skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Gain of function describes a mutation in COVID-19 that causes it to do something new. This is different from most mutations, which are loss of function, causing it to stop doing something old.

The gain of function mutation is a cleavage site, which means that a new protein can be created, which could have some new activity. This cleavage site looks like a Furin cleavage site: Furin is associated with transporting proteins inside a cell, and thus with infection. So a drug targeting the Furin pathway may block the effect of this gain of function mutation, and make COVID-19 less infections to those taking it.
The issue I have with that is that if everything is done by the backup server, it has the ability to both create and destroy (prune) datasets (snapshots), which means it has the ability to erase all of the data and all of the backups.

One thing I like about Sanoid/Syncoid is that if you set up Sanoid on both sides and use Syncoid to pull, the backup server only requires the ability to send snapshots (which you can configure with "zfs allow"). The backup server also doesn't require root in this case. This means neither server can delete the other's data.

And you still get all the automatic snapshot creation (done on the primary server) and pruning (done on both servers).
I know the Russian government is pushing a covid-19 conspiracies. Plus Iranian govt somewhat too
The browser is unusable on Twitch or YouTube. It is so slow. It also starts lagging my 2700x CPU, which is insane. As always performance is an issue with Firefox and always will be
The worst part of being a software developer, is being around other software developers. Seriously, the most know-it-alls ever.
Unfortunately the process to move money from a 401k to an IRA (and moving money in general in he US) isn't great. In many instances the check is sent to the individual who then needs to send it to the receiving institution.

I've also read that upon receiving the money, brokerages don't always show it to the end user right away, using it on their end for a few days (and at scale, that matters).

Fair point regarding the 401k match - but are they issuing new stock to complete the match? I haven't looked at how a match with company stock is funded before, but intuitively I'd think they'd issue new stock, diluting existing stock a tiny bit, but keeping the same overall company valuation.

As originally presented I saw the issue with your wife's 401k and padding the stock price as part of the same issue.
While discussing outbreak with the guy who works in computational biology, he told me a simple idea: most engineered bio-weapons are not as successful as normal viruses because viruses go through massive parallel evolution process constantly, and you can’t just engineer as effectively.
I've used LastPass. It was okay. I switched to Bitwarden, per numerous HN recommendations. Solid product. Great price.

My employer uses 1Password. I don't like it at all. Maybe it's because I don't understand how it thinks vs say BW, but should a PW manager require that much thought?
Jupiter is around 1/79 the mass of a red dwarf. So it’s only 1/79 better than empty space as a place to build your new star.
TD Ameritrade is pretty good, as is tastyworks. Interactive Brokers is great for price and execution, but their tooling is not wonderful. For options specifically, I would go with tastyworks.
I didn't mention "insurance against economic crashes" - there is a crash, and this has the effect of lots of payouts.

Some event may cause an economic crash, companies can have insurance against business disruption. If an event suddenly causes a lot of insured business disruption, that might mean a large total payout.
I don't think it's obvious at all that everyone will get it, especially now that so many people are practicing social distancing and handwashing and avoiding gatherings. Yes, there are still a lot of people going about their lives without worry, but it seems totally plausible to me that if some percentage of people behave more responsibly, it will decrease R0 to some number below 1.

I think using simple exponential numbers to predict future cases is too simplistic if we don't take into account how people's changing behavior will affect the spread.
A right to travel between states, sure. But a right to do so on a particular road? Roads are closed all the time.

