skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
This line is curious:

> Folders with vertical pockets, called PeeChees (as in, peachy keen), had been around since the 1940s and were sold on the West Coast, but they had never made the leap across the Rockies—so Crutchfield was doubtful. “I said, ‘They only sell on the West Coast, and what’s the real benefit of a vertical pocket?’”

I know a lot of products are regional, but how can these things stay confined to one side of the country for decades?

I had Trapper Keepers in elementary and junior high school. When I started high school, I switched to 3 or 4 PeeChee folders duct taped together as a makeshift binder. It was a cheap way to signal how much "I didn't care."
It's a bit strange that they recommend using the Tor Browser, but the Tor Browser is shown as being "unique" using their fingerprinting setup. Presumably this is just a lack of data rather than a real claim that browsers like the Tor Browser are actually not sufficiently resisting fingerprinting (after all, apparently 55% of people they've got data for use Linux and 41% use Firefox!).
Making a platform for people to create content and building an algorithm to scrap(steal) that content is a very different thing.
I never understood why that feature is not disabled by default. I am so tired of this madness for frictionless UX everywhere. Just because someone has to have everything readily available without having to click.

Where is the UX when someone sends stupid dumb pictures constantly in groups you belong to? And those get downloaded automatically. Or where is the UX when someone hacks your phone thanks to this "feature" enabled?

Even IE disabled this feature!
The region is Tras Os Montes (“Beyond the Mountains”), and is a rural backwater - mountainous terrain, and going 10km as the crow flies by paved road is 40km. Most of the roads here are unpaved trackway.

The nearest paved road is about 5km by track from the mill - the bottom km was impassible when we found the place, but nothing a day with a bulldozer and a chainsaw couldn’t fix - it looked like about 60 years of growth. The track down the valley is steep and winding, and looks like it goes nowhere. Despite being at the bottom of a deep, steep valley, we get an almost full day of light, as the mill is on the north bank of a large inverted U bend in the river - the sun rises over the valley to our left, grazes the hills to the south, and sets over the valley to the right. Someone in the 1300s really thought about where to put the structure, as 50m either way along the bank gets shaded way more.

Right now we’re having to walk in and out, as we had prodigious rain in December, which both highlighted our flood risk (overtopped the roof!) and made a steep, poorly drained section of the road collapse - I’ve spent the past week teaching myself how to make a pitched stone road - nice Neolithic technique, and means all the materials I need are within spitting distance of the road - rock, gravel.

The next mill, which is about 1.5km downstream of us, has no road or track, just a steep path.

I am still scratching my head over how they built them - the lower courses of stones in the walls must weigh five tonnes apiece - huge boulders, moved purely with human and animal power. After seeing the river go crazy last month, I understand why - the force was sufficient to uproot large trees, to wash away the car, to completely scout the earth to bare rock - but the mill couldn’t have cared less. It’s good timing, insofar as we hadn’t done too much work yet, and now we know we need to ensure everything structural in there can deal with immersion, and everything else needs to be portable. Constraint, sure, but an interesting one.

While shovelling muck there yesterday (temporarily renting a house after being flooded out) I heard a loud plop over the roar of the weir - and saw two otters hunting crayfish in the mill pond - I could see them flipping rocks on the bottom and grabbing them, as the flood has washed away sediments and organics, leaving the water crystal clear. This is the stuff that makes me persevere!
while there are some lower sub 28 watt chips out there has yet to be a desktop or server chips yet. The ice lake SP 38 core are shipping Q3 AFAIK but those could also slip.

As for desktops the recent rumors point to Rocket Lake in 2021 for the first desktop 10nm releases.

Intel is playing catch-up here to AMD and it’s showing.
Average annualized return rate for S&P is about 10%.

$8/month x 47 years @ 10% = 100k roughly.

