skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
> ignoring or reasoning about unknowns diminishes the advantages of static typing.

Ignoring the unknowns that are unnecessary to solve the problem at hand, is literally the essence of software abstraction. Why would you want to do more work than is necessary to solve a given problem?

> you can define an "unknown" type if you want and make your static language as permissive as possible

And 'unknown' type doesn't make the language permissive. Since the type is 'unknown' it doesn't permit any operations at at all on it. Hence, the opposite of permissive.

> you lose the actual static guarantees, which is automating reasoning about the correctness and capacities of your program at compile time.

You absolutely don't lose the actual static guarantees which are actually relevant to solving the problem your program wants to solve. If your program's job is to add a signature field to a JSON object, why would you want to parse and decode the entire JSON object into a strongly-typed value? You would just parse it into a reasonable Map data structure and add the signature as a key-value pair to the Map.

> you're already conceding that there are so many unknowns which better ought to be dealt with at runtime

That's exactly what we're not doing here, we're creating software abstractions which again, is an essential part of software development. Please see Liskov & Zilles, 'Programming with Abstract Data Types', 1974.

> what is there to be gained from making that explicit in your program

What you always gain from static typing–exposing the assumptions and invariants of your code as first-class parts of the code, making it easy for readers to understand at a glance what they are, making it easy to change the code with compiler assistance to ensure the invariants are honoured.
https://yippy.com/
"we need more money and more time" is the refrain of every engineer, ever.
A gentle beginning is a great thing to shoot for. I would second the recommendation of a Starting Strength program, or something similar, where you can work a clear, well-established path with coaches who are familiar with the principles of the training methods, can guide your form, etc.

I started off in a 2x/week one-on-one coaching relationship, and after a few weeks (basically once I had some basic understanding of the main powerlifting exercises) I started attending small group classes 3x/week.

Take your time, focus on form, and work with a knowledgeable coach. You might look for gyms that feature classes in powerlifting or olympic weightlifting.

https://www.barbellmedicine.com/ might be a good resource to check out if you don't have coaches in your immediate area, and you want to have expert guidance.
> Instead my guess is that mostly you just didn't know. On a London bus for example, before they had screens telling you where you are, which bus this is and what the next stop is, there was nothing

For the most part, this was solved by the driver or the bus / train / subway / tram conductor [0] shouting the stops out or announcing them via microphone. If you use trains in Switzerland, you will notice that some conductors will still announce the next stop when they enter a car to check the tickets. As in "Next stop Zurich main station, tickets please".

[0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bus_conductor
Also FWIW Apple has a good track record with privacy, it's all opt-in.

Edit: Health data is also end-to-end encrypted (accessible by your devices only, Apple servers don't have keys, if you forget your passcode you lose the data); https://support.apple.com/en-ca/HT202303
How to Break YouTube (Copyright Claim Your Own Video) [video]
I just recently read, "Harry Potter A Sorcerers stone". I must say, it's really good.
It's the first time Google saw the page. Reddit posts have unique URLs and Google scans popular sites very regularly (in fact is rumoured to have site-specific optimizations).
These days many prolific writers are probably publishing most of their work as online articles. It would be interesting to see a list that includes a total word count (although such a thing would be very difficult to compile).
I've been using ligatures (Fira) for about 4 months now and love it.
Introduction to Objectivist Epistemology has radically changed my view of almost everything, including software development. I’m able to cut through a lot of controversial issues by using its methods to ask incisive questions.

https://www.amazon.com/Introduction-Objectivist-Epistemology...
Let's ignore for a second the question of security (is it collision/pre-image resistant? Dieharder says nothing about this).

As a developer, is the fact that it only uses S-boxes supposed to be beneficial to me somehow? Does this mean it runs faster? Uses less memory? Is it an academic exercise? Why would I use this over a different hash function?
This deserves massive attention.

