skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
> The BMA [Bayesian Model Average, or total probability] represents epistemic uncertainty — that is, uncertainty over which setting of weights (hypothesis) is correct, given limited data

It's easy to come up with model families where a given data set has a high total probability because it has high probability in every model in the family, so the total probability on its own cannot function as a general epistemological measurement.

Unless you're already modeling a neural net it's extremely unlikely that the model family represented by your Bayesian Deep Learning system includes anything representing the actual data-generating process. It's not just me saying this; Gelman & Shalizi point this out in their "Philosophy and the Practice of Bayesian Statistics":

> ...it is hard to claim that the prior distributions used in applied work represent statisticians’ states of knowledge and belief before examining their data, if only because most statisticians do not believe their models are true, so their prior degree of belief in all of ϴ is not 1 but 0. The prior distribution is more like a regularization device, akin to the penalization terms added to the sum of squared errors when doing ridge regression and the lasso (Hastie, Tibshirani, & Friedman, 2009) or spline smoothing (Wahba, 1990)

(Although they're only talking about the prior here, it applies equally well to the total probability, which is just the mean of the data given the prior.)

It makes some sense to talk about Bayesian methods quantifying epistemological information when you have some good reason to believe that some portion of your model family accurately captures the data-generating process, or at least the parts of that process you care about and are relevant for the predictions you want to make. But that's almost never the case for non-parametric methods.
I was under the impression that it was widely considered true that the threat of jail does act as a deterrent; and that it was longer jails times (doing more so) that was open to debate. Are you arguing that, if there was no jail time for anything at all, people would not commit more crimes?
- the fines are not merely around making victims whole. There’s also just fines as punishment on top of that

- even if they are just about that, do you think that a debtors prison is going to get that money back sooner?

- given how being broke in America is basically a death sentence, I have empathy for people trying to scrape by

- (now we’re in income reporting reform!) why isn’t Harrahs reporting the wage increase? Why even give opportunities for lies/mistakes/omissions?

Even if what you said is true, putting people in jail is not super ethical nor is it useful at accomplishing much for society, for the individuals involved, and “punishment as deference” is disproved so much.

Not seeing the argument for this programs continued existence
Preston “Bitcoin is a Scam” Byrne. He has been crying wolf for years and never comes true.
You forgot about Government Bailouts. There was $3 trillion dollar bailout last year.
So clean and manicured? I am not sure what part of Paris you were in, but having lived in France for 4 years, “clean and manicured” is about the opposite of what reality is. Dog shit on side walks, people urinating in public, cars parking on sidewalks, crowded, often un-air conditioned subway trains packed with sweaty people, dingy hotel rooms, trash piled up on sidewalks, rats traveling in packs, pickpockets, prevail any graffiti.. Paris is a spectacular city with some incredible beauty, but “clean and manicured,” is a stretch outside of the marquee parks and well scrubbed tourist sites.

As far as your good experience with a restaurant, those experiences certainly happen, but try going into a bank five minutes before lunch. Or try to enter a grocery store 10 minutes before closing.. or even many restaurants; your experience was a pleasant exception, but let’s be careful not to judge a city based on a single happy experience — I would be willing to bet in your “red” area of the United States, visitors could argue similar instances of unexpected kindnesses. Humanity is generally good, but we always see the grass as being greener.. Also comparing a world class tourist city to your town is a bit unfair, plenty of blight all over France. Travel 30 minutes north of Paris and it looks like a third world country in many places. But on the French: they can be kind and inviting, no question, but for a real treat, travel to the south of France.

Zürich on the other hand is very clean, very orderly, very manicured. Vienna as well.
For profit organizations who open sourced their major products
If it's a real consequence of their actions that they're aware of, they're complicit in the continuance of that effect.
> No. The meaning of words matters. Words, used precisely, are how people with different values and beliefs can communicate and reach agreements in a functioning society. When journalists, who are supposed to inform and educate the public, twist the meaning of words in order to make a point, that’s wrong.

You're correct in that words do matter but entirely incorrect in your position, this is a debtors prison, it's literally in the name...

> Wiki: "A debtors' prison is a prison for people who are unable to pay debt."

Also starting a reply with "No" makes you seem like an asshole and invalidates much of your credibility and people's desire to hear you out. The GP had a well reasoned (and correct) response to your original comment but you proceeded to devalue it with 2 letters.
Not true in the South of France. Boisterous, fun, loud.
Old boss of mine had a great line: "two points always make a line, but three usually makes a triangle"
The reason is cultural is because the weather forces you to do things at afternoon/night when it has cooled down.
I definitely believe that the culture has been influenced by the weather so ultimate it's the weather.
This becomes apparent any time I try to 3D print something that will interact with an existing structure.
Ask HN: How to access IaaS and on-prem applications in zero trust fashion?
We are an enterprise with about 3000 employees. We have recently started moving some of our workloads to public cloud, and as a result of that we are looking at re-architecting our access for our private applications. With our on-premise deployments so far, we had VPN servers in our datacenter, and the users were accessing the private applications using traditional VPN based access. But we have started looking at Zero Trust Network Access, and wanted to architect our access using those principles. Couple of solutions have come up during our investigation. Zscaler Private Access, StrongDM, CloudFlare Access, Duo Access, Banyan Security. Has anyone out there tried any of those, and can tell me what are the differences among these solutions, and why they would prefer one over the other.
Depends on which level you start.