As I understand it, the Italy "lockdown" isn't actually a case of "we will shoot you if you go there"; it's just making travel incredibly inconvenient. Given that we're probably too late for absolute containment, simply slowing the spread by 90% would be a huge gain, and might be possible through deliberately breaking the transport network.
User trust is already gone.
We're spinning out our visualisation from our Kubernetes learning platform (msb.com) into a standalone tool which can be deployed easily into any k8s cluster. I'm happy to answer any questions you might have
I think even more so when it's something you've bought before. "Alexa, buy more XYZ". I don't use assistants either (for I suspect the same reasons as you), but I assume Alexa would simply repurchase the same item you bought last time, regardless of price. In OP's case, that'd be a 10x markup.
Laws vary by jurisdiction. I recently learned about how it works in Saskatchewan, Canada: indie contractor guards pretty much don’t fit into our legislation. A company offering guard services must be licensed and bonded, and the guards themselves must be licensed. A guards license requires the applicant to pass a one-time exam, and their license is tied to a specific employer. If you’rea guards and want to change your employer, you have to reapply for a new license.

You could set up your own Corp and offer guards services, and in that case it would be pretty clear that you’re a contractor (you’ve put up your own bond and registered your company with the province), but otherwise there’s not really any way to have a solo contractor guard.
Type the DOI into sci-hub.tw
Learning about the Ellsberg Paradox reduces ambiguity aversion
The UI is what keeps me
I used to be a fan of FF until chrome. I understand it's bad - but how about chromium?

Btw, I'm not against looking at FF again, but looking at this changelog and recent product direction, they honestly feel lost.
US internet bill seen as opening shot against end-to-end encryption
Great data teams build products
Skip the red light camera phase and just start redesigning the streets so they don't invite speeding and dangerous driving. No amount of enforcement is ever going to stop assholes. Making them feel like they might hurt THEMSELVES if they drive recklessly will.
Article is pretty light on information, especially with respect to Robinhood's actual tech stack.
Thought it might discuss their tech stack, but no mention of any technical details.
I did my Ph.D. work on the cerebellum and proposed a theoretical model of reinforcement learning and can add some context for why this is a "big deal".

First, it represents a fundamental shift in how the cerebellum learns. For a long time, it was thought that the cerebellum learned liked a perceptron neural network, i.e. that an error signal was computed and used to change the strength of synapses within the cerebellum to result in the correct output signal to guide motor control (and, we know now, cognitive control). In other words, the cerebellum was a supervised learning machine [1]. But how these error signals were actually computed using the neuronal circuitry was never made clear; most arguments centered around the microcircuitry of the inferior olive. In a perceptron, an error signal is the difference between the correct output and the predicted output. But how is the "correct output" supplied?

As far as I know the first to propose the cerebellum learned by reinforcement learning was the famed cerebellum researcher Richard Thompson [2]. Unfortunately, the idea was only vaguely sketched out the field didn't take this very seriously and continued on with the general belief that the cerebellum learned by supervised learning.

To me and my collaborator, Tadashi Yamazaki, it seemed a more natural signal that the nervous system could capably supply would be a graded reward signal. Moreover, this meant we could interpret the structure of the cerebellum within the theoretical frameworks of reinforcement learning such as the actor-critic framework [3,4]. This is the second reason these finding are a big deal: the paradigm shift to the cerebellum being a reinforcement learning machine, if correct, will be a boon for building better models of it. In the last few years there has been some impressive work done with reinforcement learning in artificial neural networks that could be applied to models of the cerebellum, especially within context of the brain at large.

[1] Doya, Kenji "What are the computations of the cerebellum, the basal ganglia and the cerebral cortex" (1999)
[2] Thompson, Richard "The nature of reinforcement in cerebellar learning" (1998).
[3] Lennon, William "Towards more biologically plausible computational models of the cerebellum with emphasis on the molecular layer interneurons" (2015)
[4] Yamazaki and Lennon "Revisiting a theory of cerebellar cortex" (2019)
New optical system could lead to devices that can recognize objects instantly
Coded In Silicon Valley (TM)
One begins with nothing. Specifically, the set containing nothing: {}. From there, we can describe a sequence of sets, each containing the previous one: {{}}, {{{}}}, {{{{}}}}, etc. These sets can then be associated with natural numbers, though arithmetic in this context becomes somewhat perverse.

