skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
If you know when a lock may be held by a low-priority thread, and take that into account when coding, then it's fine for the high-priority task to use that and wait. You get a kind of priority drop, but you're expecting it so it's ok.

But you have to know, and often you don't, which is when priority inversion is a problem.

An example of a class of PI problems occurs when you take a lock on something that everyone agrees is only to be locked for a bounded time, for example, always updating a structure with several fields by taking a lock, updating the fields together, then immediately unlocking it.

Then, your high priority task uses that lock, assuming the delay when doing so is within the bounded time multiplied by the amount of contention at that priority and higher. Often the multiple is exactly 1, for a high priority RT task.

Perhaps the lock is private to a module or library, without it being known to the author of the high priority task.

For example, imagine a hash table library which internally, and briefly takes a lock when updating the table, or maybe global table statistics in some circumstances, and advertises itself as taking O(1) time for inserts and deletes. Or a tree library, etc.

Due to the wonder of modularity and encapsulation, the high priority task author reasonably presumes they can use the library without hidden gotchas. And the hash table library author neglects to mention that it briefly takes a lock sometimes, because it seems like an implementation detail that should not be public.

(An even more minimal "library" is something that simulates atomic operations on a variable (such as atomic_add), by taking a lock around each operation.)

It's a bit of a disaster if that "O(1)" update blocks the high priority task forever, or a very long time, because the idle task is also updating a hash table, and then the idle task gets pre-empted constantly by mid-priority tasks.

This bug could be avoided if the hash table library author documented in their API "this table is not suitable for real-time use". Or if the high priority task author avoids using libraries.

But those are extreme and very unclean, unmodular things to require - and that's why it's a problem, priority inversion.

Another good way to avoid the bug, which doesn't break encapsulation (as much) and meets ordinary expectations in a lot of code, is to have locks that implement priority inheritance (boosting) when needed. Since that fixes a large class of unexpected starvation and unexpected slowness problems, it's useful in RT kernels.
Exponential or parabolic, the rise is still accelerating. The second derivate of sea level is positive in either case.
Then you should consider your life a success.

No Silicon Valley billionaire's fortune can compare to the responsibility and reward of raising a good family.
Google creates world’s most powerful computer, NASA ‘accidentally reveals’
Gov certainly has to incentivize good behavior, at the very least in areas gov will pay for down the line. That's easily the case for family planing, as children are an option to support the elderly. And then gov also doesn't have to let all the "evil brown people" into the country to staff hospitals and nursing service, so you can even pretend this to be about national security.

So yeah, i also think there are many strongly held but badly justified beliefs in your post. Not everything is black or white. There is a huge leap from "gov incentivizes families" to "world is against single males because apparently some shitty tabloid is" and equating the two misses many shades of gray.
I like it, I think its spreading, and I think its a good thing for the world.

"Top U.S. CEOs say companies should put social responsibility above profit"
https://www.reuters.com/article/us-jp-morgan-business-roundt...
Its often forgotten that it was the liberal consensus that grew during the seventies out of an aversion for gunboat diplomacy, where the US as global policeman was forced to enforce trade of resources vital to us all, that instead should be replaced by a rule-based order agreed between government elected by their people where market mechanics as information discovery inform where resources have to go.

There is a storm coming, wether it is migration, climate change or some other malthusian trap. We see these problems coming and direct resources to prevent or alleviate these ill. The old problem of "who should do what, when, how and why" is left be be decided. That is what politics is for. The self evident truth that all men are created equal, and that human-rights do not stop at the border. Where are the neocons now that we need them? To me all this talk about monitory policy and therefor bitcoin is a side-show.
I've been using this to wrap CLIs for internal tooling at my company [it's also my first accepted contribution to a FOSS project =D ]. Works well, but subject to the usual Python packaging issues. If I needed to wrap a CLI with a GUI for my users, that probably means I don't want to walk them through installing Python and dependencies either. That means using something like PyInstaller, which I can report plays well with Gooey.
The runtime cost of protothread switching is basically an indirect function call. Surely less than 10 instructions. The space cost only 2 bytes.
There is certainly a chance, but for many of the researchers working on quantum computing (me included) that would still be a win: such classical results that beat quantum approached are usually incredibly beautiful and surprising.

However, on the extreme end, proving that quantum and classical computers are equivalent, would be probably more surprising than proving P=NP.
That API is new and was just added to 2018.3 in December, around the same time they started previewing the incremental garbage collector and promoting ECS.

