skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Thanks for the feedback - will take a look at improving the UX on that user journey!
Why don't you try - because this comment has no value. If you don't like this for some reason, please state why.
Could you elaborate on this middle income trap?

Have other nations fallen victim to this trap, in the recent past - say 30-50 years or so?

I fully agree that ascendancy or primacy is far from inevitable and am generally far less optimistic than you , in these things.

But could you shed light on what sorts of factors prevented a nation similar in its growth spurt from continued growth?

What kneecapped them?
> > they're often limited and have diminishing returns

> Right. I think therefore the thing is, to be conscious about the purpose of those games, ask questions about what kind of value they bring to their players and the society at large.

> Are they opium for the masses?

Is it wrong to want to devote time to being idle/non-productive? Must we spend every waking moment perfecting our every aspect? Are we afforded no moments of respite beyond sleep?
Life is not linear. You have a proportion of your budget to spend on moonshots (literally). Developed countries can spend more while less developed countries spend a lesser proportion on such moonshots. It’s up to the respective country to decide where they’d like to spend their proportion on. In this case, India decides this mission.
"There are actually strong links between diet and health."

Agreed. The strongest link being, restriction of over-eating. We've known about this link since before the time of Moses.

"Eating a lot of vegetables lowers the risk of quite some diseases including cancer and heart diseases."

Probably because one can only eat so much and the vegetables crowd out the meat and dairy in the diet. Probably not because of special, magic flavonoid chemicals.
Brilliant example. Strang is a great teacher, his book on linear algebra being another key text.
> Either he's ignorant, or he thinks the target audience are morons.

He’s the CEO of a company for which this policy results in probably hundreds of millions of dollars in profit. He’s doing what he can to defend the golden goose.
The UK used to know build how to most those things, indeed invented them; they now buy them from abroad. Globalisation and the economics thereof dictate that.

India to some degree skipped a step on the way. Much like central and rural African countries skipping broadband and going straight to mobile internet.
It is the reason I'm slowly moving away from Linux. I've learned Linux, for years I've invested time and money learning everything I could. And it was fun. I even built LFS many times. I know how NOT to break it and how to fix it. And as we have seen with GNOME3, systemd, Wayland etc. RH will deliver and every major distribution will eventually adopt immutable directories and statically linked applications. So, my conclusion after all this years learning and having fun with Linux is that it was a waste of time. I understand the propaganda: it's good for everyone (who don't like dealing with Linux, the OS). And I understand the real reason: distribution developers don't like the tedious work that is compiling, linking and packaging the same software over and over again. But the feeling that I wasted my time. If it's to use a immutable, bloated, reboot-all-the-time OS, I just use any other OS.

As I posted here: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=20425615
Composting is certainly better than single use plastics, but even a single use compostable bag is a waste of energy vs something that can be reused.
I wish this comment was less baited. If your argument is true and strong, then you don’t need to dismiss it as fan behavior or call it a fetish.

Your argument is also demonstrably weak. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/NASA_spinoff_technologies
It's worse than that, as I understand it a professional airline pilot can only remain type-certified in a single type rating at one time.

That means that if 737MAX requires a new type certification, then it requires in order to make business sense for airlines either (at a minimum) additional costly fragmentation of the airlines' employee pool, or more likely making plans to retire the fleet of planes that are classified under the prior "not as profitable body design" of type certification.

My source is hard to narrow down, I've been listening to the APG podcast show, where Captain Jeff (the not-as-good-looking Jeff) flies MD-80's for "Acme Airlines", I guess which is a major US legacy carrier who has been renamed to protect the innocent. It might have been something I heard here, or read online, and I am not a pilot, so willing to be called out by anyone who knows more than me, please feel free to chime right in here if you know different. I can't seem to find a source for this fact.

I think perhaps what I misunderstood might be, if there is no law or regulation that says you can't be type certified in multiple aircrafts at once, actually have to turn in your current type rating in order to get another one... (???)

... but that the practicality of maintaining multiple type ratings for a pilot makes it something basically so expensive or onerous as an Airline Transport Pilot, that it would be practically unheard of for someone to maintain two type rating certifications at once for any period of time. And it seems logical the same thus goes for airlines themselves. The Southwest brand of cheap flights was originally made possible by the fact that their entire fleet was made up of planes with just one type rating. The more type ratings that must be maintained, the less nimble and profitable the company will be.

It seems likely we're going to see more airlines going under as this story unfolds, either that or some kind of major bailouts. I don't even know if they make any insurance that covers this scope and scale of business catastrophe.
As many people have noted: AoA sensors, not pitot tubes.

What hasn't been mentioned: the fact that MCAS repeatedly engages, over many minutes, whilst both pilots were repeatedly fighting the system, and the elevation-over-ground track was highly anomalous.

