skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
In every species except man, the benefits of intelligence are largely limited to a single individual or a small family clan. Without widespread cooperative behavior there can be no evolutionary pressure to push intelligence to our heights. What use is it for a gorilla to read or have complex language if it can't be used to cooperate with a large number of other individuals?

Unfortunately, both Darwinian genetics and game theory tell us that cooperative behavior is exceedingly unlikely to emerge. In fact, there exists no well supported theory that fits the Darwinian genetic model of evolution for how non-kin cooperation could have emerged in the human species, let alone one that's widely accepted or which is supported by evidence. All the existing theories are predicated on the argument that cooperation is beneficial therefore evolutionary would select for cooperation, but neither genes nor evolution have foresight.

On the other hand, it should be abundantly clear that the types of intelligence which benefit the individual or a family clan arise readily in nature. Tool use, teaching, even culture are clearly widespread; they're simply circumscribed by well known genetic counter pressures. Cheating strategies spontaneously emerge and effectively limit the establishment of cooperative behaviors to close kin and, to a lesser extent, non-kin that are genetically incentivized to play along (e.g. mating partners or prospective mating partners), but only to the extent that have the incentive to play along. The two species of mammals which exhibit the greatest degree of systematic social cooperation (i.e. the ones closest to humans in terms of eusociality, though still not remotely comparable) are bonobos and mole-rats. Predictably, those groups are predominately composed of cooperating genetic sisters, so in fact their behavior is more analogous to bees and ants than to humans in terms of how and why eusociality exists.

It follows that the emergence of non-kin cooperative behavior likely preceded our intelligence. This is the bottleneck--not thumbs or speech or whatever phenotype du jure, including complex intelligence. None of this stuff stands up to scrutiny. All the evidence and theory clearly points to cooperative social behavior, for which there's little reason to believe was predicated on some simple phenotype. If only we knew how we passed through that evolutionary bottleneck....
Solomonoff induction has long been known to be important in machine learning, where the shorter of two equivalent models is considered "better". This paper extends this in three ways. First, it shows that the data itself can be considered a model of itself. Therefore, an absolute bound for being able to decide that you have a good model from the data is having a model that is smaller than the data. Second, the paper provides a method to quantitatively trade-off accuracy and model size. Third, this methodology is implementation-agnostic, and can in theory be applied to any type of machine learning model.
I was pretty disappointed when I learned one of my contacts on Matrix was receiving my messages on his Gmail. That's a feature I would rather the client to not even have so people don't accidentally enable it. I hope it won't take too long for a more privacy-oriented client than Riot to appear. The best thing right now is MiniVector, which is a stripped down Riot fork with fewer permissions required: https://github.com/LiMium/mini-vector-android
Hey! I think what you want is already implemented in the feature "click-comment-indent-to-toggle".
I'm not hippy dippy over here, just applying empathy and learning to time-outs. Instead of punishments for bad actions they are a chance for him to communicate what's wrong and a chance to teach him how to handle his emotions. It is a long ass road for sure, and I certain don't leave him to handle physical situations himself. It is only occasionally he gets upset about something and notices he needs to calm himself down. Most of the time, he needs guidance.

His preschool is actually where most of these techniques come from and they spend a bunch of time identifying feelings and keeping things positive/productive and do things like have the kids jump on a mini-trampoline to burn off excess energy.

If he is hitting someone, I immediately move him away and try to work him through talking/breathing/etc. Most really bad situations can be avoided by putting him in a position to succeed. That just means stuff like don't keep him out until 11pm and don't drag him around unhappily if we can help it. He is only 4 but we try to respect his personhood - he doesn't make the rules but we consider his wants/dislikes and warn him when we know he is going to need to do something he won't like. In turn, he tends to behave better in those situations - he has been on a 13 hour flight with no drama. In his life, has only required a kicking/screaming drag away response maybe once or twice. A lot of that is simply avoiding those situations before they develop.

