skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Ah I didn't realize I had replied to the same person in different places. Sorry about that haha.

> I know this, I just call coercion "autoconversion" because the data is typically given a new form as well as a new box.

Hmm interesting. I think I dislike this because coercion is not always automatic, so the "auto" part of "autoconversion" is a hang-up for me. For example, doing `int("3")` in Python is an explicit coercion, but I don't think it would qualify as an "autoconversion" (unless I'm not quite understanding your definition of that term). In the interests of clarity until I understand better, I'll continue using "coercion" and I'll specify implicit vs. explicit as needed.

> Having autoconversion without casting is a sign of a strong type system, because you can't turn off the type system, you are only allowed to use it.

I agree for explicit coercion, but not with implicit.

If your coercion is implicit, then the user has no control over what's going on. The type system is essentially transforming values' types behind the curtain in an effort to prevent errors. This means that errors which the user might believe should be raised may not be. The type system is "weak" because it's not holding types rigidly with respect to the user's perspective. The user's perspective is key, because if we look at things from the language's perspective then almost any language could be viewed as strongly typed given the right theoretical framework.

> "Problem" in the sense of our discussion being incomplete, nothing more.

Totally fair!
You almost always have the option of going to jail to pay fines, typically at $50-100/day served.

Was on the train here in Houston yesterday, and this very topic came up as some folks were chatting with a transit officer onboard. Some said they'd always sit in jail rather than pay a fine.
Beggars exist and will walk up to your car at popular intersections. Drunk people also drive, or else drunk driving wouldn't be an issue and the result of so many other deaths.

Don't get me started on people suffering from road rage.
`In our effort to continuously improve customer experience` , what's the actual driver here, I don't see how going from two to one option and forcing you to change if you are in the wrong one improves my experience.
You are "most certain" about something that empirical data refutes. Health care costs grew more slowly after the ACA than before it and, in particular, at no point subsequent to the passage of the ACA have health costs grown more than they did during the Bush era.

There are all sorts of things that should have (and perhaps even did) impact prices after the ACA. Not just coverage requirements (which, again: most employer-provided health plans --- which is what we're talking about here --- already complied with), but, more importantly: unprecedented instability in the insurance markets during the almost decade-long concerted effort by the GOP to hamstring and ultimately repeal the bill. And yet, the numbers are right there: health care costs are growing, but they are not growing more than they were prior to the ACA.
It's cringy because it's unprofessional and amateurish. Not to mention that you only have a certain amount of control over your content and hence your SEO.

For example, how would you like it if "beyoncescock" or "dildoreo" (both real usernames, by the way) were to reblog your serious announcement from your serious company? Now those usernames are associated with your company's name when you search for it on the web.
Previously https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=18782902
My reading may be off but it sounds like the investor may have made the first payment of many. If so, might not be so cut and dry.
>"Mainframe designers had this problem under control by 1970. Mainframes had, and have, "channels". A channel is part of the processor architecture."

What are some examples of these processors?

I would be interested in reading more about these mainframe processors architecture. Might you or anyone else have some links?
> A weak type system is one which does its best to let you do whatever you want.

... or plain doesn't care?
You can always count on America to do the right thing after having exhausted all other options.
The penalty has been more or less hamstrung by the GOP, so if that's your only consideration, then, yes, you're better off not paying for health insurance.

Additionally: you can (you shouldn't have to, but you can) shop around for cheaper medical imaging. Imaging in particular has wildly varying prices, and if you stay on the "happy path" your PCP and hospital puts you on, you're going to pay the higher end of the range of prices.

You are not, as a general matter of life advice, better off going without health insurance. Rather, find the least expensive HSA-qualified HDHP, fund the HSA with the savings, and pay for routine care (effectively) out-of-pocket. The point of insurance isn't to make your annual checkup cheaper, but rather to avoid going bankrupt if you get hit by a car or your appendix bursts.

From the way you write, your appendix presumably hasn't burst yet. That's great! Neither has mine! My house has also not caught fire† and I have not managed to crash my car into a fully occupied city bus. But I am insured against both of those things, too.

† since we bought it, i mean
you're correct, it's just my experience with this is that certain libraries expected the url format we couldn't accept to be working, and didn't provide an alternative. So having more flexibility in the api can work against you at times is all.
IMO the even bigger problem is that this literally breaks HTTPS.

AWS S3 will only provide SSL validation if your bucket name happens to not contain "."

Which is a practice encouraged by AWS. [1]

So anyone that has www.example.com as the bucket name can no longer use HTTPS.