The FAO small scale aquaponics manual
http://www.fao.org/in-action/globefish/publications/details-...

The Aquaponics Farmer (some quibbles, don’t sterilise the water with UV constantly)
https://www.amazon.com/Aquaponic-Farmer-Complete-Operating-C...

Commercial Aquaponics systems, Wil Leonard (the book and other resources)
http://www.aquaponic.com.au/index.htm

Small scale mealworm farming
https://www.mealwormfarming.org/
Premature abstraction. Rule of 3 helps. But I found better principle for it:

Any abstraction MUST be designed to be as close as possible to be language-primitive-like. Language primitives are reliable, predictable, and non-breaking. If they do, they don't affect business logic written on top of it. If parameters are added, defaults are provided. They don't just abstract, they enable developers to express business logic more elegantly.

The challenge is to pick the part of the code abstractable to be primitive-like first and make it a top priority.

This is why language features like Rust async, Go channel-based comm, ES6, C++ smart pointer was such hype in their time and is used up until now. It also applies to enabling tools such as React, tokio, wasm-bindgen, express, TypeScript, jquery (even this which is not a thing anymore).
Lessons from self-publishing a technical eBook
If you're going to plug referral links for credit, may I suggest that you switch to significantly cheaper services that are also privacy focused? You can choose from mailbox.org, mailfence.com, runbox.com, migadu.com, mxroute.com, posteo.de (no own domain support), Tutanota, ProtonMail and many more.
>Or what if these central bankers are geniuses manipulating the quantum mechanics of our economy in a way that will just always seem like nonsense to outsiders.

If you think deeper into it, you will see that the U.S. economy does not exist in a closed loop. For instance, most of the physical goods we use gets produced in China. The profits from producing them flow back, since purchasing real estate in the politically stable "West" is much more reasonable than holding your capital in China where you can get killed over it. A similar process happens to the Saudi oil money and the VC market. Although it might look like the central bankers have found a wonderful way to make money from thin air and make everyone happy, I think we are actually just slowly selling off strategic assets to the external buyers and spending the proceeds to buy trinkets.
To me this is an answer. I think somehow you're not understanding what I am implying.

These guides I linked to are there because when the software is being installed, it asks for these guides to be applied, to make the apps work. The modifications added to the cracked applications by the crackers take them off Apple's trusted developers list. So the only way to get some of them to work is to disable SIP and GateKeeper. This move then makes the user's computer vulnerable to all malware, because most forget to turn them back on. They also often don't know about the importance of these security features in the first place.

I am not concerned for your safety - I trust you will be safe. I am scared for the user I described above.

I hope this make it clearer.

I won't bother replying to more of your messages until you can show that you've actually tried this all out on a VM, because otherwise we just won't be talking about the same thing.
I worked in a supermarket in high school and in college. We had a produce section. Even a decent selection of organic. We still had a large segment of shoppers who stocked up on 3 liter sodas and microwaveable pizzas, exactly the kind of stuff people can now buy for cheaper at a dollar store. My guess is banning dollar stores is a form of lobbying by their competition.
How is google docs a terrible word editor? Do you mean that it lacking the advanced but rarely used features of word?
Embezzlement
I was considering setting up a Nextcloud instance as a replacement for Google Drive. I did some math and realized that I’ll be paying a lot more on that route - 1TB on Lightsail+S3 vs Lightsail+SSD vs Google Drive. The last was by far the cheapest.

Are there ways to bring down this cost? I know some people argue that I could use that host for other self-hosted services to amortize cost but i don’t pay monthly recurring fees for a lot of other things (but I do for Google Drive).
The safety critical stuff for disengagements and torque limiting etc. runs in real-time in C code on an STM32 micro.
s/tuple/coordinate
Ask HN: How does one get started in Product Management?
Tail-call optimization fucks with your ability to have correct stack traces when an exception is thrown.

Safari/JScore, the only browser to implement TCO solved this using shadow stacks.
The only valid answer to your question is "probably"
That really sucks for your dad and this may be hard for you to answer objectively given your proximity to the situation but imagine if the guy who robbed your dad got tossed into this place with $100k + court fees and maybe child support if he had kids.

