skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
I am in a related field (mathematics) and can pass along some (related) advice for a question I asked several people in the department: when do you find time to read papers and stay up to date with recent developments?

Most people said they read arXiv/papers first thing in the morning while having coffee to wake up. This advice has inadvertently helped reduce my wasted warm-up time since it is difficult to really think in the morning. I don't know what the equivalent of reading arXiv is for software development... reading HN?... so maybe you have already arrived at the solution :)
I think this highlights the value of the brand, the tangible counterpart of “hype”. What the sceptics call starry-eyed fundamentalism is a valuable revenue stream, for whatever reason. Tesla successfully created a story of being the only cool kid in a room full of dinosaurs.

All other points good too, but didn’t see this mentioned.
Windows is proprietary though. If Google starts dictating too much of what you can and cannot install on Android then they'll get dinged with another anti-trust suit.
are you performing when you socialize with people?
According to https://research.fb.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/Scaling-u... the benchmarks were run on "Intel Skylake CPUs with 18 physical cores and 64GB of RAM."
Because QIC is UDP based, Chrome first runs a race with TCP just in case you're sitting behind some device that blocks UDP.

I wonder how much bandwidth this will waste globally.
Thanks!

> "I later learned that blind people can 'hear' thunderstorms because the low frequency can be sensed in the body"

Huh. Amazing no one has commented on that.
We shouldn't be looking for analogies, we should be looking for theories consisting of precise concepts that directly explain what is happening in the universe.
Tesla is already on that sort of - there is a contact page about hosting superchargers but I am uncertain of the precise details.
It's all about data collection and metrics. Given how bad many of them are, I suspect many of the authors of the preloaded apps don't actually care if the user ever interacts with them. It's trivial to uninstall a 'normal' app, but disabling it (to the extent possible.. some of them are pretty nastily embedded) is something that most users likely aren't even aware is possible.
PSF does not object to people who keep Python 2 compiling and running, such as ActiveState (https://www.activestate.com/company/press/press-releases/act...).

This case is different, because it's a project that uses the Python name, but actively adds features to the language. This is the classic example of brand confusion - someone might try to use it, find something to complain about, and PSF's reputation suffers as the result. They also get support overhead from the users of the fork (even if all they do is tell them to go away, that is still triage time that could be spent on other issues).
Ok, yeah, maybe mercurial's case was special, but still, this seems like they made it harder on themselves needlessly.

> One was that the added b characters would cause a lot of lines to grow beyond our length limits and we'd have to reformat code

ORLY?! Well, guess what: hard line size limits are stupid. Now you know why.

That's why "foolish consistency is the hobgoblin of little minds" is one of the 1st phrases of PEP-8.

But I'm tired of people saying "oooh let's cut all lines to be under 80-characters" like it's some kind of Biblical Mandate. No, it isn't. And the 80 chars limit is BS. Probably the part I hate the most about PEP-8 (and especially how people interpret the PEP-8)

> is its insistence that the world is Unicode

Oh please. Yes, the world is Unicode. Get over it. Maybe not bytes on disk/network. But apart from that? Yes. If libraries take bytes or unicodes I can agree it's a thorny issue, but let's move on because a happy day is a day where I don't get an UnicodeDecodeError because Python2, to add insult to the injury thinks the world is not only not Unicode, but it's all ASCII.

Windows made the right call a long time ago when it decided to make all strings Unicode. Ok, maybe UTF-8 would be better than 16, but it still does the job.

But I have to agree with them that any version < Py3.4 or 3.5 was really not worth it.
That’s what states are for (caring about the bigger picture in the social contract). In Spain, for example, it doesn’t matter whether you hire males or females, as both will be having 16 weeks of paid leave by next year. If there is no breastfeed, father and mother can basically do the same things (fathers can also take time off for bottle feeding).
Not only is it not irrational, we're also ignoring what we're being forced to give up because of all these cars. Kids can't just run or bike around their neighborhoods safely without worrying about (or their parents worrying about) them being killed. So kids are just staying inside all the time, playing video games and getting fat.
We're Giving Away an Apple Pro Display XDR ...Stand
> Having lived in areas with very high unemployment rates, there's not much good to say about them.

