skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
They are not describing cases of faulty memory but explicitly, and very aptly, warn you that since SQLite is a C library that runs in the same address space as the application code, if your application code corrupts memory (by way of buffer overrun, heap corruption, etc) it can impact SQLite's internals and in turn corrupts the SQLite database file.
or if you'll ever have to pay it back. Just because you have some tech debt doesn't mean you'll actually have to ever deal with it.
Zarvox
I'm confused, the headline and start of this article claim "people no longer believe working hard will lead to a better life", but I can't find the supporting data anywhere in the article or the survey itself [1]? The survey does suggest that people in some places are pessimistic about their economic or social futures (divides pretty neatly as "you're optimistic if and only if you live in a developing country") but I don't know where the "working hard" bit is coming from.

[1] https://www.edelman.com/sites/g/files/aatuss191/files/2020-0...
This echoes quite a few of my experiences. Seems to be par for the course. Once money comes into play, you get the privilege of witnessing all kinds of aspects of human nature. Watch your back.
I have seen the word “watershed” and immediately guessed some it’s some biased unverifiable claptrap from google.
Is it hard to undo? How so?

If you don't look at any PR in the next 3/6 months, mark it unsupported.
(new) GitLab engineer here. This is correct, it can be set to allow merge requests from "Only Project Members", or disabled entirely. You can also disable pretty much everything else as well, if desired.

Disclaimer: nobody submits contributions to my hobby projects anyway.
Yes, you learn something about its biological function.

For me its biological function is to be eaten, so I care more about where it goes than about where it comes.
Except for the browser complaint when filling out the form.

I have to agree with the calls for allowing warning-less HTTP for LAN connections.

Edit: Add last sentence.
It's an unusual comparison, but this New Yorker story about a Buddhist monk maintaining the equivalent of a suicide hotline in Japan struck me as one of the best things I've read about the difficulty of being a maintainer: https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2013/06/24/last-call-3
The New VCs: Revenue-Based versus Shared Earnings
Although this definition is not in use as much as it used to be for those in the American middle and lower classes, it is very very much alive and well in the American upper classes. If you don't live in the "good" neighborhoods and you went to public school and you've never been to Europe then you're going to get looked down upon. Yes, there are people that made their money in one generation. These are the Nouveau riche. They may find that they are not as accepted as the guy that drives an old Mercedes and wears second-hand clothes. It's about how your were raised. And accessorizing. :-)
United States nuclear forces, 2020
I moved in a couple doors down from an old high school teacher. His kids are only a decade or so older than mine. Makes me realize how young he was (relative to my current perspective) when I was in his class.
The key word is "could", but even in a optimistic view, this never happened before.
In all State's where surveillance was increased to improve law abidance, the long term effect, albeit with some crime reduction, was an oppressive class that determined how others have to live, yet they themselves did not.
In 1950, 27% of people died before age 15.

In 2017 it was 4.6%. Still horrifically high, but a staggering achievement in the history of our species. [0]

Think of all the people spared from having to deal with a child, sibling, or friend dying young.

I think it's sometimes hard to fathom just how bad the human condition has been for most of our history.

[0] Source: https://ourworldindata.org/uploads/2019/06/Mortality-rates-o...
> Backup or restore while a transaction is active

Is there any information whether taking a consistent snapshot (that contains both the DB file and journals) is safe?
Betelgeuse is actually not in the region where the waves were detected. It's mod way between two regions.

Clickbait journalism...
There's a difference between a toolchain becoming unsupported, and putting a hack around a feature that later becomes obsolete due to business decisions.
That hack could certainly be technical debt, up until it isn't. If the code that it was implemented in is no longer used in the future, you didn't incur any cost to it.

Not an original idea but I can't remember where I heard the idea. Technical debt is the best kind of debt, because it's the only debt that you might not have to pay back.
A monetary metaphor for technical debt implies a freedom to the order of addressing technical debt that is deceptive. This comes from money's fungible nature: if you have many debts, you can pay off whichever debt you want and you can pay it off in parts.

I think this metaphor does a good job of capturing the path-dependant nature of debt. How the size of each individual debt sits in the shadow of the code that relies on the flawed code. Understanding that there's the work of fixing technical debt and the work of getting to the place where you can fix technical debt feels more clearly communicated by tetris than by financial debt.
I do. My experience is quite similar to yours :)
I salute your efforts and gesture.

I've been surprised through the years by how many people in my life turned out to be recovering alcoholics. It's not a part of people's lives that they're generally eager to share with students, coworkers or mentees.
I once fell for this talk about "content-addressing".

