skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
> In practice, we don't do it.

There are lots of very large Coq code bases that work just fine with code extraction. Scalability of extraction isn't the problem.

Is it really true that TLA scales to large programs? Why isn't there a Compcert in TLA? Why isn't there a Flyspec in TLA? And how about stuff like CertiGrad, where just the spec is pretty involved?

My impression has always been that Coq/HOL scale and TLA-style systems break down once your spec gets big enough (let alone the impl).
Pangrammatic Autograms (2019)
> Would you hire Linus for your bog standard dev role?

The question is incorrect. By hiring Linus you eliminate the need for 5 bog standard dev roles. Bog standard dev roles is not a requirement. It's what you end up with if you hire mediocre people.
I used to read one book per week (on average) for a number of years. Probably between 5 and 10 of those books per year were ones I had previously read.

I thought I was an outlier, then I met people that do 4 books per week.

80% of the books I read are technical about programming, math, science, etc. 20% are a hodgepodge.

Fiction books I read very slowly, for enjoyment.

My pace has slowed down. Nowadays I read only one chapter per month of "What to Expect: The First Year" and pray that we make it to the next month ;)...Okay I kid, but my pace is now down to about 1 per month.
Graduate college without debt. Find ways to disrupt the college culture to accomplish this.
The situation in Node and Go is better by the fact that these ecosystems have extensive documentation related to web security.
Note that we aren't talking about people who can't code, we are talking about mediocre performers who know what they are doing but are still far from top talent. Knowing how to explain a coworkers thought process is not very hard when you have reviewed their design documents and been on every meeting.
Yeah the world economy has started stagnating feels like it is tethering on the edge. After talking to our suppliers and customers in about 12-13 asian countries seems like all of them are holding their breath waiting for something to happen. Most have curtailed their current and future investments for now ironically if everyone does that it will bring about what they have started expecting.
What is the voltage drop across D1 and Q2? Is that ever an issue?
This is a mindblowing response to me. To say "look at how good we are a hiring minorities" feels like it has to be an obvious troll.
80% of the plastic comes from just 10 rivers (there is a link on here somewhere) maybe focus on stopping it before it gets to the ocean
They paused all the dyno restart settings. Also, what monitoring system are you using?
Why Do Chinese People Like Their Government?
There's no need to be part of a conspiracy to not want HN to turn into a CNN/BBC/Guardian RSS feed.

I get that you want to spread your message far and wide, but maybe this isn't the right place for it. Ads get flagged down, politics tend to get flagged down, celebrity news as well. There are other places for those.
Come on, it's more like the old Audi 5 ad, spoken with a Germanic accent, 4 cylinders is not enuf and 6 cylinders is too many… FIVE cylinders!
From the number of times I've seen it mentioned, there seems to be very little that Tree Notation isn't in some way related to. But for the life of me I can't figure it out.

From the examples it seems like a newline deliminated text format that uses spaces for indentation with indentation levels representing nested structure. Which seems fine enough but I feel like I'm missing some sort of philosophically profound implication of this format or something.
I've only done this once or twice for books I've read, but a comment here from a post many years ago suggested taking an index card per chapter and writing a series of questions or ideas on one side, and the answers on the other. Then at the end of the book you can review and see if you remember what you thought were important points and see if you remember the 'answers'.

I found it really useful, but it took willpower to do this, and I soon fell out of the habit. Il have to try it again.
Speaking of reading and retention, there was a controversial article titled: "Why books don't work"[1].

It was also recently discussed here on HN[2].

As a serious reader, I took "offense" at first the sweeping title. But when I completely read the article, the author's contention was largely with poorly written books and lectures work ... which wouldn't make for a sensational title.

- - -

As to the original question, for non-fiction (and even for some fiction, like by Iain. M Banks) I take a lot of hand-written notes while reading. Of course, it's "slower", but so be it -- if I'm reading a valuable book, I want to take my sweet time.

[1] https://andymatuschak.org/books/

[2] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=19887424
I don't want to advertise your particular company, but if we are talking about numbers, how does your bare metal offer compares to a Amazon ec2 offer for example? And how would a customer that need to scale their load do it?
Don’t mind me. I’m just here to corroborate your claims of downtime as a consumer of bare-metal hosting providers for 15-something years.
Google did not kill XMPP, the number of people who actually used Google Chat client was tiny. What killed XMPP was ICQ, MSN, Yahoo, Facebook, and text messaging.

Your comments on federation are mistaken IIRC. Google Chat supported federation from 2005 to 2014, it was dropped in a Google I/O announcement because none of the other players mentioned above who were gobbling up the messaging market reciprocated, they instead took advantage of Googles support of federation to onboard users to their proprietary networks. Google Chats user base was declining and the network effort of the proprietary social networks was pulling everyone in.

