skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
We're annually putting hundreds of megatons of plastic into the environment, much of it reduced to microscopic particles and fibers. I think we're going to see increasing adaptation of microorganisms to eating the stuff, to the point it all becomes biodegradable.
It's only a mock-up. I'm sure the finished article will be reassuringly expensive looking. I love that Turing is on the fifty, but almost no normal people will ever see this note. They're not really in general circulation outside of the pockets of those selling drugs to City traders, and in foreign exchanges.
Sure, my experience with custom kernels or the suggested Ubuntu version were totally frustrating as well. I would stay away from these. However, ARMBIAN is stable and the board becomes fully usable.
Suppose you think the average article in The Economist is terrible. One might then conclude that it's not worth reading in general. But HN acts as a recommendation, and that might be a strong enough signal to interest you in reading this particular article.

But The Economist has an unfriendly layout or puts up a paywall or blares ads at you, so you flip into reader mode as soon as you see the article. You retain an impression that The Economist is terrible, while still reading this article.

Does that help resolve your cognitive dissonance?
That is interesting. $1000 tier is a considerable amount, but perhaps one can find a profitable line of products to justify the price. Of course, this is too expensive for initial development most of the time, so I'd go for an in-house network of machines initially.
Ok, is interestiong, so lets eval the explossive decompression issue.

What if we could lead all this air to an external compensating device in a more ordered and less violent way?.

I'm thinking on some kind of "external airbag", elastic membrane, rubber balloon, etc, so we would reduce the time of event duration and soften or control the disordered exit of air (and maybe to save also some valuable oxygen from being totally lost). If unfortunately the accident happens, any corpse, object or piece would be trapped in the balloon instead to be sucked out and dissapear (this is better for the family than not having nothing to bury at least).

I suppose that to implement such device, like a rubber ring window in a handful of windows and doors, wouldn't be technically defiant and could save lifes (or alleviate the harm done) until emergency landing. Would be also a inmediately visible flag for airport rescue team to go directly to the area with more possible victims.
This has always been the end game of social justice being funded so well. Destroy the professions and commoditize them.

Fortunately for us programming has been and always will be about the transformation of text into other text with a context sensitive grammar. Something that can't be automated and will always fail. Usually with people dying as the catalyst for on-shoring jobs again.
If it's anything like using the 50 euro bill in Spain, it's hard to use them in everyday transactions as usually places don't have enough change (or want to loose that change) for 50 euros if you order a coffee for example.
I’ve been wondering how does Creative Commons apply in ‘big data’-ish use cases. Can a dataset distributed under CC BY-SA be analyzed, possibly used as part of training input for an ML model? What if a product is built on top of a model that learned from a CC-licensed dataset? Products are rarely distributed under CC; bow far do ShareAlike & Attribution reach, by letter and by spirit?

Should there be (or does there exist) a type of license for data—different from the ones typically used for software source code (MIT, GPL) and ones typically used for creative work (CC), encouraging innovation but giving something back to dataset creator or maintainer?
I agree they're rarely used by locals.

Having said that, when I have friends visit from Singapore, they often seem to carry £50 notes... and most places seem to accept them (although maybe this is less true outside London).
Polanyi's paradox isn't an alternative to that classification — rather, it explicitly states that a surprisingly large amount of knowledge falls into the "unknown knowns" classification, in areas that defy your "this is better known as culture" description.
I think thinking about real hardware (most of the time) just distracts from thinking about what your program "actually does", which is specified by the abstract machine. By thinking in terms of the abstract machine, you can forget about compilers and optimizations when writing your program, and focus on your code and what it does.

Of course, when you ask why the abstract machine is the way it is, optimizations and hardware come up again. But I think these concerns are better separated. This also mirrors how languages like C/C++ are actually designed, at least in theory: optimizations are justified against the abstract machine, not the other way around. Isn't it much easier to have one, albeit weird, machine in your head, than a (only marginally simpler) "real" machine plus a list of optimizations that also contribute to the behavior of the compiled program? And that list can even change any time!

> The idea of an abstract machine is still really useful, because it lets you reason directly about the code you are writing, rather than having to express and reason about what the compiler might do with it. But i think we should be clear that it's a tool for thinking, not a truth.

If you read the C/C++ standard, you can see that the abstract machine is the truth. Same if you read the really well-written WebAssembly standard (which comes with a mathematically precise formal definition).

So IMO you got it backwards. The abstract machine is the truth, the optimizations are just the way that machine gets exploited right now and can change with any compiler update. Of course the abstract machine is not "God-given", but neither are the optimizations. And the abstract machine can only change when switching to a new version of the language standard, the optimizations can change on any minor compiler update. The machine is much more stable than the list of optimizations.