You know what? Saying stuff is addressed by their content doesn't change the fact that the internet is "location-addressed" and you still have to know where peers that have the data you want are and connect to them.

And what is the solution for that? A DHT!

Turns out DHTs have terrible incentive structure and don't seem to be working well.

Downloading content on IPFS is the _most slow experience ever_ and for some reason I don't understand downloading is even slower. Even if you are in the same LAN of another machine that has the content you need it will still take hours to download some small file you would do in seconds with `scp`.

Now even if you know which peer has the content you want and tell IPFS to connect to it directly and the connection is established and the is being (slowly) downloaded... IPFS will drop the connection and the download will stop.
Reduce MySQL CPU Usage Through Dynamic Binary Optimization
One of the best things I've done in my personal software life recently is getting off LastPass. The only other piece of software I have seen decay in quality so rapidly and markedly is PocketCasts.
OU is in a shambles right now, from an administrative standpoint, due to a double-transition of its leadership.

I'm willing to bet that the parking enforcement people never questioned the legality of the device, asked few questions about its legality, and assume its existence is proof of its legality.
I think Chaitin Elegance is about “formal languages”, not notations (what we would call programming languages.) A formal language is an entire equivalence-class of bijectively-transformable notations. In other words, it’s the rules of the language as stated about its lexemes, not about its source bytes. Or, to say that another way, Chaitin Elegance is about the message-length of your program when put into the space-optimal notation for its formal language.

For an extensional definition: a machine-code ISA, and its assembly language, are both the same formal language, just different notations for it. The assembly language is more verbose compared to the machine-code, but there’s a bijection between their semantics. Chaitin Elegance, for this formal language, would measure the byte-size of the program in its machine-code formulation, not in its assembler formulation. Long variable names in the assembler formulation don’t matter; but long function bodies do, if they coerce near jumps into far jumps.

For another example: picture doing code-golf in Forth, where your goal is to minimize the number of Forth words you use in your program, not the number of bytes per se. (Note that in this case the “optimal notation” you’re measuring the elegance of doesn’t exist anywhere except in the in-memory state of the Forth VM, where it’s the compiled threaded-code representation of your program with all words represented as pointers.)
The concept of metamorphic testing sounds incredibly fruitful. I haven't immediately figured out how I can apply it to my domain, but I suspect it can elevate the testing we currently do to much more useful/meaningful levels.
It's a lot easier to get lucky and strike oil if you have already done a bunch of research beforehand and were digging in an area that was likely to have oil
They have a government pension.

They spent 30 years "working" on their research interest instead of at the beck of bosses and clients. Even if they spend retirement stuck as a grocery clerk, they'll have a better life (more funded free time to pursue their personal interests) than almost everyone.
I speak common American English, and I've always equated "amateur" with "not paid or licensed to do the thing," rather than "awful at the thing."

It's neither positive nor negative most of the time.

Context: I've lived primarily in the Midwest and the East Coast, with a few years spent in New Zealand. I've also been either involved in or peripheral to a few hobbies that style themselves as "amateur X."
What’s the best (translation: easiest) password manager for non-technical users with Windows and iOS devices? I’m trying to find a good solution to help protect the accounts of my older parents. I use a legacy non-subscription 1Password version for myself so I’m not up to date about the subscription model or product changes of recent versions.
Exactly. HN in particular has a strong survivorship bias.

Startups in the typical SV sense are not the way to wealth, any more than professional sports. The folks with rare talent, and the folks around them that can glom onto those people, have a small chance of making a lot of money.

Everybody else, not so much.
Pithy, perhaps, but not entirely justified. For example, the implied causation might actually be reversed, that people who naturally trust institutions consume more news. The causal relationship could also be external to both: some other factor, like financial stability, causes people to believe in institutions and to consume more news. Or, the cause could even be direct, but much less cynical: The news may accurately inspire justified confidence in institutions. (Conversely, people who prefer to make up justifications or excuses might blame institutions and prefer to not expose themselves to news that discomforts that worldview.)
I got a very similar email few days back about one of my comment on HN. It was definitely a positive experience and something I would do too in the future.
PigeonBot Uses Real Feathers to Explore How Birds Fly
Whether things are moving in the right direction depends on how you measure things and who you believe. There are lots of signs in the positive direction, but Jason Hickel famously argued that things are moving in the wrong direction everywhere except China (https://www.jasonhickel.org/blog/2019/2/3/pinker-and-global-...) and that even including China, at the current rate it could take 200-500 years to resolve global poverty (https://www.jasonhickel.org/blog/2019/4/27/200-years-to-end-...)
Where to get free business cards and free shipping
Looks nice! As someone thinking about building an app, how are you balancing the app's free functionality with paid functionality? That's the tricky thing — you want the free functionality to be useful, but you also want as many people as possible to upgrade.
One of the teams I worked for in AWS used TLA+ on a new back-end feature that was added. It was one that, if things went wrong, would be extremely bad for customers. The needs for operating on scale only added to the necessary complexity. Paranoia was key.

