skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
I work with embedded software. About a decade ago, when we switched to a new target processor with a JTAG interface (in-circuit debugging), my boss decided to buy an in-circuit debugger to help development. The target was an high-end (at the time) SoC, so it could run uClinux and we could also have GDB too.

I tried hard to use the hardware debugger because it was rather expensive (this is I think a case of sunken costs fallacy). Problem is, our system is soft real time; stepping in the main program causes the other things connected to the system notice that the main program does not respond, and act upon this.

The hardware debugger was quite capable so we had watchpoints and scripting to avoid this problem, but you had to invest considerable amounts of time to learn to program all that correctly. Amusingly, this was another occasion to make more bugs. Now you need a debugger to debug your debugger scripts...

Moreover, the "interesting" bugs were typically those who happened very rarely (that is, on a scale of days) - bugs typically caused by subtly broken interrupt handlers; to solve that kind of bug in a decent time frame with you would need to run dozens of targets under debuggers to test various hypothesis or to collect data about the bug faster. That's not even possible sometimes.

I also happen to have developed as a hobby various interpreters. The majority were bytecode interpreters. There again debuggers were not that useful, because a generic debugger cannot really decode your bytecode. Typically you do it by hand, or if you are having real troubles, you write a "disassembler" for your bytecode and whatever debugger-like feature you need. Fortunately, the interpreters I was building all had REPLs, which naturally helps a lot with debugging.

So I'm kind of trained not to use debuggers. I learned to observe carefully the system instead, to apply logic to come up with possible causes, and to use print statements (or when it's not even possible, just LEDs) to test hypothesis.

One should keep in mind that debuggers are the last line of defense, just like unit tests that will never prove the absence of bugs. So you'd rather do whatever it takes not to have to use a debugger.

My current point of view is that the best "debugger" is a debugger built inside the program. It provides more accurate features than a generic debugger and because it is built with functions of the program, it helps with testing it too. That's a bit more work but when you do that functionality, debugging and testing support each other.
Could any hardcore Anki users here share their strategies for converting learning material into cards?

Whenever I try to use Anki, I find it hard to convert knowledge into discrete cards, especially around code.
wow! I just had a blast putting titles into that. the results are amazing. kudos!
Eastdakotas replies here and in previous threads indicate that his team have more oversight into his own wants and desires. He also writes more about being consistent in actions than they had when he did this action. I think that's a positive way forward. But the person at the top will be the weakest link. If I was a nation state that's where I would be applying the force not at the company level. Maybe he also realised this?
CPython is mostly reference-counted.
America’s Student-Debt Crisis Was Born in the 1600s
What No One Is Reporting About Caster Semenya: She Has XY Chromosomes
The older you become, the more you've forgotten. It is only natural to forget things, especially as they tend to be less or not relevant anymore.

I also sometimes feel old, but I can ensure both of us: we're only old when we stop learning.

Anki on a mobile phone (with only that as application) is one of the applications I envy current youth about. I really wish I had this back when I went to school, during the commute and breaks. That being said, we did use spaced repetition to learn words.
Not of this particular presentation. But there are quite a few other videos talking about openwrt on the website (you'll find them under previous summits menu)

http://openwrtsummit.org/
> We use Heroku Postgres for our database and we get point-in-time restore for free, without doing anything

For the record, you get this with Azure too. Not sure about AWS and GCP, but I would have assumed the same.
That's an incredible story. Scientists will pay you to study you. Please take up that offer for the rest of us.
Use one of the solutions listed below, but you HAVE to do sorting on the fly. You need to have places to put books and sort them by some general genres and you HAVE to throw out books that aren't worth the time due to damage or any other reason a book would be deemed a recyclable. With that many books, a proper library style cataloging system may be your best bet.

That being said, if you do want to do image comparison for covers, books without covers usually have a copyright page with most of the info on it. Use that to determine what a book is when the other method fails. Throwing together some cheap bookshelves with plywood and 2x4's will greatly help with the finding part, but while scanning use some big bins to do a rough sort.

And I can't stress enough you HAVE to throw out books. It's clear that there's a space issue and if he's willing to get them for free but has a hard time getting rid of them, that's hoarder behavior, not just eccentricity.
The very article we are discussing talks about a man getting an antibiotic resistant infection in Egypt, then being flown to Germany and eventually the US with the infection still unresolved. It terms it "Iraqibacter" and gives a brief origin of this class of microbes as starting in the Middle East and being exported to Europe and America.

So if that line you quoted is getting me downvotes, then everyone downvoting me has failed basic reading comprehension.

I have read other things that state more directly that we breed antibiotic resistant infections in less developed countries, no reading between the lines required.

But I have also read up on research into stunting. It has pertinent findings about lack of sanitation fostering low grade chronic infections that basically cause failure to thrive that isn't readily resolvable because the problem isn't rooted in the individual. It is rooted in the lack of sanitation of a larger area.