Try this: https://www.daveramsey.com/smartvestor/investment-calculator
This is highly speculative. What if the under reporting is 10% &c. It's just an exercise in arithmetic, we're going to have to wait for more data.
That looks pretty cool. Is there some comparison table exists about binary size, memory usage etc against other languages?
No, it's encouraging investors and previously founders to dip into unfair taxable holes.

But the way things are setup, you can't easily do that.

I have thought of a few systems -

- Tax VC funding on non essential problems and use that to fund non-profit competing startups. The essential word here is problematic to agree on.

- Force people to sell some percentages of their shares every year and tax that on the same level as income.

- Press a soft limit on time to create taxable profit. It will be set by industries differently but at some point, if your revenue is huge and you aren't creating profit, you will start getting taxed on 20% of the total revenue or similar share.

- Tax hedge schemes. So if Mark Zuckerberg uses his wealth to create more social media companies, he should give up some share of the company to the government. He won't have to do that if he tries something else than a social media company.

Encouraging founding companies is important but when a few players hog all the opportunities to do that. That might become net negative.
I think it's a fair point but I agree the comparaison is wrong originally because here one of the main issue is that people are not willing to pay for information anymore.

Thing is also that houses that have crumbled have crumbled and there's nothing left. You can't quantify what happened so easily.
Articles stay online. Actually that's something that might be good to think about : for a magazine or a journal that decided to make things better and do more responsable journalism, should they delete the content that doesnt fit that bill anymore ?
Kind of like the YouTube Kurzgesagt channel when they were confronted with a few of their faults and decided to eradicate the content that was problematic ?
It's pretty radical but it sends a message. Not sure how that would be doable economically though.
It's been reported that there are tv shows in China where bats are eaten [1] Not a great source but it links to official China Gov sources.

[1] https://www.zerohedge.com/health/chinese-government-forces-t...
Is this dataset correct?

The accelerometer, gyroscope and proximity sensor has a ~9% false ratio here which I intepret as 9% laptops/desktops and 91% phones. That's a bit too many phones. But use of Adblock is over 34%. Also, I see 15.36% Chrome PDF Plugin and 23.81% Native Client both which only exist on PCs and again doesn't really mesh with only 9% non-phone. What's going on...? Are there laptops with all three things listed...?

Also, everything else puts Chrome market share above 60% these days, only 38% here.
While green plants may reduce stress, I don't think their absence can explain the effect observed here. Exposure to aircraft noise during sleep has been documented to cause endothelial dysfunction [0], which increases oxidative stress [1]. I think it sounds very plausible that increased oxidative stress over a prolonged period can cause neurological problems.

[0] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3844151/

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endothelial_dysfunction
This may be relevant to your interests: https://apenwarr.ca/log/?m=201808
Show HN: Serverless Golang Middleware
Probably depends on how fast the species is eradicated.
I get a fair number of mail and packages from China, living in Australia. Some virus' can survive quite a while on non-porous surfaces like plastic, especially if the contents itsef is contaminated.

I now open packages outside of the house and spray the contents down with alkohol.

Yea keep those sneaky vectors in mind.
What’s the general stance on putting gifs for the Readme into the repository, potentially bloating its size?
Unikernels... is that what they mean by “full stack”! I thought it would be just JS and some kinda web server.
New-build nuclear is far more expensive, per kWh, than renewables. In Europe, even off-shore wind - one of the most expensive renewables - is now coming in much cheaper than nuclear projects.

In the US, even many old nuclear plants are struggling to compete without subsidies against renewables and natural gas.
Neat! I can see myself using several of these.

Erratum: the link meant for "openssl-hook" actually takes you to "otherport".
If you can get to the firmware settings, there should be an option to 'disable secure boot', 'enable third-party OS's' or the like. Then you should be able to boot anything that has been properly signed, at least. I'm quite sure that people have done this, even on the Surface Go.
The State of Breach Protection
https://www.infofuge.com/install-ubuntu-18-04-on-microsoft-s...

