skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
>Gleevec, the Novartis cancer drug, was approved in 2001 and turned a form of leukemia into a chronic disease. It initially cost $24,000 a year, but the list price reached $100,000 a year by the time it went generic in 2016

Novartis increased the price by about $5k a year. That's insane, I don't think this should be legal. How come there are no laws that keep the prices of medication under control?
Although, if one point can be exploited to gain access to one area, then privilege escalate or exploit from that vantage point, then a lot is at stake.
If you read the use cases, a lot of their ideas revolve around marketplace. So it should have more to do with resale or transfer of digital asset. So when you are selling on a marketplace like EBay etc., having a valid digital token is a proof that you are trying to sell valid Nikes.

IMO they are tracking ownership of each pair with the help of these tokens and once the real shoe is sold the token is transferred to someone else's digital wallet.

Putting a QR code on shoe is not really effective as it can copied/pasted on a different shoe etc.
> If they do want scientists to be free to investigate the genetic and other bases of IQ further in order to find better answers

It's quite obvious they don't want that, so they can continue to stretch the remaining gaps in knowledge enough to fit the entire blank slate hypothesis inside.
The Number of US Alcohol Deaths per Year Has Doubled Since 1999
I wish them well - could they have grown to be much more?
This is quite cool. I love seeing new research into reference counting systems since they seem to have fallen out of favor vs mark/sweep and such (ARC notwithstanding).
I think you are missing the point of the system: you pay the difference in general income tax now so when you are unable to pay such levels the state (and those still paying income tax) take care of you. If you are always able to pay for private health insurance or are always being taxed highly on income you are very lucky and should have no problem kicking in for public health.

There is no minimum tax payable before accessing healthcare services: if you have no income, or are unlucky, you won’t die or be debt ridden for the rest of your life.
Cassowary is the name for a well-known layout constraint solving system. Taken!
I would have thought that for physically based shaders, most polygons are the same shader with different material parameters, wouldn't that allow SIMD techniques to continue to work?
Check the list of implementations of SPARQL [1].

One of the most interesting picks: RDF4j (java based). It can connect to a lot of different SPARQL servers, but the rdf4j Native Store should be good enough for data sets in the order of the "100 million triples", according to the docs.

I don't know much about it, but not long ago they announced integrated support for "federated queries", which means that if you data set can't fit in a single node, they have a solution to query different servers in the same query [2].

I'm slowly learning through the forest of related technologies, one of the most useful is SHACL [3], which is a language to validate and extract pieces of the graph that match a pattern (very loosely, think a "schema" for graphs).

1: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_SPARQL_implementations

2: https://rdf4j.org/news/2019/10/15/fedx-joins-rdf4j/

3: https://rdf4j.org/documentation/programming/shacl/
Honestly, they just don't have headcount to pull it off/the manager doesn't care. (hi maciej!) He lionizes it on Twitter as not jumping on the latest fads and gets kudos from Apple fans who conflate "new web API" with "slapdash nonsense Google is rushing to try and make the web beat apps" as if it's 2008 still.
There's been some very noticable changes to the climate along the east coast of Australia (where the fires are).

Along the east coast the El Nino/La Nina cyles are becoming much, much more pronounced. Droughts are longer and more severe during the El Nino cycle, floods and rains are also stronger during the wet La Nina cycle.

While this lowers the risk of fire during the La Nina cycle, it also significantly increases it during the El Nino cycle because:
1. Drier conditions mean more fire. A lot of trees are shedding their bark, a lot more flammable material generally
2. Less backburning & fire prevention measures can be done during the La Nina cycle because conditions have become too wet to do so, meaning that fires are becoming more intense because more leaf matter and debris are building up during those years

Fire is a pretty regular part of the Australian bushland, but in the past they used to be more regular and not as severe (And very rarely get completely out of control like it has done the last couple of times)
Science, facts and meanings of words have all been cancelled

You can do this experiment right now: type "Men can" in Google, and see the suggestions it returns. If you disagree with them, you're with 99.9% of humanity, and with science.

So how did the suggestion return an absurdity on Google - the AI ethics committee at Google have cancelled facts, and manually edited the response to this suggestion (as against the typically automated responses curated via page-rank + AI). Welcome to 2020 - where words, facts and science have no meaning
Yeah, I believe a number of biosimilars have entered the market with steep discounts as well.
There is a fairly good piece from the youtuber Contra, it's about 2 hours and goes fairly well into the details of Cancel Culture and how the author was herself cancelled after showing a <10 second clip of a specific person in a +1 hour video. I can certainly recommend it.
I don't think we need to divide the market into specialized segments (iOS devices, luxury smartphone, etc) to make the case against Apple. They have somewhere around 50% of the global market in terms of smartphone revenue (not devices shipped).

