skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
It feels like we always get a bunch of "low code"/"no code" solutions right when one computing paradigm is nearing maturity and the next computing paradigm is just getting started. Ironically, we get them on both sides - the mature technology gets commoditized by tools for business planners, while the new technology is still toy-like enough that you can do interesting stuff without hardcore CS knowledge.

The end of the minicomputer era (1981-1986) gave us rules engines and expert systems for minicomputers, and spreadsheets for PCs. The end of the PC era (1995-2000) gave us Visual Basic and Delphi for GUIs and HTML, Flash, and "View Source" for the web. The end of Web 2.0 (2007-2009) gave us website builders and Flash game builders for the web and Interface Builder for the iPhone. We're reaching the end of the web/mobile/cloud era, seeing a lot of those domains being commoditized, and yet blockchains still feature mobile GUI wallets and cut & paste token contracts.

In between transitions, when the next computing paradigm is growing fast, you actually need to know how to code. Performance gets pretty important when people actually start using your product, features need to be pumped out before the underlying platform is ready, and best practices aren't yet well-known.
Well, getting a good picture of how a student is doing is important for teaching them properly, so test that provides such a picture efficiently would be serve to clarify the actual needs of the students.

The problem is that tests tend to be subverted into tools for ranking the students, which doesn't serve their learning.
I don't disagree with anything you say here. tactile buttons with a quality screen isn't just safer, it's a better experience. I doubt people would miss the touchscreens for long.
Interesting, I see reports of latency of 60ms on average [1]. Starlink claims it will offer as low as 25ms [2]

Is 35ms a significant value proposition, considering 5G is on the horizon?

> As of March 2019, HughesNet's average download speed is 11.04 Mbps. Throughout their coverage area, the average latency on HughesNet Internet speed tests is 61.87ms. For context, wired terrestrial Internet connections usually output latency results in the 5–70ms range. [1]

[1] https://broadbandnow.com/HughesNet-speed-test

[2] https://www.zdnet.com/article/spacexs-starlink-takes-a-big-s...
It's very like a Fighter's 'Rage' ability from D&D. They must hurt things or receive damage or they lose the ability.
Starlink I think can consider heavily leveraging a multicast or hypercast protocol considering most bandwidth usage is related to video streams. Many downlinks can accept a broadcast level packet.

How does a system link Starlink handle channel and spectrum allocation?
Google eats everything
Getting the account is easy.

Getting approval to develop for the Switch is much harder.

You can buy Wii U and 3DS dev kits right away, though. And boy they are EXPENSIVE.
It is insane how little royalties we impose on the big resources companies. But at least Rio Tinto and BHP pay a decent amount of company tax.

It’s the offshore owned ones that pay almost no tax (Glencore, Chevron, British Gas, Exxon, Energy Australia, Peabody, Chevron, etc.).

Investigative journalist Michael West has a good rundown of the top 40 companies that manage to make huge amounts of income but manage to reduce their taxable income to crazily low levels to avoid paying tax - https://www.michaelwest.com.au/tax-dodgers/ - a lot of resource/energy companies there!
I believe the Government(s) of Australia have facilitated the thievery rather than preventing it.
Are hand-offs really all that complicated? Cell networks have to handle it.

I don't think you need to move the antenna, but you need a wide footprint and probably overlapping coverage between satellites.

How does Iridium work? I'd think this has already been done(quite a while back even).
Having to remove a dead person from a marketing database when requested to by their family is never an unreasonable burden, it is somewhat shameful that there is even a need to remind people of that. Following regulations requiring this should not require any extra effort because it is something you should already be doing.
Yeah. But judging by his profile, ibeckermayer explicitly wants to build insulin pumps and sell/distribute them without having to go through FDA approval. So for him it comes down to "I can't act on it in the way I want to", namely, distribution.

