skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
I think it is rather obvious that one is most productive in the language he or she knows best. So the question rather is, for language one knows well, what is the more productive? Also, this is a very abstract question. In reality, availability of libraries and development tools can tweak the balance for a certain task a lot. For example, I can be very productive with tcl/tk, because the whole package lets me do certain tasks very efficiently, but I wouldn't call the language "tcl" expecially productive.

But overall, I think Lisp is an extremely productive language. In the last decades, a lot of modern languages have implemented a lot of Lisp features, so getting closer in productivity, without quite reaching it. Consequentely, the productivity factor depends on which langauge you compare Lisp with. But compared to languages like C++, the productivity gain is really large.

For me, beyond the overall language qualities, there are two especial productivity boosters in Lisp: the ability for incremental and interactive development and to create domain specific abstractions. There are many dynamic languages, but so far I haven't seen one which as easily allows you to do interactive development. That is the ability to update single functions while your application is running. That speeds up the cycle of changing the code and testing it by orders of magnitude.
Extending Clojure with Python [video]
This is an extremely good programme that deserves more credit than sensitivity of that sort.

It's whole point is to delve neutrally into the numbers put out by different organisations to evaluate and explain the claims.

Given that scrutiny of UK organisations is the norm for it, and that a 99% conviction rate is a headline figure that would more normally be associated with somewhere like North Korea and which begs explanation, it's difficult to see what the problem is here?
Same here in France. Everyone was shocked about the cruel treatment of Japanese inmates (more specifically Carlos Ghosn), but the media never mentioned the notoriously bad state of French prison. An objective comparison would have been interesting.
But that implies we should centralize in cities, so people don't have to move if they lose their jobs. Getting a few companies to a small town just means that when one fails, workers are more likely to have to move at a later stage in life, when they already have kids and a mortgage and such. Better for them to move to a hub when they're young. Plus their children will already be born in a hub, so they won't have to move at all.
I used to find this odd as well, but that feeling came from a misunderstanding of what a "property" is. When you use `attr_reader :foo` what you're actually doing is calling a method that defines a method on the class for accessing `foo`. `a.foo` is not accessing a property, it's calling a method. `a.foo = 2` is not writing to a property, it's calling a method called `foo=`. The "()" can be left out because it's never ambiguous whether you're calling a method, because you're always calling a method.
It's strange how Japan gets so much attention for this. It's about the same in every country.

According to Wikipedia:

>In Canada, the national conviction rate is about 97%. This does not include cases in which the charges are dropped, which comprise about one-third of criminal cases. Absent Quebec, the province with the lowest conviction rate, the figure is 99%.

If a country has a low conviction rate, it could be because cops are arresting lots of innocent people. It could be because courts are being bribed and letting people go. High conviction rates can mean anything from police only arresting people when they know a person is guilty, to them picking up anyone off the street and throwing them away without a fair trial. Percentage alone, generally, isn't something worth looking into.
They really should have stripped away Astro's championship title, not sure what their justification was. Why would the Astros want to keep this championship title in their cabinet anyway? To remind themselves and their fans of what their team did that year?
> High level programming languages have been used to write operating systems, including the kernel: Lisp (on Lisp machines), Algol 60 (MCP on Burroughs mainframes) and PL/1 (MULTICS on General Electric and Honeywell machines). MCP and MULTICS (from which Unix gets its name) preceded Unix.

IBM also has a long history of using (non-standard and semi-secret) PL/I dialects for operating system development. Much of MVS was written in a PL/I variant optimised for systems programming PL/S (which later evolved into PL/X) – older versions were mostly assembly, with successive versions more and more written in PL/S – and that remains so with contemporary z/OS, although brand new development has largely switched to other languages, especially C.

Similarly, most of the software for the AS/400 was originally written in a pair of PL/I dialects, PL/MP (for code beneath the virtual machine layer) and PL/MI (for code above it.) (Starting with the CISC to RISC transition, PL/MP and PL/MI were progressively replaced by C++.)

Apparently, AIX 1.x and 2.x were written in a mixture of C and PL/I, but IBM got rid of all the PL/I code in AIX 3.x onwards which are pure C.
I remember in an intro bio class we were shown simulated animations of how reactions occur. For example it depicted molecules floating perfectly and almost intently into an enzyme demonstrating the lock and key model.

The teacher made it point that the animations were not realistic in the sense that there should be a lot more stuff flying around. And a lot more denser and faster otherwise reactions simply wouldn't occur. But that chaos isn't educational to visualize.

So I guess my question is why does it look so neat in this real life video?
4 Challenges Bitcoin Must Overcome Before Mass Adoption Can Take Place
>Time will sort this out and will make it obvious who was right.

Is this something you really want to hedge your bet on? Because the end result of climate change being real is essentially massive worldwide damage to human society as we know it.

