skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
where is it I went to their website in the link but I don't see where the free streaming is...
A Chatbot Interface to help Covid awareness
This was very helpful to me:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E3URhJx0NSw

Michael Osterholm is an internationally recognized expert in infectious disease epidemiology. He is Regents Professor, McKnight Presidential Endowed Chair in Public Health, the director of the Center for Infectious Disease Research and Policy (CIDRAP), Distinguished Teaching Professor in the Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, a professor in the Technological Leadership Institute, College of Science and Engineering, and an adjunct professor in the Medical School, all at the University of Minnesota. Look for his book "Deadliest Enemy: Our War Against Deadly Germs" for more info. https://amzn.to/2IAzeLe
http://www.cidrap.umn.edu/
I first came across this via the alt text of this particular XKCD. https://xkcd.com/341/
No, it's not the conservative number. The UK chief medical adviser estimates it at 0.6%, which is much easier to support with the available data (case fatality rate and an estimate of what proportion of infections are being detected as cases) than 2%.
I think you're right. I can't find the article I thought I had read.

Or perhaps the 80% figure was patients within a certain age range.
H1N1 had an R0 between 1.4 and 1.6 [1]. Let's assume it was 1.6.

Let's assume that the current coronavirus has an R0 of just 2 (estimates vary, most higher than this). Perhaps it is less, but for the sake of argument lets say it's 2.

1.6^10 = ~110

2^10 = 1024 (so ~9x higher)

That's with just 10 steps of transmission. So assuming the R0 of 2 is correct this will spread much faster.

Now consider that people do not seem to show symptoms until at least 5 days after they've been exposed (by some estimates, even longer, like 9+ days). Assuming they are contagious at least part of that time, they are unknowingly spreading this.

As others have mentioned add into it the fact that people who have been exposed to various flu viruses can have some immunity to new ones.

Ignoring all that, just look what's actually happening on the ground in Italy and China.

[1] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19545404/
I don't think this downplays it at all. If 59 million were infected with H1N1, what's stopping them from being infected with COVID-19, which has a mortality rate at least 10x higher, if not 30x higher?
How do you isolate against a disease that is spread by assymptotic carriers? You cant. This option is not a option, never was, and for this virus never will be.
We cave to the Chinese, and this is how they reward us. We're using awkward names (COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2) and less-specific names (coronavirus) instead of Wuhan virus. They then spread the idea that the US performed a biological attack on China. It's time to give up on politely dancing around the truth. This is the Wuhan lab virus. The lab is less than a mile from the market that was initially blamed, and has been creating new coronaviruses for at least the past dozen years.

Here is China making a virus like this one, even acting on the ACE2 receptor and testing it in human cells, publishing it in early 2008:

https://jvi.asm.org/content/82/4/1899

Here they are again, years later, still playing with extremely hazardous coronaviruses that act on the ACE2 receptor in humans:

https://www.nature.com/articles/nature12711

I guess we should be thankful that they published the research. Maybe?
Most restaurants around here already had 1/4th of customers and almost never over 10 at a time sufficiently distanced away. It still provided workers to come in any way and get whatever minimum wage they can. I feel this move is boneheaded and is just a knee jerk reaction without actually knowing the above fact. Most folks working in restaurants don't even have a week worth of savings. They don't have investments or own homes. They still have to pay rents pretty soon. Governer is ignoring all of these to make an appearance that he is making swift aggressive action. He has made zero provisions for all of these people who will be on the verge of losing their roof. The least he could have done would be to mandate no evictions during these closures so the financial load is transferred to rich rent collectors and investors with sufficient fat as opposed to these poor people.
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Except we do not know that immunity from Covid is long-lasting. Based on similarity with other corona viruses one cannot expect that. It could be just few months.

The best hope that virus mutates to a milder form. But that requires the longest chain of transmission so the evolutionally pressure has chance to work. Increasing social distance is precisely what pushes the virus in that direction.
This is a corner of C I'm not familiar with, but does the standard say anything about functions that never return? If it doesn't say that implementations may assume functions return then that sounds more like a compiler bug than taking advantage of UB.
What data supports 0.1% - 0.5%?
Or you could look at Cambodia. A handful of cases despite very close contact with China (and no travel ban affecting China, whereas Taiwan has one). Comparing cases between countries is completely meaningless, because every country has its own testing regime.
Sorry to nitpick, I hope this isn't too annoying -- do you have an example of an implementation (platform, compiler, whatever) where this statement is true?