Sources:

The right gut microbes help infants grow

http://www.sciencemag.org/news/2016/02/right-gut-microbes-he...

What causes stunting?

https://borgenproject.org/what-causes-stunting/

Beyond Malnutrition: The Role of Sanitation in Stunted Growth

https://ehp.niehs.nih.gov/doi/10.1289/ehp.122-A298

Pertinent quotes from that last article:

In countries such as India, for instance, stunting occurs even among well-fed children, and that’s led investigators to consider other causes, especially poor sanitation and hygiene. Evidence shows that children who live without adequate sanitation, hygiene, and clean drinking water don’t grow as well as children who do.

In somewhat newer thinking, researchers are exploring the possibility that poor hygiene and a lack of sanitation induce a gut disorder called environmental enteropathy (EE) that diverts energy from growth toward an ongoing fight against subclinical infection.
Well, it's transparent about their costs, but I would have liked a little transparency about how they actually make money
You reminded me of this scene from The Simpsons https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zlyzkw1we_g .
Ask HN: How did you know it was time to resign and move on?
Pretty good but it fell apart when it tries to argue that androgenization due to high T is the only relevant benefit heritability for success in sports. "I guarantee you that having small feet or short arms is not as much of a disadvantage as having no benefit from testosterone."

The claim that women would all vanish from sport is also false. Testosterone is a predictor for athletic success, but not a defining one. A few women would still compete but they would be fewer.

People have done qualitatively and quantitively studies on biological traits that correlates with success in sports, and depending on which sport it is you get different answers. Weight in some, height in others, blood values, and so on.

The article says "a person who is identical in every respect with the exception of testosterone (Athlete B) will be 10% to 12% slower than Athlete A.". The problem is that the same can be said with red blood cells. A person who is identical in every respect with the exception of lower count of red blood cells (Athlete B) will be 10% to 12% slower than Athlete A. The exact same discussion of naturally high T values exist in skiing but on the topic of naturally high Hb.
Wow, how are you physically? Any downsides directly related to the minimal sleep?
No, in the US. It's a crappy small cage, maybe 20' square.
Having just been the victim of the Intel I219 on linux, and a heavy user of OpenWRT, my initial response when I saw the logo was pure horror.

For those that don't know – as I didn't – the hardware behind Intel's more recent ethernet chipsets seem only to be tested and supported on the most basic of networking configurations. As soon as you add something like a macvlan, it is apparently normal to expect problems like dropped packets and module unloading every few GB. One of the solutions seems to be to disable offloading [0], but for me that just bought me an order of magnitude more time before the hang.

However, this does look like good work – and I have to celebrate the contribution from the devs on this one. There are huge gains to be had by network offloading – and perhaps in time Intel's hardware division will iron out the problems with their chipsets.

[0] https://sourceforge.net/p/e1000/bugs/571/
The term “blue blood” came to be associated with the aristocracy simply because it was not uncommon in earlier times for European nobility to have skin that appeared to have a blue cast. The bluish (or sometimes greenish) discoloration of their skin was often caused by a condition known as Argyria.

Argyria it the result of ingested silver particles that are not able to pass through the body. Historically, this was caused by particles from silver eating utensils being swallowed along with food or silver being taken for medicinal purposes. Aristocrats were originally the ones who could afford medicine and who enjoyed the daily privilege of eating off of silver plates, drinking from silver vessels, and, as the saying goes, being born with “a silver spoon in their mouth.” Thus, Argyria was a condition that was more common among the upper class.

http://www.sensationalcolor.com/color-meaning/color-words-ph...
It works well for tight loops processing much data, or heavy object-orientation (multiple levels of class hierarchies). It probably won't work well for regular Django webapps or scripts. Also, real-world Python numerical/AI code uses numpy/ML libs so there's not much to optimize in Python...
Wha?! Louis CK took time out of his day to pause from masterbating to talk comedy? (Why he still has a career is beyond me. He’s in the median of funny comics imo)
And Erlang/OTP's BEAM.
And Haskell's Beam.
And probably a couple of other things called Beam…
"Requests uses certificates from the package certifi. This allows for users to update their trusted certificates without changing the version of Requests.

Before version 2.16, Requests bundled a set of root CAs that it trusted, sourced from the Mozilla trust store. The certificates were only updated once for each Requests version. When certifi was not installed, this led to extremely out-of-date certificate bundles when using significantly older versions of Requests.

For the sake of security we recommend upgrading certifi frequently!"

It isn't completely clear but it sounds like they (used to) copy the Mozilla Trust Store wholesale, which isn't a particularly controversial policy. They might be one of the more open stores.
Microdosing implies being consistent. Most people have trouble with doing anything consistently because they consciously choose to do so.