At minimum wage pay, with ~20% of his earnings going to pay down the debt that's effectively a life sentence. My question to you is, does that seem fair for what is essentially a white collar, non-violent crime?
I would say that if your only problem with Scheme is the lack of static typing, as opposed to the litany of other complaints that are popular, then Typed Racket is a serviceable language. I would say it’s type system is at least equal what you get in C++ or Java. It is not as expressive as Haskell (but really what is that doesn’t go full Idris/Agda/ATS), but there are some #langs making headway to that space.
Aren't all punishments deterrents tho?
Why would you ever sign one of those?
I've not heard of Rogue Bit before, but it looks really cool and intriguing, so I just bought a copy. Thanks for contributing to the indie game world!
Hey @leadership101 how things are going for you?
Well we've given google everything else, we may as well give them all our healthcare information too.

So glad our corporate surveillance masters are teaming up to infiltrate every aspect of our existence.
Tests should also be treated as a form of documentation. A test should reflect the way you'd use the code in real life as closely as feasible.
It's amusing to see lot of people will write so much code and then skimp on just few lines of install script. The author here expects that everyone knows Haskel and how to install its "stack". 5 stupid lines of the install script. What fractions of time that would have taken in the total time spent on this project?
> "Norstroms" is valid.

Well, strictly speaking, that may not quite be the case, eh?

> You didn't need to make such a condescending comment.

Now you have me at a disadvantage. I honestly did not mean any condescension. I meant the comment as light-hearted, humorous, and supportive advice. The mention of "typoe" and "apostrophe's" was in that spirit: even those of us who grew up speaking English often get it wrong.

The wonderful thing about English is that even when you do get the "rules" wrong, it may still be cool as long as people understand what you meant.

If I said something that came across as condescending or mean-spirited, could you help me and share the specifics, so I can do better next time? Thanks!
I wonder if universities still have 24 hour libraries. We used to live there. Slept there many times.
Reading I understand. Going to bars, sure. Combining them? I've been doing that for decades now. But swarming in large groups on social spaces and behaving antisocially? I'd honestly never considered that for some reason.

What's next? Attend city council meetings just to play sudoku in large groups?
A large undiscussed issue here is that low (and negative) interest rates have hidden the risks of wage stagnation on consumer demand. That obviously has economic consequences, but it could get to socisl unrest pretty fast.

Your dad could afford to buy a Toyota Corolla and a new mid-line TV in 1980. You can afford to finance one with low interest rates in 2019. But your son won't be able to afford those things with spiked interest rates and more restrictive lending paradigms.

A tangible example is carmakers offering 0% loans at 5-6-7-8 year terms. Even though fewer customers can afford the price in cash, or with a more conservatively priced 10%-APR 4-year loan, sales numbers remain high.

If the day of reckoning comes, and interest rates return to historically normal levels, or dramatic 1980s levels, it's going to break that illusion. Will consumers be angry when they realize they can't even have the quality of life they've grown accustomed to?
I tried averaging the weights from a bunch of differently-trained neural networks for a Loss.jpg detector once.

If you think about what sort of brain you'd get if you "averaged" a few hundred geniuses' brains by blending them into a soup and adding some gelatin to a brain-sized sample, yeah, that's about the level of intelligence I saw in the "average neural net." It was basically in a constant state of seizure.
Many of the lower income neighborhoods in CA have demographics that tend to shop more at ethnic markets. I wouldn't be surprised if they had a hard time competing against carnicerias like Northgate
Any of these rules comes with "use your best judgement" and not drive off a cliff blindly following it.
> I also think that a salaried engineer who thinks that a piece of code he or she (but almost always he) wrote is "his" or "hers" is totally wrong

This. If some developer get offended when there is some issue in their code or the way it got implemented either they are not mature enough or there is a cultural issue in the team.
They do anyway, because there is no negative consequences for publishing multi-author papers, just not rewarded at first appointment (this is mainly because they failed to figure out which fields have their authors ordered and which have it unordered).
1) The default firmware on the consumer routers I've had failed to support even the most basic features, like VLANs and virtual wifi interfaces. Forget about custom routes, firewall rules, dnsmasq options, dynamic DNS or anything else.

2) It doesn't come with the source, so it fundamentally cannot be trusted. A router that can't be trusted isn't very useful, and so proprietary router firmwares are simply unacceptable on their face.
<speculation>

It's not an algorithm, it's some overjealous dev/PM with not many important tasks on hand except for a little incident which he made big deal out of it by downloading all dirty words and do string contains.

</speculation>
Are there any complete implementations of R6RS?
How would you turn f(x != 1) = 0, f(1) = (has no value) to be continuous?

Because it sounds like you’re simply redefining the terms. At which point you might as well be using “Spork”. Because, defining a new system has zero impact on a different system.
I think it's ok to blame leaders for such things. That will make them foresee and prevent those from happening, knowing they will be blamed.
> Rewriting your teammate’s code without a discussion is a huge blow to your ability to effectively collaborate on a codebase together.

