Taken from the documenation:

Lisp

It's probably worth a few words specifically about the included Lisp and how it works, and how many rules it breaks ! The reason for doing the Lisp was to allow me to create an assembler to replace NASM, I was not concerned with sticking to 'the lisp way', or whatever your local Lisp guru says. No doubt I will have many demons in hell awaiting me...

First of all there is no garbage collector by choice. All objects used by the Lisp are reference counted objects from the class library. Early on the Lisp was never going to have a problem with cycles because it had no way to create them, but as I developed the assembler I decided to introduce two functions, push and elem-set, that could create cycles. However the efficiency advantage in coding the assembler made me look the other way. There are now other ways that a cycle can be created, by naming an environment within its own scope, but again this was too good an efficiency feature to miss out on. So you do have to be careful not to create cycles, so think about how your code works.

No tail recursion optimization ! There is a single looping function provided in native code, while, every other looping construct builds on this primitive. There are also two native primitives some! and each! that provide generic access to iterating over a slice of a sequence/s, while calling a function on the grouped elements. Standard some and each are built on these but they also allow other constructs to be built and gain the advantage of machine coded iteration. I try to stick to a functional approach in my Lisp code, and manipulate collections of things in a functional way with operations like map, filter, reduce, each etc. I've not found the lack of tail recursion a problem.

All symbols live in the same environment, functions, macros, everything. The environment is a chain of hash maps. Each lambda gets a new hash map pushed onto the environment chain on invocation, and dereferenced on exit. The env function can be used to return the current hash map and optionally resize the number of buckets from the default of 1. This proves very effective for storing large numbers of symbols and objects for the assembler as well as creating caches. Make sure to setq the symbol you bind to the result of env to nil before returning from the function if you do this, else you will create a cycle that can't be freed.

defq and bind always create entries in the top environment hash map. setq searches the environment chain to find an existing entry and sets that entry or fails with an error. This means setq can be used to write to symbols outside the scope of the current function. Some people don't like this, but used wisely it can be very powerful. Coming from an assembler background I prefer to have all the guns and knives available, so try not to shoot your foot off.

There is no cons, cdr or car stuff. Lists are just vector objects and you use push, cat, slice etc to manipulate elements. Also an empty list does not evaluate to nil, it's just an error.

Function and macro definitions are scoped and visible only within the scope of the declaring function. There is no global macro list. During macro expansion the environment chain is searched to see if a macro exists.