All kids push boundaries so we try not to set fake goalposts, (i.e. No cake for you if you do this! But then give him the cake anyway.) We only threaten things we are willing to go through with, even if they mean shittiness for everyone. We've left stores before we wanted to, left dinners early and left parties early to avoid meltdowns. While it sucks, those are big events that prove we aren't making empty threats but informing him of real boundaries. When we know we can't uphold something we simply don't threaten it.

He also has a younger brother (2 yrs) and of course they fight over toys often. The progression goes from: "Did you ask or just grab? Can you share/take turns?" If the younger one is grabbing from him (which is more common): "Can you trade/offer him an alternative toy? Can you ask him to wait instead of fighting for it?" If none of that works, I take the toy away for a while and say "that's the rule". It's great to blame the "rules" because they can't argue against them.
Facebook Inc. has signed up more than a dozen companies
including Visa Inc., Mastercard Inc., PayPal Holdings Inc.
and Uber Technologies Inc. to back a new cryptocurrency it
plans to unveil next week and launch next year.

This means each of these companies will pay $$$ to run a "node" for this currency and have full visibility into the transactional behavior of the users of the coin.

The term "cryptocurrency" is applied a bit too liberally in the space, but what are the odds that Facebook's coin is censorship-resistant? Will Facebook help enforce US monetary imperialism, or will it thumb its nose at US sanctions? (e.g. allow a US Facebook user to send Libra to Iranian Facebook users)

Now, there could be a surprise plot twist in which these megacorps stand up for individual liberties. There have been stranger things.
13cm already overlaps with WiFi, Bluetooth, and more.
I need an invite to this website
If you use a tiling WM, the immediate question which comes up is : can I switch this to a clean single-desk view, or is this neccessarily a tiled plane of n things, and this is one of n?

Tabs, are an attempt not to have to switch desktop, or tile the plane. Its a "stack" metaphor, with the least cost exposure of the underlying stack, as a shuffled hand of cards fanned out.

Hand of cards, vs one piece of paper per desktop but many desktops, vs I cover the one desk, but all things have to balance the space.
Your comment was a great read! Thank you.

So, what would it take for that future not to happen? Or what should the people that are going to be the most affected do?
I am surprised at the cost of LEGO parts, but they are undeniably good and durable toys.
> Sovereign immunity is the legal doctrine that the government can't be sued for anything unless it specifically allows you to do so.

I recognize why this exists, but I can't help but wonder why people working in government are so prepared/eager to defend the actions of the government or avoid admitting wrongdoing at any cost. Just admit, 'hey, yeah, we should have paid. We aren't required to because, like, immunity, but it would be the right thing to do. Here's some money.' and move on.

Or when cops and DAs use some sketchy means of doing something good, like stingrays. Is there no sense of, hey, maybe we shouldn't have this power. We should self-regulate or get legislation made. It's not even against self-preservation as those tools made them better at their jobs, in theory, reducing the need for more people.

I just feel like the people in our government, at all, levels, could be more honest.

Politics makes me sad. :(
Early electric cars performed better in cities than internal combustion vehicles, but didn’t give riders the same illusion of freedom and masculine derring-do

Isn't that the same reason we still don't all drive electric cars?

I was always disappointed that NEV's didn't take off, seems like a perfect solution for cities and even suburbs -- lanes could be striped much narrower and parking could be much more dense.

But few people want to drive a glorified golf cart to the office, even if they only drive 10 miles and are stuck in stop and go traffic anyway, so the 25mph NEV cap wouldn't really change their commute time.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neighborhood_Electric_Vehicle
Zucky is trying hard to make his scam of a company, that sells spam as the only source of revenue, looks legit and respectable company that actually sells something, but instead he adds up more scams
I am not sure it's less efficient by default or simply because of lack of R&D into making steam engines better.

I read about a government program in maybe the 70s (oil crisis?) where steam engines were reviewed to replace gas engines. The reason being is that burning fuel at atmospheric pressure means you burn it more cleanly and fully. This sounds like an efficiency balance at some level, certainly a pollution advantage.

