skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
String interpolation was there in the first versions of the Bourne shell, and I suspect the pre-Bourne shell in PDP-7 Unix in 1970 or so, but of course programmers have been generating strings by pasting together bits of constant and variable strings for a lot longer than that; Church defined the λ-calculus in terms of string interpolation in the 1930s, before there were even any computers. Computer-generated printed letters were already a commonplace occurrence in the US in the 1950s (at least if references in the fiction of the era are to be believed), and those are of course built with string interpolation. Around that time, assembly languages became the first languages to claim to make computer programming obsolete (because at the time "programming" meant programming in binary), and rather quickly some of them developed macro capabilities — before 1960, I think. Macro assemblers typically do their macro magic with string interpolation, even today. High-level languages of the time commonly used template strings, like those in (1964?) BASIC's PRINT USING statement, though FORTRAN's "edit descriptors" used a non-interpolation-based syntax. COBOL's "edited picture" feature is a kind of string interpolation, but I have no idea when it was added to COBOL.

In the 1970s string interpolation really got going with languages like sh, cpp, and m4, which was popularized on many platforms by the "Software Tools" book (which in a sense is a slow buildup to the presentation of m4); m4 is Turing-complete entirely through string interpolation (more so even than Tcl decades later).

I suspect Perl had string interpolation from the beginning (1988), given its shell roots, but I don't have a copy of Perl 1 to test with.

For an overview of modern languages' string-interpolation syntax, I suggest https://www.rosettacode.org/wiki/String_interpolation_%28inc....

Hope this helps!
Show HN: Weekendr.io – Curated Friday to Sunday Roundtrip Flights Under $300
Back in the PHP 3/4 days, a lot of related functions would have different argument orders.

str_replace(old, new) vs. stri_replace(new, old) kind of thing.
I see your point, but the syntax inside of fstrings forms an entirely new sub-language (DSL). I can look at old python and know exactly how the .format() calls parse with positional and named keyword arguments, but looking at the fstrings I need to be familiar with all of the new magic.

I've heard similar complaints about the loop macro in Common Lisp, and this feels a bit like shell or Tcl strings which could mean anything (arguments to sed/awk or paths to widgets/urls). However, I guess people are familiar with regular expressions as a completely foreign nested language (DSL), so this isn't much different than that.
Bristol academic cracks Voynich code
Hey - I am the author of BudgetSheet ( https://www.budgetsheet.net/ ). It is a Google Sheets add-on that links to your own Plaid account to auto-import transactions, and all the data is all stored in the spreadsheet itself so there is no other web service involved.

I don't have any charts or graphs yet, but it is relatively straightforward to make them in a spreadsheet with data that has dates and numbers like the transactions do. Check it out (free for one account), and maybe I can help you with some charts. Email me at vance [at] vancelucas [dot] com or ping me on Twitter at @vlucas if you want to chat about it. I'd love to hear your ideas.
So "we must do something, this is something, we must do it"?

My lack of an alternative doesn't make your idea good.
When I initially clicked the link, I expected to hear about some bad things that happen when lots of tourists go somewhere to look at wildlife. Wildlife, to me, means animals which are not captive to humans. But the majority of animals described in this article -- tame elephants, dancing bears, trained monkeys and so forth -- are born, raised and abused in captivity.

Now if you told me that animal performance attractions are typically cruel, that would be a much less surprising headline -- the sordid history of circus animals is a long-told story. I guess the Amazon river dolphins are wildlife, but if the punchline of the story were "dolphins hurt each other fighting for bait", I don't think it would arouse quite as much pity in the audience. And I wouldn't be nearly as surprised to hear that there is a "dark secret" lurking behind "exotic animal encounter" tourism.

So I feel a little disappointed in the title.
Plenty of excellent open and closed source tools are available. For example check out clc genomics workbench
The government deciding to not purchase that equipment for their own use in sensitive networks is one thing. (And this was already in place before this executive order.)