So while you're right that time will sort this out, if you're on the side of the climate skeptics while the world is burning you won't find many friends.
Note that the US conviction rate is similar. See e.g. https://www.nytimes.com/2012/03/23/us/stronger-hand-for-judg...

> [In 2009,] 97 percent of federal cases and 94 percent of state cases end in plea bargains, with defendants pleading guilty in exchange for a lesser sentence.
FWIW as a Pittsburgh Googler, I haven't experienced the air issues personally. That said, I don't live near the office. It seems like the issues are a lot more obvious to those who live near Bakery Square.
According to Wikipedia some cryptography is on a "munitions list". I'm not very familiar with the law though, so I guess I don't know if that really means it's classified as a weapon.
Free speech is not the same as free reach.

With free speech, the state grants climate deniers the right to state their opinion in public without negative consequence (from the state).

This does not extend to a right to free broadcasting of this speech by private companies like YouTube.

Always publishing both sides to make reporting "fair and balanced" trivializes most topics. While it seems like it gives viewers the freedom to form their own opinion and to inform their behavior in a way most beneficial to themselves, they rarely have enough knowledge to understand all consequences.

Expertise is real, it's usually focused on a narrow subject, and difficult to detect for the casual viewer. I do my job all day, trying to get really good at it I become somewhat of an expert. Meanwhile, my insights into climate research are very limited as I have only seen a few talks here and there and spent a few days reading about climate history on Wikipedia. Having studied another topic much more deeply, I understand and respect the amount of effort required to gain expertise. The producers of aforementioned doubtful YouTube content are most likely experts at video production and marketing. They benefit from the existing incentive structure not by explaining the scientific consensus and conveying the difficult message that viewers will have to change their lifestyle, but by making their videos as controversial as possible.

Is the idea that anything that goes against the current "consensus" be removed? And is this just regarding climate change or does it apply to how we think about physics, statistics or even software engineering? Are you an "agile denialist"?

Some things are simply more harmful than others. Inspire people to become "agile denialists" and their software will get worse. Users will switch to the competition. Inspiring to ignore the climate catastrophe is a contribution to the destruction of ecosystems, huge amounts of wealth [0], and risks the lives of hundreds of millions of people.

[0] https://www.mckinsey.com/~/media/McKinsey/Business%20Functio...
Listen, man, this sort of "coverage" of these types of events are the result of being at the top of the field. No one likes to watch people lose their jobs, especially when their name is at the top of the list of people in the company. That being said, you clearly already know that this wasn't anything done without reason.

You guys haven't always nailed it, but overall, all of the points you've listed show that the ship isn't sinking even if it took on some water. It's great that you addressed this and all, but overall, all of this is a sad part of business. As long as it's not taken lightly and everything that can be done to avoid a repeat of this in the future is being done, that's all you can really do.
isn't SF a company town?
I find this interesting because a former coworker was in jail for about ten days. He was released due to no charges being pressed. Thing is, he’s a foreigner, and he hasn’t said anything about how he was treated.

Afaik he’s still in the country looking for work. So maybe it’s different for foreigners ( I wouldn’t he surprised if that’s the case )
Current resident of Tokyo. Can be a little scary when getting randomly searched. I could argue, but my Japanese is intermediate and the police are always right.

A youtuber interviewed a trial lawyer [1] last year and I thought it was really good. I wasn't aware that the holding days could be extended for each crime that you "commit." There's an entire scheme to this:

3 days - initial detainment

10 days - judge determines whether you can be charged or not

10 days - possible extension.

If you commit two crimes, that could be up to 46 days in detainment.

Basically, don't come to Japan and do anything questionable and everything should be fine. In the unlikely event you're in the wrong place at the wrong time, you should know how to wield Japanese well to try to get yourself out of it.

On the other hand, I watched an interaction between a couple of foriegners and the police one day. They were drinking in the park one day (legal and common) and the police were called on them for unknown reasons. After the police arrived, they basically told the police to go away for an hour and refused to show their resident's card (both also legal). Backups and backups of backups were called and eventually they dispersed. I think this is a good example of how there is a lot of restraint with regards to police here. I believe in most other countries jail would have been imminent out of disrespect.

The thing about Japan is that once you're caught up in the system, it has no mercy.

1 - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r1ZLGqL1FMo&vl=en
Well, you claim that there is a contract which binds NATO countries to spend 2% of their budget on military and that only Germany is not spending 2%.

Everything of that is wrong, There is no contract. The goal of 2% is set for 2025, not now. Currently a bunch of countries spend less than 2%.

And: large parts of the US military spending is completely unrelated to NATO.

Next you need to ask yourself if these approximate numbers make sense:

Europe minus Russia, without the US: defense spending of 350 billion USD. NATO has defense spending of 950 billion dollar.
Russia: defense spending: 65 billion USD.