1 := {}

2 := {{}}

...

n+1 := {n}

This is the simplest set-based description of the natural numbers that I know, and it's very unwieldy -- one might like to construct negative numbers and zero; describe algorihms to perform arithmetic, etc. But it's all quite manageable and a satisfying exercise if one takes the time.
Covid-19: how are you going to react?
Clever code is bad code. Always aim for simple, obvious code. Do you need kubernetes? Nope. 90% chance you don't.

You're right, they probably are having issues with some lasagna architecture right now.
Asking as a lay man, are you taking this as a preventive measure?
Working from Home Amid the Outbreak
I think people just have different ideas of what "quality time" is.

The definition I've always used is roughly:

If I'm sitting right next to my kid and ignoring them, that's not QT. If I'm sitting right next to my kid and interacting with them, that's QT.

Even if I'm doing household chores, if my kid is watching and I answer questions they have about what I'm doing, that's QT. If I let them help out, that's QT. If I say "go in the other room and watch TV so I can get this chore done" that's not QT.

Some people seem to think if it's not a planned-out highly-structured nutritious, fun and educational activity, it's not QT which is not how I ever interpreted it.
I'd call it "Mythbusters-ing" since this is pretty much how many of their episodes go.
Anecdotally, I know 2 MDs in the Layfayette, IN (Purdue) area. Multiple people have come in with 100% of the symptoms, recently came from Seattle, and 1 worked in the Amazon factory with positive coronavirus. They were not tested because the tests are not available.

Because of the way 'We' (royal) have structured our economy and govt assistance systems, the working poor will have the highest contagion rates and serve to spread it rapidly. They have meager insurance, if any at all. They have no sick days, and certainly not paid sick leave. And being threatened to come to work sick is a common thing. Even Starbucks did that to me.

And from what I know about the laws, I don't believe quarantines can legally order you in. Everything so far has been a suggested self-quarantine.

I don't paint a pretty picture. That's because I've worked in food service while sick. I made your food, and infected you. I chose to do that vs be destitute.
This is probably better as a "Show HN". Just FYI.

I agree with the other comment. You aren't showing any value. And honestly, this looks like a scam to get email addressed (the fact that you are posting it here and asking for feedback means you might not be scamming, but looks matter).

Can you afford a domain name? Go get one. Seriously. You are asking us to invest time and effort into your idea and yet you haven't invested in a $5 domain name? Go get a domain name.

Take 4 hours today to go spruce up the landing page. Cheat and look at other landing pages and add some general elements from those. Show us what you want to do. Give us one good reason to sign up.

By the way, I think the idea is interesting enough for me to write this note :) so you might be on the right track!
Gattaca was ok, but the fact they were going to Titan was at best incidental to the plot. Could have been Mars, or Pluto, or Alpha Centauri, and it wouldn't have changed a single visual and only a handful dialog.
I, uh, equally expected that.
At the volume and frequency they need to process, it probably makes sense to do something more complicated than MySQL...
I had a director who used to say "You know that would be a good problem to have." whenever scaling discussions come up (i.e "How would we handle 10M users?").

And as an engineer, I used to point how Twitter's fail-whale was killing Twitter just before it got popular.

After almost a decade, now I get what he meant. And I'm more interested in jumping into a company with technical problems like these, with short time horizons rather than those with capital restrictions or chasing PMF in early stages.
Wat?

Dont get me wrong I'm not a fan of over engineering things.