For the App Store, which is what matters to developers, revenue was around $25 billion in the first half of 2019, vs $14 billion for Google Play Store.

It's not literally mono- but as the article notes, just having a significant share of the market (I would say 30% would be enough) allows companies to dictate prices, and iOS has more like 2/3rds of the revenue.

That's not even getting into all the restrictions that Apple puts on third-party developers, including categories of apps that you can't even make if you wanted to -- unless you're willing to sit out half the market, and assuming that Google doesn't do the same thing. As a software guy, I consider that a bigger deal than the % cut (which is not entirely unreasonable given how much of that goes to credit card fees for low-dollar-amount transactions)
You just reframed the debate into terms that suit you. Very clever and great for arguing on the internet but ultimately you won't convince anyone with these methods.
> How many founders find themselves in the situation where they need to find that one impossible solution that’ll get them out of the mess. Is it always like this?

I did found a company, and I feel like the daily job description was "get me out of this impossible mess". Every day it's something different, and very likely something that you've never experienced before. Often, the reasonable answer is that overcoming the issue is impossible, and shutting down is the right course of action. Many startups fail this way, and it's not because they aren't clever enough, just that there really is an impossible obstacle.

However, the ones that succeed generally find ways of getting around one obstacle after the next. Maybe they're super clever, maybe it's dumb luck, most of the time, it's impossible to know. However, having the mentality of taking a setback as a challenge can definitely help.

Small personal anecdote about this: when I first started my company, I relied heavily on getting Google traffic. Using best practices SEO, it kept building. But one day, Google traffic tanked around 10X. In literally 24 hours, I thought that would spell the end of my company.

But then I thought, it's ridiculous that I'm relying on Google (a third-party company that I have no control over) to send me potential customers. I should be more proactive and find them myself any way I can. I built email marketing campaigns, spent days on the phone, went to conferences, advertised... literally anything I could think of.

The google traffic tank hurt badly, but I eventually got over it. And as a result, I now have a far more robust company. Google traffic is now a nice plus for leads, but by no means necessary to keep the company growing.

The trick is to mentally transform "wholly crap, this is the end" to "okay, how do we get over this".
You’ve mentioned things that are ignored three times. Could you say what those things are?
They were never in favor, because any reference counting implementation that matches tracing GC in performance, specially on multi-core machines, ends up being a tracing GC in disguise.
I was trying out the beta and canary versions of the new Edge and installed Accessibility Insights and was pretty impressed.

I immediately thought: how come none of the other browser vendors have something like this after all of this time?
To trim the cost of a referral program, you shut down the referral program. Or cut the payout.

That's not a reason to stop supplying data entirely.
I completely agree. My goal here is to learn and debug what is happening. (intention is to backport this into tinygo)

There are a plenty of steps to make it into usable gc.
We sincerely think a text-based language is better for the web. It’s honestly weird that anyone thinks a binary format is a good webby choice. Both our browser engine people and our GPU software people agree.

Khronos basically said in that meeting that it would be fine to fork SPIR-V, which would solve Apple’s and Microsoft’s issues with their IPR framework. We’ve also discussed using a textual form of the SPIR-V format. We’ve offered all sorts of compromises. It’s Google that isn’t willing to budge, even stating in a WebGPU meeting that they never even considered what compromises would be acceptable to them. Encourage Google to be open to meeting in the middle and maybe we will get somewhere.
> So, since Apple is the only company "buying" apps from developers, they could raise their cut as high as they want and developers can do nothing about it.

No. Monopsony and monopoly don't work like that.

See eg https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monopoly_price

Basically, when a monopolists or monopsonists tries to abuse their position, they will shift less volume. There's a finite optimal cut that maximizes profits.

So: when Apple increases their cut, they'll get fewer apps developed. Marginal app developers will go work on Wall Street or flip burgers etc.
> Or, you can create a second null-like type in the language, name it 'undefined' perhaps, and return that when the key doesn't exist.

No, this isn't a solution. This is like terminating C strings with 0 characters, or terminating TSV fields with tabs. It sounds like it makes sense, until you ask "what if the terminator occurs within the data?"

Eventually someone's going to need to store undefined. It's no different than null. If it were a competence issue (which it isn't), we'd be saying that storing null in the hash table was a mistake, not something to work around with null2.
This plus destroy all cookies and accounts on shutdown... and for the international set Language switch!

Any want to automatically regenerate fingerprinting randomness?

Sites please enable 2FA and not require Captchas!
You are not the OP my reply was directed to but I'll answer your question.

> Have you ever told a woman, after coitus, how you ran the same Game on them that you've run dozens of times before? ... They'll usually just laugh it off / not take it seriously.

Nope. But to my defense I haven't had a single ONS so I don't know how my bedside talk would be in that situation. I don't see myself as a dick so I don't think I would go for the "you know what, I used that routine on all the other ladies I had sex with and in my opinion you are just a system of pleasure spots and when I press them in the right order you go to heaven, funny huh?"

