skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Sorry to start popping up on all of your threads!

Your points are really good here, and writing code that runs faster and finding a solution yourself faster are clear wins for a language. I think the value of those wins is subjective, though.

If you need speed of execution, or if you're working in a green-field scenario and need to get your work done super fast, your wins are the most valuable ones.

But for example, if you work on a CRUD application that handles edge cases for specific customers that someone wrote 11 years ago when you used a different ORM but that still matter today, concision and execution speed aren't really the triumphal traits of the code. Clarity to others who may not be as well-versed as I am is the key thing I care about.

Does Javascript, or Python, or whatever else achieve that? Gosh, I don't know. But I'm scared of thinking about k as a total novice, so... I think they win against it up to some point. Maybe the level at which I'd know enough k to not be bothered by it is low enough that this doesn't matter, but ... it's still scary!

If I feel that way, why would I choose to use it knowing that I'd need to find the rare someone who overcame that fear, just to work on my CRUD app? This isn't k's fault, but k is not the right choice here, and so k has lost on this attribute of approachability, which is "readability for novices", and is the most valuable for a huge number of people.
So you've been told to work from home because of a virus
The privacy loss random variable
COVID19 Data in the REPL
I mean, no. BlackBerry was a victim of having a terrible product going head to head with the iPhone. As a development platform it was garbage. I vividly remember the inaugural BlackBerry developer conference where one of the sessions devolved into a revolt. People had written apps for the iPhone and they were not pleased with the APIs on the BB. Every attendee at that conference was supposed to receive a 9000 but they shipped a year late. RIM needed no duopoly to kill them. They died of natural causes.
Sampling rates don't need to be powers of two. Usually used sampling rates are e.g. 22050 Hz or 44100 Hz. Maximum signal frequency is half of the sampling rate, and sampling higher frequencies cause aliasing if they're not cut off first. So, 8096 Hz can sample up to to 4048 Hz without aliasing. If their cut-off filter is at 4000Hz, they're on the safe side by sampling a bit more, because the filter isn't perfect.
Here's a nice video summing up the story

https://youtu.be/zR0M7KjnJTE
This is definitely a concern. Having to undo so much of the wiring could introduce the risk of some of the insulator breaking on other wires, or accidental damage or something else.

But the FAA would definitely weigh this against the possible issues of high-voltage wires running in the same bundle as control wires.
Midwest farmers face a crisis. Hundreds are dying by suicide
Don't run untrusted code
Posthumous essay on the age of AI from philosopher Ken Taylor
Layers of abstractions are useful though, they allow you to concentrate on what matters for the code in question.
Feeding an automated system (with authority to crash the plane) from a single sensor is also known to be wrong. Controls engineering has taught failure modes and redundancy since the '60s. That didn't stop Boeing.
it seems we're witnessing a strange situation, where a large part of society is going through the "5 stages of grief" collectively, not all at once but with individuals distributed across the stages.
The pearl predates the bold by several years.
There are many ways to get around the BB problem. Calculating activations and uncertainty is enough to deduce reason, and throw out risky choices that should be human reviewed.
I’m currently learning C myself and something that I realized is that often the hard part to learn is not C the language but the domain in which is being used.

For example, I’m trying to learn Linux drivers or embedded programming and I thought that I’d find in a C book information about registers and such, but registers don’t really belong to the C domain but to the hardware domain.

Thus, maybe find a way to clarify what you want to use C for and then learn those domain problems and how C solves them.
Rambus Develops HBM2E Controller and PHY: 3.2 Gbps, 1024-Bit Bus
question... i keep hearing people say that when you use something like react, you need to have some sort of ssr in order to do any sort of seo. is that really necessary since google and other search engine can parse out js nowadays?
Basically the argument is that ML would be able to get there easier.
Well, paper money is exactly this already.
The HN folks love Steve Jobs, who paid himself in backdated stock options[1] to get the long term cap gains discount, and took $1/year salary to avoid paying income and social security/payroll tax.

