skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Great article; very interesting and well written.

A bit of a tangent, but something that bothers me is the assumption in economics that the amount of money one is willing to pay for a good is equal to the utility provided by that good. And then it follows that if I am willing to pay €2 for a coffee and another person is only willing to pay €1 for that same coffee, then I value the coffee twice as much as the other person.

But to me that doesn't make much sense. What if I am a billionaire and the other person is very poor? It could very well be that the other person values the coffee a lot more than I do, but because I have so much more disposable income than they do I am willing to pay more for it. To me, the assumption should be something like the amount of money as a percentage of my total wealth that I'm willing to pay is equal to the utility of the good.

And because this assumption is so fundamental to economics, it determines the conclusions that the field reaches. For example, the definition of an "efficient market" or the optimal level of production of some good both embed this assumption that willingness to pay equals utility. And then one can imagine that policy decisions and such are influenced by this assumption. (And in fact the article itself mentions this problem: "Another challenge is that quadratic payments, being a payment-based mechanism, continues to favor people with more money.").

So I'm wondering if anyone has looked into an alternative formulation of economics with a different fundamental assumption (perhaps something closer to the one I proposed above). If so, do certain things that are determined to be "optimal" in classical economics turn out not to be optimal in this alternative formulation (and vice-versa)? Apologies if this is a bit of a naive question; Econ 101 is the most I've ever studied the subject.
From personal experience myself and with friends, the level by which you are "startled" is in direct proportion to the proximity of the gunfire.

e.g. Hearing gunshots in the distance, you recognize they are gunshots, take note, but continue on your way. Hearing gunshots on your block or within a group you are in, you take immediate notice and react accordingly. But in either case, any time you hear them, is a reminder that the underlying fear never leaves.
> You are not the best at maintaining discipline ;)

You sound like a non-parent trying to tell a parent how to be a parent.
>and the exponential O(n^2)

You need to look up what exponential means.
funny enough, a hash code defines an order on a set
Or when someone digs up an old coke bottle.
> Idle curiosity is the best attribute (correction: skill) you can ask for in a student (any developer). Stifling it will cause a drop in creative thinking and therefore damage problem solving skills.

And meanwhile the rest of us is waiting twiddling fingers, because someone could not google that tangent or asked question anyone who is paying attention could answer.

This does not annoy just teacher. It is annoying students who were paying attention and were there whole time way more.

> If a student participates just to demonstrate participation, this is usually because the class dynamics (work politics) are skewed against the student (damaging their self-esteem), or the rewards for good performance are not distributed evenly -on merit.

When you have one-two people out of over 100 asking such questions all the time in multiple unrelated classes, the issue is not all of us or all those teachers.

> If they were participating just for show, you just helped them hone in on their skills and provided guidance on how to better participate in class (meeting/workplace).

Please, please, please, don't teach students to make meetings longer by asking tangents. That is for after meeting when those not interested can leave. Meeting moderation is literally about ability to keep discussion on point.
Medicare for All Would Improve Hospital Financing
A lot of great comments and suggestions. Something that I usually share with new developers is to get a feel for the machine. Get to know the system and its architecture even if you are writing your programs in a high level language. Try to imagine the computer as a friend that is fulfilling your request using its organs, the cores, the memory, the registers, the L1 and L2 cache and so on. Put yourself in its shoes and have some empathy for it. The discipline is usually referred to as mechanical sympathy and some of the best software I have used and studied was built around these principles.
In the sense of covering photographs in general, you don't create such a law. It's completely impractical to enforce (since photographic capture of faces is already ubiquitous in American society).

One could, hypothetically, make a law against training models on human faces. Good luck crafting that carefully enough to enforce it without undesired consequences (did we just ban training doctors on how to recognize stroke victims, or---worse---ban someone from making an automatic stroke detector that could be run on incoming patients in an ER to accelerate them to the front of the line?), but it's a better starting point than banning photographic collection of data.
I'd be willing to bet that a majority of HN readers have tape over their webcams.
She is the reporter who wrote this column. She is hired by CNN, not the manufacturer of the seats.

https://twitter.com/fl_street?lang=en
The Perfect Apartment Building Is Hiding in Plain Sight
This. Developers are a very powerful party, but completely unorganized. Everything relies on software and not everyone can build it. We make things that make the world better, but we also make things that make the world a lot worse. If we could group together and have some kind of “do no harm” oath and protections around that, the world would be a better place.
Why are you starting your argument with the assumption that unions are good for everyone? That's a very strong statement without any qualifications behind it.

I think unions historically have sometimes been great, and sometimes horrible. Two examples of unions actually making the world a worse place are the police unions and the teachers' unions in the United States.