Ubuntu support secure boot. You probably mean fastboot?
You want something even more life-changing? There's the Spiral Rule: http://c-faq.com/decl/spiral.anderson.html
>His primary care doctor at the time, Lopez said, was dismissive, telling him he was “anxious” and “working too hard.” It was an explanation he would hear from other doctors.

I've had the same experience myself. It's actually a common experience among those who have a rare or difficult illness to diagnose. People can go years, or even decades, having their symptoms blamed on stress, anxiety or depression, until some doctor finally gives the right diagnosis.

In my case I'm still in the phase of awaiting a diagnosis and believe me it's not a place where you want to be in.
I design my own prosthetic limbs
Beijing decides to postpone spring semester for all schools in the city
Surely the battery level isn't particularly useful for fingerprinting, since it's going to change fairly quickly?
Fixed; thanks for the feedback.
Of course, if the company would have been called something like "Niagara Falls", or "Yosemite", or "Grand Canyon" and the US government protested, we know the result would have been very different. Just another example of how unjust and unequal in general the administration of domain names is.
Few highlights from the survey:

- Only 11% rated their consolidation level in their organization as high

- 78% stated that their main obstacle is the Management, maintenance and operational overhead of the security products already deployed

- 72% said that difficulties in managing the security products in place is the main reason for stopping new security projects in 2020

- 77% said that a solution that they would prioritize investing in a solution that is capable of consolidating their required breach protection functionalities.
Or they could make one themselves as well?

It is not like Google or Microsoft does not have the expertise in house for these task. The Core and Interconnect on Graviton2 are licensed from ARM based on Neoverse. It is Fabbed on TSMC 7nm.

While there are still a lot going on with customisation, I would not be surprised if ARM have have a few solution on hand already.

The cost advantage of fabbing its own CPU is so huge, it is only a matter of time Google or Microsoft make their own CPU to compete.
> the power profile is intellectually interesting, but not likely to ever enter the public sphere.

It does have an impact on operational cost, and cost is a very important factor.
That's not that shocking considering Stripe started Sorbet, right?
Turns out amateurs don't become professionals the day they get paid
There's no "good one", since the different series represent design tradeoffs other than just price. Some people want the lightest device, some the most powerful, others want the longest battery life. You can't have it all.

If you just took the most expensive ThinkPad, you'd probably end up with a P-series workstation, which is far from most people's definition of "best". And that's okay.
Not yet - we’ve only been here about four months, and we’re still discovering stuff all the time. I am considering doing an archaeology summer camp this or next year, however, and am chatting to a lecturer friend about the prospect. It’s a fascinating site - there are traces of a ford, which is interesting, as the bridge (3km downstream) was built in the 1200s, and presumably replaced the ford. I think the majority of what we’re seeing is ~1200 - ~1880s, but there is a cave way up a hillside that I went for a ferret down that was suspiciously man-sized, and had an antler poking out through the mud on the floor, at which point I decided to leave it be until someone who knows more than me looks at it - as I suspect it was an antler pick, which would place the mine in the Neolithic at latest.

There were also Romans in this neck of the woods, but I’ve seen nothing that has said Roman to me yet. Either way, the site has evidently seen quite a bit of activity over the ages, only falling into disuse in the early 20th century - I found a taxation tag embedded in a gnarly old olive tree that identified it as being planted in 1914, and it looked like it hadn’t been pruned ever, meaning someone probably planted it and then got the Spanish flu.
In this case I’m all for it. There are 3 gifs, they are not huge while also clearly shows what the system is capable of. A general stance seems quite dogmatic, it depends on utility...
> True, but facial recognition is incredibly convenient. It requires the customer to do no additional work.

I don't see your point. It's an ethical discussion. Is the goal is to maximize your personal convenience or is the goal is to maximize ethics, while still allowing your extreme convenience?

> As a sibling comment notes, this is how general store customer interactions used to be done. The "facial recognition" system in question was the store owner themselves.