Indeed, and for this precise reason incentivizing unemployment by supporting the vaping and video game habits of the unemployed is exceedingly bad social policy.

Suppose government didn't do redistributive welfare. If you're a typical HN user, you'd probably then end up with tens of thousands of extra dollars a year saved on taxes. Would you then use these tens of thousands of dollars to help your own neighbors enjoy life of vaping and playing video games?
Edit: It's much more than that, it seems:

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=22024794

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=22028225

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=22031634

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=22034394

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=22037443

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=21888049

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=21944090

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=21971195

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=21984824
Same here. The previous method was a massive SQL file. Moving to the DB project made such a difference in maintainability.
My current ILEC "offers" 100 Mbit DSL, but you have to be within a certain distance of their main infrastructure (I forget what it's called. DMARC, maybe?)

This means it offers 100 Mbit service, but at my house it actually maxes out at 8 Mbit.
As others have said, you'll need to stand in line. I recommend going in a warmer month if you can. When I was there, it was March 2013, and it snowed/sleeted the morning of. Luckily, at one point they handed out paper tickets designating your place in line and at that point you could go to the closest cafe to warm up.

Also, at the time, they only allowed the first 50 people in line to be able to sit in the audience to view the entirety of the oral arguments. No idea if it's still the same 6 years later or not. If you were in spot 51+, you had the opportunity to join a rotating group of audience members who would get to enter the court room and view about 10-15 minutes of arguments, before being escorted back out and replaced with another group.
Below is a link to the original study

https://www.issms2fasecure.com/assets/sim_swaps-01-10-2020.p...
> What problems can you solve with NLP?

It's mostly understanding text and generating text. You can do named entity extraction, question answering, summarisation, dialogue bots, information extraction from semi-structured documents such as tables and invoices, spelling correction, typing auto-suggestions, document classification and clustering, topic discovery, part of speech tagging, syntactic trees, language modelling, image description and image question answering, entailment detection (if two affirmations support one another), coreference resolution, entity linking, intent detection and slot filling, build large knowledge bases (databases of triplets subject-relation-object), spam detection, toxic message detection, ranking search results in search engines and many many more.
As a counter point to this, gas in Atlanta costs $3.11 for premium. A BMW 3 series gets about 30mpg. Driving 1000 miles per month in the BMW costs $104 in gas.

GA Power offers $.01 per kilowatt hour rates in the middle of the night. A Tesla Model 3 gets 2.91 miles / kWh. Driving 1000 miles per month in the Tesla costs $3.44.

Fueling the Tesla costs $1200 less per year than the BMW if you drive an average number of miles, and we haven't even gotten to the cost of oil changes and brake pads.
You won't have $1000/mo for food when your landlord raises rent by $1000/mo.

As I said, the actual economics around this are more complicated, but the paraphrase/summary is that if nobody has to work for $1000/mo and everybody gets $1000/mo then $1000/mo will be worth practically nothing, with staples & necessities rising to consume that.

If we exclude rent from consideration, and apply the economics of UBI to just food: the average price of 1 Calorie (of which you need ~2000/day) rises $0.016, or $32/day. For a baseline reference, I regularly make healthy meals at $1/plate. Congrats, you've just increased the cost of food to at least $35 per day - precisely because "everyone now has $1000/month, free".

If we then roughly combine that with housing (as primary costs): I figure a normal baseline poverty minimum of $10/day for living space & utilities plus $3/day food, but then you're adding $32/day available which those necessities will instantly absorb (supply-and-demand) ... ergo you've just increased poverty-level living costs by 3.5x!

