skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
I have not read Pinker so I don’t have a good idea of what he meant by “mentalese”, but Humboldt was using the concept of “private language” more on the lines of two different people having different “understandings” (for a lack of a better word) for concepts bearing the sama name. For example when I think of a “red apple” I might think of a different thing compared to when you think of a “red apple” on your turn (leaving aside the issue that we still need to settle on what “thing” from the previous sentence actually means).

I must admit that I last read some Wittgenstein about 15 years ago, but even so, I don’t find that this understanding of what a “private language” really means is that far off from his writings. If anything, it completely invalidates the 2000-year old platonic “ideas”, as me and you thinking of different things when presented with the words “red apple” practically means that there is no underlying “red” or “apple” idea behind those concepts. That is something very valuable, Plato’s interpretation being debunked, that is.
"we have a fusion reactor, she is real. You just never met her because she goes to a different school"
I especially liked the points about how often we vary our criticism of journalism based on the topic.

Reminded me a lot of Gell Mann amnesia, which I catch myself suffering from a little too often:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gell-Mann_amnesia_effect
Adding this of my list of things to ask my doctor about next time I'm there. I've spent a lot of time in Southeast Asia, Central America, the Caribbean, and a smaller amount of time in Africa and India. I'll spare the details, but in addition to having already been treated for lymphoma (which I have no reason to believe was parasitic in origin), I've got various intestinal and other chronic symptoms that have no obvious cause (and aren't debilitating enough to warrant a massive array of tests). Mostly I'm just curious. I've absolutely eaten enormous amounts of questionable meat and fish, and poorly-washed produce.
I think people forgot that a 10 year old car means 2009. Newer cars are still safer, sure, but that's easily recent enough for good crumple zones, strong pillars and plenty of air bags, all for under 10k.
I've never tried that behavior and I'm also not an AHK wizard (I use it for a few global hotkeys, remapping escape and some small tweaks).

But Google came up with this: https://autohotkey.com/board/topic/104173-capslock-to-contro...

The last reply's code sample looks like it would do what you want in a non-buggy way. If not, there were about 20 other Google results for combo mapping CapsLock to CTRL and / or Escape depending on how it was pressed.
I do not claim credit card debt is smarter than a mortgage. I claim it is a far smaller percentage of personal debt.

For example, reducing housing cost by a few percent would have a vastly greater effect than reducing any other source of debt by the same percent.

If a person is in debt, it's not primarily because they bought a latte, it's because housing cost are high.

So if we're looking at debt per se, then it's housing we should be looking look at.
Something that often goes ignored is that in high availability situations like that, humans are the biggest risk by a huge margin. Computers (almost always) don't accidentally wipe out the prod database thinking it was beta, that's usually a human that made a simple mistake.

Dumping money into IaaS while neglecting to recognize that high availability requires extreme quality of both engineering, as well as testing/qa is a super common mistake that's being made these days. This means slowing down, which most upper management doesn't want to do.

Things like executing DR plans regularly to test that they wofk are extremely costly to the business,and are one of those "IT" things that you hopefully never have to actually do in production. But without things like that, what's the point of 3xing the cost of your fleet and adding complexity (another great vector to cause failure) for "availability"?

I think the answer often comes down tok the fact that people are hard to hire. Computers are easy to provision.
Understanding Docker Container Escapes
I don't think I'll ever be able to internalise all the features of Vim.

I've been using it for > 10 years now but I still find myself learning (and sadly forgetting) new features when reading articles like these.
What It Takes to Boldly Go – Apollo 11 Astronaut Michael Collins [video]
I've never used any of those plugins, but the built in netrw has a directory browser that works.

On vanilla vim if you :e scp://host// you should get the built in netrw browser working over scp.
A tangent, but why can’t a “poor” person with $10,000 use banks? I am unaware of any income requirement to open a bank account. In many states, even illegal aliens can’t open bank accounts. I’m not sure I understand why the poor can’t use banks. I was poor once with credit in the low 500s and I’ve always had bank accounts.
Bunch of morons running this state.
No, they probably wouldn't think that. But that's how it comes off in many cases. Not all, but many. See the parent comment relating environmentalism to the romantic martyrdom of those concentration camp prisoners who offered comfort to others and gave up their last piece of bread. And its argument that Americans who refuse to stop flying/driving/using plastic for their job are somehow "emotionally" the same as Bolsonaro's politically motivated denialism.

You need look no further than any Hacker News discussion of climate change to see tons of comments of how people should stop eating beef, stop eating all meat, stop driving so much, stop flying, pay more for clean energy, pay more in taxes, even stop having children (at which I will never cease to /facepalm), all with the theme of "There is no way you have any valid argument against any of this, so if you refuse to make these sacrifice you're part of the problem."