A similar thing happened with OpenID. Google initially supported it, and Social networks used it for new user signup account creation, but did not allow it for signin.
HK police are spraying protesters with blue-dye water to mark them for arrest
Henry Rollins has a great Iggy Pop story.

Part 1: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rBIIoI6c93c
Part 2: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SFls7s_djY0
We are extremely good at hiring minorities, so good in fact that we stopped calling Asians minorities.
It has been found that writing book reports increases retention of the material. You don’t have to actually write a formal report to take advantage of that, though. Try to work up a habit of talking to people whom you see often (coworkers, family and friends) about what you read. Listen to them for ideas and be their sounding board and then use them in the same way. Reiterate what you learned, try to extrapolate into new ideas, make criticisms and practice oral book reporting. Humans are linguistic creatures, thinking and verbal expression are closely connected in content and quality.
I've honestly wanted to drop Dropbox for a while now. Over the past year or two, it has been becoming a worst product every single time I interact with it and also a lot spammier trying to get me to upgrade to Premium. They put a very low device limit and keep removing features. I honestly don't see any reason to use it over Google Drive anymore.
there is luminus that assembles all the parts for you.
> but why is it even possible to connect to the open internet, much less send a tweet, from what I assume is supposed to be a SCIF or some similarly secure room?

Just curious, how do you know this was tweeted from a SCIF?
Your account name is displayed in green is that because you have 1 karma point and you are new user ?
No, guns primary purpose is entertainment.
If it's not technical book I usually go for an audiobook while doing other things, e.g running, gym. Then I open the section in Play Books and skim through what I've listened, highlight important stuff and it creates a document with my highlights automatically and saves it to drive. I've found that doing this way really helps with information retention and I can do much more books with this method.

Also, if anyone knows good open source alternative which would work on mobile and web in a way Play Books works - would be great to try. I've seen few libraries e.g epub.js and also NextCloud has its way to display uploaded books, but couldn't find a fully working alternative.
try to get integration with repl working with your IDE.

Not sure what you are using but i use CIDR on emacs.
> There are lots of very large Coq code bases that work just fine with code extraction. Scalability of extraction isn't the problem.

The largest programs ever verified end-to-end with Coq, Isabelle, or any other proof assistant correspond to about ~10KLOC of C, or less than 1/5 of jQuery (although such a small program could require up to 50K or even 100K lines of proofs). And even those certainly-non-trivial-yet-rather-tiny programs took years of efforts by experts. Moreover, concessions in the programs' design and choice of algorithms had to be made in order to make verification feasible at all.

And I agree that extraction doesn't suffer from a scalability problem. What does is the ability to verify the spec in the first place. If we could write proofs that correspond to programs with 100K, then extracting an executable would not be the isse, but we can't (or, at least, we don't know how).

> Is it really true that TLA scales to large programs?

Yes. Again, there's no magic: we can only verify so many lines of a formal spec (of which code is an example). So it's either a small program or a small high-level spec that corresponds to a large program. No known technique can affordably verify large (or even medium, or even non-small) programs, end-to-end, for arbitrary functional correctness properties.

> Why isn't there a Compcert in TLA?

There are programs fifty times the size of CompCert that used TLA+ (to be honest, most real-world programs are 50x the size of CompCert), but not for end-to-end verification; i.e. there is an informal translation of spec to code. Unlike Coq, which is usually used for research or by researchers, TLA+ is used in industry and by "ordinary" engineers without lengthy training in formal logic, so there aren't many papers written about its use, but here's one[1]. Ironically, another reason you don't see as many papers about verification in TLA+ as in Coq is that its use is much simpler. I once saw a paper about specifying and verifying a program's time-complexity in Coq. No one would ever write such a paper about TLA+, because it's just too easy; a TLA+ beginner could do it in their first week of learning (the main reason there's a paper about using TLA+ for PharOS is because they used TLAPS, the TLA+ proof assistant, rather than the TLC model checker, which made the work academically interesting).

In any event, if someone is interested in using any of those tools "in production," I recommend they give them all a try.

[1]: https://members.loria.fr/SMerz/papers/abz2016-pharos.html
If your business is so complicated and mature that it takes millions of dollars to build multi-region tolerance, you probably need that tolerance.

For more simpler sites, having multi-region failover (even if it's a manual failover and you lose a few in-flight transactions) is much easier to build.
Sure; I get that part.

But on the other hand, the message really seems to resonate with the average HN reader. Lots and lots of upvotes.. and then deletion.
May not be entirely accurate https://factcheck.afp.com/widely-cited-study-did-not-show-95...
Cue – A language for defining, generating, and validating data
Sorry OP to hijack your thread

I skimmed through the comments and folks have said they read slowly, but also say they average about a book a week. Is that really true? How many books would you say you finish on average per year?