[1] https://www.cultofmac.com/443542/steve-jobs-apple-stock-back...
Stock trading halted for 15 minutes after the S&P 500 drops 7%
the basis of this algorithm is to rank the possible moves from the current position, then use that to choose a Huffman encoding. In essence, they use a very naive single-move-look ahead chess AI to quickly rank moves giving them a crude measure for how ‘surprising’ a particular move would be at that point in the game.

Interesting question: If you just generated the bit string that corresponded to taking the ‘most obvious move’ according to their heuristics, what game would that play out? In a way, that would be the ‘most obvious chess game’, or perhaps the ‘least creative chess game’...

In theory a more optimal version would be to use a more sophisticated AI to rank the next moves, and even to choose how aggressively to Huffman code the possible options.

In a sense this would measure the information content of a chess game (at least relative to the ‘knowledge’ of that AI) . I wonder what the variance in the number of bits needed to encode various games would tell you about the play style of different players, or the nature of the game, or even the relationship betweeen information theory and creativity....
I still remember that Samsung fridge that lasted 2 years. 1000€. Amazing.
Isambard 2 Is About Driving Technology Diversity
Ask HN: Is CSS in JavaScript worth it?
I've read dozens of articles where people compare different CSS in JS solutions, but very very few actually explain WHY you should switch to CSS in JS in favor of just plain old CSS.

I am doing a lot of frontend development with javascript and I am still not convinced that having my styles in the javascript is worth it.

I hope someone can explain me why, in their experience, switching to CSS in JS was a good decision.

I find that having a strict naming convention in your css classes you can go very very far, without the need of making your js bigger and more complex. And if your problem is that CSS doesn't have a local scope, there's fixes for that too.
It depends. Most of the tech industry facilitates real world business and real world tangibles.

If Coronavirus is here to stay and as a result World enters a long drawn economic slump, the tech industry is going to be hit hard as well.

Big tech companies will survive, but the disruption at human level may affect smaller companies or upcoming start ups adversely.

Stock markets crash may spook VCs and big investors enough for them to tighten their wallets.

Finding good talent will become harder because engineers with stable jobs will think twice before making a jump in such uncertain times.
>If the job of building a 22 knot, 25,000 ton ship capable of carrying 700 marines a couple of helicopters
and a couple of air cushion vehicles were put out for competitive bid to the the world shipyards, I am
quite confident the price would come in under 50 million dollars, quite possibly well-under. And the ships
would perform per spec.
>In some situations, the difference between what it should cost and what it did cost can be a factor of
30.

... And that's the end of the article. I'm not saying the author is wrong or makes any dubious claims, but I really wish he would have explored his alternative more thoroughly. It's quite an easy assertion to make, that US military acquisitions are rife with inefficiencies, but solving that problem is much harder.
> it should be on plans of the building

But it wasn't.
Optimizing HTML (2009)
PyDev of the Week: Tommy Falgout
In the 70's, in high school, I taught myself APL (mostly TOPS-10 APL SF and a bit of IBM APL SV) well enough to grasp the fundamental functional approach and write real programs (and the obligatory game of life in 1 line :-)) At the time I was also using PL/I and the difference was mind expanding.

I'm quite sure I don't have an 30 extra IQ points. Mostly I was just mildly obsessed (and these days I find persistence is a workable substitute).

It is incredibly valuable to have experience across the range of programming paradigms.
This is a technique worth talking/writing about a bit more.

