skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
I think you're conflating borrowing & spending with profit & loss, which is a separate thing. Borrowing literally just means taking money from other people. On the consumer side this means taking out loans for mortgages, cars, and credit cards. On the business side this means taking out business loans or issuing bonds. Yes, it will impact your balance sheet, but you don't calculate borrowing or spending by looking at profit and loss - these are all separate accounting categories.

What I think the author was getting at is that generally speaking, when you borrow money the "good" thing to do with it is to use it toward economically productive means. You borrow money for a car so you can use the car to drive to work to make more money to spend on things you need. Businesses borrow money from a bank or equity firm so they can build a new factory to produce more things to sell to customers. The problem is when borrowing becomes divorced from economically productive spending. In the housing bubble this took the form of consumers borrowing huge amounts of money they could never afford to pay back not so they could be more productive and spend it on useful things, but rather so they could play at being housing speculators.

Today's big issue is that businesses are borrowing large amounts of money just to do share buybacks [1]. They do this because borrowing money is so cheap right now (interest rates have been absurdly low for the better part of a decade) and they don't actually have good capital investment things to spend their money on any more. So the result is boosted share prices via borrowing, without any corresponding economically productive spending to go along with it. Student loans are another form of this on the consumer side - millions of American students rack up tens of thousands of dollars in debt (they're borrowing money from student loan providers) and then their jobs at graduation suck so they can't afford to actually spend money on productive things - too much of their income goes to paying the interest.

Related concepts you might be interested in: Velocity of money [2], Debt to GDP [3], Debt to equity [4]

[1] https://www.cnbc.com/2019/07/29/buybacks-companies-increasin...

[2] https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/M2V#targetText=The%20velo....

[3] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Debt-to-GDP_ratio

[4] https://www.investopedia.com/terms/d/debtequityratio.asp#tar...(,evaluate%20a%20company's%20financial%20leverage.
>It strikes me as implausible that even if Exxon has published all of its internal climate research it would have made a substantive difference in people's likelihood to invest

You only say this because the marketing campaign against global warming, designed by this company because of the outcomes of said research, has been so effective.
Oil usage has an inherent societal cost. Exxon knew about the cost and suppressed that knowledge, much in the way big tobacco did.

If we had known, we may have not allowed them to externalize that societal cost so aggressively or required the cost be offset in some way (investments in carbon sinks to offset usage). This would have increased the price of oil, gas and coal, hurting their bottom line, but it would have made alternatives more economically viable sooner.

Anyway, the answer is lying. They lied about the dangers of their products and should be punished for that.
Perhaps a better example - is it illegal to not disclose that your supply chain includes companies with inhumane/unethical work practices? I don't see most companies talking about how their factories are potentially mistreating folks, even though it's quite likely that they know about it.

I'm not sure how I feel about it myself, but I'm not sure how I want this to be handled as a legal matter.
The real problem is that monetary policy is only half of the coin, and the other half, fiscal policy, seems to never be enacted according to the theory. Just look at the current state of it, with record budget deficits at the height of a bull run.
It might mean that aggregate demand (consumption, investment) is low, yet that is still mostly debt fueled.

It could indicate that households wealth (capital) is too low.
If he painted something without permission on someone else's wall (for example), I don't have a problem with the owner of the wall trying to profit from it.

And if he painted something without permission on a wall owned by a Government, funded by "The People", I don't have a problem with anyone trying to profit from it via photographic reproduction (modulo local copyright / ownership laws of the country the wall is in).

Warhol made art from someone else's Campbell Soup cans and everyone loved that....
Yes. where is your fiverr? I posted on fiverr for help as well. sen de your link zetallica@zetallica.com
I thought that the “free” in “free markets” meant that corporations are free to do what they want.
14% of global emissions is from all transportation. It's a poor example.

Most of it comes from electricity production, industry, and agriculture. I guess flying an airplane is an easy target. But it really shows the actual motives when someone holds it up as an example if how we're destroying the planet.
>It is amazing to me that we live in an era with tiny amounts of inflation despite large central bank interventions, and yet Austrians still presume to claim that their theory is vindicated.

I think it is amazing to me that economists have redefined the definition of inflation from an increase in the money supply to an increase in the consumer price index. Yes, we haven't seen significant rises in CPI yet, but you cannot deny there has been hyperinflation in other sectors of the economy like equities and real estate. As far as I can tell mainstream economists don't really believe in the Cantillon effect (that inflation happens in a gradual sector-by-sector fashion) so inflation in certain sectors of the economy is unthinkable as, according to them, money is neutral and inflation always happens everywhere at the same time and that for some reason CPI is the best measure for this. This is categorically and logically wrong and does not hold up to critical analysis.