Some C compilers see it differently, because they think that since padding is not defined by the C standard they can do what ever they want even on platforms where it is defined.

I am genuinely interested to know of one like that.

It wouldn't be a very useful C99 compiler, because C99 says that it is OK to do this, and lots of C99 code does this. But I would like to know about the existence of an implementation like this for use as an example in the future when talking about this topic.
This seems pretty legitimate, thanks!
Chief medical adviser of the UK govt claims 0.6%.
How is this even remotely similar? H1N1 killed less people in Italy in a year than coronavirus killed in a single day.
Did you read the wikipedia article? The problem is not related to the virus being present in the vaccine- the vaccine caused a immune disorder that damages the nervous system.
Report if you think you have Covid-19
Does it look like a fact statement or opinion?
Once you're infected, would it matter if a sick healthcare worker treated you?

(Presumably uninfected patients with unrelated issues wouldn't want a sick healthcare worker, but that's not everyone.)
> we'll be far better prepared for the next epidemic

I agree. Being in California, it's a standing recommendation to maintain extra supplies in case of impact from wildfire or earthquake. So, I thought I was pretty well prepared. I already stock and rotate extra water, toilet paper, n95 masks, canned food, etc. But, I discovered some holes in my preparedness that I will rectify when the stores are back to normal supply levels -- I will be even better prepared for the next state of emergency.

I'm sure the preparedness will go wide and deep across many government and private organizations. At a minimum, I hope the CDC ensures there are plenty more ventilators ready for the next one.
That may or may not be true - there's no given that there is a better policy or that any of the policies that we have seen are a better policy. We won't know until next year at least - the final counting will take a while.
What? That is the worst case that governments are planning for / trying to avoid.
Here's a layman article from the University of New South Wales, Australia: https://newsroom.unsw.edu.au/news/science-tech/engineers-cra...

Quotes:

> “Performing magnetic resonance is like trying to move a particular ball on a billiard table by lifting and shaking the whole table,” he says. “We'll move the intended ball, but we'll also move all the others.

> “The breakthrough of electric resonance is like being handed an actual billiards stick to hit the ball exactly where you want it.”

This could allow much more compact MRI scanners, vast improvements in quantum computing, chemistry or mining, and of course to design fundamentally new science experiments.

> “This landmark result will open up a treasure trove of discoveries and applications,” says Professor Morello. “The system we created has enough complexity to study how the classical world we experience every day emerges from the quantum realm. Moreover, we can use its quantum complexity to build sensors of electromagnetic fields with vastly improved sensitivity. And all this, in a simple electronic device made in silicon, controlled with small voltages applied to a metal electrode.”

If you don't know about NER (Nuclear Electric Resonance), take comfort in knowing that Pr. Morello did not either. We're “rediscovering” this rather dead field. What a fantastic serendipitous discovery, isn't it?
Tweets thankfully deleted by twitter.
There are 2 things happening at once that seem to be causing a rift in online discussions:

1. It seems like people are severely underrating the flu and always have been. Remember when we closed all restaurants and bars and suspended all sports events when the flu killed an estimated 1 million people in 1968-1969? No you don’t because society seemed to have shrugged that one off. Ditto for many years when the flu kills upwards of 600k worldwide [1]
2. The reported CFR (Case Fatality Rates) across different countries is all over the place causing a lot of panic and overstated mortality rates. Countries like Italy report almost 7% whereas in Germany and South Korea, the CFR makes Covid-19 look like no big deal (Closer to 0.1%). I suspect that’s because Italy is well under counting the true denominator, while countries like SK have tested thousands of people per day making their data much more comprehensive.

There’s something unique about this year’s outbreak that seems to resonate deeply with more people. Ultimately it’s definitely not “just the flu” but it’s closer to that then a guaranteed death sentence.

We may see more damage from the secondary effects (people losing jobs, runs on medicine and supplies causing people to die) than from the virus itself.

[1] https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Influenza_A_virus_subtype_H3...
[2] https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:2019%E2%80%9320_cor...
> Some compilers have a (non standard) keyword to indicate that a function will not return

The _NoReturn keyword was added in C11, standardising it. You can also get the now-standardised noreturn macro from stdnoreturn.h under C11, to maintain that compiler syntax.
2% or above is only reached in populations that are tested sparsely. In countries that test more like South Korea and Germany* the death rate is much lower, because more infection cases are known. Italy's death rate is currently so high because only severe cases have been tested, because of limited test availability. The death rate will trend lower when more tests are performed. Germany currently has ~6000 infected and 13 death.