And your phone blowing up means you are a cunning cunnilinguist that women like to use to get off. Not that you necessarily is a decent person.

> a) a system model is applicable b) the model can be optimized c) the optimization is fault-tolerant significantly more often than not.

And based on your comments I have a hard time seeing a decent respectful person.

But you seem to be a good lay! Are you bi?
From what I read, x.509 allows the signer to specify the curve parameters along with the signature.

And yes, the bug here would be that Windows accepted parameters B without confirming they match A, it only checked that the public key was the same.

So you have official and trusted root / intermediate cert C1 which contains pubkey 1 and parameters A, which uses privkey 1 (secret obviously).
When signing it doesn't usually specify parameters (just gets it from the trusted cert), the leaf certificate just contain the reference to the trusted cert and its public key and of course also contains the actual signature.

In the attack you reuse pubkey 1 but create parameters B and associated privkey 2, and using that you create a leaf cert that contain both the same references that an official signature would contain - except you also specify parameters B, and then supply the signature that validates only under parameters B, and then Windows accepts both the parameters and the signature.
> What exactly is a body suppose to do with this revelatory revelation? Wallow, maybe? Is wallowing being suggested here? Maybe with a side of anger at the unjustness of it all?

There's plenty that can be done to equalize advantages based on inherited wealth. A wealth tax would be simple, an estate tax is another. I don't think anyone would agree that "wallowing" would help.
For me OpenVPN server was not that hard to manually set up, but clients were really messy. I had various problems with both OpenVPN for Android and Tunnelblick (for macOS), where the latter were problematic enough for me to switch to WireGuard with no regret.
Tell that to the 3 billion people who are just scraping by with no local government help.
Ah that makes sense. I did the "non thread safe" version of this paper for our webassembly support (Because at the time, Boehm didn't support it)
https://github.com/remobjects/IslandRTL/blob/master/Source/S...

But the threadsafe one does have a lot of raw edges, and I couldn't get that one working.
Apple’s rack-mountable Mac Pro is now available
There is more going on besides price. The review process is also completely arbitrary. I don't like the whole thing that the only place to get apps is the app store. I will never buy any apple device as long as that is in place.
Book links are shrouded Amazon affiliate links (tag mickaelriga-20).
I think the reason is that is that Pi has brought Linux in the flavour of Debian to the general public, many won't understand the concept or importance of an OS or how it can be portable; It's Raspberry Pi's "Software".

The second and more likely reason is that Raspberry Pi are keywords that help get you in the hands of your target audience, I'm guilty of it on my blog. If you're running a Debian server on x86, you're probably not the target audience for a "simple" VPN tutorial.
Chez lacks a built in OOP system, but there is nothing prohibiting you from adding something like CLOS which does all python does and more (much faster than python).

Most modern lisp compilers do a lot of different things to make CLOS fast, though, prefilling caches and all that for you. Not only that, you can connect to a running program and redefine it while it is running.
I tried unciv[1], which is an open source 2D clone of civilization V. What I thought was going to be a 10 minutes playtest ended up taking most of my afternoon, it was surprisingly compelling.

[1] https://github.com/yairm210/UnCiv
Certain byte sequences are invalid in unix filenames too. So that can't be the factor that decides if they are bytestreams or not.
HN pill - There could be an app for everything, every activity, and every device could be connected to the internet. Your life is a SaaS subscription. The least valued tech company should be worth at least $1bn.

In all honesty, this pill stuff is crap.
Not a problem if Fedora decides this. But it is a problem if systemd decides this. Lennart needs to learn he doesn’t get to push his preferences on everyone, which this is. No it doesn’t cause problems. Yes it’s a preference, keep your hands off of it.
Sure, but you could do a find before accusing all other commenters of "egregious" not reading of the article.
This is a moved story.
Next up: Nintendo, Microsoft and Sony's game consoles?
My first job out of school was writing an OS from scratch for a new device. This was at a FAANG. Couldn't be happier. It depends on the opportunity.
Sports aren’t zero-sum. When two teams play each other, they’re both enriched whether they win or lose. They both get practice, they both make money.

If it’s zero-sum, how can a team with a losing record continue to operate indefinitely?
> because modern jet engines are just that complex on all accounts?

It's indeed not about computers. Jet engines in the 1950s were designed without computers.

I do know of a couple from-scratch replicas of Me-262s that were built. The only differences were:

1. no machine guns

2. modern instruments

3. modern helicopter turbine engines were used

Nobody wanted to fly with the jet engines of the war years. I recall those engines had a life expectancy of 20 hours. (Or maybe it was 2 hours, not sure.) It was mainly the metallurgy that did them in.