>Prominent Austrians claimed we would have runaway inflation after QE, and it just didn't happen.

Just because it hasn't happened yet does not mean it won't happen. All fiat currencies have always throughout history, without exception, and always for the same reasons, ended with hyperinflation and the total destruction of the currency. I don't see how the US Dollar possesses properties that renders it immune to monetary laws.
We're not talking about the benefits of the oil here. No one is disputing that fossil fuels have helped us advance as a society and brought about a lot of good.

What is at issue here is the willful negligence and active deception campaign by the incredible profitable oil companies to bolster their profits by deceiving and outright lying to the public to avoid those risks.

If this is not called out and punished, then it will be that much easier for the next great crime to happen, whether its face is tobacco, renewable energy, or fusion power.

Getting to the core of the matter as well in what you raised, we can have our cake and eat it too. We can have technological advances and better quality of life without throwing away our children's future and doing irreversible (on human time scales) damage to our planet. But not without zero cost. I would argue that cost would and should hit the pockets of the most profitable companies in the world first, whose profit is largely on deferred or unaccounted-for externalities that have long been swept under the rug.
You don't see too much of that in Manhattan, because the sidewalks are so crowded with pedestrians that they're terrible places to be on a bike.

But yes, in general, creating safe, protected bike lanes is an excellent way to increase safety for everyone. I've heard people complain about cyclists on the sidewalks in locations that lacked bike lanes and had speeding motor traffic, and the cyclist clearly felt unsafe riding in the road, hence the sidewalk was the least bad option. You can't be too mad at someone in that situation. It's like yelling at a pedestrian for walking on the side of the road on a road that lacks sidewalks (all too common in the suburbs). If you haven't made any accommodation for the cyclist at all (and increasingly, e-scooters, e-bikes, etc.), then don't be mad when they pick the lesser of two wrongs.
It seems boots are reserved for poor people. I've only ever seen boots on run down cars in working class neighborhoods like Crown Heights or Bed Stuy.
Or not, considering you’d still be permanently recorded in their marketing/spam database, equivalent to the “matching faces to ticket purchase details” they mention on their own website.

In fact, my biggest worry about facial recognition is not even government abuse but the marketing, ads & stalking industry which is way more efficient at stalking people than any government will ever be (see Facebook for an example).
Came here to ask for that as well.

Did a rather poor online search, and the closest I came to something on the subject I found[1] is this:

> Of this group, perhaps as few as 100 citizens - the wealthiest, most influential, and the best speakers - dominated the political arena both in front of the assembly and behind the scenes in private conspiratorial political meetings (xynomosiai) and groups (hetaireiai). These groups had to meet secretly because although there was freedom of speech, persistent criticism of individuals and institutions could lead to accusations of conspiring tyranny and so lead to ostracism

[1] https://www.ancient.eu/Athenian_Democracy/
>I've not had a single problem with them

Seconded. I get a lot of packages delivered to my local convenience store, even if I'm expecting to be in on the delivery day. I find it vastly preferable to collect the parcel at my own convenience rather than wait for the knock-and-run from an impatient delivery driver.
No, sunglasses aren't going to fix contrast sensitivity due to photophobia. As a low vision person putting on sunglasses inside just means I can't see anything.
If you are using SQL Server, you can create a SQL Server project in Visual Studio and keep all of the source code for your database objects (tables, views, functions, procedures, etc) in git.

The tools in Visual Studio will also help you create migration scripts and do schema/data diffs.
Good Artists Copy; Great Artists Steal
Why are you hung up on a binary view of this? Do you think our current usage of oil is responsible?

Do you think a corporation encouraging extensive oil use at all cost is the same thing as "oil saves lives?"

It's not.
I was responding to the blanket claim in the parent that oil kills people. In my view it's not as simple as being claimed but I am sure technically there is a case here.

The positives are also externalized. The internet wouldn't happen without fossil fuels yet it's not the oil companies who make the money on that. Many of our inventions wouldn't be possible without the ability of fossil fuels to make life easier and free up time for us, things that the oil companies does not benefit directly from. So I take issue with this idea that externalities are only negative, they are to a much larger extent beneficial in ways we don't even think about.
Mind over Matter
I can’t answer for sergiotapia, but I will say that you cannot have unconstrained immigration and high-quality public goods at the same time. Also, rapid unconstrained immigration causes equally rapid changes in culture, and it’s not unreasonable at all for existing citizens to object to that.
It looks like an ecological disaster by reading the title.

I couldn't read the article because it asked me to "login".
> - Do you want to live on more than USD 17.3k per annum?

By itself this is meaningless. What does it buy where you are? Most places that’s more than enough to live comfortably.