Europe is already outspending Russia five times. NATO is outspending Russia by 15 times.

This looks like lack of money is not the actual problem NATO has.
Some of the best work happens not during scheduled meetings, but in spontaneous conversations with coworkers at random times during the day. Fiber internet doesn't solve that.
Honestly, I never could get into the Ruby language. I always kept making mistakes with the syntax and ended up gravitating towards python and relearning JavaScript
Social housing associations in Netherlands are not owned or managed by the state.
A lot of things should be implemented in a particular way, but most aren't. Decades of practical experience show that, unless forced by regulations, auto manufacturer will pick the cheaper and more profitable option over the safe option every single time.
Should I be using CoreOS for my containers?

Generally I've been using either Ubuntu or Alpine as bases.

Also it looks to be Red Hat based? Is there a Debian equivalent?
If people want to use WebAssembly to write non-browser applications, then it needs some non-browser API to replace the user interaction capabilities a browser's API would usually provide.
While "autonomous vehicles" are the biggest practical joke of the 2010's, this artists joke trapping an "autonomous" car in a circle of salt like a medieval demon was pretty good:

https://imgur.com/gallery/24jLd
No. In theory we could have just two active (non-index) managers, and their average returns certainly would not replicate the market.
Don't read my drivel, there's an authoritative book on this: https://mitpress.mit.edu/books/myth-paperless-office
I wrote a comment then spent a minute editing it, because I am in bed on a phone. Shrug

Here's a shorter version of the entire conversation, quoting you:

> By firing up a VM you're actually allocating in the cloud the computational resources you need, and by running containers you are using those computational resources as you need. When you need more instances of a service running you replicate a container instance, and if a container instance is idling then you shut it down.

You're confusing isolatation with orchestration. You haven't been in the tech industry a long time. You do not need containers for orchestration. You do not need containers for isolation if you are already paying for VMs.
You most certainly can lend money you don't have. Of course, you're going to have to come up with it somehow (so will the bank), likely by borrowing it. Which is fundamentally no different than what a bank does, albeit their balance sheets are larger and counterparties different. It's "borrowing" all the way down,and how the financial system works.
Debugging Code from 60M Miles Away (2012)
I think CoreOS is more intended for use as a container host - so you'd run CoreOS on a VM or bare metal, and that machine would run your Ubuntu/Alpine containers.
Facebook is like Sauron and LinkedIn is like Saruman.
Ryzen 9 3900x and 3950x vs. i9900KS Linux benchmarks
I've never understood why with IT jobs in the UK that they're all centred around London. Especially when they then offshore bits of the company to India or Eastern/Southern Europe requiring contracted staff to use a VPN.

It seems companies want staff onsite in London, purely for the enjoyment of making people commute there. This does no good for the environment other than help to conversion of fossil fuel into co².

If people are to be managed in things like "sprints" or other ticket monitoring/work managing systems then there's no reason why people can't work from home so long as they're happy to communicate on normal daily/weekly management calls.

Bring on telecommuting, it works for and helps everyone.
If subsurface radar imaging tech works out, it will fix the marking/signage problem nicely. Kind of disappointing not to hear more about that since the initial articles came out a couple of years ago.
What is the benefit of replacing the browser though?
> You could even replace “rich” with “rich and well-connected” though it may be hard to determine the second part.

Connections are traditionally determined through the very old method of asking for letters of recommendation. US military academies still work this way; you can't be admitted without a recommendation from one of the three (3) legislators representing you in the federal government, or the vice president. The method is cheap and accurate; you test someone's connections by having them exercise those connections.

For some reason universities still ask for letters of recommendation, but they've shifted to asking for letters from random teachers. This completely defeats the purpose; a recommendation from someone who is unknown to you [where "you" are the admissions officer] and who holds no power of any kind is obviously worthless.
Incredible to see the gains amd has made in developer and productivity tools.

Competition is great.

Looking forward to seeing intel put out some sort of comeback!
Imagine if tech worked that way. If you had to give up some % of your company to rent a server.

Wow.
I'm pretty sure scrutiny of the UK system is down to about the Daily Mail and not much else. The BBC is more likely to criticize such scrutiny than engage in it itself.

And you make a lot of assumptions. 99% could mean a terrible system, or one where only solid cases are pursued. 80% could mean a robust trial system, or lots of shoddy cases pursued by a risk taking, politicized prosecution system.
Why we choose Ruby for our projects https://evrone.com/why-ruby
The fact that that office exists was a major reason I was able to consider them as an employer. I'd already looked at SF / NYC as options and basically priced myself out because I'd be moving with my family, and I wanted a house / decent commute / to not have roommates.