If you wonder why we can't fix police corruption, it's because the union protects them - so you can't have both. If you wonder why we can't fix education, it's because the union actively defends teachers that are demonstrably bad for learning (and have visible apathy to the point of sleeping in class while "teaching" students) - so you can't have both.

There's more to the world than worker's rights.
Your quote is incomplete and makes it seem like they only used interviews with executives. Here's the piece you're missing in case it matters to people, and it should, since I'd be a lot more interested to read something that wasn't simply a bunch of interviews with execs.

> our research using organizational network analysis (ONA) and our interviews with executives
> But if you can create a new voter account as easily as you can create a new Gmail account

This is generally described as a Sybil attack [1].

> you just switch to a new account to lower the price of your vote. ... Or if a really rich voter with a high n-value pays someone with a low-n value to make a vote on their behalf

AFAICT the article discusses these problems:

> Perhaps the biggest challenge to consider with this concept of quadratic payments is the practical implementation issue of identity and bribery/collusion. ... Fortunately, there are technological means that can help, combining together zero-knowledge proofs, encryption and other cryptographic technologies to achieve the precise desired set of privacy and verifiability properties.

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sybil_attack
I think they are referring to this passage in wikipedia? Kinda a stretch...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_photonic_rocket#Power_...

> "A design proposed in the 1950s by Eugen Sänger used positron-electron annihilation to produce gamma rays. Sänger was unable to solve the problem of how to reflect, and collimate the gamma rays created by positron-electron annihilation; however, by shielding the reactions (or other annihilations) and absorbing their energy, a similar blackbody propulsion system could be created. An antimatter-matter powered photon rocket would (disregarding the shielding) obtain the maximum c specific impulse; for this reason, an antimatter-matter annihilation powered photon rocket could potentially be used for interstellar spaceflight."
From the content of the article it also seems like it maybe should have that title. In the body they say they won't open their messaging product to law enforcement. Nowhere does it suggest (or deny) they can open messages. Some clarity on this would be nice.
Jeez, don’t bother elaborating on anything or putting in any real effort! Just chuck out a bulleted list and feel like you did something. Ay yi yi.
I simply was not aware of Pyrogram, thank you for sharing that and pointing it out.

And yes, I admit the headline is a bit charged and its implementation does not reflect it as much as I would like.

It does not change the fact that I researched an implementation of Telethon for a use case I needed, and I didn't find it so I made it and shared it.

My involvement in ads and marketing had nothing to do with that. It's less nefarious, it just sounded cooler and was an innocent mistake in retrospect.

As mentioned above, I appreciate the mod(s) for taking the time and energy to edit the title so it reflected the implementation. This is my first shared project on HN and I am excited to finally participate and see the feedback/energy.

Thank you guys/gals!
Jury is still out in Tesla, I suspect they will still go BK at some point and that’s probably the best thing that could happen to the car imo. They could take the best stuff and shed some of the debt and musk issues
This is a fascinating collective decision making scheme. One potentially serious nitpick. In the "one dollar one vote" scheme, it makes a simplification that seems really bad. It's the same flavor of mistake as when you have the option of making a bet. If the expected return is positive, it says you should bet all of your money. In reality, people don't do this. Rational actors shouldn't even do this.

I'd love to see what an attempt at this same sort of number-of-votes-is-proportional-to-value comes to with a less simplified model of behavior. If I value outcome A at price $x and outcome B at price $y, I might not be able to afford $x^2+y^2, and this model doesn't say what I would or should do. A corresponding model that talked about how people allocate their finite money rather than a unit by unit spending description seems like it would better apply to reality.
"there is absolutely no shame in getting significant comments on a change"

I had a manager who used number of comments received on your PRs as a key metric for code quality (high=bad, low=good), and number of comments you left as a key metric for productivity (leave many comments = good reviewer). It was all numbers based with him-- LOC metrics and the like were huge as well. Every day I worked for him I asked myself "Why do I choose to do this for a living?"
I love how my comment, which was only praise of the parent comment, was downvoted - by someone I can only assume is racist.

Hacker News at its finest ;)
That's interesting. Do you have a link to the study? Also was "bad" here incompetence? Or toxicity? I would imagine they have pretty different effects.
I loved street sweepers as a kid and would always rush to the window to watch them go across our city street. I loved the idea of taking away trash/dirtyness, something about that simple purpose was cool. It was easy to understand, unlike business or insurance (what my dad did)
If you read the article, it’s talking about not putting in a backdoor, and not Facebook saying “we have access to all encrypted messages, we’re just not giving them to you”. As it stands, they’re end-to-end encrypted so not even Facebook can’t see your messages, and that’s what Barr doesn’t like
Unionization isn’t for everybody. I’ve been a member of a union. My family members are union members. I have to assume most of the people behind this tech union idea have not had much exposure to unions.