Unintended consequence: giving everyone $1000/month increases the cost of a $1 hamburger to $3.50. Now the beggar with $0 has to find/panhandle close to four times as much to afford something barely considered a complete meal. This is not what you had in mind.
Ask HN: Anyone feel Stack Overflow is becoming less helpful and more snarky?
Immediate downvote instead of helping, snarky comments - there was a time when it was awesome, not so anymore. Anyone else feel the same?
No, I really don't. But there's a biological reason for that: women have a choice that men do not. Many women who want to become stay-at-home (and, increasingly, single) mothers choose careers that prepare them for that (which do not include software development).

Men don't really have that choice, so naturally men are overrepresented in other life choices.

How many men do you know who planned to have a child and raise it on their own, without a mother, and therefore studied education and medicine to prepare to be a better primary caregiver? How could that even be made a viable option for men without forcing women to have children against their will?
Can you please not post in the snarky or flamewar style to HN? It's against the rules, and evokes worse from others, as demonstrated below.

We're trying for thoughtful conversation here. If you wouldn't mind reviewing https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html and taking that spirit to heart, we'd be grateful.
>E.g. if we took the extreme measure of banning any and all vehicles, period, then millions of people might die because economic networks sustaining society would collapse.

There's plenty of cities outside the US where most people do not use personal cars to get around, and where it's perfectly safe to get around by bike. Just look at Amsterdam and Copenhagen. The economies there are doing just fine, and much better in fact than many American cities.
I was a co-founder of Newspaper Club (https://www.newspaperclub.com) (but left a few years ago). They do this sort of thing, such as printing internal and public papers for Facebook, Mailchimp and Spotify, amongst others.

We briefly ran a full online marketplace for individual copies printed on demand and shipped, with a revenue split, but it was too difficult to make the economics work.

However, if you need to print a few hundred copies and send them all round the world, I expect they can organise that.
Fair enough, but then how is an entrepreneur like myself expected to get the necessary capital to create an operation?
I think Six works pretty well for a certain percentage of projects, and then completely blows up for others.

Same thing applies to using Mypy. Some modules are easy to add annotations for, other modules have insanely complicated types.
Eh, people have been raided and charged for the distribution modems and running websites. But cases of theft of service for running a hacked modem are nearly non-existent.
Sometimes it pays to experiment a little. We had a similar annual performance reviews in an old BigCo. Everyone had to write a paragraph of text for 8-10 goals, plus an overall self-review. Then a manager had to review and provide comment for each section. I put something like "I think I did alright this year" in overall comment, and ignored other goals. Later during performance convo I saw that my manager put "Agree" as his comment, and told me that my review was easiest to do. No one really cared about that shit (with the exception of PIP).
> Lack of security updates past 2019 forced our hand. Did you find a way around that?

Amazon is maintaining Python 2 for at least 4 years, as part of their Amazon Linux long term support release. Google app engine will support Python 2 for an unknown amount of time; they haven't announced an end date. PyPy is Python 2, with (to the best of my limited knowledge) no plans to deprecate support. There are also other LTS releases out there which include Python 2 support.

IOW, the forcing function of the PSF no longer supporting Python is not as big a factor as was hoped.
What if you use a different google account only for this?
You're not alone. It feels something like releasing hundreds of rubber balloons into the air, pointless and arrogant.
It seems like a lot of the cost was when system libraries made different choices than Mercurial would have made. For example, the Python 3 filesystem libraries often used unicode as a wrapper around an underlying bytes interface, and Mercurial really wanted to be able to pass bytes directly to the underlying interface. So it isn't just that they had to update their data types, they also had to adjust code to work with system libraries of slightly different semantics.
MOND has nothing to do with dark energy, and the article suggested nothing about anything addressed in MOND.

MOND is an attempt to make dark matter an unnecessary assumption.

No opinion on whether some MOND will turn out to work better than dark matter.
I think this is an important distinction that a lot of people don't realize.