I'm all for environmental regulation, I'd even be in favor of a carbon tax, but modern environmentalism has a huge messaging problem that makes both nearly impossible in the US outside of deep blue zones. It's way too moralistic and way too unwilling to adapt(ironic, given its cause). Maybe if environmentalists turned down the volume on climate change and talked more about good jobs, clean air, clean water, they'd make more headway. Find common ground and go with that, because in a functioning democracy we all move forward together (given a large majority) or not at all. And in my opinion anyone who truly cares about solving climate change should prioritize progress over virtue.
https://generalfusion.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/ICPP_20...

https://arpa-e.energy.gov/sites/default/files/11_LABERGE.pdf
I had the opposite reaction--it's great for NixOS to be gaining corporate support!
But if a EU citizen has an account already they are bound to the GDPR. Blocking this account only makes it worse (legally).
> I have a feeling there's a big debt jubilee coming up...

I would recommend not living as if you expect that to happen...
Yes but lawmakers are idiots and people like Kate Brown can’t put 2 and 2 together.
> An objective measure for invention is the fact that the USPTO granted a patent. That is a relatively high bar. Subject matter eligible, novel, useful, non-obvious.

No, this does not reflect reality at all. That's how it ought to be, and maybe it was more like this in 1926, but it's very different from how patents are granted today.
Reading that I felt like I stepped into an argument in progress and it makes no sense on its own.
You'd think the role of regulation and oversight is to force the company into bankruptcy before allowing it to have far worse employee treatment including coworking spaces with corpses.
It has nothing to do with Linux. Google voluntarily provides a simple UI toggle to disable Play Store restrictions on any Android device when they could easily not have one. Tinder wouldn't even try this if the only way to sideload their app was to "layer up" and deal with rooting or flashing or anything that requires technical knowledge of Linux.
As a scuba diver, we often spend 6+ hours away from toilet facilities, and good hydration is important. With a wet suit, you can just pee and it will wash out.

However, with a dry suit it is similar to a spacesuit. It is a pain to de-suit just to go for a pee (some of the old-timers have zips that allow them to pee above water, but it isn't very common.. and I prefer to pee underwater).

Many people use pee-valves which work in a similar way to the twitter thread. External catheters which are like condoms with glue inside, and a tube which allows the liquid to escape outside the suit.

Trouble is, I didn't know my "size". The medical company that makes them will post a selection of each type and a "sizing chart". The chart is a cardboard disc with cutouts that you can use to measure up against your body. For the same reasons as the thread, they use measuring in millimeters rather than t-shirt sizes.

A few days later, I was on a road trip with my daughter and the company called to see if I received the pack and was able to place a real order. I answered on hands-free and I was asked, "What size will you need sir?". How could I possibly answer that sat next to my daughter? :o

For female divers, the main option is a pad and glue. Sounds awful.
Ask HN: Strategies for Marketing a Paid App?
Hi HN,

What are the best practices for marketing a paid app (with a 30-day money-back guarantee)? I've done a couple of videos for my app (0): a narrated walk-through (1) and a "speed-run" that shows an example (2).

0. https://edible.estate/

1. https://youtu.be/sIIhSpcyCbI

2. https://youtu.be/tPdb7JXbfYU

I would love to offer a freemium version open to everyone, but since this is my self-funded side project, I have to balance that with getting paid.

Any tips/advice?
Credit cards chips are immune to fields equal to or less than 3T. The magnetic strip dies, but the card lives on.

I’m an MRI radiographer.
Intentional programming is not tied to graphical representation even if that’s how it looked in a prototype. It’s more about separating program structure from detail, trying to better deliver on Dijkstra’s comment about a semantic layer at which one can be absolutely precise. I consider it required reading for anyone frustrated by the present state of programming.
Ask HN: How will non-fungible tokens change the gaming and financial industry?
Here's a minimum of info on non-fungible tokens: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-fungible_token

Some big players have started using them in gaming, secured by the Ethereum network. The most famous example here would be Gods Unchained -> https://godsunchained.com

Others are trying to use them to upgrade the financial system, and there are so many big players here in the security tokens space.

I'm hoping to see them used even in basic ownership of properties and houses.

What do you guys think? How drastic will be their effect be in the next 10 years?
I was pretty confused, because the title mentions "FSB", but all of this discussion in this thread is about the US. I literally assumed that FSB must be an acronym for some US intelligence agency I don't know of. Then I went and read the article, and it really is about the Russian FSB.
It's the law in Maryland for certain types of firearms, including pistols.

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gun_laws_in_the_United_State...
This is really interesting. Right now you can't really compose nix expressions from several different sources. There are ways of doing it, but they all involve one hack or another that limits the usefulness of the result. This is why nixpkgs is a huge monolithic repository.