But those two statements are not mutually exclusive. You can build scalable distributed systems with postgres as a backend, heck if I was building one that would be a core part of my stack...
Even when taking frivolous pictures more care was taken about when to take them. Most people didn't carry a camera with them like they do now, thus even then frivolous pictures of the past were more planned because somebody had to think ahead to break the camera. (Cell phone cameras have nothing on the lens of a SLR, but they are amazing within their limits)

Of course every family did have the photobuf who always had a camera in front of their face even back then. Most people in the family didn't though.
Fast.ai: Covid-19, your community, and you – a data science perspective
I don't want to pay $75 to move my shares to another broker. I also don't want to risk selling all my shares right now, transferring the money to my bank, then transferring it to another broker, and buying them again and risking the market coming back during that process and losing thousands of dollars. There's probably a way to transfer out faster for free, but I don't know it. Any new money I invest will be in a different broker, though.
Gain-of-function literally only means the protein has, in some sense, gotten better at its "job" (or has taken on an additional "job"). In this case, the "job" of the protein is to infect organisms more effectively.

Some background: viruses primarily contain the genetic material and a protein coat. The Spike (S) protein is one of the proteins in the coat, and plays a role in whether an infection will take root.

From the paper:

> we identified a peculiar furin-like cleavage site in the Spike protein of the 2019-nCoV, lacking in the other SARS-like CoVs

Furin is a protease that is present in healthy humans. Some proteins aren't "active" until they're cut (cleaved) at specific sites along their sequence, so furin's "job" is to cleave these proteins - activating them. Notably, furin is highly expressed in the lungs.

2019-nCoV apparently has a "furin-like site" in its Spike protein - a sequence that furin can bind to and cleave. Notably, furin is the protease that cleaves one of the proteins in the protein coat of HIV, which then allows for viral replication [1]. The authors therefore hypothesize that this mutation which creates the furin-like cleavage site accounts for some of the pathogenicity of 2019-nCoV. They further hypothesize that furin inhibitors may be effective agents in combating the virus (which have shown some promise in combating other viruses, tumours, etc.).

Disclaimer: not a virologist, just a computational biologist with a bit of interest in structural biology. Also, the authors emphasize that further experimentation needs to be done to validate this claim.

[1] doi:10.1038/360358a0
My wife does this to our kids and it breaks my heart - I try to be very sneaky on the somewhat rare (once every few weeks?) occasions I want to take a couple pics or vids of something spontaneous my kids are doing. My wife will interrupt, tell them to do something again or otherwise put them on the spot and then point the phone at them. I almost cringe whenever things are going well because I know she’ll want to interrupt. She feels it is harmless and doesn’t like how I “hate pictures”. Sigh.
One example is https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code_talker
He is to his base. For now.

His base is, however, going to be disproportionately impacted by this virus.
All of my positions are long, and temporary outages like these have no impact on my trading performance.

If I were just starting out I probably wouldn't select Robinhood given the recent issues, but I don't see the need to change to a different platform at this time.
I think sampo gave a concise explanation- I tried to clarify the terminology and mechanics around gain of function-loss of function in my comment below (since I think function means different thing to different people) - basically, there's potentially a mutation in those spike proteins that makes the virus more infective if it turns out to be supported by lab experiements, gain of function just means that the mutation makes the protein work better or gives it a new functionality instead of breaking it.
yes you have the concept.
Shame EPYC2 wasn't included, but extremeley impressive numbers.

Also I haven't used Anandtech in a while, but it hasn't changed much at all after their redesign a while back. I'm a fan of how it hasn't changed much. Nice and simple, though a bit more social media stuff that I remember.
https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/candi-cdebaca-tweet-corona...
I'd agree that SSO is a good option. Check out our SSO solution and ping me with any questions!

https://tozny.com/tozid
Well-informed sources I've read almost universally put their estimates at 1% or lower. The people saying 2% or 3% seem to be naively averaging together all the mortality rates they've seen in the news, even though almost all of those rates aren't meant to be good estimates of "how likely is the average person who catches the virus to die".
disinfection isn't going to do much of anything. the virus lives in people and spreads between people, even when they are mostly asymptomatic, at least for a few days.

sure, it'll stop people from picking up trace viral particles on surfaces, which is better than nothing.

but i see many places "closing for disinfection" as their go-to response to the virus, and if you understand the way that this disease transmits, it's mostly for show.
Interesting article.This virus apparently developed a trick where it uses host proteases to clean its own viral envelope, allowing better fusion with host cells.
How to Run a Great Virtual Meeting (2015)
What is it you're doing on your local master? It's only going to lead to a mess if you're developing on master locally and trying to do merges from upstream.
> I think Hawthorn or hibiscus.