When non-terrestial television became big, North America went largely with cable, while Europe went with satellites. Thus, the infrastructure was already in place for NorthAms to get high speed internet over their existing coax connections.
I read my Kindle content on the smartphone I already own.

¯\_(ツ)_/¯
When using BERT (and all the many things like it, such as earlier ELMO, ULMfit and later ROBERTA/ERNIE/ALBERTa/etc) as the 'embeddings' you provide as input all the tokens in a sequence. You don't get an "embedding for word foobar in position 123", you get an embedding for all the sequence at once, so whatever corresponds to that token is a 728-dimensional "embedding for word foobar in position 123 conditional on all the particular other words that were before and after it'. Including very long-distance relations.

One of the simpler ways to try that out in your code seems to be running BERT-as-a-service https://github.com/hanxiao/bert-as-service , or alternatively the huggingface libraries that are discussed in the original article.

It's kind of the other way around compared to word2vec-style systems; before that you used to have a 'thin' embedding layer that's essentially just a lookup table followed by a bunch of complex layers of neural networks (e.g. multiple Bi-LSTMs followed by CRF); in the 'current style' you have "thick embeddings" which is running through all the many transformer layers in a pretrained BERT-like system, followed by a thin custom layer that's often just glorified linear regression.
Ask HN: Why do you use a data lake instead of a data warehouse?
I'm trying to better understand why analysts and data scientists sometimes prefer to set up a data lake, which I define as: "a collection of files, in an open-source format like Parquet or Orc, in a blob-store like S3". I often hear two reasons:

- Cost

- Supporting data science workloads

However, the emergence of data warehouses that separate compute from storage, like Snowflake, BigQuery and Redshift RA3, has drastically reduced the cost advantage for data lakes. And in my experience, data science workloads are generally compute-bound, so in principal you can just execute a SQL query from your data science environment (Spark, Python) against your data warehouse---the overhead of serializing and deserializing your data an extra time should be a tiny % of your overall runtime.

I suspect that the reason why some data scientist prefer data lakes is cultural rather than technical---basically, they have an irrational dislike of SQL and RDBMSs. However, I haven't done data science work myself in years, so maybe I'm just not getting it. Are there good reasons for using a data lake rather than Snowflake, BigQuery, or Redshift RA3? Please enlighten me!
A class-based enum pattern for JavaScript
> Iran-Contra - We sold a bunch of weapons to a country that we're now apparently enemies with

Not just now, but at the time we sold weapons to them they were an enemy; we had imposed an arms embargo on Iran and were backing Iraq’s brutally repressive regime in a war (of naked aggression aimed at territorial aggrandizement) with Iran specifically because Iran was supposedly a critical threat, and within a year of the last Iran-Contra arms transfer our military was actively engaged directly against Iran (the Tanker War.)

> The funded Contras committed a series of human rights violations and then fizzled out.

Funding the Contras, it is also worth noting, was specifically prohibited by Congress.
Tiny helpers – collection of single-purpose online tools for web developers
If commercials tell me anything about what car buyers value, there are so many other apsects John Q Public would appreciate!

John likes fast cars. And oh boy my Nissan Leaf is fun to drive! Mountain driving feels like floating silently into the air. Instant torque, no gear shifting.

John may also appreciate the extra leg room, as even a compact car gains a lot of room without a gas engine.

John also likes saving money and convenience. And while gas isn't super expensive, I wake up every morning with a full charge for about $1. Gas stations just aren't a part of my life. (charging away from home is still a PITA, FWIW)

John might also like skipping the majority of standard maintenance. No oil changes. No random belts. Less brake wear (I think?) from regeneration. Sure, after 100k you'll probably want a new battery, but it's a known cost that's dropping.

