skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
There are times when you wish you had dynamic typing, but this is usually a fault of the type system and there are better answers than ripping the type system out entirely, once you ascend to a mathematical way of looking at it.

Suppose for example, that you wanted an existentially qualified list, something like forall a. Ord a => [a], and to be able to mix variables of different concrete types in that list. Well it's a slight pain to do that right now.

This goes back to the classic adage, the answer to broken maths is... MOAR MATHS!

Anyway, I would like a switch that would let you do that, even if it means adding a type sig. A better switch might be a LANGUAGE pragma, because this is one of those things you either really don't want at all, or you want it really badly.
Smoking is a little different in France and on the Continent than in the USA. It's possible that certain European smokers, going to a foreign country like the USA for the first time, would be ignorant of the written and unwritten rules of "smoker's etiquette" here in the U.S.A., where an adult can't light up within twenty yards of a kid without drawing down the passive-aggressive wrath of the nearest PTA mother.
Well, almost any big traditional application (not really web apps) eventually grows a scripting language for extensions and / or user macros. Basic (in Office), Javascript and Java (in web browsers), Lisp (in the above applications, and probably many more), Lua (in a lot of games), AppleScript, that C thingy in Quake ...

Lisp is relatively easy to implement, powerful, and intuitive to non-programmers (compared to OOP - Python, Perl, and Ruby are also easy but nowhere near as old); so it's a common choice.
Thank you for this, it's much appreciated.

It is my belief that geek culture is relatively gender blind but it is definitely true that there seem to be fewer girl geeks than guy geeks. I wish more women had engaged with computers so positively as you obviously have; the field would be richer for it.
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Another example is that complicated systems often get to the point where a great deal of their functionality becomes highly configurable. Where they are essentially either creating their own scripting language (less common today, but this was much more common a decade ago), or reading a great deal of data to determine their runtime configuration. Taken to an extreme, you get to where the lines between data and code start to become blurred. When the code being executed at runtime is really a series of functions that are dynamically strung together, you're starting to make a list-like system, arguably.
This point has been argued far more eloquently and accurately by Cardelli and Wagner, "On Understanding Types, Data Abstraction, and Polymorphism".

http://lucacardelli.name/Papers/OnUnderstanding.A4.pdf

See Section 1.3 "Kinds of Polymorphism" (there is a typo in the paper and section 1.4 is mislabeled as "1.3" as well.)
> meaning that when your program compiles it will be guaranteed to behave correctly

For very weak notions of "correctly".

If my task is to build a factorial function, epigram will not prevent me from writing a fibonacci function.
Elementary OS Project
As I read it, the story sounds _exactly_ like the kind of thing I'd make up if I were the CIA and wanted to convince anyone that I didn't have an office in the area.

It would nicely convince everyone that I was not present, I was unlikely to return because I had been resoundingly bested, and if I were to return, I would be so ham-fistedly obvious that I would be easily detected and so anything less obvious clearly couldn't be me. It'd be perfect.

I suppose if I wanted to take it one level further I'd actually even make it real and have it play out as a script. I'd set up my real office somewhere opposite and unobtrusive and watch the fun.

That said I agree with the other comments. I'm not really sure what the point of setting up an obvious office would be outside of the already mentioned recruiting or academic interactions which seem to have little need to be covert.
That would be awesome! Perhaps we could have an animated character have that conversation with us... how about an intelligent paperclip or something?!

Wouldn't programming become so cool!?!!
50-Year Anniversary of the World's Greatest Prank
I don't understand how a corporation can be altruistic and self-motivated at exactly the same time; Google will always have an incentive to create conditions that are favourable to its business aims.

I'd don't think it's possible to view Google purely in terms of 'don't be evil'. 'Don't be evil' is a part of a marketing campaign.
I think this is a sign that I should get off of Facebook ASAP. I don't want to be doing anything which boosts the bonuses of Goldman Sachs.
There's always a trade-off between the expressablity of a programming language and its complexity. I think Lisp may (still) have a slight advantage when it comes to that balance, i.e., it is more accessible for novices. And adding more things to an already complex language like Haskell doesn't sound like changing that balance in the latter's favor.
I don't know why you ask that. Are you suggesting that it is difficult to determine whether a statement is ambiguous or not?
I hope in 20 years we look back and say 'duh, of course'. And yeah, it would be so cool.
I've used vanilla Froyo on the Nexus One. It's dog slow. I don't think this problem is isolated to OEM-specific Android modifications (though they certainly don't help).