Banning corporations from doing that in their own commercial networks is another thing (and that is what happens now).

And pressuring other countries (either via ambassadors or other venues) and threatening with sanctions when they come to their own conclusions is yet another thing again.
in market economies developer will come to homeowner and propose to buy house for 50% more than market price, owner will sell, buy house in another place and have half million $ on bank account.
Hershey changing chocolate bar design for the first time ever, adding emojis
"Changing any of these will make the summer drift into the winter, or the night into the day, or whatever."

Leap days, sure.

Leap seconds - as the article points out, there have only been 27 so far since 1970. Less than a minute per century isn't much drift, and could be corrected in a bigger block later.
Try to broaden your horizons.. I work in telecoms only one step away from a FPGA, a 1ms pause would be a critical bug report..
> Your child could have slipped when getting off a train and permanently injured themselves, or in any other number of ways.

But thanks to our laws, we don't have to worry about playground sets.

Low probability / high impact events are a fact of life and are a valid cause for regulations. Worker safety laws in the early 1900s were such that people more regularly lost fingers or even limbs in heavy machinery. It still happens today, but safety programs and safety regulations have made such events far less likely.
pear/pecl are more for installing extensions TO php in my experience, where composer is for installing packages built IN php, so composer is more the defacto community package manager, pear/pecl are useful though when you need to install gmp, gdi, intl, etc on your local dev environment. I don't know anyone who uses pear to install carbon or guzzle, or any other php package though.
In my old neighborhood, someone was going around buying pairs of pillbox houses and putting condos up in their place. I'm fairly certain that developers aren't waiting for houses to go up for sale to approach people. I know a guy who got cold called about his rental property because some big developer was trying to build... something... and needed about 5 lots to do it. They bumped the offer about 10% every time they called and eventually he was the last holdout so they called him a 3rd time.
You're right, that's not the chart I wanted to see. I'm just dubious that reimplementing lots of the Linux kernel in Go while paying the cost of the ptrace interception is worthwhile. It seems like you're just adding a lot of attack surface (admittedly managed code > native code) with a large perf impact.
Do you have any docs on how the kvm-runsc platform works? Skimming the files, I don't see some of the bits necessary for a bluepill style hypervisor, so I'm not sure why parts are named bluepill in there. I also don't see a lot of the linux kernel paravirt vdev code I would expect, and you seem to imply that you're not telling KVM to enable syscall trapping for the guest.
Microservices – Why Do You Need a Service Mesh?
Git forgets username and password on Windows
If you like unsafe playgrounds check out this place in Berkeley https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adventure_Playground_(Berkeley...

Almost stepped on nails a few times. Only took my kids once. Felt a little too unsafe.
Can anyone stop him?

I don't want him to do this. I don't want these tariffs.

Does this mean the Republican Party is compliant in this nonsense?
Video Case Study for Idle Coffee Corp. – #1 Strategy Game
> How many extra lives are lost to obesity because children never learn how fun it is to move outdoors? Everything is so safe an non-fun.

I've yet to find a kid that doesn't find a flat field of grass outdoors to be fun, so if there's a problem here, it's parents keeping kids indoors, not playground safety being too good.
Ah, the "cant happen here" argument.
I work for a UK based ISP. We have millions of unused addresses, largely because back in the 90s they were practically giving them away. We're still expanding and using up new IPs daily, but we often sell blocks when the department needs a boost...
Given the many vulnerabilities across all vendors over the last years, secure development and operation practices are missing across the board. Cisco managed to fuck up their entire secure boot solution (https://thrangrycat.com/), Intel's ME can be taken out of service despite "firmware signing", and I presume that a proper audit by the government would have uncovered that.
RoboKiller hosed my voicemail after uninstalling it and they didn't hose it via my device but actual voicemail line got hosed and AT&T has tried to fix it with no avail.