I read quite quickly but I average about a book every 2 weeks because of other commitments (consistently ~25 per year)
In my opinion, reading is more for shaping your thoughts over time. I generally don't read for recall value except for technical things, and even there, it's better to build a good mental model of the subject through a combination of reading and exercises, then use a book as a reference.

For non-technical books, I've very rarely seen any value in taking comprehensive notes (except highlights). I read those on a Kindle, so it's easy to highlight and reference highlights later.
Yep, they've been removing features and handicapping non-premium, while simultaneously ramping up their Premium upgrade notifications for almost a year now.
Reading for reference and reading for pleasure are two different things, and I'm only going to address the latter.

Reading is an experience, not a chore. The value of reading comes from the reading, not from the "have read". The fraction of information you retain from your hobby reading is essentially irrelevant.
Nope, I'm really not saying it that way. You probably just can't seem to understand that opinion or possibility without putting it in a certain category of belief.
I do the forgetting what I just read thing too. I've now gotten to the point where I know it's time to put the book down if that starts happening. It's crazy how our brain and read words but not actually do anything with them.
Linus himself admitted to it:

"My flippant attacks in emails have been both unprofessional and uncalled for. Especially at times when I made it personal. In my quest for a better patch, this made sense to me. I know now this was not OK and I am truly sorry.

The above is basically a long-winded way to get to the somewhat painful personal admission that hey, I need to change some of my behavior, and I want to apologize to the people that my personal behavior hurt and possibly drove away from kernel development entirely."

https://lkml.org/lkml/2018/9/16/167
Our team's troubles writing automated UI tests
If it's a good book I resd it as fast as I can, enjoying every moment of it. 6 years later I forgot everything and get to read it again. Twice the fun and bang for the buck! :)
Why Can’t We Use Electric Vehicles as a Back-Up Battery?
I tried to learn (get to know) Clojure by writing a library for cacheing (memoizing) function calls. I thought it would be a simple exercise, but it turned out to be not so easy at all, with lots of special cases.
Possibly, although it won't send. And, you know, Google is often pretty aggressive at locking devices out if it thinks they are insecure. This is a 1st gen Kindle Fire, and I'm pretty sure it is very obsolete and not getting updates for a while. So even if it is still trying to log in, that doesn't make it expected in my mind that it would continue to work.

If it were sending the password (out over WiFi to my tethered phone) is there a way for a bear of very little brain to MITM it?
Tangential but I've always thought it may be possible for a human brain to experience higher spatial dimensions, it's just that all it ever experiences is 3. Imagine a video game is designed in 4 spatial dimensions and is fed directly into the brain through a neuralink type interface. The brain is pretty adaptable, would the recipient correctly experience those 4 dimensions?
Setting dynos to 0 and back got us up, though.
We never pocketed the money. In past years we gave out grants to users, who could send their tokens to unverified creators, and we would hold tokens in settlement awaiting those creators sooner or later signing up. We are still holding.

We switched over the end of last year to have your browser hold for 90 days, retrying each month to reconcile anonymously in case the creator verified. After that the tokens go back into the browser wallet, or if you have signed up with Uphold to put in or take out your tokens, into your BAT card at Uphold.
May well turn out later on that AI is best modeled for speed and detail at 11 bit resolution - after all - evolution has done a lot of work that we equate as machine learning.

Also interesting that 11 is also a prime number. But equally, may just be one of life's coincidences and the human drive to see patterns and understand exactly what is going on - a trait that still advances humanity today.
The border in question wasn't even a border in 1938 because that predates the partition of India. Bangladesh, the country that certain Indian political factions are claiming these people are from, only came into existence in 1972 and mainly just recognises people who were permanent residents there in 1971 as citizens.
The examples linked in the FAQ 404 and all of the "whats" would better be titled "why's" as there is very little explanation of what the heck Tree Notation actually is just a bunch talking about what it can represent.

It's syntax error free but syntax includes whitespace, does that mean you just hid all syntax errors inside the semantics errors bucket?

In what exact ways is tree notation more base than all the other notations that make it such a strong choice?

It's mentioned it can't map 1:1 to JSON/XML, if it's just words and nodes at an offset why not?

Tree notation could be the greatest thing since sliced bread but the pages on the website do nothing to help me understand what it actually is just that it's great.
It's a common figure of speech that conveys an established sentiment. Don't nitpick on trivialities.

