizations have been telling HCWs and forms the basis of our hospital’s standard of care which like all other in North America is that airborne precautions are NOT needed except during aerosolized particle generating procedures.
Is there a guide on how much are you supposed to give? Would $200B be good enough? Why criticize how much is one giving
I got into coding via Timex 2068 Basic, Z80/8086/68000 Assembly, Turbo Basic/Turbo Pascal Demoscene meetups.

Maybe coding the Arduino/ESP32 game boy clones is appealing to today's kids.
What would be a more suitable response? Giving employees that need to be out of work more money than they usually make?
Fresnel Equations, Schlick Approximation, Metals, and Dielectrics
This is about apps snooping in the foreground, which is still possible in Android. I don't think iOS offers background access at all.
Great, at least this one was more interesting than the critical response my dry cleaner or 10 minute oil change place is taking.
They’re all part of the same TCP connection, which means that if a packet gets lost, they all need to wait for this packet to be retransmitted, even if the data was unimportant for almost all of them.
The Aqueous Extract of Mung Bean Coat Is Protective Against Sepsis
The point is that deaths - the numerator of the case fatality rate - are basically always recorded, whereas cases - the denominator of the case fatality rate - represent only a subset of the people that are infected.

When the health system is severely overburdened, that subset because a smaller and smaller proportion, as scarce resources are used for testing of people presenting at hospitals rather than population-based testing.

People who are asymptomatic or have minor symptoms don't present at a hospital, so they don't get tested, so they never get recorded as a case (which, by definition, requires a test and a diagnosis).

The real population fatality rates are guaranteed to be lower than the CFR unless you believe that every person who is infected is being tested and diagnosed, and it's my opinion that they'll be much lower.
And then the next part:

> We’re also announcing that we are matching our employee donations two-to-one to support COVID-19 response efforts locally, nationally and internationally.

Plus everyone is still getting paid:

> All of our hourly workers will continue to receive pay in alignment with business as usual operations. We have expanded our leave policies to accommodate personal or family health circumstances created by COVID-19 — including recovering from an illness, caring for a sick loved one, mandatory quarantining, or childcare challenges due to school closures.
The nuclear bunker is their industrial design lab in Cupertino.
I wonder how many average people that have donated $15 for this cause, or even $1.80... (disclaimer: not myself either)
Aren’t the war time leaders the ones that make sure there is something to build on?
Amazing. Who else?
You're right, that's ten times more generous than I accused them of being. I understand the downvotes now.
Thank you for posting.

Staggering wake up call to always see how data presented is actually calculated. There is something about the simple percentage figure that seems so easy to confuse people - even experts. Take the concept of interest rates (cumulative vs annualised).

In this case, what is the denominator? Good god, of course it doesn't make sense to divide the recently dead with the total cumulative population of infected!

Thank you for this post.
Commodore destroyed their dealer network in the US by mistreating them during the C64 days. The worst probably being Jack Tramiels parting shot as Commodore CEO when he cut recommended retail prices overnight without warning dealers or offering any refunds/discounts to deal with the massive drop in the value of their inventory he caused.

Conversely in Europe where local Commodore subsidiaries did well in many countries, Apple was a tiny presence most places until the Mac.

I pretty much lived in the local computer stores in Norway in the 80s and never saw any Apple 2 variant for example. Apple was a non-entity to me, even though I knew of obscure brands like Dragon and Enterprise 64.

Commodore dominated the home computer market in Norway, with Atari, Spectrum and Amstrad following shortly after, and a variety of smaller players..

Once the Mac arrived, one store nearby had a single one on display in the corner.

These things varied greatly by country.
Curious what was the issue? Was it more technical or billing related?
This strikes me as the sort of pedantic and "I'm witty" click bait that occasionally percolates upwards on HN, especially considering the specifics of "EOF" are very much contingent on operating context.
Dialyzer is absolutely terrible though. I know of no modern, widely used programming tool that has worse error messages. And showing error messages is its only purpose.