Unions are terrible, and only appropriate when your employer or industry is even more terrible than a union. That does apply to many industries unfortunately, but not Google employees. Not even close. It’s also a safe bet that tech workers will earn less under a union.

A family member works in an industry that has only a single employer within about a 500 mile radius. He has absolutely no leverage and he needs a union. Even under the net-beneficial union, he’s had many negative effects, including losing his job and requiring his family to move, because of the seniority rules that many unions have. Too many older union members moved to his (more prosperous) city, and they get scheduling precedence, so he was reduced to an on-call who was never called. He eventually got “permission” to transfer and was able to move to a remote town where his lower seniority would still allow him to get work.

I constantly hear of stories where senior union members are not doing their jobs and taking the spot of someone who really wants to be there, but it’s nearly impossible to fire them due to union rules and their proficiency in gaming the system.

Don’t get me started on teachers unions. If you have kids, that one should really piss you off.
I suggest reading “recursive make considered harmful”. It is a wonderful introduction to make, and explains how to avoid a few pitfalls most make users (including this article) run into.

In particular, the targets in the subdirectory makefiles can and should be auto-generated using make itself. There’s no need for the makefiles in the subdirectories (there is also no need to use an external tool to generate them, which is the other mistake people often make).
Summary:

The lawsuit alleges that he started a new company (while employed with Apple) with technology that he was working on (iPhone and iPad processors), and luring away other Apple engineers.

Nuvia, the company of which he's the CEO, has attracted $53 million in venture funding.
The complaint is here: https://regmedia.co.uk/2019/12/10/apple_v_gerard_williams.pd...

Paragraph 24 is interesting. Apple’s breach of contract claim is based on Williams’ alleged creation of a competing business in violation of his Intellectual Property Agreement with Apple. Apple appears to concede that Nuvia is targeted to servers and Apple doesn’t make servers. So they have a hook in there that they’ve considered developing or customizing servers. (As a factual matter, I’m not sure anybody would consider customizing servers for internal use to be in competition with selling chips for commercial servers, but that seems to be Apple’s story.)

It’s not clear what Apple’s beef is. Nuvia’s founder clearly did some organizational work while he was at Apple. Maybe that’s enough to technically breach the agreement. (Or maybe not. Without purporting to know anything about California employment law,[1] Nuvia’s motion to dismiss seems pretty robust in its reliance on California law and public policy against non-competes and restraints on employment, as well as preemption of the contract action by trade secrets law.) But what I’m curious about is what Apple thinks the damages are from Nuvia starting a business in a sector (servers) Apple hasn’t competed in for more than a decade?

It’s also curious Apple didn’t bring a trade secrets claim. The architecture of Cyclone, etc., is famously under wraps compared to AMD and Intel’s designs. Apple has gotten amazing performance out of these chips, but nobody is entirely sure how they’re doing it.

[1] Obligatory disclaimer: Not barred in California, not an employment lawyer, etc. For entertainment purposes only.
"They're version dates not version numbers" is hairsplitting. You still have external information that you must rely on to determine what state your production db is in, and that's bad.

If an on-call SRE calls me in the middle of the night asking me if he can add an index to solve a performance problem, I'd rather say "yes, no problem", not present a series of additional steps for them to jump through.

You review the script, and when the time comes to apply, recheck the database to make sure it's still the same state you generated the script against. Generally people tell you if they've made changes on live dbs that you're working on, but it's nice to double-check regardless.
From his recent memoir:

'... erosion in what Alexander Hamilton insisted at the very beginnings of the republic would be the true test of government: “its aptitude and tendency to produce a good administration.”'

'We embarked on long, unnecessary, and ultimately unwinnable wars far from home. We failed to recognize the costs of open markets and rapid innovation to sizable fractions of our own citizenry. We came to think that inventive financial markets could discipline themselves.'

Free preview, here:

https://www.publicaffairsbooks.com/titles/paul-volcker/keepi...
> Somehow engage the student in the first 5 minutes of them looking at their phone. (Beware, they may have had an emergency before the class.) If you let them be on their phone for 20 minutes straight

There is 120 of us. Why the hell should 119 of us wait till teacher engage with the one person who is fiddling phone?

And most late arrivals are not due to emergency.
Ask HN: When you read programming books, do you take notes or just code along?
That's advice that'll get people killed.

This isn't a junkie wanting your wallet. This is someone forcibly entering your home with weapons and assaulting you.

You have to assume that once you have given up the thing he wants, you remaining alive isn't high on his list of priorities.

The victim lived. He did the right thing.
The atomic family model is not antiquated. The majority of the country follows that model with research demonstrating that is the best path for success.
In my experience, this happened just as much in STEM classes, if not more.
One thing that I think would help (and would've helped the person's pr that I _just_ reviewed) is to look at the diffs that would be included, make sure the intentions / logic is clear...