Best solution I've found on iPhone --> Do NoT Disturb --> only allow calls from contacts. Receive texts notifications only from contacts too.
This maybe describes a phenomenon in general, but it does not at all describe what's happening with Tesla.

People genuinely believe they've stumbled over the next Theranos or Enron. Maybe it was seeded by the shorts, but it's taken on a life of its own. Tesla has done more than enough shady shit that it's not entirely undeserved.

I would recommend digging in to something before attempting to diagnose it, or else resisting the temptation. The world is a complicated place.
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The story about dolphins makes me wonder why domestic horses are viewed as normal. When I compare them to dolphins the same boxes pops up. Horses have evolved to run great distances and live in larger social groups. The area which horses are kept is comparable very small compared to their wild counterpart. Horses are usually kept with only one or a few other horses, but the law do allow them to be isolated. There isn't much strict law dictating how much space they must have.
Completely agree. All the extra fees and hassle around car rentals are why I eventually bought a car, even though I really only need it sporadically -- mostly for vacations.

I think the taxes on rental cars are often a type of "tourist tax". Politicians seem to find it easy to approve taxes on people who can't vote in their reelection campaigns.
>A law prohibiting murder?

Seems like the kind of thing that should have no trouble getting rubber-stamped every few years.

Lets invert that though.

In 1615 Iceland passed a law stating that any Basque that set foot in the Westfjords /must/ be killed. They got around to abolishing it in 2015.

Seems like the sort of thing that probably should have been revoked earlier, no?

More generally, most countries legal codes are a god damn shitshow of strata so dense it takes years to decades of study to understand them even a little.

As a result, rulings are arbitrary and hard to predict, citizens are uninformed on the law and can be blindsided by vindictive police, new laws are disproportionately hard to create due to conflict resolution with old laws being required and parliaments enshrine old laws in tradition and are lothe to amend them.

In general, it's the legal equivalent of that codebase that no one is willing to change because no one remembers why things were implemented in the first place.

Lets not pretend that adding expiry clauses to existing or new laws would lead to a world where murder is legal. That'll get tracked pretty closely and refreshed on the regular. I would expect two outcomes:

1. A government department is created specifically for the purpose of tracking and ranking upcoming law expiries by importance. We should probably have something like this already.

2. For the things society holds really dear, murder/rape/assault, taxes, driving laws etc, I would expect to see a regular "refresh the core issues" session at the start of every year. Essentially a formality where the government can go "yep, torture is still bad, moving on".

However, I'd expect most of the random statutes against oral sex that are still all across the US to expire pretty quickly with lawmakers by and large not giving enough of a shit to refresh them, and that's /good/. Those laws serve no meaningful purpose, their only use is as a weapon for corrupt police to threaten average citizens with.
Here (small lots, affluent people who pay landscapers to come by frequently for nebulous reasons) the real scourge is weekday unnecessary leafblowers. I think we've raised awareness in the last year, and leafblower use so far this season has dropped dramatically, but we'll see what September is like. We might have to try to outlaw leafblowers like some other Boston area places have.
Yes, please, let them keep the option. In 20-50 years when we are actually willing to build these things the correct way again I want everyone to have that option.
https://github.com/flutter/flutter/issues has 5491 open and 14800 closed issues.
It is not a leak, it just loads too much data into memory so you need about 1 Gb of RAM to run composer update.
Awww thank you! blush
Maybe a result of cost-plus?

Anywhere where employee hours are getting charged out, a company can increase profits by increasing headcount.

It also seems to happen more indirectly. A contracting company is often motivated to increase red-tape (such as complex and unnecessary health-and-safety, because everyone agrees safety is good). That has a double win: less competition (side effect of complex requirements) and more hours charged (each hour charged increases profits with little risk).
Good point. The first thing they did after hire was send everyone away to a 6 week "boot camp" which was invaluable. Who does that anymore?
I'm a similar age as you. I did create a Twitter account once, but never used it more than once or twice.