Flakes would allow package definitions from different sources play well with each other. This means a bunch of things:

1) Nixpkgs could be broken up into several package sets for better scalability. Eg,
haskelPackages and pythonPackages could be broken out into separate repositories.

2) Package authors could provide package definitions along with the source.

3) Companies could have a flake for internal packages without having to patch or
overlay nixpkgs.

4) Alternatives to nixpkgs can get started without having to supply all the packages
that a user might need.

5) You could even create libraries of nix functions that supply no packages at all,
but get used by other flakes to define packages. For example, the machinery for
composing a python environment.
I am very confused as to what you're trying to say with this.
The key thing is that you can set up a separate website for payments with iOS devices, but you can't embed or link to that website within your iOS app. I've seen apps rejected because their technical support website was linked from the app and the header of that website got you to the payment website after like 10 clicks.
The quite in the article isn't particularly helpful. Thisnis one of the cherry-picked quotes that journalists love to use that sound imagimative and colorful, but explain exactly nothing.

So the field has a self-refulating field containment in the radial direction. This was never a particularly crtitical issue. The issue is building non-leaking mirrors at the end caps where the field needs to separate from the confinement to loop back on itself. You can only shape field gradients there so that they form a potential that particles on escape trajectories have to either overcome or be reflected by. I forgot the exact details, but the issues is that electrons are harder to confine and they gradually build up an electric field that attracts the protons and thus counters the mirror gradient of the magnetic field.
Peter Naur's classic 1985 essay "Programming as Theory Building" argues that this is because a program is not its source code. A program is a shared mental construct (he uses the word theory) that lives in the minds of the people who work on it. If you lose the people, you lose the program. The code is merely a written representation of the program, and it's lossy, so you can't reconstruct a program from its code.

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=10833278

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=7491661
> Come to Munich. I find it very difficult to tell how rich most neighborhoods are here, whether city or suburb

That sounds really pleasant. I'd love to have that where I live.

> Well, that depends on how you feel about social mobility and segregation, I suppose. If you support the rich and poor being kept separate from each other, if you want to keep social mobility low

I think you're painting me into a corner here that doesn't need to exist. First, I don't see why social/economic mobility should be predicated on the non-existence of stratified neighborhoods. I think non-stratified neighborhoods are an excellent result of those things.

Second, trying to manufacture non-stratification by telling communities what type of housing they must allow feels a little hamfisted- and also a bit off target. I'd rather have government assistance housing that fits the neighborhood than a fucky landlord building shitty tenements.
you have enough drugs on you to land you in jail for multiple decades. you're scheduled to exchange them for cash with some unknown person. you meet the person, but how do you know it's really the person or the police or an unauthorized buyer? Well, your boss tells you the buyer will have a dollar bill with serial number 123-XYZ. You meet up, he produces the bill with correct serial, so you commence business.
> Mortgages tend to be equal to rent in the long run due to efficient market reasons.

Not really, the property price and mortgage rate you pay is what you individually agreed to, not whatever the "efficient market" says it may be on average "in the long run".

There's tons of macro factors that are currently driving real estate prices well beyond what's justified by potential rent income. You're most likely better off renting.
You answered your own question: You justify it to the astronauts by telling them it’s to size their sheath. And what do you mean the size “changes over time”? Are you referring to erections? You think constant erections occurring every minute is a problem astronauts deal with? Also, you shouldn’t use intellectually condescending ellipses in an exchange where it’s clear that you’re the one who is a moron, not the person you’re responding to.
Fixed It for You: Protocol Repair Using Lineage Graphs [pdf]
Where does HN display the downvote count for a post?
Legacy code from 2009. I'm getting old.
Gold and the like have sunk into the core not because they are heavy, but because they chemically partitioned into a phase (liquid iron/nickel) that was heavy.

Uranium, which is also heavy, partitions into light silicate minerals, and is enriched in the Earth's continental crust by 3 orders of magnitude above the average of the planet. Without this concentration fission energy would likely never have been considered as an energy source.

It is my understanding that beryllium is concentrated in the Earth's crust by about a factor of 100 over carbonaceous chondrites. Beryllium is actually very rare on a cosmic scale, since it is one of the "X-process" elements made by cosmic ray spallation, not in stars.
I see it kinda surprising to see that a lot of US spooks are private contractors, and not people in uniform, or even full time employees.

Can anybody shed light on that?

When the NSA project codename list first leaked, I ran a linkedin search with some of them, and I got over a hundred hits on some of them, with people seemingly not concerned with naming them at all on their resumes.
Allowing the worker to choose their car. Quoting GGP:

> (A) that the worker is free from the control and direction of the hirer in connection with the performance of the work, both under the contract for the performance of such work and in fact;
One can find Total Cost of Ownership calculators online, eg edmunds.com. A Toyota Camry that costs $25k has a total cost of ownership over 5 years of $40k, or some $670 per month.