Responsiveness and framerate-wise, even a simple cursory examination will tell you: WP7 and iOS run laps around poor old Android. I got to play with a Nexus S recently, and the responsiveness is greatly improved over Froyo on N1... but is still noticeably less smooth than either Apple or MS's platforms.

It's an odd day when MS's UX is more polished than somebody else's...

One area where Android's lacklustre performance really hurts usability is diving into menus. iPhone came up with the novel idea of sliding menus - a simple animation that communicates a lot of context to the user (A belongs under B triggers modal window C, all based solely on the direction of the swipe animation). On Froyo+N1 this animation is jerky enough, frequently enough, that this relationship can easily be missed, resulting in more user confusion and worse UI comprehension overall.

Google needs to realize that we are in the year 2011, not 1995. "UI design" is no longer about placing the right buttons in the right places, and animation is often now the defining line between an easily comprehensible user experience and an obtuse one. IMHO graphics/animation performance is the #1 obstacle in Android's way, and the main advantage everyone else seems to have on it (and it's a huge advantage).

When I use a 2.2 phone, my impression is one of annoyance. I don't know if my touches will be detected, and even if they are, I don't know how long I'll have to wait for the phone to respond. Heck, I enjoy using WP7 phones more than Android because of the performance, despite the fact that WP7 is significantly less featureful than Android! Navigating WP7 is a pleasure, and it never feels like the phone stands in your way. I have yet to get this feeling from Android.
After reading this article, I switched my default search engine to Blekko. But then I had to switch it back, because honestly the results were nowhere near what I was looking for.
By that logic you should stop doing business with any company that Goldman Sachs has invested in, which I think you'll find is just about every major company in the world.
Download Twitter timelines
I intend to download timelines of a twitter account. Can someone please guide me how can I do that?
If you want to get into language-lawyer mode, expressions are most certainly not conditional statements [in C]. But what's the use of arguing? "More gimmicky" answers don't count into solving a gimmicky problem? Who even keeps score?

edit: clarification, in true language-lawyer fashion.
I'm curious, why not name names? Are PRU's librarians that evil?
Holy crap, both those answers are genius.
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The comment about nontriviality and equivalence goes for physical objects too, you know.
you laugh, they make major bank.
Marcus Ranum on why bad architecture can lead to bigger problems for everyone else:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o59mQhBiUo4
Square Starts 2011 with A New Round At A Big Valuation
Visualization of stock market performance over time, adjusted for inflation
Civic hackers seek to find their feet in India
While i think you make valid points, i do not agree with the conclusion.

First, i don't think associating innovativity with numbers of researchers is a safe predicate since it's clearly not linear.

Second, the fact that haskell is a testbed for researchers doesn't make it the ideal language for "real world programming" in my opinion. It could be that it is, but again the correlation is less than clear.

And third, and that's the most important point in my opinion, the ideas developped in haskell are fully available to other language implementors once they exist, and the experience of researchers is available. It means that a language like typed racket or any other could possibly implement the best/most usefull of those ideas in much less time than was needed to first find them.
MarkdownNote for iPad by Coding Robots – 10 Licences to Giveaway
The assertion that the longer a copyright term is, the greater its value, seems dubious to me. It sounds plausible in isolation, but when you consider that every new idea builds on thousands of older ideas, longer copyright terms would seem to me to make copyrights less secure owing to challenge by antecedent rightsholders.
Two options immediately come to mind: an API call (never used Twitter's API, but API's generally tend to be fairly easy to work around, though you'd have to write up some sort of script) or pull the data off the timeline's RSS feed.
Clickable:

http://www.indiankanoon.com

Hacker notes:

Search Engine built on Postgres:
http://sushant354.blogspot.com/2009/01/indian-kanoon-road-so...
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That way lies madness. Consider:

* "Sysadmins can learn that if they want something from the Python world they have to install pip."
* "Sysadmins can learn that if they want something from the Lisp world they have to install clbuild."
* "Sysadmins can learn that if they want something from the Lua world they have to install luarocks."
* "Sysadmins can learn that if they want something from the PHP world they have to install PEAR."
* "Sysadmins can learn that if they want something from the Perl world they have to install CPAN."
* "Sysadmins can learn that if they want something from the Haskell world they have to install cabal."
* "Sysadmins can learn that if they want something from the O'Caml world they have to install godi."
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any search blacklist needs to include experts exchange as a basic default (perhaps the basic list can be disabled as necessary).

its mindblowing google hasn't done this yet
Slightly branching the topic, but how would you market a product that has cleaner architecture? How do you show its power? I have been an architecture advocate from the start. We claim to have the cleanest code among competitors and it is probably true. We get many people telling how beautiful the code is to work with.