* even in Germany you are (at least till very recently) only tested if you show symptoms AND have been in contact with an infected person or have been to a heavily hit region).
Agree, but that is not the takeaway people will take.

"See, told you, just a bad flu." would be the expected response.
> The only way to definitively get one interpretation over the other is for the standard to change that wording to say so.

No. If the interpretation of the standard results in a behavior that makes the result obviously worse, nobody should favor such an interpretation.

Even if the behavior is "undefined" as per standard, that doesn't mean that any compiler should "define" its own interpretation and implementation in a way to make every resulting program worse.

They obviously "can" and obviously are already doing this, but even that doesn't make such an approach good or desired by any user of that compiler.
Enum vs. Sealed class – which one to choose?
Open source vulnerabilities up almost 50% thanks to people looking for them
In countries having overwhelmed healthcare systems, most recently: Italy, the rate is much higher than the 3.4% estimated by the WHO. It’s still too early to say what the actual figure will turn out to be in Italy, but 6% was the raw result from 13 March.
https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/26/6/20-0320_article

"The case-fatality risks, when adjusted for a 13-day lag time from reporting to death, were 3.5% in China; 0.8% in China, excluding Hubei Province; 4.2% in the group of 82 countries, territories, and areas; and 0.6% for the cruise ship (Table). Our result for China, excluding Hubei Province, is similar to a previous estimate of 0.9% (95% CI 0.6% - 1.3%) by using a time-delay adjusted case-fatality risk for the same area"

This is the only research data I could find. Do have other data? I have multiple sources citing the WHO estimating 3.5%, but I was unable to find any first hand material from the WHO that said 3.5%.

The information above - from the CDC, which I consider to be biased and underplaying the situation - has 0.6% as the lowest number, and 4.2% as the highest number.

But honestly none of the data I just went digging through felt comfortable.

Another thing to remember is that the case-fatality-rates we are seeing in most areas are because the hospital infrastructure can keep up with the number of infections. If the US gets over 1 million infections, the hospitals will not be able to keep up and mortality rates will spike significantly.
If you want massive parallel remote script execution, none beat gnu parallel or xargs + "ssh user@host bash < yourscript.sh".

All of cofiguration management tools( ansible, puppet, chef, salt etc ..) are bloated.

We already have FINE SHELL. Why do we need crappy ugly DSL or weird yaml ??

These days, Newbies write ansible playbooks without even basic unix shell & commands knowledge. What the hell?

I like ssh + pure posix shell approach like

Show HN: Posixcube, a shell script automation framework alternative to Ansible https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=13378852
The problem is the compiler cannot prove UB actually happens.

The point of these "use UB to optimize" approaches isn't to screw over simple programs with bugs. It's to better optimize larger, correct programs where higher levels of logic that the compiler is unaware of ensure UB never happens.
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Approaching One Driver Overhead: Making Direct3D Games Faster in Wine (2018)
the damage to the economy and to the human population is PROVABLY better if you flatten the curve.

https://qz.com/1816060/a-chart-of-the-1918-spanish-flu-shows...
Some drives try to interpret the fat free list (list of unallocated sectors), and try to erase them ahead of time for fast writes later.

If you reformat the disk and the partition alignment changes or the freelist moves, they'll randomly erase the wrong sectors of your data.
> ... for the sake of humanity.

Considering the actions of the US government in Germany, and most probably the actions of other governments, I'd say for the sake of national interests, not humanity.

I'd be happy to be proven wrong, though: When a vaccine is found I'm sure the government/company behind it will make available to the world for free...
Well if you triage patients and ventilate people much more likely to survive, that's what the numbers might end up being
Not the OP and not doubting your numbers but to me that was also surprising. When I remember Berlin I think of streets like this:

https://i.pinimg.com/originals/7e/5e/70/7e5e7045c4443f645731...

when I think of Toronto I think more of this:

https://imgur.com/xB702UU

In German cities in my experience treets often seem more imposing or covering more space, maybe that's the difference as North American streets are much wider.
How to Define a Composite Primary Key via IdClass
Yes, the public does what it wants to do with the information.

And currently a large part of the public thinks it is a regular flu. So showing them an example of something else that was scary that didn't amount to anything (compared to what we are risking now) is helping exactly how?
Numbers from Switzerland, South Korea, Germany... countries that test more people tend to have lower numbers because not only the severe cases are found.
They already have long queues and black markets without these laws, what are you even talking about?