One could get a pilot's license for that amount and fly an hour per week.
> This story is very poorly organized.

It wasn’t as awkward as that opening photo.
I can't say for your employeer, but at AWS this is not our intent. Our job is to help customers build better architectures, and if you read the framework you will see its agnostic of vendor.

You can't approach reliability with the "the sky is falling down, so theres no point" approach. You are actually going to have think about component failure, blast radius and what happens afterwards a failure.

rather than spreading FUD, why not help customers by showing them the better math?
I'm not sure the idea that you shouldn't hold onto secure data is anything new or all that unusual historically.
Why alter the article's title? Original is fine: "Files are fraught with peril"
Or, you know, put 2 fans on the line rather than 1.
Show HN: Progress Pics
1. You're paying interest on a depreciating asset that doesn't earn any return. Worse, the minute you drive the car off the lot, it's worth 20% less than you paid for it. So you're underwater on the loan immediately. Even if you sold it for book value you would lose money on the deal.

2. If you are able to pay cash but choose to take a low-interest loan and put the cash into investments that have a better return, you can come out ahead. But most people either don't have cash upfront, or are not sufficiently disciplined to do this.

3. If you own a car outright you can get by with liability-only insurance. If you owe money on it, the lender will require collision and comprehensive insurance, which costs a bundle.
There’s no part of the GDPR that requires the current mess or where the current mess should help anyone, that is if I’m not totally wrong.

In fact it is so far from the letter and spirit of the law that I find it odd that any company with a significant internet presence, that should have access to competent lawyers can misinterpret it so badly.

Then again, European companies burn themselves in USA all the time on basic stuff too; a UX designer I worked with described how they lost a lawsuit against a bloke after he had broken into a site, opened the machine, jammed something into the door sensor and started operating the machine, all while being influenced by drugs. The first part of the story ended when he got his hand jammed in some kind of shredder unit.

The second part of that story ends when their American legal team finds out there is no sticker that tells people not to put their hand into the machine and tells them they’ll likely lose in court and convinces them to settle.

After that nobody forgot about the stickers.

But to most Europeans I think it sounds outrageously stupid that you can break into a site, operate a machine after deliberately jamming the safety mechanism and still get a settlement because there was no sticker to tell him not to put his hand in the shredder.

So, for Americans, here is how I understand the GDPR law:

Except in special circumstances (criminal justice etc) you are not allowed to store customer data except as needed to run the actual service for your customers (and that doesn’t include monetizing by ads or spyware).

You can ask a customer for permission to store data, but the default is no, and - AFAIK - you are not allowed to penalize someone for not accepting.

The only grey area I see is where you default to not storing info and inform the customer that they can opt in to more personalized and possibly more meaningful ads.

See? Nothing there about popups. They should default to off, so meaningless in the first place, something no one seems to get. Or they get it but are deliberately doing it anyway, pretending not to get it like last time.

If someone else has a better understanding of GDPR, feel free to roast my understanding, - or add details to it. [I know there is a lot more.)

Also, FWIW, here is what I think is a good example of data collection done correctly under GDPR, the customer has a clear choice, the benefits are obviously linked to the data collected and the default is no: https://erik.itland.no/observation-gdpr-and-privacy-done-rig...
That is not true about Germany. Renting is more common than elsewhere, but plenty of people buy, too.
The Honest Supermarket – What's in Our Food? [video]
May the Best Technology Win
I suspect you're still associating hacking with other actions that can be facilitated by hacking. But the very next thing I wrote was "knowingly turning off a hospital ventilator is still murder", so it only makes sense to answer as if you strongly intend the "per se".

In isolation, why would finding a hole in someone else's ruleset be immoral? If hacking per se were immoral, then there could be no such thing as a "white hat".
That should cover the first request, but please don't neglect the second.
As a user I would much rather give my actual payment information to a few companies, like Google but ideally this would be my financial institution, who will proxy payments to various 3rd parties on my behalf.

The only thing that the actual vendor should see is a purchase from "a Discover customer."

Hell, for most online transactions I would like to proxy the whole thing. If I could give money to someone to buy things on my bealf and put their name, address, and shipping info instead of mine and then ship it to me I absolutely would every single time.
The GDPR might assert that they're bound, but an Oklahoma-based business with no business presence or assets inside the EU isn't bound by EU law. This is pretty much the foundation of national sovereignty.

How would an EU enforcer actually enforce the GDPR in this case? Unless there's been a violation of a trade agreement, any attempt to apply EU law to a US-based company operating on US soil is going to be utterly impotent.
No, we only have fstrings now :)
- I know -too well- backwards compatibility...