Unfortunately the Twitter username (handle?) I chose happened to be the same as the name of a somewhat well-known RnB/Hip Hop video producer (who I had no knowledge of before I created the account).

I signed in a year or two later and found that I had a couple of hundred follow requests from various aspiring and up-and-coming rap artists. At that point I realised in all honesty that I probably had no real use for Twitter.
No, more the "isn't inevitable" argument implied by the slippery slope fallacy.

But that may be too subtle a distinction for a thread like this.
Nobody could argue that factory-farmed chicken and pork isn't evil, but there are ways to eat meat without cruelty. Steers raised for meat are not miserable, nor are deer I (try) to shoot every winter.
Maybe that's our fault for outsourcing all of our semiconductor production to China. We got cheap electronics out of the deal, but we've lost a lot of expertise in manufacturing as a result.
40 Posts About Unintended Consequences
(Can't edit. I meant the word "powerful," not the language PHP).
Exactly. If we start censoring now, where's the Schelling Fence [0] between this and censoring mainstream political opinions? What logic used to censor things here won't be used to censor more things later?

0: https://www.lesswrong.com/posts/Kbm6QnJv9dgWsPHQP/schelling-...
>I'm not asking for "free unlimited labour", I just want software that 1) works and 2) doesn't need replacing at the cost of millions of dollars every few years. I don't think that's an especially ridiculous thing to ask for. You don't need to "open source" the code in the sense of "put it on GitHub"; you can give people more limited access to the code (or just parts of the code).

The problem is equating "you can" with "must be forced to".

>There's another way of saying it: the software has a defect, and not only does the vendor refuse to fix the defect, it also prevents me from fixing it.

>With physical hardware people would be up in arms about it, but for software it's considered "normal". I don't think it should.

That's quite an exaggeration. You can't realistically fix bugs in CPU chips, or USB micro-controllers or bluetooth radios or cellphone antenna radio chips. "So then Intel should open up their CPU design" and/or "But I should be able to" is not really an argument, because anyone could say the opposite and be on equal grounds.

So now, the only principal argument that I can see us having is "should freedoms have limits" or "what freedoms are essential", and we would probably agree on most things, but it seems to me that we just come out at different positions on a spectrum.

>Microsoft also sells maintenance contracts for Windows XP, but also to large bulk customers to the tune of millions of dollars. It could choose to sell it to anyone for $2/month or whatever price is realistic.

Okay, but that is a business decision that was made because a lucrative customer demanded it as a requirement before purchase. I don't see the connection. Both parties entered into a voluntary contract... well for the most part.

On the other extreme, you are free to hire a software developer, and get software made which you can choose to release under an open source license.

Personally I happen to think that data interoperability is more crucial than the software itself. All software does in the end is just manipulate data. Its possible to have a rich variety of software when the data interchange format is standardized and protected from monopolistic abuse. The foremost example being the internet packet protocols.
I doubt they are assigning anybody less than a /24 - it's not globally reachable.
There's also new research linking an immune response to a virus as a reason for schizophrenia, which could explain living in urban centers (aka being in constant contact with carriers), as one reason for some of the higher rates of mental illness:

https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/news/newsroom/news-releases/...
Isn't this server-side react rendering? What are we doing?

We started with virtual machines and then thought, no, we can share a kernel and do this without the overhead. Now we want each of our containers to have their own kernel. This is full curcle... why not just fire up a VM? Am I missing something?

Firecracker doesn't have the product vision behind it to do this, but at some point we will have a microvm technology with the ergonomics of containers and then we'll be WAY closer to true portability and better security.
Why should they stop him? Do you trust China? I don't.
MicroSDs are an infosmuggler dream. You could probably store all financial and product information from an entire medium-size business in one of those bad boys. Pop it into your wallet in a fake coin, and you can take your flight home without ever risking online surveillance. Once you’re on friendly soil, you tip a not-really-bellboy or not-really-barman, and that’s it.