For me drugs have been quite helpful. They have taught me about:

1) Some extreme emotional states.

2) Some extreme cognitive states.

3) They serve as a benchmark in emotional intensity when I encounter extreme experiences that are not facilitated by drugs (e.g. falling in love, exercising a lot or meditating very deeply).

4) They teach me a thing or two about my YouTube/gaming addiction or any addiction really.

5) If you're not careful they do mess up your mind, but our alcoholic culture is contributing to that for at least 50% in my experience. In all fairness, alcohol is drugs, anyone who disagrees is playing a dangerous game of definitions and of health.

6) The effect that believe and interpretation has on our actions. Sometimes one can think extreme things, and if you follow through on those thoughts, then your actions become extreme as well. This is why one needs a tripsitter.

But I didn't learn these things through microdosing. I learned them by doing it occassionally, once per half a year would be a lot. I do have the fortune of being in one of the best places in the world for it (The Netherlands) and having the ability to get things tested beforehand (this is something our government is doing right).

My point with this story is: while a part of my family has been going to total shit because of drugs (I am surprised they are alive, though friends of my family aren't -- alcohol poisoning), for me, they have been a very useful tool. Starting experimentation 15 years later than your average family member definitely helps.

I feel that drug experimentation done well is like bouldering. Yes, you fall, but it's on a soft cushion. Drug experimentation not done well is like, real life rock climbing without a carabiner. It's like bouldering, but a lot higher and no safety cushion.
> I've been looking over their website - it seems like it is just audio lessons and no tutor is provided? If that is correct, how would someone learn to correctly pronounce words in say Mandarin using this?

Audio lessons vary widely in how they're designed. In the context of Pimsleur, it's an interactive back-and-forth.

Tape: "Tell her your flight is tomorrow."

[30 second pause. I say "你的航班是明天。"]

Tape: "你的航班是明天。"

[30 second pause. I correct "你的航班是明天," based on the feedback]

Tape: "你的航班是明天。"

[30 second pause. I repeat again]

And then the tape goes on.

That is feedback. It's prescriped, but it's incredibly effective. After I say something, I hear it pronounced back at me by a native speaker. That's 90% of the feedback a tutor or teacher would give you, only it's there for everything you say.

I found my pronunciation after a couple of months of Pimsleur to be dramatically better than people who've been in classes for a year or two. Indeed, when I tried stepping into a class, I left, since my pronunciation got worse.

That, combined with spaced repetition (which Pimsleur uses), combined with a half-dozen other research-based techniques, makes it ultra-effective.
What bothers me is the fact that everyone seems to be accepting the usage of these newspeakish romantically sounding euphemisms that are completely opaque about the purpose of things they stand for. "Normandy"... What is this - a place, a sort of champagne, a hotel or the internal name of some freaking area51 document?..

Like, "In order to disable Normandy, uncheck Vaduz, Monterrey, Vologda and select Newcastle in the Xinjang drop-down menu - we'll ship Bronx with next update".

P.S. Keep flagging, I'll repost, no problem.
And the Erlang virtual machine named beam.
How to significantly improve the quality of your code crafting skills
OneFile and wait-free balanced trees
This is good advice. Learning something of a higher level of abstraction (e.g. React) without knowing how JS works sounds bad in theory, but it appears OP knows enough JS that it'd be better to just dive into React.

A pure, fundamentalist "bottom-up" approach will make you drown in boredom really fast, because you'll be learning very specific syntax details and language gotchas that you don't even know what they're useful for. But when you've been coding in React for a while, and you've had quite a few problems with the "this" expression, then going back to really understand how "this" works will be much more enlightening.

So my recommendation would also be this: Dive into React, or whatever is your end goal, and create stuff. Once you get stuck or feel like your knowledge of JS is inappropriate or you're falling for the same language gotchas without really understanding them, then read "You Don't Know JS".
One can't be a Scotsman if one's ancestors don't come from Scotland.

There are things that are true because they fit the proper description and there are people who use "No True Scotsman" because they don't want to learn the truth.
> Could any hardcore Anki users here share their strategies for converting learning material into cards?

Anki uses a Sqlite database. If you have practice exams, you can scrape these (for example with Python + beautifulsoup) and put the results in a Sqlite database which you can then load (and export if you wish). The legality of this practice is your own responsibility.

> Whenever I try to use Anki, I find it hard to convert knowledge into discrete cards, especially around code.

With regards to code I suppose on-hands practice is the best way to learn that. The difficulty of making your own flashcards is well known, and the article addresses it. I'd like to add that the time you spend on making good flashcards isn't time wasted. You're learning the material while you make your own deck! You also ensure you understand the material. That being said, I do share my decks.
Very many charities are incorporated as limited companies. It's simply a convenient structure. They are incorporated by guarantee meaning they don't have shares.
Someone is going to invent this model sooner or later, simply because it is possible. There is not much sense in trying to stop it. We just have to adapt.
At a local LP shop, they had a sign saying "If you misshelve a LP, you might as well steal it, at least someone will listen to it" (approximate translation).