> The idea that you can ignore the real hardware is particularly unhelpful in Rust, because it's a great fit to low-level problems where the real hardware is a big deal. For example, at work, we have a Rust program where we routinely need to think about NUMA placement and cache coherency protocols. Those don't exist in the Rust abstract machine at all!

I admit that once you think about performance, the details of what your compiler and hardware happen to do become very relevant. But when talking about correctness, I think that is an unsuited level of (lack of) abstraction.

EDIT: Based on this feedback and others, I have amended the blog post a bit. It now says

> Maybe the most important lesson to take away from this post is that “what the hardware does” is most of the time irrelevant when discussing what a Rust/C/C++ program does, unless you already established that there is no undefined behavior. [...]

> UB-free programs can be made sense of by looking at their assembly, but whether a program has UB is impossible to tell on that level. For that, you need to think in terms of the abstract machine.
It's a stretch to call that multi-touch. The key press events are still a serialised stream of single finger touches. When people have spoken about multi-touch features and patents they have invariably been referring to chords and gestures.
I like tinkering but I don't add to the mess by open sourcing yet another language.
> Personally, I wish I had a faster and statically typed Python.

Ever tried Crystal? It is more a statically type Ruby, but perhaps it would be close enough.. It don't have integers that automatically expand to bigger sizes though - it is in the process of at least getting errors on overflow on the other hand.

It also don't follow your idea for the None type, but instead have union typing, meaning that a nilable integer has a type Int32 | Nil (assuming 32bit size of the integer).
Yes, exactly. Doesn't even feel like an apology.
Interesting! My neighbourhood in London (NW6 - not particularly upmarket) seemed to accept them fine... as well as most places in Central London.
You already knew about it, so obviously there was no need to mention it. Again.
I see your point. This is what happens now with Java.
The wheels are already in motion. It's been that way for decades now. Look around you. The banks will start pushing even harder to get rid of physical currency soon. Except strong discouragement. You already can't do many things with physical currency. Like downloading music or films. This list will just keep growing until eventually physical currency just won't be accepted in most places. This is perfect for the banks.
If you're just looking for a cleaner type system, you might give Kotlin a look first. It gets you that, while remaining a much smaller and simpler language than Scala.
Here sources: https://github.com/fastogt/iptv
Weekly? Isn't that a bit overkill?
At this point Peter is only pointing out the obvious.
YC isn't that innocent either regarding influence from China
https://www.vox.com/recode/2019/5/1/18511540/silicon-valley-...
At a prior job we had our data centers in the building in that neighborhood. Because it had grown up with the computers down the hall and then down the elevator it was hard to sell upper management on moving to a real data center.

What finally made the case was multiple summer power outages because con ed couldn't tell us how much power was actually possible to be drawn in the neighborhood. Between theaters turning up stage lights a couple of times a day, companies with data centers etc. It turns out that con ed has just run wires for a long time where requested without an overall tally of what the peak draw could be. This event was predictable, and if con ed or the city doesn't actually count the peak possible capacity going to each customer and make sure it can provide that, power outages in that neighborhood will continue to happen going forward.
The more surprising thing is that they are making a new £50 note at all. I haven't seen one in a very long time and many shops don't even accept them any more.
Say Hello to the All-New ProofHub
Every board room: "Just put some soil and seeds into this used plastic bottle and it becomes a handy plant pot - therefore it has an extended use and shouldn't need disposing of, hence zero disposal tax!"
S. Korea expands 5G user base, but quality concerns remain
It's certainly led to plenty of problems, but, having happened closer to now than to the birth of Java, it's not really a candidate for "original".
Not just an ad service. Google is a content publisher, as revealed recently in the leak of the "ML Fairness" documents. And this website loads over "http" for maximum cookieage. Enjoy a 5MB+ "GO" button? No thanks. You?
Not sure about VPNs, but data centers usually harbor their own RBL services to blackmail you to stop doing whatever you are doing as soon as you put their network under stress or continually visit a certain domain/ip range (or get hacked and be used as a drone to DDOS some website)
+1 It breaks my heart when I think about what they did to him.
Ask HN: Which licence should I use for my code?
So, working with university professors, I wish to open source the project, but I am unsure of which license to use. MIT or Apache or GNU?

Any advice would seriously help.
I've seen -10 x developers put in management positions. The company is now going under for obvious reasons.
The £50 note was described (...) as the "currency of corrupt elites, of crime of all sorts and of tax evasion".