Large vendors in various industries are being uprooted. Epic is an abysmal data system that most healthcare providers are tied to.
The Mars 2020 Mission
Explaining Physics Thought Experiments
MEGAMISTAKES: Forecasting and the Myth of Rapid Technological Change by Steven P Schnaars.

From '89, somewhat dated now, but still interesting.
Agree on what? "Type inference" is a broad feature, feel free to post the resources.

edit:
In Haskell it goes beyond just locally inferring variables, it enables a new type of development with typed holes that feels more like a back and forth conversation with the compiler. I don't see how "I can leave the types off my C# variables" has anything to do with that.
BRB, need to put `upvoteCount="10000000"` on all my blog articles. :)
Mostly using collection classes such as std::string, std::vector, std::map and so on, but also using smart pointers such as std::unique_ptr for lower-level stuff. And of course, the Standard Library is built on those "core features" - it just makes them easier and safer to use.
Right now this case in point of why NOT to.

ipfs resolve -r /ipns/teetotality.blog/posts/how-this-blog-was-made/%60: no link named "`" under QmefCQnxfw2qaT5WKMxiMVGTWu2i47ttpyUCDdn7f3nA2K
So it doesn't have any kind of `unsafe` escape hatch like Rust?
Surely if the code was unrelated then you wouldn’t have to change it? It might be tangentially related to the change at hand but the fact it breaks means it must be given consideration and not just as a “geez I have to update all these cases” but also in terms of how the change impacts them.

I’m sympathetic to the idea that you want to solve the immediate problem first rather than have to move the entire codebase through several iterations. I’d be interested how well Unison handles that on a complex codebase in reality though.
Its really hard to retrain bad impressions of how to punch, stand, step, and weave. BJJ does not come with so much prior baggage to upack, but it does have a more technical sequence of moves to learn.
Which is exactly why you're able to speed with impunity, even if you receive a ticket for it?

Most places do not make the rules unclear and many rules brought up in the subthread, e.g. hydrants and parking near an intersection, are well known and common among the states.

Look, I'm not saying that basically giving everyone a month with no warnings and then going out in force isn't a crappy thing to do. I'm just saying that that's not entrapment, nor is an an awful thing for the police to do, even if there are nicer ways to do it, e.g. giving notices on windshields for the first week of the semester and afterwards being issuing tickets.
Opera ended the day they deprecated their own rendering engine and became yet another Chromium wrapper, which we already have more than enough of.
I've been upgrading the same Opensuse installation since 11.1, and I've moved it to 2 new machines without re-installing...

If we're bragging...
“ This looks like a great HN comment, ”

Thank you. I thought it was rushed w/out the explanation that it deserves (it has fascinating implications about the lack of the color blue in nature). Also, I felt it came out as snarky or arrogant, which I didn’t intend. But I was juggling other things :S

Unfortunately, I’m afraid you’ll have to ban me. I’ve abused the site far too long but I also have no intention to expose myself w/ a profile (any user with a karma > 1000 is trivial to dox).
I found that too as the article linked raised more questions that it answered. I was like "how can I be reading this if it's not using DNS?" And from the link this explanation:

> It updates a dnslink pointer at Cloudflare, which allows Cloudflare's DNS to direct teetotality.blog HTTP traffic to the correct IPFS hash address via their IPFS Gateway. So even though you've (probably) reached this page through a regular old HTTP link that uses the teetotality.blog host name, there is in fact no server with that name - the content is stored on various IPFS nodes, including but not limited to Cloudflare's edge caches.
I don't know how this ended up in the USMLE but AFAIK, it has long been debunked... unless for "inherited" you mean something other than "genetically transmitted".

See "Not in our Genes" by Lewontin, Rose, Kamin, for a thorough discussion.

In practice, it is a result based on twin studies, but with very low standards: for one thing not double-blind, definitions were let swing arbitrarily by the interviewers, and so on.

Definitions of intelligence are themselves questionable, techniques to measure it, even more so. The history of IQ has been tainted by plain fraud... And the whole field is too a succulent target for ideological warfare... truth is too easily a collateral casualty. This should not be considered science.
I do exactly this. I use oysttyer[0] to do the tweeting, and I wrote a bash script to:

* read a line from a file;
* tweet that line;
* rotate the line to the bottom.