Not that you couldn’t do it before - a lot of interesting info is in small Excel spreadsheets anyway - but now you don’t even have to worry about choosing what to take, just dump it all and let the buyer figure out what they want.
* abundance of people with Cisco knowledge and certifications, everyone has fiddled with a Cisco CLI at some point in their career

* devices on the gray market are very cheap, low barrier to entry for setting up a lab or a SMB infrastructure

* the lower end stuff is pretty much set and forget (e.g. we still have 1700 series devices from year 2003 routing calls without a hiccup)

* "nobody ever got fired for buying Cisco" company mentality
Parent didn't imply it was. Freedom is often lost incrementally. Framing that basic fact of history as a logically fallacy is unwise.
Some takeaways: Trash is never dumped onto 3rd world countries. It's sold. The people there pay money for that trash because they want it.

When people throw things out they have expectations for what they want to happen with those items, and those expectations conflict with what really does happen, and what is the ideal result.
Tell that to those few thousand parents.
I don't like that PEAR by default needs administrator privileges and installs packages into system directories. That's inconvenient because you might have many PHP applications, and each needs different versions of dependencies. What did PEAR developers think? That I will be working on a single app for whole life?

Installing libraries globally is inconvenient for developers. Sadly, most Linux package managers have same problem and do not allow you to install several versions of PHP or Node.
Honest question: what is so bad about having to create one process per core?
If you have lots of data you can use shared memory, so the performance should be similar no?
Oh btw, here’s the long-form written case study as well: https://humandeluxe.com/work/idlecoffeecorp/
Just to be clear, since the article isn't: the EO does not ban products from all foreign companies, only foreign companies who "poses an undue risk of sabotage to or subversion of the design, integrity, manufacturing, production, distribution, installation, operation, or maintenance of information and communications technology or services in the United States" (Direct quote from EO).

So Ericsson, Nokia, Samsung, etc. will not be affected.
> Banning corporations from doing that in their own commercial networks is another thing

I'd argue that it depends.

Many of the corporations that would run this type of equipment end up transmitting, storing, or using sensitive and/or secret information (ranging from corporate trade secrets/IP to classified information), or could be open to abuse in other meaningful ways (cell towers recording private phone calls from important people, etc). There's no real limit to the potential abuse.

We only have to look at what the US Govt has done already, and that's with a legal system designed to prevent such a thing, as well as needing voluntary cooperation from independent private companies. Change all that to largely nationalized companies and a legal system which doesn't care... and you can see where it can go.
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Millions of children dying in the womb = crickets.

(or hot debate, depending on your country)

I know that's a controversial issue. No offense intended toward any individuals - but this is my viewpoint.
Well, depends.

In TAI: A day is 24 hours (86400 seconds always), and a second is a SI second.

In UTC: A day is a rotation of the earth, and a second is a SI second. (And since these are incompatible, we have to introduce leap seconds).

In UT1: A day is a rotation of the earth, and a second is 1/86400 of a rotation of the earth.

Julia, interestingly, uses the UT1 notion, thus avoiding leap seconds, IIRC.
Comments like your's makes me wonder why humans have been turned into zombies sitting in front of a desk most of their lives. Humans also did not evolve for the environment that they have created for themselves with their technology. They evolved as hunter gatherers that often traveled large distances chasing their food source. What they created for themselves in their sedentary lifestyles in no way resembles that.
This is how I feel climate change will be tackled (whether too late or not). It will just become cheaper to go green and being green is just a side effect.
Robert J. McEliece Passed Away
What semiconductor production is outsourced to China?
I've been trying a couple of approaches already, but first we're aiming correctness and after that async/await.

Many libraries use tokio::spawn behind the scenes, so it seems we need compat from 0.1 to 0.3 and back to 0.1 to get old futures to work with async/await and the resulting futures to work in 0.1 tokio.

Last time I checked the async/await feature in tokio had some weird crashes and tokio::spawn crashes when used inside romio...