It's not constructive and it's pretty juvenile.
Ah that's neat! Although when I really think about the attractiveness of "living in a hotel", the entire idea is about moving away from ownership, even of things like furniture and dishware. I'd prefer a rentable option. Still, very cool.
I appreciate your 'concern', but reading those sorts of books, recommended to me by my former coworkers in the advertising space, is what lead me to conclude that the industry is evil. The style advocated by that literature is insincere, cynical, and manipulative. Those who brushed up against it and didn't rejected it are irredeemable. Those who haven't yet corrupted themselves are the ones I hope to help, and I believe I can do so by creating a fanatical anti-advertising mob mentality that allows feelings of self-righteousness. (I am aware if the irony here, since these very techniques were turned into a science by the industry I want dismantled, but that's the way the world works.)

> Once again: All I need to do is think of one counterexample where both parties gained value (monetarily and psychologically)

You know damn well, but are unlikely to admit unless perhaps called on it, that an advertising professional that gives value to a consumer one day will be just as willing to take it the next. The advertising professional is not motivated by a desire to help the consumer and cases where that happens are incidental at best (and rare.) There is a lot of delusion in the industry too. Advertisers in the pharma space will swear themselves blue that they're helping consumers to find medication that will earnestly help them, but these advertisers are not altruists, they do I because they're paid. And more damning, their industry (pharma advertising) is illegal in other countries with good reason. But this is an industry that regularly turns its own techniques in on itself, using their rhetorical/persuasive skills on their own, to reassure their own that what they're doing is humanitarian.
Aeronautical charts include this information. Terms are "true north" which is based on lat/long grid, and "magnetic north". An airplane has a magnetic compass as the primary reference, but it's a little wobbly, so on the ground prior to departure, a gyroscopic compass (called a heading indicator, directional gyro) is set to match the magnetic compass. If you do a some steep turns, or many shallower ones, you can get your heading indicator to drift. And if you travel some distance east or west it'll also drift relative to the magnetic compass, so you have to reset them to match periodically.

The magenta dashed line going from top to bottom at a slight angle on the left of this image indicates degrees magnetic declination.
https://www.faa.gov/air_traffic/flight_info/aeronav/media/VF...
One thing that recently became very important to me was something to rest my wrists on as I type or use my mouse. Using Apple's keyboard and mouse my hands were always comfortable enough but switching to a big plastic PC keyboard and mouse there is actually over an inch difference in height to consider and my forearms started hurting.
Futhark by Example
Who says Facebook is copying it, not just reading it?
web server tutorials should focus more on designing/building encoding/decoding pipelines. Because that's what it's really about. i/o can be disk, network, or proxing to another http client etc.

Once the web server is built, you'll realize that you need to support compressing/decompressing, or piping blobs to some other encoder/decoder.
Actually I think it's a perfectly appropriate use of facial recognition in this case.

Firstly, the school district already has a picture of every child at the school. Second, they already track the child (manually) at all times throughout the day.

So, they are not collecting any more information than they already had, nor are they collecting any more information than is legally required (attendance tracking is likely to be legally mandated)

The end result is the same exact data exposure / privacy risk that they started with, and more classroom hours to actually teach instead of taking attendance.

The classroom setting is a particularly good example of the narrow use case when facial recognition is acceptable. Unlike, for example, in a retail establishment, where a casual customer who browses the store but does not buy anything would otherwise remain anonymous.

Quite the contrary, you do not want anyone in the classroom who is anonymous.
My experience is that Java programs tend to be buggy, slow messes. A lot of it is probably due to the inexperience of the average Java developer, but how do you explain Eclipse ?!?
I'm at The Astra Condo in Chiang Mai right now and it is exactly that. I pay 30 euros a night.

As others have said, leave the western world and suddenly your money goes very far.
I suggest checking out the Dolphin Emulator tech blogs as well, they're also consistently great in quality.
https://dolphin-emu.org/blog/
No New New: Raw Pointers Removed from C++
When I looked into LLVM for my own little language, my general impression was that LLVM was great if you are writing a C-like language or something close, since you can use the whole compilation pipeline (even clang for the FFI). If you have interesting high-level features like threads, exceptions, etc. with semantics different from C/C++, you run into translation issues and have to re-implement some LLVM intrinsics, which is a fair amount of work but doable. But with lazy semantics like GHC, LLVM's whole idea of "calling" is barely usable and you can't use most of the inlining or cross-method optimizations. So LLVM ends up being an assembler producing machine code.

As an assembler, LLVM is not particularly fast or convenient. It has a huge API, and lots of optimization passes that have to be tweaked to get reasonable output. The posts I read that got that far generally recommended ditching LLVM and forking a JIT engine like LuaJIT, libjit, etc.

tl;dr I agree with the author that maintaining NCG is the way to go. The difference is, I expect LLVM to implode long-term rather than expand.