Sometime ago, Jimmy Koppel also wrote somewhat extensively about defunctionalization and refunctionalization as "refactoring" techniques -

http://www.pathsensitive.com/2019/07/the-best-refactoring-yo...
I'd rather Janine ping me three times a year to change some string than deploy PHP with mysql.
I don't know but I don't think I want any part of it.
A compiler is a very foundational piece of software, where performance is important, you run it many times, often on large things. It should be written in a a language with a very high performance ceiling and quick start up time, imho.
There are so many reasons why I wouldn't have done this nowadays:

- Don't implement a feature

- Don't rely on a hack that could change

... in the end, it worked for him. Great write up indeed.
Under what chapter in international law is this lawful? Earnest question.
Great in spirit, but IMO it would feel like another mandatory "fun" activity, just another obligation. It's not something that can be implemented but something that evolves.

I think the key is to create lacunae in the office that allow the culture to form. Watercoolers or smoke breaks or 100% informal happy hour beers, etc. Once leadership makes it "a thing" it loses its dynamic.
Trading halted as U.S. stocks plummet
The Wikipedia article says that it was an airport vehicle.
We forget, with the advent of digital photography, how pivotal access to a darkroom used to be for all sorts of endeavours.

Facility for developing Black and White photos is not very complicated. Usually you just need an enlarger, some chemical tanks and a room with no light. If you want to do slides (rather than prints), and use the right film, it's even simpler as you just need to develop the film.
This is a strange way to define static. To me, a static site is one which doesn't make dynamic requests. Sure, it might load in static images (even static JavaSceipt!), but it would run fine if all resources were burned to a CD and loaded without networking.

A static site may be archived. It may be used with any browser at all. It will probably be useful even without a browser.
Open source Covid-19 data
The phone system has been mostly digital "forever." Pretty much by the 1990s, even if you had an analog copper phone line, it was digital by the time it made it to the switchboard.
Go was, by the author's own admission, a language for the lowest common denominator (the computer science undergrad). In many ways, the computer science undergrad is less competent than someone with no formal backing at all: it takes less time to teach a new skillset to a blank slate than repair the damage done to undergrads. Rob Pike's hobby is working on an APL interpreter.

C# was Microsoft's answer to Java after getting sued for cloning Java.

Rust is by C++ devs, for C++ devs.

Swift was Apple's successor to Objective-C.

Clojure is another language doing the "Lisp but with a bootstrapped ecosystem" thing, by a guy who had been active in the Java, .net, and CL communities.

All languages build on something, and when the mainstay languages are all ripping off ALGOL-60, ALGOL-60 clone after ALGOL-60 clone is what you will get.

Programming languages are just now starting to become influenced by Prolog despite the benefits of Prolog for certain tasks being apparent; the entire result of the field right now can roughly be traced entirely to UT Austin.

The point of the article was not to claim anything about the superiority of k programmers, it was to point out that the rest of the world was extremely close-minded to anything with different syntax in a comical way, along with demonstrating that a common criticism (of which there are many, 99% of which unfounded, as you can see by checking any thread on Hacker News that even briefly touches upon k or APL) was hypocritical, which I think it did a great job at.

It was a reference to the Kübler-Ross model, which does seem to apply to people who find APL/J/K at some point.
LLVM Clang 10 Can Build over 95% of the Debian Package Archive
Trading halted as markets plummet on coronavirus fears and oil price uncertainty
Top Technologies of 2020 That Will Rule the Immediate Future
That's a cool talk which I'd definitely recommend to people!

Is there something in particular that you'd like to see "a bit more"? Are you imagining e.g. a more extended walkthrough of how to realise the benefits of defunctionalisation on a real-life program, or some more theoretical background, or some of how it's used in compilers, or anything in particular?
nice! I haven't seen this expressed in functional programming, but it feels more natural in ML.

Is it possible to nest these computations?
Pogreb 0.9.0 released – Embedded key-value store for read-heavy workloads
Longer build times (Gentoo).
> Before we even get to the story, they're trying to draw you away to other content. Then we have a video and then we have a newsletter signup form. And an ad. Of course we have an advert. This is the modern web.

This the the modern newspaper. Newspapers have some of the most useless, hostile web sites out there. It’s one of the biggest reasons why they’re dying. They’re squandering their brands and public trust and actively driving readers away by providing a horrifically bad product.