But there is such a marketing cacophony that it bears less significance than it ought to, at least that is what I perceive. There is more to architecture than refactoring code. For example, you should achieve the simplest design while keeping it generic. But these words are so overused that it gets really vague for someone to judge how good your architecture is. How do you differentiate? Well, we have the simplest and most generic solution that is very well architected compared to others.

To overcome this, we tried to add quantifiable terms to our product datasheet and produced this: http://bit.ly/ifGXxN

Still, I feel that only engineers care, and saying we have generic and simplest can be defeated against a compelling demo with a huge, complex logic behind it. You may surely win in the long term but a startup has little time to wait.
Follow the link on "Compared to Haskell, Lisp is a big hack." - http://axisofeval.blogspot.com/2011/01/why-lisp-is-big-hack-... - for a more detailled post.
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glad you're reading this thread matt.. maybe its time to give us both private and crowdsourced blacklists?

experts exchange and ehow need to be gone by now and the data will be incredibly useful for your search quality
The stuff about death + N is an attempt to tie things to an intuition of moral rights; the business case is actually pretty poor in general. The net present values of an asset leased for (say) 30 years, versus 130 years, are surprisingly close in value, not least because of the uncertainty in predicting the future.
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The membership card my local university library offers to the general public does not allow remote access to any electronic resources. You have to be a student or employee to get that.
Creative Fountains
Fountains on this list are a bit different, take a look!
No. Thats exactly the way the game is played!
This "interesting question" is, as I understand it, the basis for the usual ratcheting up of copyright terms. One side says "we must harmonize with the other side", but they go a little further, and then harmonization happens on the other side, and so forth.
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A company does not need to pay dividends in order to be worth to have a share in it. As long as the assets of the company are stable or growing, owning a piece of it is like having a secure bond. Dividends are either profit sharing when the company can't do anything productive with their extra cash... or attempts by management to keep their valuation afloat in order to collect bonuses.

I'd say that if a company has extra cash, it is better off paying its long term debts rather than dishing it out to the shareholders. Stock valuations rise and fall, but the underlying stability of the company should be worth more.
The twitter API limits you to pulling the most recent 3200 tweets... so if you roll your own keep this in mind.

Also there a number of Twitter archive services out there that let you download a copy of your timeline. Remember that they too are limited to the 3200 by the API.

I happen to own/run one such service (http://tweetsaver.com). We'll get your most recent 3200 tweets from your timeline, plus all your mentions, DMs and favorites. We allow you to export these as a CSV file.

However, if all you want to do is download the tweets, my service is probably not the best option.
For any given Haskell Compiler I would think that I can construct a program where the Haskell Compiler won't be able to determine, in polynomial time, whether the list has length 0 or not.
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Interview with Leonard Adleman (1996)
What type of site should subscribly.com become?
i want to make it easier to subscribe to websites and also think sites would like an easier way to reach new audiences, any ideas how to make this happen
By the way, I am currently doing a literature study into type theory for my study and I was annoyed by the lack of introduction material for programmers wanting to learn more about it. I've been thinking of writing a "Type theory from first principles for dummies" but I was unsure how much interest there'd be in something like that. If you (or other people here on HN) would be interested in that let me know...
I'll just chime in here and say "I agree 100%", since all replies to so far (excluding the OP's) are basically calling you a moron. :)

Yes, the test had some serious flaws, but I imagine that removing the free plan was by far the biggest factor in the results - especially because there's no demo and no trial. I can't imagine signing up for a pay-only service if I can't even try out a demo of it before entering in my credit card.

I found value from the post, even though, yes, it is flawed.
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It was half-joke, actually -- but there is point to it, to some extent.

I was referring to the fact that (web) search engines often display `Did you mean X?' when query string contains a symbol they don't know. Also, in a way, a search engine does interpret the query as a (simplistic) program of sorts. And, once in a while, it'd be handy to be able to issue query to search engines in a more powerful query language... So I saw a weak analogy there, between search engine and a compiler with the `Did you mean X?' feature.
BFM Fitting
BFM Fitting
That's a remarkable piece of advice for a very vague question. Though, unlikely to help the OP.
Ask HN: What's the best way to start learning PHP?
I'm looking for the best resource(s) to learn PHP, and I have absolutely no idea where to start. Ideally, this resource will:

- Be for a complete beginner
- Embrace Simplicity
- Be down to earth
- Be a good way to develop a foundation to move on to more intermediate / advanced things

I know a lot of you are PHP gurus! Thank you for the help, there's just so much out there and I'd love an opinion on where the best place to start is. Thanks!
Are you trying to pitch RSS against privacy enhancing technologies such as NoScript, TOR, etc.? The point is rather that more privacy is a neat side effect of RSS, not its primary purpose.