I disagree with the statement in general, but rather than dissecting it, I'll point out that the issue is "spying", not the particular action of recognizing your face.
Lost Narratives – changes in science education
WhatsApp uses system address book for a few things, has photo sharing, and has video calling so it's reasonably likely it had been granted access to contacts, photos, camera, and microphone.
I don't understand Microsoft's logic with the Surface line.

- The Surface Go didn't get updated in 2019, despite having as a main issue its performances.

- The Surface Pro X is the future hardware-wise but has a ton of issue software-wise.

- The Surface Pro 7 is an iterative change and it's been like that since a few years already.

- The Surface Book 2 (the only one I used extensively) is still a mess hardware-wise. The weight and angles feel atrociously weird.

- The Surface Laptop is good but too expensive compared to the competition.

Apple has fixed a few things last year with a MacBook Pro 16" that is nearly perfect and a MacBook Air that gives a lot, I was expecting Microsoft to answer to that with a spec bump of the Go and a reduction in price of the Laptop but it didn't happen.
In theory. In practice, there are almost always ways.
Protect your mental health while using social media
These apps ask for camera roll and camera access permissions and usually get them, which would render sandboxing (for photos and videos) irrelevant.
Reason/OCaml is truly a secret weapon, beating the averages and all. The reach this language has is incredible. Whether you work on React UIs, REST/GraphQL servers, desktop apps, Unix systems programming, or even unikernels, it never feels like the wrong tool for the job and is always fun all the way through.
Assuming Amazon intend to upstream their work.

All the testing of open source stack Amazon uses internally will support ARM. That is all of their Hosted Open Sources offering. This will kickstart all software support. AWS ARM offers cost advantage which proprietary software now has an incentives or their customer will request ARM support.

All these will create a positive feedback loop into the ecosystem.
Rust has a standardized 'edition' system, so they can deprecate superseded/junk features from newer editions of the language while still playing nice with legacy code targeting an older 'edition'.
They don't know. They weren't able to actually find the exploit code, so they don't know how it worked or what level of access it achieved. Or whether there even was an exploit at all.

That said, if there was an exploit, I'd be surprised if it didn't escape the iOS sandbox. As an exploit category, iOS sandbox escapes are medium difficulty. Not as easy as WebKit exploits, or privilege escalation on some other operating systems (...such as macOS), but still plentiful. Or from a buyer's perspective, more expensive, but readily available. MBS doesn't exactly have issues with expense.

By the way, image/video parsing vulnerabilities are somewhat rare themselves, at least in stacks that only handle a small number of formats (not something like ffmpeg or VLC with a bazillion file format parsers that nobody's looked at in decades).
I'm confident that those working on applications where CPU performance is an important issue, as well as reliability of said performance, are actually not running their critical applications on virtualized infrastructure. The cloud is good for "good enough" solutions where architectural design leveraging horizontal scaling does the job well. In those applications, how a CPU is used or what their performance is is something that falls in the wrong side of the domain of microoptimization. In the Cloud world, the only thing that's relevant is if an application infrastructure needs to scale, and what's the financial impact of that in the operational cost.
I don't believe that people are not willing to pay for information, but they might not be willing to pay as much for the information they are presented. If there's a lot of falsehood, propaganda and celeb-news to fill in the blanks between the ads, why should any reasonable person be willing to pay? They aren't the customer, they are the product being sold to advertisers, PR agencies and anybody who wants to influence public opinion.

Would they be willing to pay? That probably depends on the audience. Some certainly would. Others use news as entertainment, they probably won't, because there are better forms of entertainment commercially available.

Regarding corrections: I don't like deleting stuff outright, but afaik you can't change the video on YouTube, so that's a harder problem. For their own site, a company could (and should) still leave them online, but clearly mark them as retracted (and say why they retracted it; and possibly set noindex on them so search engines drop them from the results). This would achieve transparency and keep unknowing readers safe. Doing secret edits that change the meaning of sentences is the worst that can happen.
The subtlety here is that NNs do have a model, but it’s hard to see. Not just any neural network can perform as well as GPT-2–a very specific architecture can. That architecture, coupled with the data it’s trained on, implicitly represents a model, but it’s wildly obscured by the details of the architecture.