A quick search brought up this:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_steam_technology#Auto...

https://www.damninteresting.com/the-last-great-steam-car/
Fun fact: the use of federal disaster funds for any replacement other than as-built components is specifically forbidden by law, because Congress doesn't want disaster victims to profit from a free upgrade. And that is why PREPA components have to be machined specially.
It’s Mark “I’m CEO B!t(h” Zuckerberg.

Do you think he’d start a currency he wouldn’t be able to use to spy on every user?
> Say you browse sites A B C D E, then later you go back and browse D, then B.

> But recording A B C D E D B might be more cluttered, but more helpful as well. It shows you the decisions you made to browse from one thing to another.

That's personally why I have been using Tree Style Tab (for about a decade now)

• https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/tree-style-ta...

• https://github.com/piroor/treestyletab
Like most pages, the "reader mode" in Firefox makes it readable.
I just finished reading the book yesterday. It's amazing what Nike had gone through to become the company today. I learned to have great respect for Phil Knight, but I don't understand why he mistreated Jeff Johnson. In the book, Jeff Johnson clearly believes in the company and Phil Knight. He goes out of his way several times, sacrificing himself to make the company afloat. And yet, Phil Knight doesn't treat Johnson with the respect he deserves. He flat out ignores him for an extended period while Jeff Johnson reaches out for input from his boss. That's rude even for a boss. Why would Phil Knight do this? He doesn't explain in the book and it's really annoying.
Why wouldn't breaking up Google and Facebook be in the interest of the public?
Almost like this trait might be inherent in all mammals. Or does it go even higher? All animals? All life? Evolve intelligence, begin building your doom?
To me, its as unethical as plagiarism.
I only skimmed, but these felt relevant. The Needleman one feels like an intensely structural/process analytic paper, focussed on legalisms. It isn't exploring the problem as such. I felt these went more to the polemic intent I had saying the UK demutualization had consequences.

https://kar.kent.ac.uk/64829/ Abstract
This paper examines and compares the performance and operating behaviour of demutualized building societies (DBS) over the period of 1987-2007 relative to mutual building societies and major retail banks in the UK. We find significant differences in their operating behaviour over this period and show that the operating behaviour varies with the form of ownership. We also investigate the potential causes of the failure of all DBS in the UK. Our findings show significant changes in the funding and lending strategies of DBS which expose them to higher risk. We also find a strained capital formation and deteriorating capital base of DBS in the post-conversion period. Our results suggest that changes in the business model, diminished capital base and, in part, failing to get all the necessary funding from the wholesale market at the time of the financial crisis of 2007-08 contributed to the demise of a once a successful financial institution in the UK.

https://www.thenews.coop/85589/sector/big-bang-demutualisati...

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/314899851_From_Demu... Robin Klimecki and Hugh Willmott University of Cardiff Business School, Cardiff, UK Abstract – This paper aims to examine the inﬂuence of neoliberalist deregulation on the rash ofdemutualisations of the 1990s. It explores the extent to which the demutualisation of two building societies – Northern Rock and Bradford & Bingley – and their subsequent demise in the wake of the credit crunch exemplify key features of the neoliberalist experiment, with a particular focus on their post-mutualisation business models.

https://www.orkestra.deusto.es/images/investigacion/publicac... ‘Strategic Failure’ and the case of the UK’s former Building Societies: lessons for the reform of governance in the UK Banking sector J. Robert Branston, Philip R Tomlinson, James R. Wilson
Eh I just use the free program f.lux as it dims your computer screen's colours so that you aren't exposed to blue light before you sleep.
It's not pro public domain though, it's basically just saying that copyright doesn't apply to the government.
If Facebook can pull this off they will have brought about the first universal internet currency, which would be a stunning achievement and could revolutionalize the web as we know it. Failed projects give us some idea of what their challenges will be.