[1] https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/dev/website-host...
What is the relevance of JFIF in this? That's the file format, JPEG is the compression scheme. Yet we refer to JPEG files not JFIF. How did it happen we care more, or give more credit to the compression part?
This wasn't a case of not having a valid ticket. This was a case of turnstile jumping. There is a big difference in intent there.
I don't think GP is saying we shouldn't enforce laws that don't make sense economically. Rather, if all it takes to follow the law is pay $2.75, and people break it over 200,000 times per day, maybe it's time to reevaluate whether the law and consequences are effective?
Amundsen is a metadata driven application for improving the productivity of data analysts, data scientists and engineers when interacting with data. It does that today by indexing data resources (tables, dashboards, streams, etc.) and powering a page-rank style search based on usage patterns (e.g. highly queried tables show up earlier than less queried tables). Think of it as Google search for data. The project is named after Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen, the first person to discover South Pole.

It includes three microservices and a data ingestion library.

amundsenfrontendlibrary: Frontend service which is a Flask application with a React frontend.
amundsensearchlibrary: Search service, which leverages Elasticsearch for search capabilities, is used to power frontend metadata searching.
amundsenmetadatalibrary: Metadata service, which leverages Neo4j or Apache Atlas as the persistent layer, to provide various metadata.
amundsendatabuilder: Data ingestion library for building metadata graph and search index. Users could either load the data with a python script with the library or with an Airflow DAG importing the library.
I wonder how many of Hacker News' current users were around in pre-2012. This sort of post could be "new to them"-- they may never have thought to search for the topic, and the repost could bring new perspectives.
I have gone through something like that before. My first big corporate employer did not claim ownership but they slapped a patent on my first big personal project. Potential for sub licensing was more important than the work itself.

My solution to the concerns of ownership and distribution is to ensure a personal project is publicly disclosed, copyright is released, and the project is known to the employer before agreement of employment. It is typically not in a company’s interest to claim ownership of such projects where there is a maintenance liability and the potential for revenue and protection are unclear.
You're a much better popular science writer than the author of the original article. Thank you.
You bring up some really good points!

There are definitely some failings in static type systems that can cause programmers to struggle, regardless of how well they understand their domain of values.

I guess I was thinking more of people I've talked to who advocate for dynamic type systems for rapid prototyping, because they don't want to be bothered to stop and think about their types first — they kind of just go with an approximate view of their data held in their head. I think this style of programming leads to a lack of understanding of the domain of values down the road, which is more what I meant to address. But I did not sufficiently explain this in my previous comment haha.
Nice! I thought xi was the only editor that used ropes.
That's because it's not programming. ML describes a strategy using machines to derive information from data. You use programming languages to tell machines how to execute on that strategy.
In what way? It seems interesting to me.
NewsBlur: https://newsblur.com/
What's wrong with "BeautifulSoup"? Is it a euphemism for another term with the initials "BS"?
Wait what? Weren’t you trying to tell me the other day that the French aren’t poor?
NYC.gov says 14,000 summons ($100 fine) in Q4.

Who knows what percentage of those are paid.

But relative to the size of the problem that’s a pittance.
IO faster then CPU puts CS best practice and intuition upside down.
Indeed anyone who has started a potentially global business quickly learns to avoid European markets for as long as possible.

Paying for lawyers, exploring utilizing local business networks to avoid headaches, and countless special edge cases is a great deterannce from offering services/products there... Let alone building actual companies and teams from there.
This is based on using a http proxy, it's just the proxy whitelists the domains to connect towards. As for a proxy that can mitm tls connections, I'm not a big fan of this approach, as you ned to add a cert into the trust store of all the machines, which if compromised tends to be a bad day across the board.
I like this idea but think it has some practical problems. The money needs to come from somewhere. Normally I'd say just move it to some other form of existing taxation like income tax or property taxes. However, a reasonably large portion of regular subway users are people that live in New Jersey but commute to work in New York. You'd probably need to figure out a way to get money from these people as well. Potentially this could be done with some added fees on Ferries and other transit options between New Jersey and New York but it would require some thought and planning.
I guess if you wanna claim that, but it's a shit format that causes way more pain than convenience for most people. Just today I had to upload sensitive docs to a server to edit it because I can't locally and refuse to pay to do so. Fuck pdf.
Maybe? I think that phrasing is lacking in some clarity. Does Python care? Most people would say "no", but Python is strongly typed because you simply cannot use values with the wrong attributes. (The nominal types don't matter in Python, generally, but the structural types do.)
>"If memory speed is 100ns then you would notice the memory bottleneck around the time when your processor speed is 10Mhz."

Sorry I'm not following the math there, whats the relation between 100ns and 10Mhz? Why is that the tipping point?
Bored and lonely? I blame my military deployment.
That's true, but not unique to PDF. Any longer document is "basically unreadable on smaller screens".
> It's not like we pay the police $2,000 for each arrest

Not in a direct sense - but civil asset forfeiture and arrest/citation quotas do incentivize individual officers to take actions that benefit their department's budget and their annual review, respectively.

