skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
While simple or naive TDMA is the most obvious solution to collision avoidance (every node gets a fixed-length turn), there are more efficient methods available. Typically this takes the form of some sort of "channel reservation" scheme where each node gets a turn not to transmit, but to report whether or not it wants to transmit (and perhaps how much). Then either a coordinating point or a distributed algorithm decides how to allocate transmission time to the nodes who want it. This is often called "dynamic TDMA" and is used in various real wireless networks. There are also tricks you can pull with CDMA, OFDMA, and other flavors of multiple access. I suspect there's some mathematical upper bound on the efficiency of these schemes but I'm not sure what it is.

As I understand it --- and this comes with the grain of salt that my detailed knowledge of network protocols tends to be out of historical interest and so intrinsically out of date --- WiFi does not use any collision avoidance tricks right now besides CSMA/CA which is only partially effective. There are plenty of papers you can find about improved systems but none of them seem to have been adopted, besides 802.11ax introducing OFDM and 'coloring' which mitigate but do not eliminate the problems with CSMA/CA. I only know a bit about this stuff but I think the hidden node problem makes collision avoidance fundamentally difficult and is very common for WiFi due to the short range and buildings interiors etc - which is why non-collision schemes like TDMA are used with WiFi, but generally only in more specialized situations where the network operator controls everything and can make certain guarantees about all devices being aware of each other.

So when I think about it more, saying that 'collision avoidance is strictly better than collision detection' is probably actually untrue in a situation where you have to cope with hidden nodes. At least that's my non-expert thinking.
Congratulations on being rich and somehow dumb enough to think you can time the market while also believing that dollar cost averaging is a good strategy. If you are so sure you know where the bottoms are, just buy them. Don't waste your time with DCA.
Really it's just saying "the market is now closed". But you can still sell those securities on other markets or direct to someone who wants to buy or sell.
See my other response to a similar comment - I will edit the original.
As I understand GP: L1 and L2 can each fire only once per day. So if you hit L1, and after a brief rebound the market still goes down, you'll hit L2. If after that it still keeps falling, it'll get stuck at L3.
We hit 7% earlier today. If we hit 7% again today, nothing will happen. If we hit 13% we hit L2.
Cruise ships are cookie-cutter designs relative to military ships due to...more ships per class (model)? Lack of armament?

They are still made of steel, are welded/riveted together in modules, and must be watertight. Is the knowledge of how to properly weld a hull-section for a commercial ship utterly nontransferable to military work?
In large part these are designed to break the feedback loops that can happen in automated high frequency trading and give humans a chance to look at things. These policies were implemented by all the stock exchanges after flash crashes triggered by ML algorithms encountering something "weird" and going into hard sell mode.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flash_crash
L1 hit today and there was a 15 minute halt this morning. If the S&P continues to plunge and hit -13% during today, there will be another 15 minute halt.
We just had this thread about the plunge/halt. Merge?

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=22525238
Oil dropping because an opec monopoly explodes is good news for most of the economy (outside of oil industries obviously). But a drop in crude because of demand is bad for everybody.
When all of your non-trader friends are buying, it's not the time to buy.
I listed some simple actions that many people can do. They're not 'panic'; they're a rational response to something that spreads between people: stay away from other people as much as possible.
Do you have a reference for that? I have seen the claim posted multiple times, but never any proof.
In a world with zero-to-negative interest rates, unlimited margin available for the big players and a generation
of boomers sold on the idea that stock appreciation (not dividends) is going to fund their retirement, what's the value of any company? Who knows?