A major problem with automated systems is that few of them have any awareness that they are ever doing the wrong thing, operationg far outside the bounds of their own design, and will, in this case, fly a plane into the ground. If multiple pilot actions and flight track indicate disagreement, automation should probably disengage.

There are other problems with pilots, of course. AF447 was a failure of pilots, but one exacerbated by automated and fly-by-wire controls not revealing conflicting inputs by Bonin and Dubois. Germanwings 9525, and by appearances MA370 are among cases where a single pilot acting alone sabotaged or crashed a commercial passenger flight. See: https://www.huffpost.com/entry/pilots-crashing-on-purpose_n_... and https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suicide_by_pilot

But outside notable hijacking incidents of 18 years ago, concerted efforts by multiple pilots are unheard of.
As a compiler developer:

Integral and differential calculus is not useful at all [1]. Compilers are not very computation-heavy, and where they do require grinding through math, the interesting problems are discrete math rather than continuous variable problems, which means that integral and differential calculus very rarely offer insights.

The math you usually want is algebra. Even then, the elementary algebra you learned in high school (or earlier) is usually sufficient. More complex domains in math are usually used for theoretical analysis and are less common in practice. Many dataflow optimizations can be described as monotonic functions over a semilattice, but they are rarely implemented as such. Type systems in functional languages can be understood more richly as applied category theory. Linear algebra is useful when multidimensional loop nests come into play.

[1] Unless maybe you're building a neural network compiler.
> I have a keyboard with silent black MX switches and I never felt any need for clickyness.

I had a red keyboard and I never felt that it was necessary. But then I got a blue and I would never go back. Just because the sound isn't necessary or helpful doesn't mean it's pleasing to have it.

Like a big moon roof in a car, if you've never had one you may not really see the point, but once you get one the feeling of having light coming in from overhead is something that you quickly begin to enjoy.

You may want to try this program - even though I have blues I keep it enabled when I use headphones or when I am using the laptop keyboard: https://github.com/zevv/bucklespring
تحميل تطبيق مايكروسوفت اوفيس وورد Office Word برابط مباشر اندرويد
The thing that irritates me more than anything about the argument that sending people to space is a bad idea is the unique bias people have against space technologies.

No-one ever says "We spend billions on Football; let's spend it on poor people instead", or "We spend billions on the music and film industries, let's shut those down and instead tax everyone for the average entertainment spend and send the proceeds to developing nations". Or defense for that matter.

Hell, you hardly even hear people say that about other, dubiously cost-effective science projects like the LHC.
Indeed and you use the portals to jump to planets with resources that you need frequently (or in my case to a planet I named Boneyard that seems to have an absurd amount of ancient bones and blind sentinels).

It's a very flexible play structure.
If you're using a phone for those services then almost certainly not. Almost all phones support multiple GNSS (GPS, galileo, GLONASS, etc) so one going down shouldn't cause issues.
An unbeatable poker bot offers glimpses of video game AI’s future
Probably true, but my own experience tells me that they also run distinct services on multiple clouds that are unrelated and isolated, rather than running services across clouds. (For the most part: I have seen a few cross-cloud applications. Never optimal.)
> I think it's a massive economic barrier. How much does it cost to have an online experience of socialization or eating with equivalent quality to an offline one? People still take vacations, pack up their bags, and fly on planes to meet others and eat food. When will a virtual meeting and a virtual burger every be as good and cheaper?

How many people can now "walk" the streets of Venice who could never afford to travel there, but their friend has a VR and they got to experience it. It doesn't have to be better or cheaper to be opening doors for people today.
It's not that simple. The 737max is the way it is because a ton of stuff is not certifiable today anymore but is grandfathered in since the 60s.
Fear, hate, and outrage release some powerful brain chemicals. I sometimes feel like people are almost literally doing hits of online drama.

Tabloids, daytime TV, and radio shock jocks have always implicitly gotten this and delivered this fix, but social media is to those what crack is to chewing coca leaves.
Yes. I only use old reddit
Chicken and egg: Why would anyone leave Facebook/Twitter/CorporateTool for this or any other competitor?

Also, what's to prevent this from being boiled down to another set of Facebook-like/Twitter-like/CorporateTools, just as the early web was contorted into today's interactive TV?
Depends what you need to do I guess. ffmpeg or Handbrake are great for many tasks and would always be my first choice as they are so much quicker and easier to work with for simple things, but if you need to do some splicing together of footage, colour correction, etc. then really I think you need a visual environment to do it in above a certain point.
I'm reading a lot about WebAssembly (which, I know, it's not a programming language per se), and more recently Dark (https://darklang.com).

My open question is whether in the coming 2-3 years there will be a significant paradigm shift in programming languages, or not.

My bet is that a combination of new, purpose-specific languages, together with "real" AI, will have a chance to have a big impact.
I don't stay in hotels. Is this an issue of pull vs. push pricing?