> It's not like we [...] pay the prison $500/night per inmate

In the case of private prisons (which house 8% of the US prison population[0]), a per-prisoner stipend is the most popular[1] business model.

The government quite literally pays the prison company a fixed dollar amount per inmate-night, which the company then turns a profit on.

[0]: https://reason.org/wp-content/uploads/files/comparing_correc...

[1]: https://www.investopedia.com/articles/investing/062215/busin...
It does have indexing, which I frequently use.

If your pdf book does not have it, there's some readers who can add it. e.g. https://helpx.adobe.com/acrobat/using/creating-pdf-indexes.h...
> I give the following general definitions for strong and weak typing, at least when used as absolutes:

> Strong typing: A type system that I like and feel comfortable with

> Weak typing: A type system that worries me, or makes me feel uncomfortable

What is he talking about? Is he trying to make a point? I always understood the difference to be mostly about implicit type conversions. I think weak-typing is also likeable.
So, presuming the punishment for not paying the jail bill is more jail: if you can't make at least $182,500 per year, you should just stay in jail forever?
People in the replies are missing my point. It's not that Tumblr's content is porn or that Tumblr is associated with porn _right now_. It's that Tumblr will absolutely be associated with porn if a porn company buys it. And these various companies will abandon ship in order to avoid association with a porn company.
I've known scientists (in the hard sciences) who were evangelical Christians, Baptists, strict Jews, and so forth. They were certainly more than just vaguely "spiritual". Two of them even tried to convert me (I am roughly agnostic).

I wouldn't venture to guess as to whether they are less common than in the general population (although it wouldn't surprise me), but they certainly exist in enough numbers for me to have met multiples of them. In fairness, though, I have met and worked with quite a few scientists over the years, so I consider it unsurprising to have met religious ones.
At first glance this appears to be a thinly veiled misogynist support group?
Could you please explain the difference in intent? Sounds to me like its someone trying to ride for free in both cases.
I’d rather have police walk on eggshells than abusing their power.
The Heritage foundation sure knows how to frame things! Overall the military budget has increased steeply since the 90s

https://commons.m.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Defense_spending.p...
Especially as they'll make the code public if you don't pay, so even if you don't have it locally there seems a free way to get it back?
They did a very interesting podcast on this tool describing it in more detail: https://softwareengineeringdaily.com/2019/04/16/lyft-data-di...
Reduce complexity for future customers
True, but if the investor stopped fulfilling their side of contract, they cannot enforce anything beyond what was spelled out for the first payment. And a SAFE is, to my understanding, rights given to the investor for future funding rounds. So if there was no additional consideration needed to get that first payment... it really might be that cut and dry.

But again, it depends on what the contract actually says, so... they should still ask a lawyer.

Keep in mind that contracts, in general, aren't enforceable on their own to begin with. They are documentation of agreements that could be used to help decide conflicts in civil court, to get a court order that is enforceable. And they therefore often end up being leverage so conflicts don't go that far. So the only way OP has to fret over this is if they expect the investor may some day sue them for the investment rights, even after they stopped giving them investments.
I'm having trouble parsing what your argument here is. Are you saying that rates on the individual market are more expensive than the large group market is? Yes, that's true, and always has been (the small group market is effectively a facsimile of the individual market, for the obvious reason that there's not much actuarial benefit to pooling 10-20 random people).

There also isn't one "employer offered" system. In addition to the aformentioned small-group marketplace, there are also large group plans that cover big companies, and very big companies often self-insure, using health insurance companies solely to administer benefits but financing the care themselves. Can you be specific about which of these kinds of health care financing have been impacted by the ACA, and how?
Everything is a tradeoff.
Only partially. If you fund your HSA outside of your company's payroll system you can deduct your contribution amount from your MAGI for income tax purposes, but you still have to pay FICA taxes (social security and medicare) on that income.

If you have your HSA contributions made through your company's payroll department, then you don't have to pay FICA taxes on it.
How Exercise Affects Our Memory
The numbers here are quite helpful. The parentheticals are harder to understand and, for that matter, so is "higher healthcare costs due to war" (we have a nationalized health care system for war veterans).
Everyone's getting hung up on the 22k, but 60 days in jail for jumping a turnstile is insane at any price.
Any output device is an output device. A VGA interface. An HDMI interface. A Scroll lock keyboard light. A hard drive interface. A speaker. All you need to do is send the signal down one wire and you could tap into that wire and copy all the data to another system.