They'd estimated something like an optimistic 4 months for the work.

Two of the more senior developers were assigned the task, and they had to learn TLA+ and formal methods from scratch. (one dev's main complaint was that he was forced to use Eclipse, I don't know if integration has now happened with other IDEs since then).

It took a little bit for them to get up to speed, but they were soon implementing and catching bugs in the proposed designs, and they had all the bugs ironed out within a few weeks.

They then found that going from TLA+ to actual Java code was almost a "fill in the blanks" exercise. The formal model provided almost the exact structure they needed for their final code. Going from model to code took them very little time at all. It was in production, running in shadow mode after not even 2 months, and was fully live not long afterwards.

TLA+ got subsequently used for a number of other features added to the platform.

There had been general push back among developers that learning TLA+ and doing formal verification was only going to slow them down, but we found it was quite to the opposite. TLA+ actually sped up development, with the big bonus of higher confidence of correctness.
I think you might mean selection sort, which picks out elements from the original in sorted order one at a time.

Insertion sort has partial results early as well, but they probably wouldn't be as useful, the only thing you could report early would be "here's the sorted order of the first k elements in the list" (as opposed to the first k elements in sorted order from the whole list, that selection sort gives you).

If you really did want online output like that, I think you'd want to look at heapsort instead.

If you compare the worst-case you have O(n) time to prepare the heap (once at the start) and then O(lg n) time to produce each single element of the answer.

Selection sort you'd require O(n) time to produce each element.

Selection sort doesn't win out in average or best case either. The best you could really hope for is it to win on constant factors, but it'd be hard for realistic inputs.
Weirdly, merge sort might the only sorting algorithm that I learned in school I can actually write without thinking. It's very intuitive and simple, at least to me ?
Fundamentally because they're on the same contiental plate, and had exposure to the same germs, having been infected by the same or similar animals.

The decimation of the Americas was largely due to the fact that the ships that arrived brought with them germs to which the natives had no defences at all.

This topic is covered extensively in Jared Diamond's Guns, Germs and Steel.
The "green" is in quotes here, because the building office is basically a greenhouse (glass facade from all sides) in a hot climate where air conditioning is needed most of the year.
I have a key attached to my keychain. My wife has a key attached to her keychain. People share cars.
Fable Studio founder Edward Saatchi on designing virtual beings
>it is impossible to write a program to calculate the Kolmogorov complexity in general. It is "non-computable".

I don't get it, why couldn't you "simply" iterate through every program shorter than the string you're trying to compress, compiling and running each while discarding the ones with the wrong output and halting when you either find a working program or run out of shorter strings to try?

Edit: Oh, I get it now, you can't tell whether or not a given long-running program will eventually produce the target string without solving its halting problem.
The coffee fruit is a berry. We just don’t ordinarily consume the skin and fleshy part.
Given the possibility of software failure, would it be wise to use multiple password managers? I have the feeling this is a .45 vs 9mm question that doesn't have a real answer. More software exposes risk of data being exposed vs redundancy. I do not use software managers. I use a password protected spreadsheet(100 passwords). I hope they are safely encrypted.
> But if the service is significantly lower ($1, $2.50 in your case) it's a no brainer.

I think this rational is okay for selling things like a coffee or a mobile game but not for a service. If you're thinking of pricing this low, you really have to start targeting users that value what you're selling more or expand the product to solve more valuable pain points. If you've got a niche product, you're unlikely to sell a big enough volume to earn a living selling it cheap as well.

You'll lose the "no-brainer because it's so cheap" market by increasing prices but those customers aren't necessarily the customers you want.
The distinction is important because if they could have forgone the MCAS and sacrificed the type rating, the story becomes about cutting small corners to pinch pennies. In actual fact, however, the MCAS was vital to the aircraft, which was rushed out to compete with Airbus - and so it becomes about cutting BIG corners, to save the company.
It’s $11 ppp per person per day of “spending”, so for a household of 4 people that’s $16k. I would think that world would be both discretionary spending and non-discretionary spending. While that would certainly classify as extreme poverty in most of the highly developed world, the definition of middle class seems to be (roghly) ‘able to pay for minimal housing and purchase durable goods without starving.’ I can by that that is possible in emerging markets for $16k ppp for a household.