Then I run that script from a cron job.

The magic is in oysttyer. It is a little tricky getting it to run automatically because it requires the tweet text as a command line parameter, and can't read it from a file or stdin. Even so, all pretty trivial, really, depending on your existing skill set. You need skills to:

* read the line and feed it to oysttyer;
* rotate the top line to the bottom;
* set up cron scheduling.

[0] https://github.com/oysttyer/oysttyer
> Is it possible that there is no site providing non fluffy content on your query? For a lot of niche subjects, there really are very few if any substantial content on that topic.

“Very few if any substantial”

The problem is that google won’t even show me the very few anymore. It’s just fluff upon fluff and depth (or real insight at least) is buried in twitter threads and reddit/hn comments, and github issue discussion.

I fear the seo problem has not only killed knowledge propagation, but also thoroughly disincentivized smart people from even trying. And that makes me sad.
Javascript, which Google coincidentally pushed and still pushes for, doesn't exactly make the web easier to crawl either.
I've got a soft spot for Science Versus: https://gimletmedia.com/shows/science-vs

Changing my life if probably over-stretching it, but it lures me in with "let's take the scientific approach to a topic" - and I can nod along, agreeing with them, and then they sneak in stuff that I don't want to be true.. but well is..
A request: please don't put quotes in code blocks. It makes them completely unreadable on mobile.
Simple, because it's my money that paid for it. That's the reason NASA footage is public domain. It's publicly funded with tax dollars.
Posting a tweet picked from a file at random: http://johnbokma.com/blog/2019/03/08/posting-a-tweet-picked-...
I think a main issue is the vagueness of the query.

I was searching for "what phone should i buy in 2020 site:reddit.com" and while a few results where from a year ago, most where from January 2020.
Reddit is testing deprecating mobile site
If valuable, common and practical use breaks parking laws, the laws should be changed.
Try https://www.openxava.org/
The first time I realized that Google search was bad was when del.icio.us got big. I was an avid user - and I stopped using Google except for basic things. You could search tags on del.icio.us - and the results were incredibly good, far better than Google, especially for niche areas.

I think, unfortunately, this kind of curated, social approach to search will never be compatible with monetization by ads. I'm not quite sure how to make a search engine profitable without significantly distorting its results. Maybe, depressingly, Google is the best thing possible given the constraint of making a profit?
“ is it more affective in cutting / etching these materials with a lower optical output power.”

Probably because it’s more likely to be absorbed.

On the other hand, absorption can’t be > 100%. So a longer wavelength laser an cut just as well for the same power as long as the mtls absorbs all the photons
>What you always gain from static typing–exposing the assumptions and invariants of your code as first-class parts of the code, making it easy for readers to understand at a glance what they are

This is essentially what I was getting it. To me the static typing seems to be almost more about naming things that it is about verifying the correctness of your program in the face of unknown or interesting behaviour.

And there is a very obvious cost to this because not all code is 'your code'. That's the problem with a coupling that is mentioned in the first part of the article but not really addressed. With typing, it is very easily possible for someone to create bad abstractions that you have no control over, you simply inherit them. It breaks with the principle of leaving interpretation to the receiver of data who encapsulates it.

And this is a very practical problem in real static code, because people create bad abstractions all the time, so the type system rather than just making valuable claims about what we know produces all sort of entanglements you have no control over.

Here is where the dynamic and static typing distinction crosses over into the OO debate. Alan Kay pointed out that the 'late-binding of all things' is one of the key principles of object oriented programming. Static typing interferes with this in very strong ways by allowing developers to impose meaning on your program way too early.
Saving a Google search for those (like me) who don't know what S-boxes are: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S-box
How Long Should a Single Learning Session Last Before Taking a Break?
Volker Strassen, the Man Who Changed Matrix Multiplication
Design of Tesla's Solar Cell
> Can't be more easy to do and mantain.