I'm with you in the camp that says that it's good that he cannot do that.
In this specific case it’s about margins. They sell the razors (and starter packs) at cost then make all the money selling high margin blades. Quantity of engineering isn’t relevant, they’ve got their production lines well and truly set up, now they just hit “run” and "overcharge" you. That’s why dollar shave club exists. Even Harry’s bought an existing maker of blades in Germany.

This is evidenced by the fact that safety razors sell in 100-packs for $15 on Amazon ($0.15 each) while a 15-pack of Mach 3 cartridges (the simplest/oldest variety AFAIK) sells on Amazon for $22 ($1.45 each). Unless you're suggesting that the "engineering" it took for them to sell you 1.5 safety razors in a piece of plastic is worth 10X the price of the blades alone, I'd posit that's where the margin is.
I mean, humans dug up radioactive substances that were buried much less accessibly, in the form of low-grade ores, and processed it into highly radioactive concentrations.
Latency's not going to be a problem. What is going to be a problem is what nobody is talking about: LEO satellites move. This means the downlink antenna has to have motors and move too, or it has to be a phased array and be expensive.
A test is merely a tool. In the hands of a skilled professional, it can help cast light on the needs of the students.

In actual practice, they tend to not be used that way.
Repressive regimes will ban importation and possession of the antennas, and will prevent citizens from paying for services. A few courageous dissidents will defy the bans but not enough to matter.
On a highway? Context is everything.
Congratulations!

One questions: Solving this puzzle has any impact on Verifiable Delay Functions security (specially Chia's VDF[1])?

[1] https://github.com/Chia-Network/vdf-competition

Thanks
The goal was to extract as much parallelism from a single squaring operation as possible using the available hardware resources. We used a Xilinx FPGA. There will be a paper detailing the exact algorithm in the coming weeks. In the interim, if you are interested in digging into code, you can find some of the primitives for the design here: https://github.com/supranational/primitives
Oneweb, telesat, ViaSat, o3b (mpower), and Boeing have all announced. A study from MIT showed telesat's to be the most cost effective from the LEO bunch [1], which is important since it's not clear SpaceX has a path to revenue [2]. and if you've been following starling closely, you know that they will not have anywhere near their full deployment for over 5 years after the first launches. the entire fleet is required for the capacity they have been touting, not to mention the coverage.

And the argument that SpaceX has some kind of moat because of their launch business is simply not true. there are many launch providers out there, and launch costs have gone way down partly due to SpaceX, but also because satellite orders have decreased significantly. SpaceX as a company, needs as much revenue as possible to fund the satellite venture, since their entire company is depending on it. The launch business is not sustainable in providing enough revenue in the future to keep them in business. so SpaceX will have to fight for business from all the other satellites just as much as any other company.

1)https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=http://...

2)http://tmfassociates.com/blog/2019/04/08/high-times/
Red Dead Redemption 2 revisited
this is one of my favorite things
You can create a captive portal on your home network that just lets you navigate to any website.

https://www.imore.com/how-use-hidden-web-browser-nintendo-sw...

Edit: Oh, the particular article I linked has you use a public, specially-crafted DNS server, instead of setting one up on your home network as I've done in the past. Oh well, same principle.

Plenty of captive portals do indeed require Javascript, which is why the Switch's web browser supports Javascript.
I once stopped the monorail at Disney. In case you’re wondering what happens if you try to force the doors open while it’s in motion. Don’t do that.
You do not need a high-end FPGA; you need a bunch of small antennas (potentially extremely cheap, as these kinds of antennas are often microstrip antennae etched into PCBs), and a bunch of microwave-rated components such as mixers, phase-shifters and capacitors. The phase shifters allow you to add up the signals in such a way as to form a coherent beam in a certain direction, this is known as beamforming [0], and with some admittedly complex precalculation, an electronically-steerable antenna array needs nothing more than a simple microcontroller to set the phase shifters for the desired array orientation. Of course you would want to adaptively steer it based on received signal, but this can be done without the need for fancy FPGAs; your receiver signal chain will include all the mixers, demodulators and signal processing elements needed already baked in silicon; similar to how a WiFi chipset does channel adaptation by analyzing the received signal without resorting to high-end hardware, the kind of system that SpaceX is building does not require particularly exotic hardware (although it would be custom, and expensive to develop).