Until dividends are tax advantaged vs. capital gains, the insanity will continue. Leverage, huge risks and various shades of fraud, rather than responsible business stewardship will continue to dominate the financial system.
> But the criminals who opened the fake accounts were overworked low-level staffers

At who's direction? How does low-level staffer at WF#1167 know low-level staffer at WF#2826 2200 miles away? When would they share the information that this is how you up your numbers? Upper management had to know. They had to have encouraged this.
For context, you are being downvoted for saying the quiet part loudly.
As someone who has had to shop for health insurance before, how am I supposed to just "buy any insurance I want"? On the private market? That doesn't work for a lot of people. For example, a person who is already pregnant will not be able to simply buy health insurance, because nobody sells it.
Why was or is the market in need of a correction? What is your evidence for that statement?
It's only a 15 minute halt. So if you hit 7% and trigger L1, trading is halted for 15 minutes, but then it resumes. If it drops down to 13% another 15 minute trigger happens.

But each of the L1 or L2 can only occur in a single day, not one or the other. You can hit L1, and then later hit L2, but you can't hit L1 twice.

Does that help clear things up?
They are great and considering the topic should be quite interesting for Europeans and Americans alike.
It seems Mr. Market doesn't get to visit as freely or stay as long as he likes sometimes.
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I suppose it will popularise remote work in medium and large software companies. I hear that many companies advise their employees to switch to home office, in order to reduce the chance of infection by physical contact. I think we will see more and more employers who will be more accepting of remote work
Why would they not be allowed to manage their platform in this way? I'd be surprised if they were unable to.
All you need to correctly pick the bottom and peak of a year is 365 people. 366 in leap years.
Ask HN: How are you preparing yourself for a recession?
We know the recession is going to happen sooner or later. Are you concerned about this effecting your profession. How are you preparing yourself personally, professionally and financially.
> if i have to sharpen my knives twice a month, then i am not going to be happy. that's just to much effort. i want knives to be durable and ready to take any abuse.

I find that frequent sharpening means that:

1. I can have very inexpensive knives and keep them quite sharp.

2. Keep the sharpening time pretty low ~ 30-60 sec.

3. Maintain my knife sharpening skills.

I can definitely understand why people would want to sharpen less often, particularly if they frequently steel their knives.
There's a colorful term for this: "catching falling knives".
>This says nothing about the number of human users.

It obviously does because people are using these libraries in their projects. As I noted, it's an indirect measure, but it still gives an idea of the usage. And Open Collective was just announced last month, so not sure what point you were trying to make there. Wonder why you didn't mention anything about Clojurists Together, doesn't fit your narrative? https://www.clojuriststogether.org/members/
Ask HN: SARS-CoV-2: current daily life scenario
Your goal is to get to the store, buy sour cream and come back to your computer, SARS-CoV-2 free.

Move 1: You open the door, it's contaminated, SARS-CoV-2 is on your right hand now.

Move 2: You take the sour cream, it just spread to the sour cream jar.

Move 3: You reach the pocket for wallet, now it's on your wallet too.

Move 4: You take the credit card, boom, your card.

Move 5: You come home, take out the keys, unlock and enter.

Move 6: Your move!

Bonus points:
- add bananas to your purchase
- add fresh bread to your purchase

Bonus question: What today's tech could help prevent the spread? (ex. automatic doors would stop this in Move 1, assuming nothing else in the store is contaminated)
Protocol MyDelegate: class {} is deprecated
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Would you care to elaborate? I would argue that guard rails and controlled falls are in opposition to actual free market. The qualifier 'completely' seems misplaced.
You may or may not be drawing the correct conclusion, but your reasoning is still wrong.

We should expect a 50% reduction (which is what I expect you mean by 2x) in homelessness to be implied by the money covering 2x the people you cited only if we expect the rate of homelessness to have otherwise remained unchanged. That's a terrible assumption over a period that has seen housing prices rise dramatically.

Taking a quick look for some numbers before I get to work, I find that (per [0]) there are "over 20,000" receiving support in San Francisco alone, where there are (per [1]) about 8000 individuals remaining homeless. I have no idea how those compare to the rest of the state, and would welcome more info from other sources.

[0]: https://sfmohcd.org/sites/default/files/Documents/MOH/SF%20H...