It'll tell you there's a problem in function x and actually the problem is 4 functions down the stack. It's nuts, it's shit.
I'm wondering why they add quininne to some kinds of Schweppes. And I like the taste btw
right, so you guys are mostly trying to stand out with the tech then, that's totally cool. Good luck and all the best!
Tsaikd/gogstash: Logstash like, written in Golang
Do you have any hard evidence of an actual causation between VB and the symptoms you describe? I think any non-bleeding-edge mid and later hype-cycle technology will have its monsters. I get the feeling VB is past
all that, and what's leftovers can't be sooo disfunctional.
Sugar and simple carbs are more dangerous. But anyway, you'll have to pry the meat from my cold dead fingers.
I don't know whether to be happy that a major American company has publically said such things, or carry on being disgusted that such a thing is not normal and is worth a PR announcement.

Seriously, Apple's leave policy didn't include "recovering from an illness"??
Yup, I've done the research on hostgator, I know the awful rep, which is another reason I want to switch. Thanks, hadn't considered cloud VPS.
I have heard that these can aerosolize the virus, which is dangerous to other people.

https://hackaday.com/2020/03/12/ultimate-medical-hackathon-h...
Good point, a lot of my data actually comes from Russia. Singapore is looking like a better option at present, half way between the two...
"Should you worry? In a word, no. Activity like this is probably common at Norris and, at other times, under the caldera, too."

- the article
Anyone has a link to a description of the actual ventilator? I'm an anesthesiologist/intensivist so I'm a specialist in mechanical ventilation. Would be fun to see what they came up with!
A quick Google search gave quite a bit of results e.g. C-Mera [1].

[1] https://github.com/kiselgra/c-mera
I believe this has already started for coronavirus stories/updates.

“Publishers from The Atlantic and The Philadelphia Inquirer to The New York Times, The Wall Street Journal and Bloomberg News have each made coronavirus coverage available to non-subscribers.”

Source: https://www.adweek.com/digital/major-publishers-take-down-pa...
Those articles are discussing a 2004 outbreak. The SARS epidemic occurred during 2002-2003.
The Spectrum was surely just meant as a doorstop, just like the Oric 1
Is the iPhone screenshot accurate? Because they way it looks right now, with the border around the entire screen, is pretty awful :(
CPAP stands for continuous positive airway pressure, one of the problem with SARS(Severe acute respitory syndrom) or Wuhan Fever is it stiffens the lungs making it hard to exhale. This in turn allows the lungs to fill up with fluid, a sort of viral pneumonia.

I believe a ventilator uses a negative pressure or vacuum to assist with exhalation and air exchange.
India's Chandrayaan 2 is creating the highest-resolution map we have of the moon
> With approximately 15,000 confirmed cases, their hospitals are completely overrun

Not all hospitals across Italy are. They have not saturated all national hospitals with 15K patients. It appears to be only a few public hospitals in the Lombardy region, where all of this started.
> It's my body.

...but your body will take up a hospital bed and a team of healthcare professionals to deal with the side effects, thus taking them away from other patients.
Good for Cloud services. In the short term, streaming services are probably more popular than ever. Gaming will probably do quite well with all the students off. Good for video chat apps, slack, Atlassian and other work management systems.
Relating to coronavirus (COVID-19), if you require a ventilator, your survival chances are already slim.

> The median time from illness onset (ie, before admission)
to discharge was 22·0 days (IQR 18·0–25·0), whereas the
median time to death was 18·5 days (15·0–22·0; table 2).
32 patients required invasive mechanical ventilation, of
whom 31 (97%) died. The median time from illness onset to
invasive mechanical ventilation was 14·5 days (12·0–19·0).
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation was used in three
patients, none of whom survived. Sepsis was the most
frequently observed complication, followed by respiratory
failure, ARDS, heart failure, and septic shock (table 2). Half
of non-survivors experienced a secondary infection, and
ventilator-associated pneumonia occurred in ten (31%) of
32 patients requiring invasive mechanical ventilation. The
frequency of complications were higher in non-survivors
than survivors (table 2)

https://www.thelancet.com/action/showPdf?pii=S0140-6736%2820...
We have tipping guidelines so yes someone should create one. They probably got 15m in earned media from the PR alone.
In this case, Comcast is a nearly-Tier-1 transit provider that spends almost $0 on transit outside of interconnect/switchport costs. This argument doesn't really apply. In fact, companies pay them for transit to connect/peer because they can't afford to not.

>https://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2014/05/comcast-is-the-o...

>Comcast argued that it could be considered a Tier 1 itself, as less than one percent of its traffic requires transit.