Shelving in instead central to many specialty shops!
I tried adding it but I get the error message "This bot is private. Only the bot owner can add it."
Yes, both silver and copper are antimicrobial. As far as I know, silver has zero nutritional value. Copper is a micronutrient useful to humans.

If you want antimicrobial metal kitchenware, copper makes more sense than silver, though it should still not be overused.

Additionally, copper surfaces in hospitals have a proven track record of helping to kill infection and reduce the transmission of hospital acquired infections.

If you can afford it (as it isn't cheap) and want to Prep for a post antibiotic world, copper fixtures of various sorts in your home would not be a bad idea.

https://www.the-hospitalist.org/hospitalist/article/125654/p...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4561453/
Saving a Million People from a Cyclone
The molecular mechanism that determines left-right asymmetry in the body is extremely interesting. For mice, it comes down to Nodal flow from ciliary movement that occurs around E8. The cilia rotate clockwise to generate leftward flow to establish a gradient to generate left-right asymmetry.
Given the cryptocurrency involvement, I'd guess some sort of fraud? Probably simply "take money from investors for as long as possible", which doesn't even require a cryptocurrency.
Because our Creator is the ultimate loner, utterly peerless, absolutely Unfathomable. We alone can choose to contemplate It and Its incredible Majesty, and we, as creatures, can only grasp tiny aspects of its Being.

It would prefer that we choose to live humanely, deciding to rise above our animal potential to create happiness for others, so that more of us have the peace and time to contemplate this beautiful creation.
We don’t have a singe payer healthcare here, there are many insurance companies.

Obligatory insurance destroys competition (and insurance companies are lobbying hard to support it), because obligatory customer is a perfect customer — you can be as bad as you wish to them, and they still won’t leave you. With multi-payer insurance, they can still leave to other company (but it still enables bad behavior in the insurance industry in general). With single-payer, no such luck, you are at the complete mercy of the single-paying entity.
Using computer vision may provide a good enough result for this use case. An interesting approach would be to segment the book piles and bulk scan the spines. There are projects that already tackled this problem:

https://www.cs.bgu.ac.il/~ben-shahar/Teaching/Computational-...

Won't be as accurate as barcode scanning, but will be definitely less time consuming.
If it stops people eating lunch at their desk, I'm all for it. I've started timing my lunches to coincide with some people near me so I don't have to experience them eating lunch at their desks.
I once was in a situation like this: Tons of weird rules, straight from the law, which made no sense at all.

Every day someone came along with a bug. After tracing through the code for half an hour, the program was generally proven correct. The business had forgotten some weird edge case of an edge case.

I always wanted to write a small gui program that would list for the business which rules had been applied, and what all intermediate data was.

BREs were to slow, btw, so everything was hardcoded.
"I’ve gotten several orders of magnitude more benefit from Kenneth and his work than my donation."

But he hasn't committed code to requests in years, and I don't see any of the other maintainers popping up to say he's doing good work as a maintainer(which could be non-code contributions). It seems like his contribution is mostly marketing at this point.
This post by Micheal Nielsen explores his strategies to convert stuff into Anki in detail.

http://augmentingcognition.com/ltm.html

Also this on math into Anki.

http://cognitivemedium.com/srs-mathematics
Not related with car headlights, but related to temperature:

3 days ago I learned prefer blue light in some of the rooms in house. Apparently yellow is sheepish, blue is good for reading. My theory was: southerners prefer blue, people with little sun exposure - yellow.

Have you noticed anything similar before?
That bug is from 2017 on an older driver. Have you tried the same thing with igb on a recent kernel?

$ ethtool -i enp0s20f1
driver: igb
version: 5.4.0-k
firmware-version: 0.0.0
expansion-rom-version:
bus-info: 0000:00:14.1
supports-statistics: yes
supports-test: yes
supports-eeprom-access: yes
supports-register-dump: yes
supports-priv-flags: yes
tl;dr: it's right in the title: "she" turned out to be a "he".

who_would_have_thought.jpg
I fear that your perpetual motion machine would be promptly weaponized. I'm not sure what that would look like, but this seems to be human nature...
Agreed. Additionally Greece, Italy, France, Spain suggest a port located near(er) the Suez canal isn't a threat to Dutch ports.
Oracle seems hell-bent on undoing the openness around Java that SUN was allowing. What I'm reading between the lines of this report from the Oracle-Eclipse negotiations is that Oracle wants to roll back the world to a "thou shall not have a JVM besides mine" state with a hefty price tag on commercial usage of their VM.