Cryptocurrencies right now have a trade off between scalability and decentralization. Bitcoin is theoretically decentralized even though the reality is more complex. But theoretically anyone with a computer can randomly decide to mine the coin and participate in the network. This whole process is made possible by Proof of Work, which was the key brilliant idea that made bitcoin secure and possible. The problem right now is this algorithm doesn’t allow very many transactions per second.

Other currencies have experimented with something called Proof of Stake to solve the scaling problems but it’s not known if it can be as secure as proof of work. Facebook’s currency will probably use this method. The basic idea is that the holders of the currency vote for what happens on the network. It’s an interesting idea but it’s a very different direction than the key idea of bitcoin.

Another issue is that governments rely on setting interest rates to manage their economies. If an internet currency starts to take off that will limit their ability to do this. At that point you can expect major pushback.

And also, the cryptocurrency ecosystem is a huge target for hackers. Millions of dollars have been stolen over the last decade. Brilliant attacks have been created to exploit the tiniest flaws in code. The phone numbers of crypto enthusiasts have been hacked and their wallets drained. Hackers have even embedded malware on websites or servers to mine cryptocurrency on computers they don’t control. Facebook will need an iron clad security process if it wants to succeed.
And just to think, facebook banned all cryptocurrency ads last year.

https://www.cbsnews.com/news/facebook-announces-a-ban-on-cry...

Clever girl.

Considering that facebook has an active userbase nearing 2.5 billion people, libra could be the most widely used transactional currency in the world if it lives up to its potential.

One has to wonder how decentralized libra will be. I doubt facebook would introduce a currency without having direct control over it. After all, facebook and most social media companies are anti-dencentralization in their nature. And if they have control over the currency and obviously they have control over facebook accounts, then they could easily track users, currency and transaction.

Considering Facebook, Google, Apple, Microsoft, etc are now in the "social engineering", "political engineering" and societal manipulation game, maybe it's time for the lazy politicians to regulate tech. It's not simply a matter of privacy anymore, it's a matter of power and influence.

And once again, it seems like HN's talk of facebook demise was a bit premature. But then again, HN is wrong about pretty much everything it seems.
> I guess that any out of state company would be able to sue Texas in federal court, where Texas' weird laws do not apply, and they cannot invoke sovereign immunity.

“The Judicial power of the United States shall not be construed to extend to any suit in law or equity, commenced or prosecuted against one of the United States by Citizens of another State, or by Citizens or Subjects of any Foreign State.” —US Constitution, Amendment XI
Go read Jacobin. They published a big article in Vox too where the whole point was to say that social democracy (eg Scandinavian countries) is not democratic socialism. They explicitly said that there is no difference between their socialism (and communism) except for the starting point: at the ballot box not a revolution. The point of that article (explicitly) was to say that the Scandinavian countries don't go far enough. They don't believe you can push capitalism to a point where it melts down anymore, but still believe in the same changes, but it needs to start in the political sphere.

Klein literally says "I'm a socialist" or "I write for a socialist magazine" (Jacobin). Yglesias is also part of that Jacobin group. They aren't social democracy supporters, but explicitly democratic socialists.

I'm pretty well read on my socialists and anarchists, because I used to be one (I worked in am opposition campaign against the democratic Berkeley mayor because she wasn't liberal enough when I was in college).
If you're referring to the first song on the first disc, it's a combination of Exit Music and Life in a Glasshouse.
I've got a few years of community college calculus under my belt, but the cost of university and the unstructured nature of MOOCs had both deterred me from advancing along those lines. Wikipedia's math pages typically pre-suppose a higher level of understanding than I possess, or are written in exquisitely correct but practically impenetrable fashion.