>As Comcast's market power continued to increase and consumers had less choice, they actually started demanding payments for connectivity. A larger Comcast will be able to demand even greater payments.

As for T-Mobile/ATT, they are Tier 1 providers who again get transit for free. Spectrum is the only resource that is scarce in that scenario.

The same rules don't apply to the larger ISPs. This market is not fair.
Nope, the way it's described I'm certain this is electrohydrodynamic jetting. It's been well researched since first discovered in the 60s by G.I. Taylor (IIRC). And it's already used in inkjet systems.

From the description here, sounds like they have 600 of these droplet spray generators mounted in a conical assembly, which they rotate to keep feeding in paint via centrifugal force.

Here is a slow motion video of a system similar to one drop generator. Lots of parameters that Toyota could play with here, like geometry, field configuration, field strength, pressure etc.

https://youtube.com/watch?v=egi0t94wdcc
Not at all, hence the move into UWP and for those that insist in staying with Win32, they get their sandbox as well since introduction of MSIX.

On the upcoming Windows 10X, each Win32 gets their own little world, as the next step since Microsoft decided to merge UWP and Win32 sandboxing concepts.
> More money doesn't always make something happen faster or better.

Elon Musk tweeted "Coronavirus panic is dumb"[1]. When there were school kids stuck in a cave, he sent a team of engineers halfway round the world to try and build a submarine rescue effort. Instead of tweeting that, he could have tried to build cheap CPAP/respirators in bulk, on short notice and deliver them to hospitals.

I'm not saying he should have, but SpaceX dropped the price of rocketry a lot by trying and using off the shelf components; manufacturing is something which effort and money could plausibly move the needle on quickly, where research into speculative medication might not have any results, and that is something we can imagine him doing where we can't imagine a large company with big manufacturing experience pivoting to doing unexpectedly.

[1] https://twitter.com/elonmusk/status/1236029449042198528?ref_...
I suspect it was a product of the OP's musing about errors. Side effects are common in programming languages outside of pure functional languages. When you have a pure functional language, what do you do if the type you are returning can't represent an error? You also can't have side effects (for example throw an exception), so it's doubly important that you make sure your return type can encode errors. I suspect that's all they meant. The choice of wording was just unfortunate (especially the use of "procedural" -- what do I do if I can't return values??? ;-) ).
Exactly! Behind all the churn of new newer newest rehashes of what a programming ecosystem could be hide real hard problems, and they mostly never get addressed.
+DBL_MAX. Negative zero is an entirely valid, if rare, result of certain computations.
I have been using CloudApp for similar use case. It’s pretty good for screenshot sharing with annotations.

https://www.getcloudapp.com/
Simple - money is a scam, only value for it is trust of other people. Keynesian economics sucks, globalism is evil.
- COVID-19 seems to be mainly hypoxic respiratory failure, not hypercapnic respiratory failure

- NIV (Non invasive ventilation, CPAP is essentially a form of this) doesn't typically perform well (on a patient outcomes, mortality basis) for pneumonia with hypoxia compared with invasive ventilation. However, this is thought to partly be because NIV delays the decision to proceed with intubation and ventilation. If there is no ventilator available, that might change the value of NIV.

- NIV will also likely cause aerosolisation of the virus facilitating spread if there are others in the area. Most sleep apnoea CPAP masks are vented which would probably make this worse (cf unvented masks commonly used on ventilators in an ICU setting)

- Many sleep apnoea CPAP machines don't allow entrainment of supplemental oxygen, which would be likely to be needed in critical COVID-19 infection

Source: I'm an intensive care specialist
The Windows 10X sandboxing for Win32 is yet another step into that direction, each application gets their own little world thinking that they still own the PC, when in fact they are part of a Windows container.
For those who want Elm + Erlang/Elixir, there's Elchemy

http://elchemy.neontree.pl/new
I've worked with quite a few developers who be jumped ship from the games industry. From what I've read it's a common pattern for for older game devs looking for sane working hours.
> I don’t think my decision changes the macro outcome.

That's quite a selfish way of thinking about this. This is equivalent to an argument I've heard about global warming which is "if China/India aren't going to curtail their C02 emissions, why should the US?"

If everyone thought like you did, we'd all get infected.
WPA3 adoption is still limited, and transition mode will be a necessity on any public access network for many years. “Historical artefact”, eh, like COBOL.