The article makes it sound like this is just the way “the web” is these days, like there’s some force of nature compelling newspapers to build awful products. But there isn’t. They are choosing to build their businesses around advertising networks.

It’s not fair to the web to say newspaper sites are typical or the only option. Much of the web isn’t like that though. There are plenty of blogs and web apps that are a joy to use. And there are plenty of journalism businesses that succeed without ad network revenue - e.g. The Economist, the Athletic, Daring Fireball, Stratechery.
For what it's worth, there's a decent number of 'free-speech' instances out there. They tend to be populated by the sort of thick-skinned people who playfully call each other slurs, which you may or may not be into.
Accodring to these rough benchmarks, it's faster to use arrays rather than joins:

https://shon.github.io/2015/12/21/postgres_array_performance...

https://gist.github.com/joevandyk/031cf5812bd656887623

To search for a post with multiple tags, you need to do a join for each tag. You don't have that problem with arrays.
Or getting his head stolen during a drunken rivalry between UCL and Imperial
I don't think being different is a flaw, but people are drawn towards the familiar and what I'm pointing at is that this is the reason why gaining real traction beyond the dev community is so hard.
No, I’m sorry that your situation is the way it is, but the dysfunctional mindset here is the one that thinks that making friends is not normal. If you really think the way that your post describes, you should find a new job ASAP because it is absolutely not healthy to view such a large portion of your life that way.

Being laid off has nothing to do with friendship. As your post even says, you should separate personal from business. I know several people who were separated from places of work and still maintain strong bonds with their now-former coworkers. I personally left my company of 5 years on not-so-great terms and yet several of the people in my wedding party are coworkers from that job. Work is a great place to begin friendships, and just because you no longer work at the same company does not mean your friendship has to end. And that’s the way it should be.
Seeing how Clojure is actively used at places like Apple, Amazon, Atlassian, and even Walmart where software development isn't even their primary business, I think it's pretty safe to call it mainstream.
Simple loopholes in Facebook and PayPal helping victims lose millions in scam
I was around 3 y/o when Abscam went down. Now, however, I have a pretty good idea why Penn and Teller called their Bell Labs prank "lab scam". Thanks for that.

https://www.bell-labs.com/usr/dmr/www/labscam.html

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fxMKuv0A6z4
This was such a fun walk down nostalgia lane. The mountain of hacks both available and required on BlackBerry was incredible.

I worked at a startup that built a BlackBerry app in 2007. I wrote up my experience here: https://schlu.org/2014/05/29/Things-Are-Better.html
Keep in mind the vulnerability was in a 5 year old version of the protocol and has since been fixed, so the description of the protocol won't match what you're familiar with.

> In the attack by Eve, it is claimed that Eve recovers the account

The article says Eve "recover[s] the example.com domain". It should say request a certificate for example.com. I've mentioned this to the author.

> But this file is usually automatically deleted after the certificate renewal is completed.

Usually, but not always, and an attacker could always try to race the legitimate certificate request.

> It's not even clear from the explanation what Eve could do with this file.

Eve takes the signature and constructs her own ACME account key that produces the same signature as Alice's account key. Note though that the HTTP challenge wasn't practically exploitable because Eve would get a different token which wouldn't exist on Alice's server. The attack is better explained in terms of the DNS challenge, which was practically exploitable. You can find such explanations in my blog post (https://www.agwa.name/blog/post/duplicate_signature_key_sele...) or IETF post (https://mailarchive.ietf.org/arch/msg/acme/F71iz6qq1o_QPVhJC...).

> The whole security of the ACME protocol relies on the assumption that nobody except the owner of the domain name can return a special crafted data when `http://<domain>/.well-know/acme-challenge/<token>` is requested with the GET method. Cryptographic signatures aren't really needed here.