This looks like it may be the bridge I've been seeking. Thank you.
Doble got pretty close to solving that problem actually. His water-tube boilers were extremely efficient at the time (probably surpassing the contemporary ICEs). He also did some work on a “wet heater” which is a boiler that
mixed the fuel with the water, burned the mix, and used the exhaust gas+steam mix for the engine. Doble really pushed the boundaries for steam cars.
Learning chess is a very time consuming skill. I don't think there is any other way besides playing lots of games against players better then you, or to endlessly drill problems, to get any better.

I am not sure how this fact lines up well with a 40yo lifestyle. This is usually the time of life where you are raising kids or making career moves, so I am not sure just how many available hours one has for study.
Many of the largest early sources of electricity were, in fact, hydro power. We could've just kept building more of those until the mid 20th century when we would've pretty much maxed out the rivers (in the US).

And don't forget wind power. Could do that, too. The intermittentness handled in areas by hydro as well. Then nuclear in the mid 20th century.
Its shocking and depressing that so few Americans are aware of this.
On the website your slogan employs poor word choice:

Discover and listen to amazing podcasts that's worth your time

Should be “that are worth your time.”

Just like you have it in your show hn headline. Sorry to nitpick!
Stoats, rats, and posums are introduced invasive predator species in New Zealand, which prey on native birds such as parrots.

By disabling traps, the parrots increase their predator population.

A classic case of solving for a net-harmful local optimum.
Ask HN: Please suggest review papers in CS topics
The one paper I have read is - Deep Learning in Neural Networks: An Overview - Juergen Schmidhuber - https://arxiv.org/abs/1404.7828, I would like to explore more review papers on various topics, just to broaden my horizons.
It is wonderful with a bit of butter - but someone needs to tell the Icelanders that! Watching them eat it, it's a true exercise in restraint not to ask if they want some fish to go with their butter. I know it's traditional and all, but I don't understand how they can even taste the fish.
The US (federal) District Court for the Eastern District of Texas has that reputation, due to local rules which attracted patent cases (IIRC, recent case law has restricted the kind of forum shopping involved in that), but that has little to do with the laws or judicial system of the State of Texas.
I don't see TeXPad mentioned anywhere. An iOS LaTeX environment, featured here a few years ago: https://www.texpad.com/blog/latex-ported-to-ipad

https://www.texpad.com/ios
I love Fish Cheeks!

I don't usually eat fish that are big enough to have big meaty ones but even on tiny fish they're amazing and usually worth the effort to dig em out. Even on Salmon its worth it.
>Riot/Mobile explicitly warns and prompts you to opt in if you try to discover contacts by email/phone number. It looks like this on Android

This is way better than the behavior of proprietary programs, but I'd much prefer if the program actively discouraged uploading private information. I can deny the permission myself, but there's not much I can do about other people's behavior, and with the way Riot currently works they are going to end up uploading my personal information.

A client that isn't even able to access contacts is one of my top wishes for Matrix right now. As soon as that appears I'm going to start recommending it to everyone over miniVector.
What if signal is lost while the truck is performing an unprotected left turn, in front of oncoming traffic with right of way? Braking in that situation will not be safe.

... during lane change?
... on highway?
"here is a new drug for curing X"

"here is a boeing 947"

"here is drinkable tap water"
The only people looking to redefine (yes, redefine, there is no supposed ongoing dispute or vagueness about what it means to be FLOSS software) are those looking to push their own agenda, its not an honest conversation and never has been.
You might be onto something... met.no has been more accurate than the usual domestic weather forecasts for as long as I can remember. Literally, it can be hailing outside, and thundering, and NOAA says like 20% chance of rain and sunny, where met.no might say 70% chance of storms, cloudy, etc...

https://www.met.no/en/free-meteorological-data
The US government has sovereign immunity, just like Texas claims here. The difference is that a Federal court can overrule a state's SI.

Nobody can overrule the federal government's SI, meaning the federal government cannot be sued for any reason unless it agrees to be sued and forfeits SI in that case.

How do people not know this?
Glacial sediments greased the gears of plate tectonics
I highly recommend lichess. Create an account and bookmark it and play endgames when you need a "distraction": https://lichess.org/training