The commons in question is not the last mile.
I'm growing cucumbers in my garden, I am successful!
World fritters away half trillion dollars on coal support
How do they get the .gov domain?
It seems to be quite bad for the AA in FAANG. Or at least one of them

I don't think any analysis is valid right now since we don't know what long term even means at this point.

I think the companies that will benefit will be entirely unpredictable, because we're about to fall into a steep descent in our gradient and the optimization of companies business models and products is about to get crazy. Just like '08 and '01.
If many low-risk persons like you still spread it widely enough, enough of them will still be hospitalised at the same time to overload the medical system, thereby putting others at risk.

Consider this: you're some random person going against the advice of experts. If you're right, great, you've been able to eat out. If you're wrong, you've contributed to significant suffering of other people. Is that something you want to risk based on your self-confidence? Is that something you would appreciate others risking to you based on their self-confidence?
Man, I’m just waiting for AWS load balancers to support HTTP2. Last time I checked they still convert HTTP2 into HTTP1 for downstream endpoints.
Actually exhalation is passive, not active, in modern day ICU ventilation.
Another one for the videoconferencing is AWS Chime. It pretty much just works. It doesn't try to be an amazing product on its own which makes it free from weird features and bloat. The best one I've used so far.
https://pbs.twimg.com/media/ES5Skn-X0AAkn3j?format=jpg
If I'd hazard a guess, it might be because someone still has to operate the ventilator, and hospitals are expecting a drop in healthcare workers (since you don't want a sick person treating patients).
As a long time (paid) user of whereby (aka appear.in) I've been pretty disappointed by recent changes. You used to be able to visit appear.in/anything and get a room. Now there is an explicit and annoying "create a room" step. It's still much simpler than Zoom, which is why I still pay for it, but if someone created a service with "the old appear.in experience" I'd switch a heartbeat.
>Which room do you go into?

Either room is preferable to Room 3: which is no one has any masks.

Or the Chinese made masks in Room 2 would be validated and inspected for compliance state side. Trust but verify etc. The logical scenario is traceable US made masks is triaged for medical workers while patients use Chinese made masks that's undergone some sort of due diligence.

But broadly, you're correct. Extra validation and QC should be emphasized now more than ever, China dramatically ramped up mask production by 10x normal capacity. Factory owners who do not typically make masks are spinning up production lines, raw materials is being sourced from everywhere. There's no doubt a lot of amateur hour happening which is why QC is extra critical with these batches that is at least good enough for Chinese frontline workers.

Unless the risk is China would deliberately send spiked masks via Ma, in which case, why not keep the masks in storage for later propaganda uses. Knowing how heated the rhetoric is going to become, this almost makes Ma's donation a bad move in retrospect. I'd hope the donation is traceable just for that possibility.
Fascinating! The entire time I was absorbing why my Osprey women's backpack is so comfortable, so interesting to get the historical breakdown. Not sure about that floating backpack though..
Not all young people are ‘digital natives’
Diving in doesn’t mean diving in blind.

To me it does; diving into water is the alternative to going in slowly and cautiously; your talk is more like "look before you dive" - and discussing by mixing metaphors won't clear anything up. You plan, anticipate roadblocks and judge how much you can overcome them in advance, and adjust the plan. To me, that's not diving in, even if you do it quickly; "Diving in" would suggest that you first learn about the roadblock when you get to it and then your progress stops until you overcome it or can't.
a virus could kill 100% of its host, as long as it took a long time to do so while the host was still able to go around and infect others.

I don't think the 10% virulence is the reason (or the only reason) that SARS didn't make it to pandemic scale, I think it was everyone working against it and succeeding that time, which of course had the result of people thinking "hah, see it wasn't a problem, all those eggheads overreacting"

on edit: I think my main irritation is with the governments that did not put the proper preparation in the health systems (enough ICU preparation for example) for what was a foreseeable event.
Is it possible to detect coronavirus with NIRS (Near-Infrared Spectroscopy)? https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Near-infrared_spectroscopy

FWIU, the equipment costs and scan times are lower with NIRS than with CT or MRI? And infrared is zero rads?

(Edit) I think it was this or the TED video that had the sweet demo:
"The Science of Visible Thought & Our Translucent Selves | Mary Lou Jepsen | SU Global Summit"
https://youtu.be/IRCXNBzfeC4

Are these devices in production?