A little late on this, but...

> Am I also the only one who’s very skeptical of AI? I see no correlation between what we call “biological thinking” and computation.

I think you're confusing several things together here, possibly (partly?) because:

> Even though I don’t know much of the theory behind AI,

I'll try to give you (to the best of my understanding, which may be faulty, so be aware of that) a "10000 foot understanding" - and hopefully (not likely) I won't drone on and bore you to death.

So we have here three things: Something we call "AI", something called "biological thinking" (I'm not exactly sure what you mean by this - but I'll assume for now you mean the process of "though" humans do with their brains), and "computation".

Of the three, computation is probably the simplest to define: It's what happens when a program - a set of rules - is run and followed. Usually there is some "input" or data that flows into these sets of rules, and at the end of the running of the program or process, there is an output. It is possible that the program may not "halt" (ie, stop); it may loop forever, and output something forever. Or it might hit a condition that does cause it to stop. Regardless, that set of rules being run (whether those rules are those of law, those of mathematics, a recipe to bake a cake, etc) is what causes computation.

I won't go into it deeply, but what Wolfram believes (whether he is right or not is for others to decide) is that there are simple programs - or sets of rules - throughout nature, and that these programs are executed due to natural processes, and that from these programs running, and thus performing computation, their output is what we see in our world. Furthermore, according to Wolfram, the computation being done is equivalent throughout nature; whether it is done on the substrate of silicon (ie, a computer), or the substrate of physics in a stream computing eddies and whirlpools...

Ok - enough of that; let's move on. Biological Thinking...

As I noted, I think you are simply referring to the process that humans (and perhaps other creatures) using their brains to take in information via their senses, do some "processing" on it, and then output something (perhaps speech, or moving around, etc). Or maybe output nothing at all; just "thinking" or "ruminating" about something.

Do we understand how this works? No. We are studying it, and making fits and starts of progress, but it's been very slow going. We don't know how to define certain things, or even if they are definable, or if they are simply fictions of the brain; some things are - for instance, there have been studies that show that you make a decision to do something before you are consciously aware of making the decision to do something, and your brain makes up a story after the fact to explain it. There are many, many other weird things like this that our brains do. We don't know why. We also don't know how they play into or alter our perception of "free will" - of if that is even a real thing.

One thing we do know - to a certain level - is how brains actually "work". I won't go into details - but yes, neurons, action potentials, spiking, etc. We think that certain other chemical things may be at play, among other theories and ideas - we not completely sure it's all "electrical" (and actually at the synapse level, it's chemical - well, ion exchange and such - which is kinda electrical, but kinda not, too). But we know electricity plays a large role in how our brains work, how neurons work, and how they communicate with each other.

We also know they work together in networks, seemingly jumbled and disorganized at the cellular level, but not completely, and less so at higher levels.

So in short, we believe that "biological thinking" occurs due to networks of neurons communicating using mostly electrical activity, coupled with various chemical and other activity.

It would be akin to looking at a factory and only being able to understand how the individual parts of each machine work together, and maybe certain subsystems of those machines, but still have no understanding of how the factory produces what it does, but believing it had to be in a large part because of those individual parts working together.

Forests and trees, as you can certainly tell...

...part 2 follows...