I think they strengthened the nose gear, too, as it had an ugly tendency to collapse on landing.
I'm still skeptical. It seems like this approach would be harder than making a biosimilar drug, which still takes >$100 million and 5-8 years.

Pharmacies are not allowed to fill will biologic generics without FDA bio-interchangeable approval, which no biologic in the US has obtained. They would not be able to substitute an alternative drug either.
That would make the attack plausible, but I wonder where these parameters are in practice.

I tried creating a cert with custom curve parameters here:
http://dpaste.com/1Q2MYWF

It seems the parameter block is all part of "Subject Public Key Info". The signature is just a binary blob at the bottom. But openssl doesn't really break that down, does this signature have its internal encoding that allows supplying additional parameters?

And if that's the case: How does that make any sense? It sounds like just asking for trouble. (I mean... there never can be a situation where the parameters of the signature do not match the parameters of the key.)
Some (especially MMO) are designed the same way modern social networks are: to make you spend as much time as possible in-game. This increases the number of players, which makes the game more attractive.
Terry Pratchett's Going Postal has a bit of that.
It looks kind of interesting, but for me these are the bar to beat, "modern" without GUI tooling, automation and reporting capabilities just isn't interesting.

https://jmeter.apache.org/

https://www.radview.com/

https://www.smartmeter.io/

https://www.loadview-testing.com/

https://smartbear.com/product/ready-api/loadui/overview/
Thats cool.

I think assemblyscript has implemented it. Something you might be interested to explore
This only works in growing industries. In many industries the answer has been lets see if there is a department in 3 years.
This is nothing new. Our parents all saw this already 50 years ago wherever they were working at the time.
Wednesday: The Image, Part Two
This isn't really different from the multiple values approach. For example, python could have table accesses return (None, True) for a None value that was present, (None, False) for a value that wasn't present, (5, True) for a 5 value that was present...

Is that multiple values? (Yes.) Or a wrapper type? (Also yes, it's a tuple, a collection of values.) This works, but it's unpopular because it makes every table access more difficult.
Nova did a great episode where they unfroze a B-29 that had landed in Greenland during the war. The engines were rebuilt on the spot, out in the open. New propellers were fitted.

The engines ran fine, they were taxiing it for takeoff, then the airplane caught fire and burned to the ground. It'll make you cry.
I'd say dgraph (https://dgraph.io/) is closest competitor but Neo4j (https://neo4j.com) as well which has longer heritage.

I'd also include redis because of the graph module (https://oss.redislabs.com/redisgraph/).

I've likely missed a bunch of others. Add them as I'm interested in graph db and have only scratched the surface myself.
It's a followup to a story that got nearly 600 votes two days ago and spent a long time on the front page, so most of us are well aware of the context, but which project it is is beside the point. The bug was interesting and the debugging and conversation about it was interesting. https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=22028581
People have definitely run out their line of credit with their parents.
Let's see, why would a tech company blindly hire a visually impaired person?
I find it strange that when people defend so called “race science” today a common argument seems to be along the lines of “this is correct because some people have negative emotional response to something”. While having a negative emotional response to something certainly isn't an counter argument in itself and isn't a pro argument either! A viewpoint isn't correct merely because it pisses some people off.

Either way, as far as I know, biologist haven't really considered human races to be biologically meaningful category for quite some time now opting clines[1] which are not discrete, but gradual genetic variations over geographic areas, nor does it follow the traditionally defined racial lines. This is why I'm quite suspicious of people pushing so called “race science” as AFAIK it simply doesn't seem to have evidence behind it, rather, it seems to have specific political viewpoints behind it generally.

[1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cline_(biology)
yeah. But for multithreaded I figure there's little chance I can do better than Boehm (especially considering the testing involved in this).
Terminal/Console User Interface in .NET Core
I thought Apple was the originator of the 30% cut for app stores, and everybody else followed suit?
I’m not sure what you mean. No company can legally discriminate against you for a disability assuming you are qualified to do the job.
I definitely do, but only in preparing for the first interview. Your top bet through my front door is a tidy 1-2 page CV, fronted by a two paragraph intro that shows me your motivation and fit for the position, preferably in a very personal way.
For people asking why is blockchain needed in this scenario, I have added a comment below the article explaining why it would be far more robust than using a QR code etc.
"When people think you're dying, they really, really listen to you, instead of just waiting for their turn to speak.”
I feel like European banking is so much better than the U.S. You can do so much on line, and everything is way more secure.
Other news reports that the stardust is 7 billion years old.
For example:
https://www.livescience.com/oldest-material-on-earth.html
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murchison_meteorite
As a reddit user it is hard to resist throwing around the quick quips that one would expect to find but really just makes the content worse.
There really is something about the HN environment that makes one take that extra moment to think things through and write a constructive argument instead of mindless jokes.