Sure it can.

- Github pages

- Netlify

- Zeit

All free for static sites; all easy to set up a continuous deployment pipeline for.
I noticed that as well but in my case it seemed to be due to secure boot being turned off. Annoying nonetheless!
The rainfall over very long periods of time is not constant. From boring relative position to the nearby star, to the activity of said star, to more exotic https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamma-ray_burst and God knows what else.

A more honest statement: "We measured Ne-21 in meteorite minerals in higher concentration than on similar Earth minerals. We think it's caused by cosmic rays. We have no clue where the cosmic rays came from or when."
Posting back here in case it helps someone else. In the end I went with: https://dnsimple.com
We can't be sure they will, that's the problem.
Well that’s all unsubstantiated hearsay at this point, but I think we can all agree that Opera has, sadly, seen its day as a browser.
That's the problem that web directories solve

Not really. A web directory is a directory of web sites. I can't search a web directory for content within the web sites, which is what a niche search engine would do.
A similar fate for the Battle for Middle Earth series.
Yes, I actually meant to say that the sudden explosion did not look like CRS-7 which had this spilling-a-dewar look and guessed that the AFTS might have been involved. It was really nothing more than a wild guess.
I’ve seen intersections where people have went offroad in an accident and knocked down stop signs and people know when approaching that it should be there. Would a car?

The only way I can see that working is if there is some kind of geographic location of various stops and the like, but at that point, you need consistent connectivity to obtain that kind of data, right? May work in larger towns and cities, but what about rural areas?
Asio enforces exactly once semantics for callbacks, so if you are careful you can thread your state through your callbacks [1] in a linear way and avoid reference counting. It is not always worth the effort though, but coroutines should make it trivial.

[1] last time I checked ASIO didn't support move only callbacks so it was ackward to implement. Things might have changed since.
Oof. I have to assume your last sentence was intended.
Spec is at heart a data modelling system. So for example,

(s/def ::integer integer?)

is very explicitly not a definition of an "integer" type. It is preparation to model some data x and check that the data will evaluate to true if someone uses the predicate (integer? x). However, this is obviously enough to implement a type system.

But you can also do some very loose things with spec that aren't done in a type system (I speak with a cheerful ignorance of type systems). Eg, I can spec a function so that one argument is smaller than the second. This allows my testing system to automatically generate the correct data to test my function.

So spec can used to implement a type system but also to implement things that aren't type systems.
I wish Opera would open source their presto engine. I'm guessing that isn't possible due to some licensing issues. Personally I find it unfortunate that all that amazing work will be lost. While I didn't use Opera due to it's proprietary nature, as a browser engine it was competitive for its time.

I'm having the same feeling now about the EdgeHTML engine which is now being fazed out. This engine was a breath of fresh air compared to trident. It was bringing value to the internet space.

Granted, I do realize there are perfectly valid business reasons Opera and Edge switched to chromium.
In my experience, management is usually less than open with employees as they consider the scope of their decision-making to be a management concern and not an 'employee' concern. This is often reflected in statements such as 'this won't really change anything' and 'no need to worry'. Obviously that approach creates real problems when management's scope makes a grab for technical scope.
Public information should not be filtered by one single private entity. We need a distributed system with an open standard. Search should work more like DNS... In order to get your web site indexed, you only have to publish your search URL. There should be many index cache servers, so that your search URL only get a hit when a search string expires...
> It's just surface-level knowledge that I get from competing websites who just want to make money off pageviews.

Can you give some examples of queries/topics? Not that I disagree, I often have the same problem, but have found ways to mitigate.
Shipwrecks, by Akira Yoshimura. It's short, cold, meditative, and harsh. The author has won several awards in Japan but isn't widely known otherwise.