From Unity:

> Being able to control the garbage collector (GC) in some way has been requested by many customers. Until now there has been no way to avoid CPU spikes when the GC decided to run. This API allows you disable the GC and avoid the CPU spikes, but at the cost of managing memory more carefully yourself.

It only took them 14 years and much hand wringing from both players and developers to address :)

A similar thing is going on with their nested scene hierarchy troubles, also releasing in 2018.3 with their overhaul to the prefab system, to sort of support what they call "prefabs" having different "prefabs" in their hierarchy without completely obliterating the children. What they have now is not ideal, but they're working on it.

Prior to that, if you made. say, a wheel prefab and a car prefab, as soon as you put the wheels into your car prefab, they lost all relation to their being a wheel, such that if you updated the wheel prefab later, the car would still just have whatever you had put into the car hierarchy originally, which naturally has been the source of endless headaches and hacky workarounds for many developers.
Something like that is possible with plastic milk jugs. Just apply heat and you end up with something like taffy that can be molded. Maybe wall panels (with some filler like sawdust?) are feasible?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jdKmq7Kjt0I
I saw worse in the Philippines several years ago. Bodies were piled like sardines after a category 5 typhoon. Its the nature of flat land to flood with bad storms
Your tissues can turn blue from excess silver:

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Argyria

But that probably doesn't affect the blood.
I think the point is that MIT, on its own initiative, might have been more careful about to whom it sold respectability. Saying 'no' to a donation is not very authoritarian.
There are. Python, Ruby, Perl (sort of), and many other languages via macro/syntax extension (e.g. Rust via https://github.com/comex/namedarg and an RFC).

Do any of them use this specific syntax to disambiguate positionals from named arguments/kwargs? No. Do they all have some form of special syntax in method signatures for making the delineation? Absolutely.
He's right that the value will be moved atomically, however the compiler is free to reorder the store/load of fences are omitted.
So, am coming back, more than a little humbled...

This security story from Canada came out Friday

https://www.theregister.co.uk/2019/09/18/scotiabank_code_git...

am with an FI (financial institution) in the great white north (I am, of course, not speaking for them in any way here) so this is all very very humbling. One theory that I have heard through my network is that event may be the result of agile / sprint work outside regular process ... but it is an unconfirmed rumor... and I do know for a fact that not all platforms are like this...

The assessment of security capability from the guy who found the code + credentials in the wild is brutal! - '"In my experience, this muppet-grade security is perfectly normal for Scotiabank, as they usually leak information once every three weeks on average," Coulls mused.'
Isn't there a salient difference between boycotting and not-enabling? I can understand your point that a boycott is not necessarily the tool to bring about change.

However, as China has so amply shown, there is a recipe they pioneered that others can now follow to engage globalization's benefits without dragging in the accompanying democratization precepts. In light of that, it is far from clear that globalization from now on will bring about the kinds of change liberal democracies desire to see. There may even be an argument to be made that China is leading the way to demonstrate how to co-opt most of the benefits of globalization, while blocking every attribute they deem subversive.

So if globalization has become just another tool to accelerate despotic/adverse power consolidation (and there is an argument to be made that there is adverse power developments even in "advanced" economies from globalization), boycotts aren't about/solely a moral action, and add a dimension as a realistic response to avoid further anti-pattern enablement.
ML-based mobile phone detection cameras rolling out in NSW
I have three kids: 4,6, and 8. We read a lot of books when our oldest was born...and learned that most advice is not based on much. Each of our kids is very different, stratiges that worked well with one failed completely with another. We have consistently adapted our approach with a focus on maintaining trust and teaching our "family rule" to be kind to yourself and others. It's hard work.
Again, if that's what you think, if recommend taking to actual doctors. It's really not a "get rich quick" job.

Sure, the pay is very high, and they could live a good life with less. But it's not the biggest expense in the system overall - ie it doesn't really impact your bill that much. Other countries also have high doctor pay and don't suffer the same issues with healthcare billing, so concentrating your anger on people who actually do the work to help you is a bit misguided.
He makes a good point. Where I live (Portland, Oregon) we have dumped most of our transit money into LRT. As a result, even though I live within the urban limits, if I want to take public transit downtown it's a little over 2 hours by bus -- there's a stop .22 miles away, but the schedule is once an hour on weekdays, not at all on weekends. Google actually suggests it would be faster if I walked 46 minutes to another bus line that would then get me to the LRT, and it would only take about 1.75 hours total.