Do you take them like some herbal remedies (grind it, add honey etc.etc) or do you process it in a lab?
Wuhan shows they are important. Italy remains to be seen. Though given the reports I've read suggesting thousands of Italians returned south ahead of the travel ban, their efforts may indeed prove futile.
It's supposed to be 100 times more sweet than sugar for the same amount, so there's that...
I fear the opposite. The Apollo project is a symbol of the era when the wealthiest states of the world were obsessed with rockets. They are probably more interested in mass psychology now.
It's possible this was a layout bug whose most common and visible consequence was on instagram?

Or does FireFox's picture in picture code have special casing for some sites?
And a lot is approximately what number? (Including secondaries sure to lack of care including other matters.)

It might sound callous, but likely not enough to cause even a momentary pause... Because worst case here seems to be a few millions.
Most Medical Imaging Devices Run Outdated Operating Systems
Because it takes too long to move my money and I would be missing lots of good trading opportunities
like rsync.net ? this is just storage.
> Who gets to look after your inbox once you’re gone? The law isn’t exactly clear.

In my case, I think the law is perfectly clear. I run my own email server on a machine I own that is physically in my house. The person who gets to look after my inbox is the person who gets ownership of the machine.

Of course, they'd have to spend a bit of time cracking the crypto...
There's no reason to be on RH anymore if you're buying/selling shares. But they do offer free option trades, whereas you need to pay $0.65 per contract on Schwab for example. Personally, for the volume of options I trade, I just use Schwab and feel I'm paying $0.65 for a much better trading platform and research data availability (Schwab Trade Source).
Amerihub offers a proprietary web/based solution for this which can be run on top of a public cloud, or on hardware within one’s corporate boundary.

It works well, and we do Active Directory SSO too. Same for our System Manager product.
At first glance, this seems to be pretty opinionated, with a hip 30 second commercial

https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/facebookcontainer/
How do you scale Postgres so far? Or do you move as much as you can to the outside?
Always heard great things about this product but haven't had a chance to implement it yet.

Advantage over keepass is that you can't retain a copy of the keyfile.
This is a very good article and sound science - I don't know how the linked article itself would try and spread bio-weapon conspiracy. I tried writing up an explanation, and I'm sure other biologists will come in with more concise and better understandable ones over the next few minutes - the terminology might be confusing because it overlaps with words used in a CS context, but I think it's relevant to HN and is a high quality article, jsut in a different technical field than what you might usually see so you might need a different set of commenters to work their way out of the woodwork and try and clarify/engage in the discussion.
This plus I don’t trade enough that the downtimes matter. I buy twice a month on a fixed schedule they’ve not been down on any of those times so I wouldn’t know they have issues if it weren’t for the news.
How to Work from Home-and Not Be Forgotten
I assume because of the "everyone will get it and 2.5% will die" part. Nmbers are not making this very likely, in China this thing is slowing down already. Last estimate I heard was somewhere between 60 and 70% of the population will get. Add to this the fact tht the 2.5% are likely overstated (due to not testing everybody and having this huge Wuhan province outlier in there), and a statement like this is pretty alarmist.
If I read the article in the worst possible way it suggests the hybrid capacitor stores 260 Wh/kg and produces 300 W/kg.

The Tesla battery stores 272 Wh/kg and produces 207 W/kg.

So this suggests the hybrid capacitor would charge 1.4 times faster.

Next question is the price, the article doesn't give a straight-forward answer other than that it's significantly more expensive. In theory (no hard proof) the hybrid capacitor would last longer.

Regardless, a promising development.
Random never made me happy.