Anyway, money is only useful to decide who starves.
I wouldn’t doubt that hacker news has its share of fake accounts, shills, and propagandist. Just like the rest of social media, people are being manipulated by special interests with lots of money.
the major downside in comparison to a cinema is that there's nothing stopping me from pulling out my phone

That doesn’t seem to stop the people I’ve seen at the cinema, tapping away on their phones for the entire movie. I would love to go to a movie theatre that is:

1) tastefully decorated like an old-timey cinema and spotlessly clean

2) reasonably priced, both in food and ticket prices, so that families can afford to go

3) strict in its policies of restricting technology (no phone use in the theatre whatsoever) and mandating parental accompaniment for children

4) offers both healthy snacks and classic ones like popcorn, and does not use any fake butter or garbage like that
In basic accounting, profit and loss affect assets & liabilities. Profit increases net assets, lowers net liabilities.
Across the plethora of system monitoring apps who all claim they can do everything, how do you decide and identify what fits?
you are not assumed to be the problem. that's not what i am talking about. also, while objectively you are right, subjectively, every criticism feels personal. this may be easier to explain with an example from the weaker position:

if you criticize me, it feels personal. who is right, and who is wrong does not matter. we could even be both right. if the communication about work is all we have, and on top of that you are maybe a senior when i am a junior then i may well be intimidated by you, making it very difficult for me to talk to you to resolve the problem.

if on the other hand we also have an experience playing together, and in those times you appear as a very cooperative person, supportive when i make mistakes, etc, then my perception of you as a person as a whole changes, and you will be much less intimidating to me. maybe when i see you in a good mood after the game i find it a good opportunity to ask you about my last pull request.

there is of course no guarantee that that will work. but the point is, there is a chance. without that opening created through that atmosphere there is none.

to put it differently, games can be a team-building exercise. you can put other activities there, but that bonding is a critical part of a team that has difficult work to do where disagreements often need to be resolved. there has to be something that reminds us that we are still friends, and gives us the strength to pull through difficult moments.
In economics growth is a natural consequence of technological progress. And that doesn't seem to be stopping any time soon.

The big applied questions is how to manage the cyclicality - that arises in any dynamic system anyhow.
There are not as many as for example southern US but there are illegal immigrants. Usually people who smuggle themselves here but fail to get asylum but goes underground and works shitty jobs for very shitty pay. Or keep away to try to seek asylum again after some time.

You also have those that are in limbo as for example there are several countries that are not taking back their citizens if they are forced there. Afghanistan used to be one of those countries for Sweden so even if someone got a no on their asylum application they could still just say no and stay. However now Sweden has a deal with Afghanistan so people who are not leaving willingly are put on chartered planes down there.

Then there are those internally within EU like beggars who are officially not allowed to stay as long as they do but no one is checking of course.
It's not uncommon for factions of an organization to have different opinions, and for a higher-up to pick a side as a winner.

You could look at any decision any large company has ever made and certainly find advocates arguing for the opposing side.

That doesn't make every one of those decisions fraud.
The Flitcraft Parable
I remember going to see films at The Little. Man, that brings back memories. I hope they can survive this.
What are they supposed to do? There’s a difference between the letter of the law and reality.

You need deliveries and couriers to make a city work, and NYC is no different.
No. It'd take MUCH longer. Cycling, and other micro-mobility solutions like e-scooters, really are an excellent choice for many people's commutes. We just need to take away some of the street space that's been devoted for vehicles (which don't scale properly to a city of this density anyway) in order to enable more of these commutes. And once we get a lot of vehicles off the roads and replaced with much smaller bikes and such, safety will be increased for everyone, including those doing walking commutes (which necessarily includes transit users too). The fewer large motorized vehicles on the road, the less likely you are to die in a crash.
> till their deaths

When you want to use some work it can be a hardship to tell if the author is dead. Fixed expiration time is much better.
Generally yes, but you've ignored another possibility: lower cost of living such that 17.3k per annum is plenty of money to live on. This is the positive promise of automation - technology advancements could, in theory, push marginal costs for most goods toward zero over time. If these cost savings are passed on to consumers, cost of living should drop accordingly as well. This has only somewhat happened to date because the big winners of productivity increases have been the wealthy/owners of capital.

The problem, of course, is when we talk about things that cannot be produced, like land.
> I'm curious if anybody has practical experience developing a reasonably trafficked website in a similar manner.

I personally didn't develop but I've talked to people who did. The Estonian national web portal `eesti.ee` intially ran on stored procedures (and technically survived the DDoS of 2007 but was taken down "just in case" :S), later some Java garbage layer was added which significantly worsened the performance and made further development significantly harder.
The key difference is you can right full or partial traffic (by subnet) over SSH with applications not being aware - individual applications do not require SOCKS support.
> rich people were excluded from the political process entirely.