[1]: https://sfgov.org/scorecards/safety-net/homeless-population
No need for any worms. Just stack stuff on the soil.

There is nothing else to do, it works by itself.
My first reaction was to think "gosh that's a bit racist". Then I remembered that people of African or Indian origin are more susceptible to sickle cell anaemia [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sickle_cell_disease#Epidemiolo...], so perhaps it's not after all. I have zero medical expertise in any area, so I have no idea, but I don't think it's without merit as a question. I appreciate it could be used as a stick by racist people, though.
“A mass gathering to innovate your way out of an infectious disease outbreak”
In what way is this incompetent? They can only update when the data is confirmed. Once daily seems reasonable to me.
When there's a major ongoing story, HN gets flooded with submissions about it, the majority of which just hammer on the same nail and add little that is new or interesting. During such waves, moderators downweight follow-up submissions unless they contain significant new information [1]. If we didn't, the front page would consist of stories about this one theme. Worse, that would accelerate the problem, since once they saw this, people would start submitting even more stories about that one theme. (There's a CS term for this situation—I want to say thundering herd, but is that accurate?)

We hit on this strategy after the Great Snowden Storm of 2013 [2], when many users justly complained that HN was overrun with stories that, though not strictly dupes, were filling the front page with dupiness. It has since proven itself through many epidemics, no pun intended.

You can also derive it from first principles. The thing we're optimizing for is intellectual curiosity [3]. Curiosity withers under repetition [4], so the most important thing for HN to avoid is being predictable. To a first approximation, you can say that HN is ok to the degree that it's unpredictable. But since a page of random numbers would do that even better, it's more precise to say that it needs the right balance of familiarity and unpredictability.

[1] https://hn.algolia.com/?dateRange=all&page=0&prefix=false&qu...

[2] https://hn.algolia.com/?dateRange=all&page=0&prefix=false&qu...

[3] https://hn.algolia.com/?dateRange=all&page=0&prefix=true&que...

[4] https://hn.algolia.com/?dateRange=all&page=0&prefix=true&que... and https://hn.algolia.com/?dateRange=all&page=0&prefix=true&que...
Here's another chart I built: https://observablehq.com/@neelance/corvid-19-trends
(Yes, typo in the url, can't change it...)
I think there's probably an aspect of wishful thinking, and I certainly wouldn't say that there's anything like general confidence in the idea. Actually, I've only heard this stated as fact by politicians and similar; experts are mostly WAY more cautious about it.
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> neither L1 nor L2 can trigger twice in a day

This phrasing makes sense. Thanks!
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And so Twitter looks set to enter its fifth full year without a full time CEO.
it is because the warmer weather is what stopped SARS-COV in 2002 from spreading this far. the western world was lucky in that ignoring it the first time was an okay strategy. SARS-COV-2 is making its way around the globe right now and hopefully has the same limitations or this may get out of control. ignoring is the most dangerous option at this point. please watch this video by 3blue1brown https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kas0tIxDvrg a math professor in the US about the situation.
I have a pessimistic view on Apple and Macs based on how this product line has been neglected for years (and continues to be neglected: one case in point is the iMac Pro which is three years old with no updates). It seems like the focus is on "iOSifying" the entire ecosystem (overall, Apple hasn't done much, or what was expected/possible, on the Mac over the past several years anyway).

Due to that pessimism, I'd expect the first ARM based Macs that are released publicly to run inferior Apple software (this is already evident with the Apple apps in the last few years). Many things will be further crippled and lobotomized with even more sandboxing restrictions, and likely no longer resemble what a "Mac app" has meant for a very long time. There have been signs of the "non-nativeness" with the Catalyst apps. Perhaps the Finder would be thrown out in favor of a Files app ported from iOS/iPadOS. What about browser rendering engines? Would third party ones be disallowed, like they are on iOS/iPadOS/tvOS? Safari on Mac has already removed support for WebExtensions last year, leaving users who have more than casual browsing requirements to switch to Firefox (or Brave or Chrome or other browsers). With battery life, thinness and lightweight laptops considered very important by Apple, there could be many things getting axed on the new ARM Macs. Perhaps, the very first ARM based Mac would actually be a new iPad with an integrated keyboard and trackpad.