I recently dealt with a 1000 CHF (= £811 = $1018) banknote in Switzerland. It's not very commonly used, but it exists.
IndieAuth – A federated login protocol using one's own domain name
I just had to write this code in Ruby to convert a list of integers from an Elixir log file into some text that I could read

def to_string(s)
s.split(", ").map { |dec|
dec.to_i.chr(Encoding::UTF_8)
}.join
end
"100, 8217, 65, 118, 111, 114, 105, 111".to_string
=> d’Avorio

I had to specify the encoding because an unassisted Fixnum#chr works only for ASCII values. However I can imagine that it could use some intelligence to figure out the correct encoding. Probably it's not worth it and it could make mistakes.
Pot calling the kettle black!
One interesting distinction is that many of the modern protections that have in many ways shaped modern society, are not protections against other people - but protections against governments themselves. This is a recurring theme in the constitution. For instance the constitution does not grant you the right to free speech. It observes that you, by nature of being a human capable of speaking already inherently have the right to free speech. The constitution simply stops the government from passing laws to take that right away from people.

Most of the bad acts people can commit against other people have been illegal for time immemorial. The revolution that started with the United States was the founders of a nation passing legislation to protect the people from the government itself. Things like debtor's prisons, as you mention, are of course state-driven institutions. There are also things now illegal that we can't even imagine. For instance the third amendment prevents the government from forcing you house soldiers which is so far away as to feel unimaginable. Other things we're constantly reminded of, but they have become so socially ingrained that we take them for granted. For instance protections against unreasonable search and seizure, protections against being forced to testify against yourself.
> Being 20 times cheaper while producing 2% of the kWh because they're turned off 98% of the time makes them 250% more expensive per kWh.

Which ignores the cost of using nuclear during that other 98% (or whatever) of the time, when it is very expensive compared to the alternatives.

Yes, the cost just during that 2% is high. But the total cost is lower than if nuclear has to be forced down the consumer's throats 24/7.
Pretty sure this is only a mockup — the note itself won't be out until the end of 2021.

I remember seeing a preview of the redesigned £5/£10 notes a few years ago and thinking exactly the same thing — seeing Trebuchet MS on a bank note was a bit of a surprise, but thankfully the end result looked far better.
They sell different color cases.

https://www.reddit.com/r/MechanicalKeyboards/comments/97hqt4...
I have used the Things 3 app on ios because it lets me organize notes by area/projects.

For notes on books, I still take those on paper
They're normal in casinos. Don't know about anywhere else though.
You can get board game components(meeples etc) on amazon for those that are into developing your own games.

A few years ago at Games Expo (uk) I remember playing an alpha version of a game in development - it was inspired by the Building of Milton Keynes as I recall.
I'm not sure it needed to? I don't think they tried to exclude it, and more that "by the way, we castrated this guy decades ago" doesn't naturally come up in the article. Plus, they did actually issue a formal apology.

I would hope they're doing this to honor Turing, not to apologize for what they did to him. Face on a bill is nice, but doesn't make up for ruining some one's life, so it would be a lousy apology any way. So I kind of hope the media more covers what Turing accomplished than the things Engkand did.
The current batch of 50s are practically unusable because they are widely counterfeited and lack sufficient security features. The new one should significantly lower that risk - that having been said, it's likely that they will be hoarded by drug dealers etc so you won't be seeing a huge number of them in circulation.
Not sure if I've met a 10x developer.

But there are 1/10x devs and managers for sure :)

...bring one into your team and overall productivity drops by an order of magnitude.
Denomination is too big for most daily use
DNS over HTTPS Small How To
I didn't have to do anything with ublock origin still on.
And even funnier how there's a quote there how the 50 note is being targeted as an elitist/laundry note

It might have been a big amount of money 20/30 yrs ago but today it's a bit weird that's the biggest denomination.
Amen to that. The exorbitant cost to replace my perfectly functional KVM switch is what keeps me on PS/2 and VGA.

Does anyone make a backlit PS/2 keyboard, or are the power requirements too high?
Vinod Khosla: The consequences of AI in the next 5-10 years [video]
A conversation based on excerpts of his 2017 essay on AI, that raises important socio-economic and philosophical questions about the future of humanity and AI.
Rose and Eliza
- I Don't learn for the sake of learning, in the phase of life, where I have to be picky!

- Spend some time (few hours to 1 week max) based on the subject I am trying to learn

- Augment my learning with mind maps and Anki flash cards for long term augmentation

- My favourite: make a small from scratch, throw away version of whatever it is trying to learn, so I internalise it (again set a 2 week time constraint). Example: write a home grown version of Numpy (not everything the core only) or an augmented reality library (may be something that can just detect the horizontal plane)
Video feed is synced across viewers. Even if you, as a user, click the button to keep watching a specific video, once you resume live mode, it's synced with other clients once again.

You can also see how many viewers are currently on the site, if you inspect the websockets messages.
Shops can refuse to accept them but if you are using them to settle a debt; pay restaurant bill / taxi ride then they cannot legally be refused.
Reminds me of Ofo venture to Almaty. Some thief spent weeks methodically picking up every Ofo bike in the town, until the only ones left were broken or thrown into unreachable places.
> The assembly has to enforce the abstract machine.