In this sense, people like Sutskever think that GPT-2 is a step on the path towards discovering the “correct” model.

It’s probably difficult to make much more progress without making extremely crisp by what you mean a “model” is, though, because I feel like it’s just as easy to move goal posts about what it means to “understand” as it does to “model”.

For example, replace every instance of “a model” in your post with “an understanding”, and it parses almost identically
> If Epyc CPUs aren't available,

You can buy Epyc CPUs right now even from Amazon, and you can even use Epyc CPUs in EC2 instances.
> "Nuclear plants have a linear cost. Going from 10% to 20% cost just as much as going from 90% to 100%. No overcapacity, no batteries, no conversion loss."

In your nuclear-only scenario, without storage you'd need enough capacity to cover peak demand. This can be 2X or even 3X higher than average demand, so there would indeed be significant overcapacity. Very expensive!

Typical nuclear plants are also not good at demand response: to operate efficiently, their output must remain constant most of the time. Over-capacity at off-peak times is potentially a big problem on grids with a large portion of nuclear.

Some combination of storage, peaker plants, and demand response is required regardless of whether nuclear or renewables are used. The most cost-effective future grids are likely to use a diverse mix of technologies.
Thing is objectivity can't be reached and Lehrer's says it : the only thing yyou can do is try and be fair.
It's a big misconception that medias were objective before. Newspapers have always had political leanings (clear and revendicated as the identity of the magazine) and that just never stopped.
To say a media isn't objective with their political coverage is actually the norm and what should be expected.
Now if a media trumps a fact in favor of an argument in a paper that explain science, that's wrong. But actually I don't think any media does that (never on purpose. And mistakes usually are corrected).
> If you've used strongly-typed programming languages before, the relationship between dimensional analysis and type theory is rather obvious

Author clearly hadn't tried multiplying a user-input time value with a time constant (like milliseconds) in Go, a strongly typed language
Its important to distinguish between internet users and internet consumers. Only India 1 (115 million) have the money to really spend, they are consumers. India 2(approx 450 mio and are those who in large parts work for india 1) have older smartphones or feature phones and only some of them have money to spent.

A lot of bad vc investments didnt make that distinction and got hurt.

None the less lots of opportunities there for thos who can find products or services india 2 can afford.
User-agents can be used for web-servers to differentiate between bots/crawlers and actual human beings. But there could be a generic user-agent instead of the ones we have now.

Note: This only matters for bots that serve to aid your website. Like search engine crawlers being given instructions what pages to ignore.
Yep. It didn’t make the slide deck but about 75% of the commits are from the core Sorbet team, which is all at Stripe.

But I think it’s important to emphasize both sides: Sorbet is not just some tool that only people at Stripe use and contribute to. It’s growing in both popularity and contributions in many places outside of Stripe.
Indian cellphone market is dominated nearly completely by Chinese brands
> It's just that AWS doesn't have instance types that use them.

AWS offers instance types with Epyc CPUs

https://aws.amazon.com/ec2/amd/
I was going to mention the lack of TCP and TLS fingerprinting too - I wonder if those are actually used by rogue advertisers?

Also, I guess TLS fingerprints would change over time, with browser upgrades, although I'd expect changes to be relatively infrequent.
Ask HN: Why Don't You Read?
I usually hear about people reading a lot. I read quite a bit. Interested in hearing why you personally do not read.
You can find the agreement here:

https://www.icann.org/resources/agreement/amazon-2019-12-19-...

I would like to actually see the discussions leading to this agreement.

The ideal version of ICANN is to be the "UN of the Internet", but its recent actions make it sustainable that there are too many commercial motives involved.