I rented a van just now. Hidden somewhere was a 1p per mile AdBlue charge.

I don't want to pay that. It was not quoted to me originally.

If I were paying in cash I could just not pay it and it'd be their move.

Credit cards and the associated bureaucracy make that way more hassle than it's worth.
Thanks for posting this research. It does a nice job of explaining stuff that has been observed for a long time but which there was no explanation. Another reason why it's worth my time to be involved with the HN community!
I'd prefer not to, since correcting runaway horizontal stabilizer trim requires pilots to manually turn control wheels that many pilots lack the arm and upper body strength to turn.

The plane has become too large to rely on muscles and mechanical linkages to move a primary control surface.
He did find a way to land his rockets upright just like they do in cartoons. People definitely laughed when he first announced that idea.

Since then it is hard to dismiss his other fanciful concepts as crazy talk until prototypes start appearing (or not).
> With enough inventory, why couldn't you charge locally?

Read the article a little closer and you'll see that these Aluminum-air batteries can't really recharge. The Aluminum is converted into a new (lower energy) compound as the energy is released from the battery. To "recharge" you need to send the battery back to a recycling facility where the Aluminum compound is smelted back into pure (higher energy) Aluminum. So the smelter is where the stored energy is coming from.

I suppose someone could design a local smelter and reformer, but that seems like a pain given alternative battery options.

Also, if anyone is interested, there is also a method by which Aluminum is used to react with water to liberate Hydrogen that can then be used as fuel in a fuel cell (same deal, the resulting Aluminum compound must be regenerated in a smelter if you want to reuse it). The subject Al-air battery seems a little better as it takes the need for a fuel cell out of the equation.
... and how do you know the person rolling their own crypto doesn't have the skills? Isn't the crypto libraries out there written by humans? If you're rolling your own crypto because you believe in security by obscurity then you're probably not smart enough to roll your own. But if you're willing to open it up to the world because you have a new trick up your sleeves then sure if you have the background.

I still think that ties into the original question, when does it make sense to roll your own? If it's not part of your core business and doesn't give you an edge, then it never makes sense, unless you're doing it for the fun of it.
Small note that this is fixed in C++17: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/38501587/what-are-the-ev...
Yeah, I love the one that starts "All of linear algebra deals with the four following problems: Ax=b (where A either is square, tall rectangular or wide rectangular) and Ax=lx where A is square."
> Best to read this blog as an example of economic behaviour explained through a graph

Not sure if this is good company to keep. Generally speaking, behavioural economic models aren't worth the paper they're printed on.
I believe that businesses are allowed to give special deals to customers of their choice as long as they don't discriminate based on race color religion sexual preference, maybe age?

It's really just a question if it is in MS interest to make sure their "partners" always use MS products instead of those of the competition. It's not a question of ethics.

I think the term is "price differentiation". Some people get it cheaper.
Why airplane windows have round corners (2016)
It reads like broader organizational incompetence to me. From what I’ve seen:

1. They did safety analysis based on the original design: what needs to happen for MCAS to misfire (both the g-sensor and the AoA need to be incorrect) and what happens if it does (it runs once, to maximum authority of 0.6 degrees). They concluded from this that the issue was “major failure” rather than “hazardous” or “catastrophic”, and that the design met the reqs for “major” (2 sensors involved here, and major only requires 1).

2. Much later, with the analysis already rubber stamped by the FAA, they discover the low speed issue with stick forces and decide they can modify MCAS to resolve this as well, by radically increasing its authority over the stabilizers (more deflection needed to generate the same force at lower speeds) and removing the gsensor (which wouldn’t trip at low speeds). (This also seems to be where they introduced running it in a loop? Although some things we’ve seen out of Boeing seem to indicate that they might have not understood at any point that this was the way the system was written, or at least anyone involved in any analysis never knew to consider that)

3. Again later, someone concludes that the changes meet their initial analysis classification requirements, because they’ve already done a safety analysis and concluded “major”, which allows for 1 sensor with no redundancy, which they continue to have.

Nobody seems to have noticed that they’ve now fallen into a circular reasoning loop — the system must be safe to “major” level because we previously decided the system was safe to “major” level. They look at whether or not the changes still meet the requirements for “major” failure, but neglect to re-open the analysis and decide whether “major” is still the correct classification of failure in the first place.

Probably this means 1, 2, and 3 were being done by multiple groups of people with poor visibility and communication between them. Someone was asked to check whether the new setup met the requirements for the failure analysis the FAA had approved, but there was nobody looking at the bigger picture question of whether the validity of that analysis still applied.
Yes, but doctors often refer to us as "the IT guys", and also have no idea what they're talking about.
Chess grandmaster Igors Rausis accused of using phone hidden in toilet to cheat
> So how much do you think the Indians are spending on the space mission, how much of it should be taken away and applied towards poverty elimination and how exactly do you see that working?