Maybe EVs need to drop the 'environmental' badge and focus on how awesome they are.
Open up your assistant, expand it to full screen, go to your user settings, then assistant, in the list of devices click on your phone and from there you can disable it.
Also, there is significant political opposition to this, specifically in the Victorian highlands.
Players Are Pushing Their Bodies to the Limit Speedrunning Ring Fit Adventure
I think his main point was that for most of us, hardware failure is considered an adequate excuse for why something works -- most of us are not expected to have software that _continues working_ when things break.
I wonder if Happy Eyeballs means that there are 4 races in total for systems under dual-stack...
I'll take a shot at trying to answer some of your questions:

1. I originally thought the Heisenberg Uncertainty principle was a natural consequence of using particles (photos) for measurement.

That's the observer effect. When quantum mechanics was first constructed, it was believed that the uncertainty principle could be explained that way. As you mentioned, today, it is considered a more fundamental feature of the theory. As an analogy, consider how a signal sharply located in the time domain gets smeared out in the frequency domain, and vice versa. It's kind of like that.

2. What does it even mean to create more space? The universe is expanding. Ok, I can accept that. But what does it mean?

Specific volume (the average volume occupied by a unit of mass) increases. If the universe was spatially finite, so would total volume.

3. I find the models for dark matter and dark energy to be... unsatisfying. I realize there's experimental evidence for unobservable mass but it feels like a fudge.

Shrugs. If dark matter turns out to in fact be just a bunch of yet to discovered particles, that wouldn't be too strange. Dark energy is more of an unknown.

4. Of course we still have no quantum model for gravity.

That's an issue.

5. I don't really understand what a fundamental force really is. Like why does electromagnetism have a repulsive opposite but gravity doesn't? When I tried to look into this I ended up down some rabbit hole of "gauge forces" and got completely lost.

For now, there's a certain amount of arbitrariness involved: We could easily construct universes that worked differently. Furthermore, gravity is special: At the classical level, it's not a regular force, but a pseudo-force (a consequence of Newton's first law). Also note that it can in fact manifest repulsively (eg via the cosmological constant). From the perspective of particle physics, it's also special because the hypothesized force carrier (the graviton) would have spin 2 instead of 1.

Why is the Higgs Field not a force?

To my knowledge, there should be an effect one could call Higgs force. It would be tiny.

6. Why are some predictions of the Standard Model so incredibly accurate (like the magnetic moment of an electron IIRC?) while others are so incredibly inaccurate (eg IIRC the QFT prediction of vacuum energy is off by 120 orders of magnitude).

Quantum Electrodynamics can be solved perturbatively. We know how to do that. Things that can't be handled that way tend to be hard.

Regarding vacuum energy, you'd have to account for every fundamental field there is to get it right, so no surprise we get it wrong. Also, given that we have no quantum theory of gravity, it's not even clear to me that it is even the right approach.

7. Why are there exactly three generations of particles (ignoring the Higgs)?

Figure that out, get a Nobel prize. It could even be arbitrary, like how it's futile to ask why a particular snowflake looks different than another snowflake created in similar conditions: Random chance.

Hope that helps a bit.
Barr Asks Apple to Unlock iPhones of Pensacola Gunman
Yeah, what this article fails to address at all is the way people like this got by historically. The truly 100% disabled were put into work houses or left on the street.

Those partly able bodied had a much more diverse array of employment/living arrangements that society accepted. i.e. you could be partly disabled and get yourself a live in job as a domestic or farm hand. This ensured your room and board was covered and that daily you worked with a group of people who understood your needs. But it virtually guaranteed you'd never have a home or family of your own.

The able bodied shirkers who didn't feel like working would do a few siffert thingsb, bum off family, work as cons or professional criminals, or find themselves a sweet job with a group of like minded shirkers or lackies that would cover for them.

This changed a bit with the middle of the 20th centuury needing so many workers but then the U.S. unleashed women into the work force. The vast majority of them were bound to outshine the bottom 11% of men easily.
Have you tried the book on Ladakh by Satie Sharma on the iPad? I loved it for exactly these reasons.

https://bubblin.io/book/ladakh-by-satie-sharma/1
Why are they calling it HTTP/3 and not just keeping the QUIC name?
What if you had to install them first?