As an example from said pr, a new field was added named "other"... in this particular context this doesn't have any meaning at all.. I had to look into the sql changes to see what this data was then add the suspected real name as a suggestion in the code review... don't do things like that :D...

So, all that to say, look at your diffs and do your own code review before you submit it.. make sure what you want to do is clear and makes sense...
Imply raised $30M at $350M by Andreessen Horowitz
off topic - why do you have different usernames?
Funny, I bet doitforstat.es is available. (well maybe not now)
Hahaha.. yes, if you can't tell this was a boiler plate for tracking and analyzing the activity of the wonderful seedy world of crypto.
Agreed. "Can't" implies they are unable to do it at all, which means they will not give the information to random LEO requests, because they simply can't.

"Won't" implies they select who they want to give the data to, which mean they probably give that data to other actors, without users even knowing about it.
Poopoo peepee
You are simply wrong. WTF is with all the misinformation in this thread? Of course, the big tech companies staff their projects, yes including cutting edge stuff, with BS grads. Maybe they'll expect you to do some grunt work too starting out, but that's just life. You're going to pay your dues, even if you skip college (possibly even more so)

It's not just them either, there are tons of non-FAANG jobs that pay very well and do cool things, that recruit recent grads. There isn't even consensus in the industry that further education is valuable; sometimes people don't even trust those that go this route (I think this is a bit harsh, but it's due to bad anecdotal experience).
Weight is the primary motivator for removing setback entertainment systems. Why have them, when most passengers have iPads or laptops. A WAP weighs less than several hundred "TV" screens and the supporting wiring.
> powers of 2 are as close together as you can get in the integers.

Why is that useful?

> not nearly as interesting or useful.

Why it that important in computing?
The chart shows that the average car cost now (inflation adjusted to 2019 GPB) is slightly more expensive than it was in 1959.

The argument is that people in the UK have a much larger disposable income, hence "more affordable" rather than "more expensive".
Refactoring, thinking, refactoring, thinking... will help you improve current codebase as well as discover new suitable code patterns for your need.
Good Characters Announces the Chinese Character of the Year 2019 [pdf]
Thank you. I was apparently flagged just for pointing out the same and my comment has vanished. It was relevant. QQ
I’m sure it’s useful to some people at this stage but for me I see that logins and real rest api support are future goals which makes me deeply suspicious since this kind of product has burned me about a half dozen times now... starting strong but never getting to a point where I can actually use it for real serious business work beyond the demo pre-prototype stage.

So how far away are the rest api and user login features? Bonus points if your looking to support OpenID Connect for user authentication.
I'm just throwing this out there but you can buy a used garbage truck online right now if you wanted to. Some start at ~40k.
Could you explain how you get feature parity with asciinema with script? I've always found script to be kinda useless, myself.

You can't really use it to replay things because you can't regulate the symbol speed easily. Its not very helpful for its stated purpose because it maintains every keystroke in-stream, making normal typo corrections visible and confusing. And it's certainly not very share-able or stream-able.
Sadly I do not. I heard about it on an NPR story ages ago and can't find anything about it.

Their measurements as for "bad" was largely based on their observations of teams meetings. Factors like simply being negative, insults (or close to insults, what we probabbly call toxicity today), disruptive, disrespectful, not being prepared (I found this one interesting as NOBODY seems prepared for a meeting anymore), and things like simply trying to change direction on any plans that were agreed to repeatedly.
Why is everyone so confident Facebook hasn’t already backdoored it?
Couldn't the union have some sort of democratic structure for deciding what political goals are popular and enforced? In that case it wouldn't really be any one person's political goals.
What are you going to do with 30 mins? Power nap?

Few people can manage that
I don't think secret voting is as much of an issue as people make it out to be. Vote buying would in theory be a problem with today's usual voting systems, but in practice doesn't seem to be an issue. If we're voting on Proposition 1234 and I really really care but you don't, I should be willing to pay you to vote my way. But we don't see that happening.
I'm with you. I bought my first car last year and while I had moved some money into my checking account and even got a few checks for the first time for the down payment, they offered me 0 down with 2.9% interest which I took without hesitation. At that rate, they are barely beating inflation and I just moved my money back into vanguard ETFs.
well if you help program self-driving garbage trucks, you'd technically be a driver for _every_ garbage truck
I don't understand how the n value is even calculated in the first place. It never really said. It seems like a rich person only needs to buy one more vote than the poor person to win. I guess this works if the number of rich people is much much lower than the number of poor people.

This is also interesting mostly in a theoretical sense. The rich would never let any system like this go live.