All very good questions. I think the act of asking them is more important than merely stating that the space program is either worth it or not worth it.
I think most of people agreed to just give them anything they want since media was constantly bombarding with that stuff.
One interesting twist is that some problems are completely intractable for most programmers. I mean that they cannot produce a working solution no matter how much time or effort they use, or if they do it's so riddled with bugs it's practically useless.

Thus it follows that for certain tasks there are "∞x" programmers. Therefore there are absolutely "10x" programmers as well, which fits in with my subjective experience.

Certainly domain knowledge can play a very big role, but there are also rare individuals that seem to be much more productive no matter the task.
needs more vision. decentralization alone won't get us out of this nightmare. even if we design the perfect replacement system, we'll never get the mainstream off the old one - not without nuking Moab Utah.
Ask HN: What kind of work can I do for 8 months?
Hi, I'm a long-time HN reader, but first time posting!

TL;DR: I am a data scientist, working in finance (quant). I just left my old work, but cannot start my new job until perhaps as late as May 2020 (January if I'm lucky). What kind of work could I do in a short time like this?

The reasons for why I cannot start my new job are boring, legal, and frankly upsetting - so never mind. I can, however, work outside finance. But what kind of skilled, data-or-programming-related job can I do for 6-8 months? I'm not asking for specific job offers or suggestions (though these are welcome too), rather, what modes of work make sense in the timeframe? Contracting? Do any companies hire data analysts short-term? Can I make any headway with a side project / startup in such a short period? I definitely want to start my new job next year, so not looking for something long-term, and I wouldn't want to mislead a potential employer/client into thinking otherwise.

Here, I'm thinking of paid, or deeply meaningful unpaid work. I have savings to see me through, but I could do with some kind of income over this period.

For context, I have a sciency degree, 7 years' experience of data and programming, generally numerate and pretty good at what I do. I'm also good at Python, though no 10x developer for sure.

Many thanks in advance for all your help!
I do think human spaceflight is a bad idea for now, but Chandrayaan-2 is a robotic mission.
nice, I did something similar to myConsole, except I did override some functions and added some buttons to make it look like and app

https://github.com/victorqribeiro/myConsole
If I decide to learn an entirely new skill 'X', my steps are generally:

1. Imagine how I would do 'X'

2. If I hit any walls, I look up that specific step

3. Eventually I end up with a complete idea of how to do X, so that I have a basic mental model of X to challenge and grow

4. I then look up videos/articles/books on how to do X - important to do this before testing step 3 as "1 month in the workshop saves 1 hour in the library"

5. Once I've seen a few different ways of X, then I try to do it. If it doesn't work I go back to step 4 and learn more.

6. (OPTIONAL - if I want better results) I first iterate on the 'final product', to see how tweaking various steps affect the final result. For example, if I'm brewing beer I'll do two attempts in parallel with one varied parameter, so I can figure out how that single parameter is affecting the result.

7. (OPTIONAL - if I feel creative) Once I have a good idea on how to do X with success and sufficient quality, I then consider if I can innovate.

8. (OPTIONAL - if I want to be a master) Once I'm done innovating on X, and feel satisfied that "this is good enough", I try to make the process more efficient.

9. Share results with interested friends, and use their feedback to go back to step 6.
Also, India produces a staggering amount of geniuses who leave the country due to lack of good roles or technical challenges.

Having ISRO or Brahmos around, allows the country to keep some of its smartest in the country, before they are poached by the west.
Why would you arbitrarily exclude suicide from gun violence? Guns are a distinct problem because they make serious injury/death incredibly easy and simple. That's just as true for murder as it is for suicide, and in a world without guns both acts would have a far lower success rate.
The 6 Most Awful Popes
Because if one party is offering to double my UBI check, they're going to get my vote - and I have the advantage of knowing all the ways that is likely to make everyone poorer overall. Now I don't know how other people think, but it seems reasonable they would also behave like that, maybe even be more likely to do so.
Why memories of music cannot be lost to Alzheimer's and dementia
I recently stayed at boutique hotel in Boston, the Hotel Commonwealth, that pulled the same thing on me -- a per-night "destination charge" that included a bunch of things I didn't use except for in-room wifi which was advertised as included. I left them a scathing review and won't go back. I hope that enough people voting with their wallets will change this, but I'm not optimistic.
You must see whether the money used in something is from the te sector or if it was stolen from the people through taxation. If it is the former, it's none of your business and indeed it doesn't make anyone poorer. If it is the later, it's of everyone's business, unfair, and bad. I'm not into Indian space endeavours but probably the money comes from poor taxpayers who would be way better off if they weren't plundered in the first place.