Also, that’s the absolute bottom of the range, it goes up to $100/day/ per person.
As the summary says, the basic approach ( evolutionary data -> position coupling -> to distance restraints - into structure solver ) is actually quite old, with the key paper back in 2011.

In fact, the distance constraints to 3D structure part is in fact very old - I was calculating structures from experimentally determined distances 30 years ago. You need a surprisingly low number of fairly weak ( these atoms are between 3 and 5 Angstroms ) distances to determine a 3D structure if you have a decent number of long range ones.

What they have done is execute better.

However the problem they are working on

sequence -> structure

though it's been a long term 'holy grail', practically it's not that useful!

The models typically aren't quite good enough, it's not predicting interactions, and experimental methods to determine structures have also moved on in leaps and bounds.

As the article briefly mentions what you really want to do is go the other way.

Designed novel structure -> protein sequence to make it.

One way to do that if you have a function going the other way ( like alphafold ( let's ignore limitations for now - ie does a knowledge based approach work well for completely novel folds ? ) ), is some sort of heuristic search - however the search space is huge and a step size of hours isn't going to cut it.
That looks very helpful -- thank you!
that is what happens in debt driven world when progress stops and statistics lie. the "wealth" is created by printing money and acquired by those with better access, inflation indices do not account for things that actually matter - housing, education, healthcare
You need a working internet connection. In most cases you go to the webinterface because you are either setting it up, or something (most likely connection) doesn't work.
It's okay to have an alt account, you just shouldn't create a new alt account for every new comment. This allows for their moderation systems to be effective.

My account is a great example. This account is separate from my real identity, and I use it to post about things I don't want associated with my real identity. I went through a period of poor-quality commenting that led to well-justified moderator action against it(I'm not exactly sure what, but I'm consistently brought to the bottom of threads). This is important for the site because it helps maintain a good signal-to-noise ratio and keep the site interesting and productive. If I were to always create a new account, it would bypass this important moderation tool. Reputation is important in any community, including this one.
My uneducated guess is that the Europeans lived in much larger communities (in Europe), which is a much better breeding ground for disease. This meant they were much more full of disease than the native Americans.

Another uneducated guess is that this is why your pet <insert species name here> doesn't often get sick - they have much less contact with other <insert species name here>s than you do with other humans, contributing to less and slower spread of disease.

Please could a pathologist jump in and enlighten me?
This is remarkable. Teams of researchers all over the world have taken part in the CASP competitions for decades. Many attempts using machine learning and ANNs have been made. What is it about DeepMind that allowed them to make such a breakthrough? Do they have expertise in deep learning that does not exist in academia? Incredible amounts of compute that academia cannot afford?
I can't speak for the toolchain maintainers. But with appropriate flags to force or skip those passes, yes I can see something like this being merged in.
I'm real good at speaking common American English and I don't agree.

The word means non-professional. So you don't do it for a living. Which is directly factually a description of what's happening here.

In some contexts is could be negative, because the concept of a non professional doing the thing is scary. Like there's nothing positive about an amateur heart surgeon, or amateur parachute designer.

But in the context of gardening it's clear and descriptive. The needs of a professional farmer and someone with a backyard garden are very different. The term clears up which one this app is made for.
dingleberries are fruits, they also grown on vines. (hold on the salt)
Gandiva, Using LLVM and Arrow to JIT and Evaluate Pandas Expressions
i know an actual person who was hired to work on compilers/lang design there, so it's not out of the question, but it might require some kind of involvement with the language/community before that (if there are any open slots at all)
I would add 4): favorable conditions. This can mean being at the right place at the right time, being born into the right family or meeting the right people. Or you could put this under luck.
A seccond PW manager? Not necessary, an offline backup? Great idea. Most PW managers allow you to export in some way shape or form. Doing so and encrypting said file is a great idea, but also something that's hard to do enough for most people that I don't have a good solution.
> 3 days (over a weekend) is reasonable for a free tier, I would think. For a paid tier, maybe it should be more immediate.

This line of reasoning sounds backwards to me. It is the importance of the service that drives the needed level of reliability and people should expect there to be a cost to match that level of urgency and have guarantees that the vendor understands and will meet those needs.

If LastPass expects user password management (aka consumer access to websites) to require under two 9's, they are wrong. If they can't meet a minimum level of reliability with a free tier, they should not be offering a free tier.
I more-or-less agree with you. Privacy is dead, the question now is whether or not we subject our rulers to the panopticon along with the rest of us.

If we do that, we might stabilize on an egalitarian equilibrium, otherwise I think we'll descend into a kind of techno-fascism.

That's why the events in Hong Kong are so important: can a distributed mass win out over a centralized authority?