I can't literally hear anymore this delusion that the unrestricted market will fix everything. It is not true, for a simple reason: limited supply and logistic limitations. You just can't let people hoard goods with limited supply. This is true especially when we talk about vital goods. Every single case shows us that intervention is necessary to prevent hoarding.
Because the description in this thread is a mischaracterisation of what the approach has been
Nothing. But people don't tend to make that connection. It is obvious that they haven't so far.
What I believe unique about this year's outbreak is that it is the first "social" pandemic; where in everyone is connected to a nonstop stream of both information and misinformation regarding its development.
It was done to great effect in Australia during the GFC, and the fact it was done early is a contributing factor to its success allowing us to ride it out with minimal downside. So hardly a last resort.

The current government is considering doing it again too as you say. Though of course, since they were in opposition last time they've spent the last decade saying how it was such a terrible idea last time.

https://www.theguardian.com/business/commentisfree/2020/mar/...
Best Practices for Production Grade Scheduled Jobs
Curing polio wouldn't be fair to everyone who already died of polio.
And if the mortality rates (from Italy) are fundamentally wrong/misleading?
It could be for a example a 4gb SD card formatted as 32gb. Which is fine if you only use 300mb like he did.
Yeah, and they should wash my dishes as well. I mean is it really free if I still have to do domestic chores afterwards?
Interesting analogy. Do you know where I can read up on the history of many to many mass broadcasting and the issues of broadcast overload?
Show HN: Easy setup for movie nights under social distancing rules
He's way off, he's a Republican and more cases = better for them, because that means this has a CFR of < 1%... my guess would maybe be more like 100-1k, but that doubles in 6 days to 200-2k, then 300-3k...etc... in 20 days it could be 100k though.. but the hospital's would be extended beyond belief, and I haven't heard reports of that yet.
Show HN: CSV Guillotine: Removes metadata above the header in CSVs
https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=22584947
Those tested represent a tiny fraction of those likely infected.
It could be because conditions change too rapidly. Whatever you are buying and selling this week, it might be different next week.

I know someone who sells a lot of stuff on amazon. It's mostly books, but they do a little retail arbitrage type stuff too. Sometimes it can be as simple as a store in their area having bought too much of something, so they put it on sale, whereas a store in someone else's area didn't, so there's the price difference. Or it can be a discontinued product that is still in demand but stores in one city have extra whereas stores in another city are out.

The whole point of arbitrage is that you identify and exploit price imbalances. But imbalances tend to balance themselves out eventually, so it's often a temporary situation.
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/laninf/article/PIIS1473-3...

So our best sets of data are the WHO analysis of Wuhan which puts it at 5.6%. And the diamond princess which gives us a 1% fatality rate. But here's the big catch, those infected on the Diamond Princess got all of the medical care they needed.

And the issue is once our healthcare system gets overwhelmed the rate will shift from 1% up to the 5.6% (And Wuhan could have gotten much worse)
South Korea had a large proportion of young infected people:
https://medium.com/@andreasbackhausab/coronavirus-why-its-so...
tell that to the people riding the subway...or lining up at the bars.
I can speak about Italy right now:
we should (they are still debating) froze employment tax, consider that as an employer for each 1$ i give to my employee I pay roughly 0.60/0.80 in tax, this means i am cutting my costs of 60/80%.
We have frozen any mortgage or installment for business and individuals. Obviously this would not be a long term procedure but even if it holds for 5-6 months this gives a lot of possibility to invest.

About rent i can give you my experience: Most landlords here are boomers who don't need rent money so they prefer to keep prices high rather than rent for lower fares.
I am confident those boomers will start panicking and lower rent.
I worry that headlines like this will lead to complacency amongst certain parts of the population.

They'll think a vaccine will be here soon.

I imagine their thought processes would be like: what's the big deal with this virus, why do we need to mess up the economy by social distancing, if we're going to have a vaccine quite soon?
This somewhat defeats the purpose of a classic kickstarter, which is to 'kickstart' the commercial production of something.

The platform is of course used for many different sorts of project.
Why? When you have aggressive testing everywhere, eliminating the virus seems quite possible. Moreover, when you move slowly to reopen and test aggressively, you can detect any reappearance and squash it.

A variety of the world's diseases are controlled by testing and surveillance, not by cures - TB, for example.
If you're wanting a lot of people to use your solution as you described, recognition of who is speaking could add a lot of extra possibilities.
Show HN: Find warm holiday destinations by filtering on temperature
American response: https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/15/world/europe/cornonavirus...
Interesting, but to truly track similar to Italy wouldn't we need higher numbers being we're a much larger populous? Just curious.
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