The article talks about splitting the Mac line, which certainly seems to be a practical possibility. Would we then have macOS that runs on the ARM MacBook, Mac mini and iMac lines and another macOS Pro that would continue to run on the x64 Mac Pro for a much longer time? The stage is already being set to encourage developers to build iOS/iPadOS apps and have them sold as a single bundle on Mac. It's just a matter of pushing them further with the "promise" of a single build running on all platforms (thanks, Catalyst).

Just a crazy thought on emulation of x64 apps: would Apple embrace a "streaming app" emulation, similar to game streaming services where any necessary heavy lifting is done on the server side, with the local ARM processors just handling the minimal (pre-computed) rendering and I/O?
> I get GPL and fully appreciate its philosophy

No, you clearly don't.
Hi I'm Hugo, we are a team of 2 and recently released a desktop version of the text-to-diagram generation tool. The web editor will always be free (https://diagram.codes). The desktop version has support for color themes, local files and is part of our plan to make development sustainable.

Feedback from the HN community has been very helpful to improve the beta release.

Thanks

Hugo.
>I might explain this concept to OOP-minded programmers like this:

Sometimes, you can improve your code by having it return a description of what to do, rather than doing the thing directly.

...which requires you to turn functions into data structures and then interpret those.

Meanwhile, in OOP land you have objects, which can be seen as self-interpreting data structures.
It's not good for our emissions budgets either, but I guess we can worry about it after the coronavirus mess is behind us.
> spreading like wildfire

> stretched to the breaking point

If you don't want people to panic, maybe you should avoid this rhetoric?
A couple of things wrong with this:

1) you make it sound like scaling a system, especially one doing lots of financial transactions, is trivial. Just because you can get access to nearly unlimited computing resources doesn’t mean everything just magically scales infinitely.

2) why should heads in engineering roll? Do you know it was incompetence on their part? Do you even know what the issue is? How did you diagnose the fundamental issue here without any further info?

I’d hate to do a post mortem with you. Sounds like you’ll be basically calling people involved idiots and for them to be fired.
I don't think it's so hard to understand why users would flag that. The title is baity, and the top subthread is a generic discussion about the virtues of Canada.
No one has mentioned him in The Exorcist yet, so I do
One view of the circuit breakers that Matt Levine just discussed this morning is that they help to avoid price drop due to liquidity issues. That is, algorithmic trading aside, many trades are still done by human beings who may not be paying rapt attention when a crash happens. The 15-minute pause gives them time to find out that something is up, at which point they may choose to start buying at the depressed prices, which will stabilize things. This also makes sense with the fact that the L1 and L2 breakers only trigger once each, once an L2 breaker has triggered everyone will probably be paying close attention to what's going on traders simply not being at their desks will become less of an issue.
Agreed, by the way in what concerns Java, ARM support is doing just fine.
This is an accurate description of the situation in several areas in Italy.
Alan Perlis is a Turing Award-winner who helped to standardize the most influential language of all time, ALGOL, of which Go, Python, C and most languages originate. In many respects, he was closer to a Go programmer than a Haskell programmer.

Haskell's symbols aren't notation, they're just scribbles. Miranda is a better comparison, but Miranda too doesn't lean hard enough.

Ken Iverson literally developed APL as a way to give better lectures at Harvard. It was a verbal and handwritten language long before it was typed. It excels at it, because it was designed for it.
I think he's jaded now. With Solomon, he was mad, now I think he sees dealing with fraud as just another cost of dealing with the finance industry.
News of the Coronavirus coming to the US seems to be following a wave of flu like diseases that have hit my family. Everyone I know seems to be sick with some creeping crud. I think it's going to be REALLY hard to identify actual cases of Coronavirus while everyone is sick with some Flu or Cold.
This sounds like something we should teach the algorithms.
The most interesting bit of misinformation that I've seen develop is the claim that N95 masks do not help when you are in public, despite the fact that they factually do help. The chain of events:

1. Concerns arise that respirator inventories will be depleted, leaving few or none available for medical personel. Media outlets spread this news.