The primary purpose of RSS - aggregation of content -- works very well, irrespective of bad UI decisions which have nothing to do with RSS itself. And when you pull a full text RSS feed, you're probably far away from "Like" buttons and the like while reading content.
The "idea for a startup" is just a place to start. Pick one that you are passionate about, because you'll need that to sustain you.

Implement some (tiny) part of that idea; show it to some customers. Find out it's not that great an idea. Learn more about the customers in the process. Think about what their real problems are and come up with new ideas to solve those problems, or maybe think about other customer groups that would get more value out of (would pay more for) your idea and tweak it to fit them. Follow those new ideas. Repeat until you've found an idea that's sustainable (big/profitable enough market etc).
A share of a company is in theory optimally priced when it has the same value as the net present value of all future income streams that come from it: that includes both its dividends, and any profits from reselling it. Assuming we're talking about a company that is no longer growing (that's the presumption in the post you are replying to), then owning a share of it has negative value unless its dividends (or moral equivalents, like share buybacks) exceed at least the rate of interest - you can earn more risk-free by putting your money elsewhere.

> I'd say that if a company has extra cash, it is better off paying its long term debts rather than dishing it out to the shareholders.

That kind of blanket statement makes absolutely zero sense to me, and surely if you thought about it for more than 5 seconds, you too can see how silly it is. If the company's return on borrowed money is higher than the interest rate it pays on that borrowed money, paying down the loan would be a waste of money.

Consider a large shop that has a mortgage on its premises. Is it best for it to invest all its profits in paying down its mortgage? Or should it open up a new branch elsewhere instead, borrowing the money for the premises, on the basis that its business model has been proven to have profit that exceeds the cost of finance? Which would make more money? Now consider another scenario: rather than the shop opening up a new branch, what if the investors (i.e. the owners) want to invest in a different or new business, with potential for higher returns in the future?
Have you read the post your are commenting on? Epigram does not even try to be a complete language.
"Carefully explaining your problem is half of the solution."
Investing in index funds has been lauded around here, but the goodness of that strategy revolves around its consistency in returning 10% over ten to twenty years. This graph makes index funds look much less consistent!

Does this graph debunk the index fund strategy, or am I missing something?
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It amazes me to no end how many people believe that all study stops after the completion of the prison sentence some call school.The TV, the Xbox, Playstations and chat rooms all become the new classroom. If you are not reading and attempting to expand your mind through the books of some of the worlds most gifted people, you should. The person that does not read is no better off than the person that can't read.
http://igg.me/p/15468?a=68435&i=shlk
For every sport except soccer, I presume. The FIFA is heavily against computer-aided officiating.
Incident Response in a nutshell. I'm very curious to hear how the situation turned out.
Not sure why you're getting down voted, as we seem to be of the same mind re: Apple's value. When it comes to my day-to-day utility of the device, I still find my iPhone 3GS unsurpassed (although I carry around an EVO for tethering & a Nexus S since launch to give Gingerbread a fair side-by-side with iOS4).

That said, while no one doubts Apple's mastery of getting free press is quite impressive (Jobs sitting on Disney's board might help; having been CEO of Pixar, as well), I imagine Apple still spends a lot of money on their product announcement events compared to Google, and much (much!) more for branding (e.g. product placement: Google it for examples, they're impressive).
Ideas are worthless: I have 100 different ideas per day, and so every human being on earth.

What makes ideas worth is to become reality, execution and testing. You have to test your ideas to see if they could become worth anything,or just if they are false creations of your mind, that takes time and effort.

It is also very difficult to say: This idea I had yesterday is very bad, and they are when your only data you had what presumptions not based on reality, it goes against your ego. People think their ideas are true: How many atheist believe in God?, How many Christians do not?

A lot of people spend their live thinking ideas without taking the effort to test them on reality, that is worth zero. That's it.

Nobody is going to pay you for "having the idea of a novel", but maybe they are for taking the effort and risk of spending one year writing it.

I have software that recognizes the voice, the idea is simple, the execution took a lot of years and is going to take more years to be the best of the world.
Mainstreet looks great for reselling and Tout looks really friggen awesome, I wish I heard of them earlier.
I wouldn't as that's clearly not a C or C++ solution but a Unix one.
Shouldn't that be a bar graph?
I agree.. I think Danilo doesn't understand what good UX is. UX and visual design are two different concepts, and they are also separate from product value.