I read all his other books (those that were translated) after it.
Wordpress is unlike github pages or medium. In theory a LAMP server could run on everyone's home router, and they 'd publish their blog there. With commercial interest , network configurations would change to accomodate that, and people wouldn't lose their content when any service decides to shutdown. It's scary how much of the web is being lost , i would wager most links to nonocorporate sites > 10 years old barely work (has anyone studied the link rot?).
Minor nitpick about point 3. John Insprucker said around 13:40 in the stream: "our simulation show that the Falcon will likely break apart due to the tumbling, instead of having the destruct system triggered and destroying the rocket." So what you wrote at point 3 is only likely, but not certain. (Unless of course you know from some source, that they have confirmed the sequence of events since.)
Zerotier is an awesome tool for this.
How do you stop the server lying?

If a good site is on shared hosting will it always be dismissed because of the signal of the other [bad] sites on that same host? (you did say at DNS level, not domain level)
Healthcare SEO – Full Guide – SEO for Medical Practices
Expertise is power. The people who own, control, and operate Boeing are... well... the ones who run Boeing. It's extremely difficult to clean house at the top without losing the entire structure. It's like how it's hard to fire the one IT guy who knows how everything is configured.

Look for example at what happened to Venezuela's oil industry when the Chavez regime tried to eliminate its current heads and nationalize it. Oil production crashed. The new people running the system didn't know how to run it, and there is a substantial learning curve. This was part of what set the stage for Venezuela's current economic and political disaster.

Corruption aside (and I do think corruption is a factor) this is the most likely rational explanation for this behavior.
Shared_ptr, the solution and cause of most performance problems :)
> I went to random.org and generated 32 sets of 256 no-repeat numbers between 0 and 255 inclusive.

One suggestion I'd have here would be using "nothing-up-my-sleeve" numbers like pi/e/log2 in hex. [1]

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nothing-up-my-sleeve_number
This I/O device thing seems to be a feature of one specific wasm engine that just exposes a simple framebuffer, so, it has nothing to do with anything else.
I've italicized them. I wish HN had some other way of stylizing quotes.
The demonstration on images is underwhelming at best. It is only marginally better than extending vertically the bottom row of pixels.
Animated Mortal Kombat Movie ‘Scorpion’s Revenge’ Launching by June
On the contrary, I’d recommend to start with Idris instead.
The design of the language is globally better and way more coherent. It fixes a lot of Haskell “mistakes”.

Check out “Type-Driven Development with Idris” by Edwin Brady himself. The book is truly amazing.
Opera browser is still big on Mobile
At the end of the day, everything is syntactic sugar over machine code. Doesn't means it is a bad thing though.
Morte d'Urban and Wheat that Springeth Green by J. F. Powers. Who could ever imagine that I would thoroughly enjoy a book about Catholic priests who are not even solving crimes? Subtle, funny, keen-eyed how America and its practicioners of faith change after WW II.
Can’t read it on iOS safari, keeps reloading.
Look at this C++ code:

std::vector<Pair<std::string, MyInt>> s;
s.push_back(Pair<std::string, MyInt>("a", MyInt(1)));
s.push_back(Pair<std::string, MyInt>("b", MyInt(2)));
s.push_back(Pair<std::string, MyInt>("c", MyInt(3)));

Gross. I'm being punished.

Look at this Rust code:

let mut s = Vec::new();
s.push(Pair::new("a", 1));
s.push(Pair::new("b", 2));
s.push(Pair::new("c", 3));

Both are statically typed, but one uses inference. It practically feels like Python everywhere except where type declarations matter most to me -- function signatures:

fn foo(x: f64, y: f64) -> Point {...}

In Python, those aren't very helpful.

def foo(x, y): ...

:c
If all taxes were itemized like that it would probably lead to a lot more government accountability of how money is spent, and it would be a forcing function to create a budget ahead of time.

I'm sure there's a million issues I haven't thought of, but I like the idea.
Will you take my word for it?

They not only disregard quotes but also their own verbatim setting.
Congrats SpaceX team! I hope they post the view from the Crew Dragon vehicle of the Falcon 9 breaking up. That seems to be the one view that was missed (in addition to splashdown from the aircraft angle)