Or, I can just drive 20 minutes into the office. I'd love to be able to take public transit but I'm not giving up an extra couple hours of my day to use it.
Breaking Down the Whistleblower Frenzy
Another interesting one is Hickory (NC) Furniture Mart. It started as a drive-in restaurant and pivoted over time into a mall with over 100 furniture stores.
Ottawa's LRT isn't really LRT as most people think about it. The "light" size of LRT makes it legal to have crossings in an urban area. Ottawa's LRT is fully dedicated, there are no crossings. So it has the benefits of medium or heavy rail, and doesn't have the typical drawbacks of light rail. Can you imagine spending billions on light rail without a fully dedicated right of way? That'd be silly, and the article would make more sense.
We need to rethink sustainability, especially at universities
He said in the talk that yes, the chips used in these measurements were not publicly released. IIRC he said that they were slightly lower clock speed than the publicly available chips.
Daphne really trying to cash in those Google RSUs
> I made an effort to get to know my neighbours, and am acquainted with some staff and patrons at the local pub.

I wouldn't even know how to approach that. Feel like this requires a lot of knowledge/skill that my path through life didn't teach me.
JIt would be great if every place in DC was within a 10 minute walk of a subway station. The costs make that completely impossible.

https://images.app.goo.gl/Z2h71ZhmkmEAPAEo9

DC is a triangle ten miles on a side. Look how much area is without subway service. (Most is those are lower income parts too, on the eastern side of the city.)

By 2040, DC is studying the possibility of building maybe one new subway line within city limits. One. Maybe. New York is working on Phase II of the Second Avenue subway, a 1.5 mile segment. It’s currently stuck in environmental review hell, and if they get through that this year and start construction, they project being done by 2027-2029. It will take decades to build the whole 8.5 mile segment, and probably $20 billion plus.

These are two of the most transit oriented cities in the country (not to mention, immensely progressive politically). The idea of having numerous transit oriented neighborhoods, such that transit isn’t a scarce amenity that causes property values to skyrocket, is completely unrealistic. At least with any sort of rail.
Thank you, I'll take a look, but it hardly is a real replacement. Honestly, I liked WinForms because it had a visual designer where I could just paint the UI with a mouse, click a button and code what's going to happen when it's clicked. Nevertheless anything like WinForms probably is easier than web-based UIs, even if it lacks a visual designer. However, one should probably prefer Avalonia (a cross-platform WPF-like .Net UI toolkit) if going this way.
It’s easier to have a lamp at your desk than it is to work outside
Then sell them.
The trams are a part what made the inner city areas attractive to the wealthy and drove gentrification, but that's only a recent trend, when the lines were first built and for most of their lifetime the areas serviced by the tram network were working class suburbs.

Even now many of these areas contain a lot of less wealthy people, jump on any tram and you'll see just about every demographic represented.
> Illegally-gotten money

Wait, did Epstein earn his money illegally? I thought his "only" crime was molesting minors and pimping them out to his friends?
Same here. Bus doesnt start until 6am. So it never works for me. Biuld all the rails you want, spend billions on tunnels, if i cannot get to/from work on time it all means nothing.
I trained the entire Disney offshore replacement team. They understand FreeBSD very well.
Actually I agree with the general point, OP is right that you should use volatile. I was just a bit taken back by the specific example above.

However, as PeCaN has pointed out, I'm probably suffering from tunnel vision from x86 monoculture.
Sure, but why? The vast majority of the cost for a good rail system is in the dedicated right of way, overpasses for intersections and the stations, a BRT wouldn't be significantly cheaper. https://www.theurbanist.org/2016/10/12/brt-is-not-cheaper-th...
Something something performant concurrency
Show HN: I made a UI for message and file encryption app using OpenPGP
If you post something to the public internet, you cannot control where it ends up. If that is a problem for you, then you should probably not post on a non-private social media account. That doesn’t negate their right to delete their post after, of course, like this guy has done. Just can’t expect that nobody saw it or screenshotted it or whatever.
I recently read Andrew Gelman's description of these effect sizes from short studies. I think the idea was that if many small interventions created large positive effects then there could also be as many interventions on the negative side and we would not see any effects at all.

Yet there are interventions that clearly create massive net +ve effects, one just has to do experiments which is repeatable and stands the test of time.

Rhetorical Q: Does this IR thingy do that?
Even if this 'computation' is useless at everything except proving quantum supremacy is possible, that's still a serious milestone.
I was bullied in college so I'm going to downvote you because you made me feel sad.
Compare the over-the-top media hype around the announcement of OLPC with the overpriced, underpowered netbooks they ultimately shipped.
While the choice of the word is indeed regrettable, it has nothing to do with your guess or with any national security topic. See the sibling comment https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=21044196
I get this, I really do. The whole "brain hacking so I can earn more profit for my boss" thing is something I'm acutely aware of. At the same time, ADHD makes adulting in general wicked hard. If I can get the job done more easily, or work more hours and earn more money, that gives me a better quality of life, that's a worthwhile tradeoff for me.