(Admittedly, when I was looking at SF / Silicon Valley before, I was looking at startups; having a Big N as an employer might have just made it work, but we'd still have been losing out on closer family ties.)
Indeed. This lax syntax has led to the proliferation of so-called DSLs which are really just Ruby with a few functions pre-loaded. Personally I’d rather they just admit what they are rather than trying to pretend they’re some special thing. In Python it would just be a package that you import * and there’s no shame in that.
Worth reading how Dr James Hansen and senator Timothy Wirth (who's the president of UN for many years now) sabotaged the air conditioner back in 1988 and opened the windows to make things appear worse for the cameras:

https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/hotpolitics/intervi...
>refused to show their resident's card (both also legal)

Do you mean legal residents, or not showing their ID is legal? Because if police ask for a foreigner's resident card, they have to present it. [1, Q41]

[1] http://www.immi-moj.go.jp/newimmiact_1/en/q-and-a_page2.html
Your other examples don't match the "sufficiently harmful" criterion, besides being unresearched nubjects at the time of debate. But eg white supermacism does - it's also a contrarian theory - and it's rightly banned.

Re: eventually - in climate change it's a case of long run vs short run, as Keynes put it: "The long run is a misleading guide to current affairs. In the long run we are all dead. Economists set themselves too easy, too useless a task if in tempestuous seasons they can only tell us that when the storm is past the ocean is flat again."
What I'd love to have is a tutorial or a base OS that initializes all the hardware stuff (I/O, memory, discs, video, processor...) and let you build the software stack on top of it. Anything outthere? The closest I found is baremetal https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BareMetal
There's a push to make less expensive northern cities (Manchester, Leeds, Liverpool) appealing for tech. London still has (and will do for the foreseeable future) the lion's share, but there plenty of good tech jobs up north.
I thought I was clear, but perhaps I can explain better: Blockchain is very often suggested as a solution to a social or ethical problem, absent any evidence that it can solve those problems (or can solve them better than existing law/contract/trust-based solutions). Kinda like religion.

Blockchain is real, in the same way any other algorithm or technology is. Saying it will solve people being jerks is superstition.
Write your first USB driver in C
Yes, I did expect they meant HTML served over HTTP(S), although not all documents are HTML and not all internet communications are "the web", and even among those that are HTML served over HTTP(S) and available on the internet, many might not be found so easily. It does need to be mentioned better, because "the entire web" still seems not specific enough; even if it is only HTML over HTTP(S), exactly which documents are found? (I also think it strange they say they monitor "the entire web plus social networks". Most (maybe all?) social networks are web based, and even if they don't, they don't specifically say which ones.) (Still, also note that IRC logs are sometimes available over HTTP (in which case presumably they are still going to be found), but sometimes they are plain text and not HTML. Plain text documents are used for other reasons too.)
I didn't bring in politics, I simply states sources from scientific sources and old newspapers. If anyone can point out what's wrong with it, then I am okay for a debate. The problem is that people have made this into a political debate because there's a lot of money involved in climate change policy making.
Two effects working here:

- The recall effect when you see the same areas again. [0]

- The effect of running itself. Your ARAS (or Ascending RAS, or Ascending Reticular Activating System -- not everyone uses the same acronym) in your brainstem is hurling a whole lot of neurotransmitters (like adrenaline and dopamine) towards your hippocampus. Long story short: you'll be able to remember better for the next 30 to 60 minutes. [1]

[0] Too lazy to look up the source (sorry, not having my day in terms of productivity), anyone who studied psychology would've learned the study about people diving under water and doing a memory task and then having a much better recall underwater then on land regarding that memory task.

[1] Source: learned it at the Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam from Prof. Dr. Erik Scherder. I still don't know where a paper is that describes the full story. I also couldn't find too much information about it online, and I never had enough time to fully figure the story out. So if there's a neuroscientist in the room, please help me out :D
Woah... watching his talk now and it's really motivating, thanks for sharing!
Someone who enforces rules doesn't need to be a ruler; two parties could agree on mutually acceptable rules with a designated external enforcer/arbiter. This is actually how Israel was ruled in time of the Book of Judges (although the unfortunate story there is it didn't work out so they ended up with a king). https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kritarchy
Seriously?

The linked audio is only 9 minutes long, and it addresses this exact point. The Wikipedia figure for Canada is wrong. The straight acquittal rate is ~3%, but the other 97% are not convictions, only about 60% are.

They also interview a professor who authored a book on the Japanese justice system who explains why the conviction rate is so high. It turns out we can answer questions like this without relying on uninformed guesses by HN commenters. Amazing.
Edit: please disregard and listen to the audio which explains this perfectly.

Maybe the Canadian justice system is worth a look at too. I am not saying that such a conviction rate would always mean the same thing. Canada after all has a reputation for being one of the most civilized places. But it's certainly interesting to see why this might be the case. In Japan the reasons for this that are typically cited aren't very nice ones and it is those reasons that make the case against Japan on this, not necessarily the statistics themselves.