Found a few comprehensive references to Athenian democracy, including http://www.stoa.org/demos/article_democracy_development@page...

I can't find anything across any source confirming your point, and in fact, it at one point used to be the exact opposite.
Of course it's not "perfectly fine", but having some semblance of border control is the best system we have in the imperfect international environment we're in. Opening borders is not fixing the system morally, it's admitting modern civilization is a total joke (which it may be, the first world being partly the product of centuries of arguably immoral empires) and deciding to burn everything down.

You can't do away with borders in an environment where governments are at each other's throats and there's massive wealth and cultural inequality. At best — at best — the 1st world would rapidly equalize economically and politically with the rest of the world. And what would that accomplish? The refugees (small percentage of 3rd world residents who could/would migrate) come from cultures that are unable to fix their own countries' problems from within, granted often due to initial conditions outside their control. So how would they fix our problems — and we have a lot of them — which are equally out of our control to solve? And after such a grand experiment, the refugees would be hardly any better off than they are now.

Opening borders to absolve our guilty conscience about ill-gotten gains of empires past and present doesn't solve anything. It just makes us feel better. It's like shooting heroin on the titanic.
sqitch is great!
https://github.com/sqitchers/sqitch
How can I explain something I clearly disagree with?
But every editor used by web programmers has access to extensions that will manage xml.
Cycles arise in any complex/dynamic system. It's natural. Managing it should be natural too. Applying dampening on the amplitudes would help. That's basically the mandate of central banks.

Growth is the consequence of population growth and technological progress and the process of specialization (comparative advantages). All three are in pretty much full force, so it's not just growth because greed.
It’s like the “Aristocrats” joke, but instead the punchline is “capitalism!”
That is of course always an option. I said "any time", and 9:30 am is certainly a time.

But what about holding it at, say, 11 am, or 12 pm, or some other time that's later in the day and doesn't conflict with the lunch period? Then perhaps it would be OK for everybody, early risers and late risers alike. It's not like the day absolutely has to start with a meeting.

(If I wanted to punish people that like to get up early, I'd suggest holding it at 6 pm or something. That ought to cause maximum annoyance to people that are good at getting up early: not so late that it's an unreasonable demand, any more than 9:30 am is, but still late enough that it's probably going to mess about with how you'd naturally structure your work day.)
A company would pay $50k in a heartbeat for a Nobel laureate. Companies are already regularly paying $75k for an H1B with a questionable degree straight from India. Currently, does the H1B get all $75k? Not if hired through a body shop like Infosys/TCS. You can think of those body shops as a tax. Why would companies care if the tax is going to the US Government or Infosys/TCS?

$50k is just an example. This tax would be bid on. If a software engineer is really needed, then their employee could bid a large amount, say $50K, and likely be certain to obtain an H1B. If another engineer’s skill is less in demand, maybe the company bids $5k.

Is a tax going to shift the mobility? How much are engineers making in India? (US salary - Indians Salary) = Tax opportunity. Or (US Salary - Canadian Salary) = Tax opportunity. In either of those cases, that Tax opportunity is quite large.

By having a bidding process for the H1B, there’s a quantifiable signal for US Citizens to see and for politicians to act upon. It’s no longer just Zuckerberg and Satya endlessly pushing for greater H1B quotas, as the politicians would be trying to maximize tax revenue to pay for their “free” college.

Additionally, the US will no longer be getting new engineers with questionable skills to tackle a SQL migration project, we will he getting all the MIT graduates who are currently leaving for Canada and Europe. We will be getting all the graduates from all the elite schools. And those software quality jobs currently being filled by the least skilled new engineers? Within 4 years, there will be a flood of domestic STEM graduates to fill those jobs.
New evidence extraterrestrial collision 12,800 years ago triggered ice age
Classic Computer Science Problems in Python
A similar notion, in more elegant language (in my opinion) by Herman Melville in Moby Dick:

Here's food for thought, had Ahab time to think; but Ahab never thinks; he only feels, feels, feels; that's tingling enough for mortal man! to think's audacity;

God only has that right and privilege. Thinking is, or ought to be, a coolness and a calmness; and our poor hearts throb, and our poor brains beat too much for that.
I was guessing China would have the worst rivers, but that map also puts the spotlight on India. It's easy to see that general region isn't doing good. This seems like a good way stop plastics before they reach the ocean.
I bet you are thinking of things like furnaces, cars, planes, ships, etc.

But are you thinking about bottles, bags, flooring, roofing, insulation, clothes, etc?

The amount of products with oil uselessly baked in without concern to the environmental impact is incredible. Plastics have many great alternatives.

A defense of oil based on it's usefulness is not an excuse for the current state of oil usage. Stop it.