On the other hand, imagine a world where I don't have to make this tradeoff.
Wouldn't it similarly have issues with the various desktop UI logins? Or do these all use systemd-logind?
https://photos.app.goo.gl/3foSpruUufJGtCBV7

These are a couple of pictures I took with my Huawei p30 a few months ago.
TLS can be used as a DRM, preventing MITM caching attempts. However that also requires a client that cares
Just out of curiosity, does anyone have a comprehensive argument of why absolute privacy is essential? I understand the possibility of abuse of the power granted to governments, but is there a solution for identifying malicious actors that doesn't involve privacy compromises?
Yea, he covered this with his line that "A lot of North American public transit advocacy can feel like a perpetual lament that North American cities aren’t laid out like European ones."
TL;DR:

> Anyway I’m going through all of this to say two things. First, you can move a lot of people by bus if you need to; the TTC is a good demonstration that large numbers of people will take bus routes for their regular commute if the network is well-run and gets them to where they need to go. Second of all, unless your city is really dense or you have infinite money to spend, any public transit system that wants to actually provide coverage across the entire city is going to need a good bus network.

> Fortunately, it’s relatively easy to set up a bus route that works well. You need buses, drivers, and some paint to make dedicated lanes and transit priority intersections. The cost just isn’t on the same magnitude as expropriating land, ripping it up, putting in rails, and then running trains all day.

> If an LRT line is carrying a daily load of passengers that could be handled by a bus route (as nearly all of them could be, and are, here in Toronto) then its purpose for existing isn’t “higher order transit”, it’s “luxury public transit”.
Argumentative Relation Classification as Plausibility Ranking
wow.... woooow... so many can't understand the basics... even my OLD! man is in level 1-2... and he's a idiot... wow.. oecd 2016! wow
Parking Reform Will Save the City
BSDs unwavering commitment to reliability. A Linux kernel crashes. A lot. FreeBSD ran cdrom.com for 365+ days without rebooting. Just saying
OpenAg had several projects - a Personal Food Computer, which is what I believe has the allegations of not being performant as claimed and another project called the Personal Food Server, which is where I imagine such a high discharge of waste water would come from. In any case, organizations can be failing in many ways simultaneously.

"Happy families are all alike; every unhappy family is unhappy in its own way." - Leo Tolstoy

edit: I wrote 'image' instead of 'imagine'
I think that's a very different thing than, as Chef is being asked to do here, terminating existing clients because they got some bad press on Twitter. Both in terms of your own operations (sudden cashflow interruptions are hard) and your clients' willingness to do business (can I justify the risk of waking up one Monday to learn that our CI provider is cutting me off and all development is dead in the water?)
Her point is that this tech was outdated in 2001. Her point is that the people funding and supporting this research were mislead across multiple ways:

* misled about state of the existing tech

* outrageous and unsubstantiated claims of its performance

* literally faking results in front of investors and stakeholders

Further info Taber links to this account[1] from Babak Babakinejad, an MIT Media lab research scientist who describes an environment of research based on clear fabrication, and one in which the lies extended to the director colluding with MIT Health and Safety to actively mislead Environmental Protection Drinking Water Program officials about safety checks.

> What horrified me the most was that Mr Harper, as director and operator of the permit, actively worked with senior staff at MIT Health & Safety to mislead the Environmental Protection Drinking Water Program officials about his team’s activities.

The behaviour described in these threads demonstrates repeated, rampant, widespread violations of R&D integrity, without which MIT loses its capability to perform research and development at all.

It is not dramatic to say that if fabrications are allowed to to be called research, and a conspiracy of lies can dismantle safety checks, the whole lab is in dire jeopardy.

[1] https://twitter.com/flypolitics/status/1175099839236886528
What is the deal with being an accredited investor, anyway? What kind of advantage does it give you if you're just trying to Bogle your way into buying mutual funds until retirement? Should you be trying to become "accredited" as soon as you can prove your net worth / revenue is high enough?
> Meetings outside the working hours?! Where is this common?

In all FAANG companies I worked at when I had geographically distributed teams.
Moving the hours around (from 9-5 to 8-4 or 10-6) is not expanding them, and it's already being flexible.
Finally, now people can make a GUI for git if they need one.
What are the logistics of the retreat in terms of how/where/what do you eat? Where/how do you sleep? Is it ok to stop meditating to go to the restroom?