The assembly has to implement the abstract machine only if your program has no UB. The assembly never has to check if memory is "initialized" or not even though that distinction is real on the abstract machine, because if the difference would matter, your program would have UB.

To determine if your program has UB, looking at the assembly is useless. The only way is to consider the abstract machine.
Or gain clicks, given the audience. They’ll care more about Alan Turing than about a fiat currency.
> Neither Google nor a representative for Mr. Thiel responded to a request for comment early Monday.

Too bad, he could have spelled out in what way Google are helping the Chinese military.
If you're in Cheltenham during Gold Cup week (a horse race event that attracts large numbers of people) there are many fake notes floating around, so local stores stop accepting notes in the month around race week.
+1 to a VM or a 'burner' laptop - this is how I've generally seen this problem solved before. Many people (particularly in large corps) are actively prohibited from using other solutions by IT and/or Legal policies.
The short paragraph which talks about his mistreatment, links to a much longer article regarding his pardon, and his alleged suicide. This seems totally reasonable to me.
How would you frame it?

People saying this are frequently those who would also admit that they were wrong about the things they believed to bring them satisfaction and comfort. From their own experience they know that it did not mean a reduction in quality of life for them. That doesn't mean it works that way for everyone, but it's not dishonest.
> Asian languages that have high letter-to-meaning ratio [...], each of the comments horizontally scrolling on top of the video leave just enough mental processing time to read through the majority of them

This is what emotes are for, no? Most of the comments in a traditional Forsen stream are emotes and I'd argue that they give you a pretty good idea of the atmosphere of the chat.
NC does the same thing. And if you buy a house, expect to receive endless junk mail disguised as mortgage documentation.
Asleep at the wheel: Japanese rental cars used for anything but driving
Except that Mark Carney has said very publicly that he sees absolutely no chance of physical cash going away.
I don't even carry cash around with me anymore everything is touch and go card payments which is really convenient.

There are some down sides though in that now banks know exactly what you are spending your money on and stores are now facing increasing terminal fees from these transactions ( in Australia anyway).
Requiring a signup for a free trial of something that doesn't inherently need an account pretty much instantly turns me off.
Ah, yes, I have liked some videos throughout the years.
Dont forget -1x developers
http://wiki.c2.com/?NetNegativeProducingProgrammer
The problem is that if you did that then you couldn't check regular C programs anymore, since overflow would be valid.

That also means it's possible to write overflow checks easily, and ones that the compiler won't optimise out. Before compilers became UB-crazy, you could write such checks in the most straightforward way, and get exactly what you expected. I'd consider that a far bigger advantage for security than arguing for the existence of a tool whose sole reason for existence seems to be due to the presence of UB in the first place.
Landfill is taxed in the UK which might explain some of it.
>According to other attendees at the conference on Sunday, Thiel also said that Americans were too fat and addicted to drugs, adding that, “the biggest problem in our society is the problem of political correctness.”[...]
Thiel said that any links between Google and China, “need to be asked by the FBI, by the CIA, and I’m not sure quite how to put this, I would like them to be asked in a not excessively gentle manner.”

No offense, but has Thiel completely lost it? He's starting to sound deranged. Is he seriously suggesting civilian Google employees should be interrogated by three letter agencies to institute some sort of state capitalism in the US? For all the scaremongering about China he doesn't seem to have a lot of problems with applying their methods
Shell script that sets OS defaults, copies configs, sets up symlinks and installs software package managers.
Calling the biggest gang around the block... interesting way to get rid of an competitor -- tried and tested through the ages.
I think that everyone agrees that NULL checks should be elided when the compiler can prove that they are useless. However, I think most people assume that the way for the compiler to prove that would be "when it sees that the variable has a non-NULL value" - e.g. `int v = 0; int *p = &v;`.

That's the sort of thing I would suggest - don't work back from UB (and I agree, I wouldn't expect the optimizer to backtrack optimizations as new facts come up), work forward from actually known facts.

NULL checks are probably a pretty bad example, since the NULL access would surely SEGFAULT if allowed to execute (though the particular case of address 0 vs NULL, and of code catching segfaults like on Windows, throw a wrench in this assumption eve here), but other types of UB are much worse.

If you accidentally issue a read from a point after the end of an array, but only later check that the index was within bounds (e.g. `int x = a[i]; if i < len(a) return x; else return NULL`), the compiler eliding the bounds check by the same logic will take a program that might have been safe in practice to a program that is certainly not safe. Note that I don't know if compilers perform this type of optimization, so this may be a hypothetical.

In general though, I think that the tension here comes from C being used in 2 very different use cases: 1 is C used as portable assembly, where you expect the compiler to keep a pretty 1:1 mapping with your code; and the second one is C used as the ultimate performance language, where you drop to C when you can't optimize further in anything else. I think most of the complaints about "exploiting UB" come from the first camp, whereas the second camp is pretty happy with the current status quo.