2a. Thorough and factual news outlets spread the news that respirators have some effectiveness but are not a silver bullet. They may be used among other preventative measures. They talk about the differences between levels of effectiveness of dust masks and respirators.

2b. Sloppy outlets, and the ones more interested in helping the greater good (preventing hording), start lying, claiming that the dust masks do not work and respirators do not work. They often conflate the two. They go to the effort to shame hoarders and praise other people who practice washing and sanitizing hands, not touching your face, etc.

It's been fun and terrifying to watch. News outlets do not have an interest in giving a nuanced message. They are willing to lie if they think it helps. It's a good case study of when you should explicitly not trust a claim made by the media.

Meanwhile, I have a stack of 20 N95 respirators I bought for woodworking a year ago that I've been offering to friends and family. I've had no takers yet.
> Why invest in the development of such a high-end chip for Mac Pro’s low volume?

- Control of the whole stack (Apple's stated M.O.)

- Consistent architecture across all their product lines

- If it's roughly twice as energy efficient, as claimed, the floor-standing heat sink known as the Mac Pro could potentially be smaller and lighter again (or they could keep the case the same and increase internal expansion, as they did when they switched the cheesegrater from G5 to Xeon, or they could double the core count with the same cooling)

- Depending on how much cheaper it would be, you could put the same CPU into less expensive Macs (high-core-count-Xeon-level performance in an iMac or Mini would be quite compelling)

How much difference is there in architecture between a Xeon-level chip and an i3-level chip? I assumed most of the added cost of a Xeon was market segmentation, so if you had another way to do that (e.g., by only selling CPUs in complete systems), you'd be able to increase performance on the low end without losing money.
Valuations were continuing to rise parabolically despite slowing earnings and growing debt.
Bloomberg has view limits now?
https://outline.com/7grdK6
Unfortunately the current system doesn’t exactly work in real time (sometimes it can take a while for a receipt to appear in the app) but I don’t think that’s a fundamental limitation. I also don’t think this is a major concern though; so long as there’s still price tags (which there are) and it’s easy to dispute mistakes in the app I don’t think most people will really have a problem with it.
At this point every time something positive happens in the market:

"It needs a correction"

Everytime something negative happens:

"It's just a cycle"

Maybe we don't have the best economic system where instability is built into its core & foundation?
I tried to quote a classic French movie but the comedy may have been lost in translation. Anyway, if you don't want to sound racist, you can say ethnicity or ethnic group.
Really? I've been consistently amazed with Amazon's web UI. It works perfectly no matter if you have javascript on or off, no matter what browser. I bet I could order in lynx if I wanted to. Almost no other large site does it as well.
And yet, every single customer will be convinced that they lost money by being blocked.
If they saturate Twitter with ads I think we could see a new twitter, small team, simple basic ads to pay salaries and keep the app running smooth.

Same with Google Search, someone could just create Classic Search, what Google used to be, a few simple ads and relevant search results.

I think there is an opportunity for new companies to get back to basics (minimal ads + privacy) with lots of sites/services we used to love but have turned in to screens full of ads and selling user data.
Rather than browsers arbitrarily only trusting certain lengths of certs, of much greater concern to me is the number of root CAs trusted by every major browser, some of which are companies under the control of authoritarian states (Turkey, China).

Go take a look at how many CAs your browser trusts, and tell me with a straight face that you absolutely trust every one of those CAs to always do the right thing.

Certificate issuance transparency helps, but doesn't get rid of the fundamental issue.
Once per day 15 minutes, once per week a couple hours. The rest of the time I get up and go to work.