Copying files from one folder into another could do the job.
He's not spamming, he made it himself, and I could really see it helping people.
That’s actually Glen Weyl’s original idea behind quadratic voting — I think the intermediate token they are proposing now is to make the reform more palatable. In their book, they propose several solutions to taxation that would help with wealth inequality, and then propose to do quadratic voting with money, rather than an intermediate token.
> What good does a nice car do if you worry about bills and if you try to avoid to look at the balance in your banking app?

You have a nice car you can drive around?

I mean, the purpose of money is to do things with it. The balance in your banking app is only relevant because you desire to put it to some purpose. If you stop desiring to put it to some purpose, you're equally equipped whether or not you have a positive balance, and if you already have put it to some purpose like a nice car, you've accomplished the actual goal you wanted and should stop getting distracted by the means. (You should, of course, continue to pay attention to the means if you have other, unfulfilled goals. And perhaps you should think about whether having a nice car is more of a priority than those goals. But the goals are not money in and of itself.)

If you've got debts from student loans or mortgages that are set up such that you can pay those debts slowly and in a way you can afford to pay, and in the meantime you've got money to spend, you are actually fine. A balance sheet that only looks at how much is in the bank and how much you're in debt and not at how much you can afford to hold that debt is not telling the full story.

(This is, incidentally, the same reason the national debt isn't a big concern: nobody is going to demand that we pay that debt right now. So going further into debt gives the ability to do more things with that money, i.e., it gives us the effect of having more money, even though on paper we now have less money.)
For sure, the first point is pretty critical to ensure market viability of a single payer system. The potential reductions in administrative overhead absorbs some of the expected reductions in reimbursement amounts that'd come with a single payer system.

But even if you can make it work out from an economics standpoint, it can ultimately fail from a political standpoint if people feel like it's a failure. And there are a lot of entrenched interests that would benefit from a failed single payer experiment. My other points were geared towards that component. Letting the multi-payer environment die out organically leaves a grey area with potential consumer confusion and frustration during the transition period, and also leaves the infrastructure in place to easily roll back the single payer plan if you adequately exploit that frustration. Forcefully cutting over to a single payer system allows a clean break so both the consumer and provider side of the market has the opportunity to validate if the claims in the single vs. multi payer debate can be realized, without creating a giant attack surface for political and market shenanigans that could kill it before it really got going. It also raises the level of effort required to roll back the single payer system, since the infrastructure and and staffing to support it is reduced more rapidly than if taking a "let them die on their own" stance.
US tech companies routinely aid the government in systematic ethnic cleansing [1]?

Also last time I remember there being a showdown on privacy between Apple and the FBI, Apple refused their request to side-load software that would allow them to crack a terrorists phone. I can't imagine Huawei being able to refuse such a request from the Communist party.

[1] https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/global-opinions/ethn...
Not in the least. Just to name a few of the ways the ACA changed things in the right direction for most "normal" ESI:

- ACA threw out lifetime nor annual limits [0]

- Essential benefits ensuring you have a more comprehensive plan that covers actual health insurance [1]

- Ability to stay on a parent's insurance until you're 26 [2]

- For every $1.00 your insurance company takes in from premiums, $0.80 has to be spent on patient care [3]

- There's a max of a 3:1 ratio of age rating for health insurance premiums, irrespective of your health. It used to be that insurance companies would raise your premium or even cancel your policy if you got a costly disease like cancer [4].

The problem with your secular analysis is that there is not positive control for the "what if?" without these sort of policies. Most healthcare economists suspect it would have been even worse without the (somewhat modest) regulations that were imposed by the ACA. Again, this is high level policy analysis that requires dedicated study, and there's lots of evidence that the market has highly benefited consumers across most socioeconomic strata.

[0]. https://www.hhs.gov/healthcare/about-the-aca/benefit-limits/...

[1]. https://www.healthcare.gov/glossary/essential-health-benefit...

[2]. https://www.healthcare.gov/young-adults/children-under-26/

[3]. https://www.healthcare.gov/glossary/medical-loss-ratio-mlr/

[4]. http://us.milliman.com/uploadedFiles/insight/2017/MillimanAC...
former anarcho crust punks rise up o7
I had to negotiate an emergency CAT scan for my daughter about 8 years ago, and they ultimately had to make up a price on the spot for me ($1000).

Lack of price transparency is an enormous problem with our current system. Of course, it's a problem on the provider side of the system, not the payer side, which is where everyone spends all their attention.
Show HN: Internationalization for Software Developers
Radical markets is fantastic. In light of some comments on this thread, I feel they did not explore enough the potential downsides of the mechanisms they proposed. Nevertheless, I still love the book..
Yeah, gotta nip that counterculture in the bud.
4:30 PM PST - hug of death?
I think he's trying to say that "strong-typing", in practice, as used by some speakers implies a static type system. And when used by other speakers does not imply a static type system.