Debatable. Detachment to one's code is as important as being passionate in delivering requirements and enabling people with your code. A better approach: Anyone should objectively weigh the effect of a change whether it is communicated or not. If it turns out better, the change should be allowed for the sake of delivery, improvement, and knowledge sharing.

> My code traded the ability to change requirements for reduced duplication, and it was not a good trade.

An excellent point from danabramov. Premature abstraction is an ugly creature waiting to ambush you couple months in the future. By that time you'll forget why you did it in the first place and have written a lot on top of that abstraction.

I've been through a phase where juniors and intermediates (a lot of them) are obsessed with abstracting duplicated codes (not their fault, they were at the wrong place at the wrong time while receiving the principle that abstraction is always good).

I meditated for a while on it and found a principle to avoid this issue:

Any abstraction MUST be designed to be as close as possible to be language-primitive-like. Language primitives are reliable, predictable, and non-breaking. If they do, they don't affect business logic written on top of it. If parameters are added, defaults are provided. They don't just abstract, they enable developers to express business logic more elegantly.

The challenge is to pick the part of the code abstractable to be primitive-like first and make it a top priority.

This is why language features like Rust async, Go channel-based comm, ES6, C++ smart pointer was such hype in their time and is used up until now. It also applies to enabling tools such as React, tokio, wasm-bindgen, express, TypeScript, jquery (even this which is not a thing anymore).
I slapped my forehead seeing the dashed borders... Why didn't I think of that before?
But you also need to be careful. The slow password hashing can be exploited for Denial of Service attack. You may want to rate-limit the APIs that use the hash algorithm.
Nice to have all that power on the command line. The system uses the notation with square brackets for function calls, e.g. Sin[x], so ppl familiar with Mathematica will feel right at home.

The SymPy Unicode output mode also does a pretty good job on the command line. You can try here https://live.sympy.org, for example https://live.sympy.org/?evaluate=(1%2F2)%2F3%20%2B%202%2Fsqr... (see Settings on the side to turn off LaTeX rendering)
Ask HN: What subscriptions do you feel you get the most value out of?
And there's the third and most important property: constant time. timing resistant. Usually not too fast and not too slow, but always in the same speed for each input. no shortcuts.
Remember when they used to have the big halloween celebration in the SF Castro? They cancelled it when gangsters from the east bay showed up and decided to start shooting each other.[1] This is why we can't have nice things in America. You have to charge an entrance fee or have a doorman checking ID and bouncing gangsters at any public nighttime event where you have a lot of gangsters around unfortunately. For example, whenever I go to clubs in bad parts of town they won't let me in if I am wearing a plain color t-shirt if it doesn't have some sort of writing on it.

[1]https://www.sfgate.com/politics/article/9-people-shot-at-Cas...
What do you mean? Haskell has, last time I checked, an LLVM IR and a C backend, so it should be very portable.
This is a rather mild version of being "antisocial". Maybe 'asocial'? From an external perspective, I don't see how these people doing what they feel like is any different from, say, a bunch of people going to a bar and paying attention to only the people they came with (which is very typical).
Huh, TIL, for some reason I always thought they were for general debt.
What you’re saying is that there were a handful of bottlenecks that you caught immediately or were found with some simple profiling, right? Not that they made the mistake of writing their app in Python instead of assembly, as the article seems to imply is now necessary.
Functional program helps immensely, but I don't think you are describing it quite right. You cannot to distributed systems without concurrency. Even if you don't have low level synchronization failures, you still need to watch out for determinism. Fortunately we have the math for that (usually order theory).

I make this point as someone whose job is Haskell. Too many people expect awesome magic sauce and basically write the same old imperative stuff in functional programming languages: not in the small but in the large. There's still plenty of benefit of using a good language for that, but you won't get zomg auto-parallelism.
Depends on the amount of domestic abuse doesn't it? I think the rate is so high we should give the gall a medal and a standing ovation.
Some people, when confronted with a problem, think "I know, I'll use a testicle in an egg cup." Now they have two problems.
Ancient Northland kauri tree reveals secrets of Earth's polar reversal
Discovered this after being dragged along on a multi-hour shopping trip. Wife and daughter did their thing while I sat in the bar, drank scotch and watched a game.
In America the ownership of real estate is not an absolute right. Your property can be taken by eminent domain, by failure to pay fines, or more commonly it can be taken due to failure to pay property and/or income taxes.

If they ever need to get the foreign owners out they will set a tax on foreign owned real estate for an amount makes the investment not worthwhile.
Most banks charge a monthly service fee already anyway. So we're basically already under negative interest rates; it's just regressive ones that are a higher percentage the less money you have.
Show HN: Roadmap to Becoming a Back End Developer