Exactly right! It's the point I made here: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=22524805 Fortunately, ACME stopped using signatures in challenges after I found this vulnerability.
Covidify – corona virus report generator (Python)
Elixir-Style Actors in Go
Mass grave reveals how Black Death impacted rural England
Kilowatts are also a multiplication of RPM and torque - one horsepower is 0.7457 kW, no RPM factor required. High-redline gas engines compared to diesels will have more kilowatts than torque regardless of which system of measurement you use.

You need low-speed torque with low fuel consumption to work at relatively high power output efficiently for long durations.
Isn't this strongly related to monads?
It's automated, 120 tons of food waste per day. See https://youtu.be/QX5MU_IrNZ4
Hi,

The attack described in the blog post dates from 2015. The ACME challenge protocol has been updated a few times since then. You are completely correct that signatures aren't really needed for the challenges, yet this was the initial design and it is a property of the signatures that leads to the described attack.

The trick of Andrew Ayer's attack is that the various challenges were just a particular signature under the account's public key, with the assumption that the signature uniquely identifies the public key (of the Let's Encrypt account) which controls the website. Unfortunately, this isn't true.

If you make a signature for some message and your public key. I can pick my own public key such that your signature verifies under my public key. This is maybe a little counter intuitive.

So when someone uploaded their challenge, an attacker could make a new public key and claim "hey, that challenge works under my public key!" and Let's Encrypt would then issue them with a certificate. Deleting the challenge after use would partially help, but in practice DNS is pretty slow to update and HTTP challenges might also be cached.

Disclosure: I'm an author on the paper linked in the latter half of the blog post.
> I've always wondered why the government doesn't try a payment-on-delivery model.

Because we're not talking about generic widgets here. It's the difference between buying a bespoke Saville Row suit and a 3-for-1 Suit Warehouse suit.

There are all sorts of off-the-shelf (OTS) designs for general use vessels like tugboats:

* https://ral.ca/designs/tugboats/

And there are some 'generic' designs for combat vessels:

* https://products.damen.com/en/clusters/combatants

But if you purchase a generic design, then you don't have an advantage of your (potential) opponent because they may also have purchased a generic design.

The US military specifically does not want a generic design (at least in some areas) because they want (perceived) advantage with more (supposedly) advanced design. And someone has to pay for the R&D on that advanced design.

Given that the only market for these boats is the USN, why should the builder pay for the R&D? It's their (only?) customer that's asking for this, and they can't use what they learn for any other designs (because of ITAR export restrictions).

When Ford is doing research for a new F-150 they can spread the R&D over millions of units getting economies of scale, but (e.g.) Bath Iron Works can't exactly amortize the fixed costs of the Zumwalt-class destroyer if their only customer, the USN, says they'll buy 32 but then only builds 3. Why should BIW be the ones to pay?

It's the reason why the F-22 and F-35 have different costs: the Raptor is a US-only plane that no one else can touch, the Lightning II is cheaper because it's available for export and gets economies of scale.
The engine actually only made 150hp, but luckily there were 2 of them.

Yes, they were certainly less efficient than modern engines. However, ICE engines have always had trade-offs between power output per size, mechanical efficiency and reliability, and for this vehicle the last one was certainly of most importance.
When I played X-Com, we had these different soldiers of different compositions. Everyone could do the same thing, fire a gun, be bait, throw a grenade, but some did some parts better than others. I ended up giving them names that reflect their roles, so that I'd be reminded where to put them.

I can imagine a company with three managers doing this - you'd have Project Manager Alice, Technical Manager Bob, Scrum Master Catherine. They might take the roles interchangeably, but it acts as a comment for senior management.
that's a great reference ... for Influenza A!

some diseases cause larger droplets, other smaller droplets...

I still look forward to a paper describing experimental measurement regarding SARS-COV-II

Also if anyone finds a paper that measured the UV doses (fluences) for N-Log reductions, I would be very happy to read it!
It’s hard to say that it feels like an overreaction by the market. This oil price war couldn’t have come at a worse time.