Speaking of which, there's a neat project that sneaks into a particular Intel chipset and extracts the CSI (Channel State Information) from the wifi hardware so you can actually do things like estimate which frequencies are being attenuated [1]. It's out of date, but still shows the kind of live, complex, signal analysis that is possible with commodity-priced hardware.

In short, I think it is certain that a base station can be built for <$1000, and likely that it can be built for <$150, although without knowing the precise specifications, it's hard to say. We did a case study on this in my antennas course in grad school 3-4 years ago, and our ending numbers on our prototype designs (not fully built and tested, of course, but simulated and spec'ed out with real-world pricing) were around $150. I am certain that our design as it was would not work, but something similar to it likely would. ;)

[0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beamforming
[1] https://dhalperi.github.io/linux-80211n-csitool/
Lead-X
That's the innovation this is taking advantage of -- the downlink antenna will be tiny and can be embedded.

This is a new market, not entering into an existing market.
I'm at a company which we have hundreds of Jira users, and for us, it works quite well.

It's really about how the team/department uses Jira, how it's setup, and the overall process.

My last company we were ~30, and it was a total mess (although we were only ~3 developers). It's really about how it's setup.
Is this a consequence of Iridium having L-band capabilities, or is it something else in the design?
not a californian, so I can't speak to the laws there, but I don't see anything wrong with a quick tap on the horn to let the person know they missed the light change. in my view, this is communication, not mere venting. I would never give someone the full blast unless they were actively doing something unsafe.

that said, people expect to go when the light turns green. violating people's expectations as always at least a little dangerous on the road. they should know better, but they don't.
I don't think you're allowing for the the temerity of terrestrial services. They will conflate the poor performance of legacy satellite systems with this system. They will exaggerate the latency deficit over short paths and allow people to think this is the general case. They will do this to leverage the preexisting perception of poor satellite service performance that so obviously prevails.

Only a solid marketing campaign can deal with this problem.
Yeah, but Notch is a fucking nerdy douche, and he cashed in his chips and proceeded to display his gay little edgy fucking attitude.

It should come as no surprise that he completely lacks charisma and self-awareness, as do those who are attracted to his creation. What do you fucking want?
What a fun, accessible and well-presented paper. I'm not sure who Saunders MacLane is but their memory is served well.
As a matter of practicality using this data adversely against customers is unlikely.

1. This is literally almost everyone on the road (that should frighten you more than insurance companies having this data)

2. Insurance is a highly regulated industry. Each state has a department of insurance that regulates how insurers apply rate and underwriting.

3. There are many voluntary opt-in programs out there that reward good behavior and marginally penalize bad behavior. Those programs focus on a few behaviors, none of which are distraction at the moment and they are all opt-in.

Full disclosure - I work at a large insurance company and am also an EFF donor. This is near and dear.
People working 96 hour weeks deliver shitty quality.
Of course! I forgot about the loss during generation. I have had to deal with my fair share of overheating compressors.
> but I'd be wary of hacking insulin pumps, let alone using them.

If you have type 1 diabetes hacked insulin pumps or otherwise, the disease will kill you prematurely. It's a question of "when" rather than "if". Mostly this is because the disease requires constant attention - attention of the sort humans aren't good at providing, even if their life depends on it. Listen to this talk about OpenAPS. See where she says so has to wake up on average 200 times a month - or any 6 times a night, every night, regardless of whether she's pulled at 24hr day or had a good night out to monitor her levels:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p76hGxv3-HE

I know the authorities will find it an anathema, but this is a very good argument for allowing the development of open source medical devices outside of the current regulations. The existing system is about controlling the private sector - making sure someone doesn't kill someone for the sake of a quick dollar. Open source turns that equation on it's head. No one is selling anything - so there is no quick buck to be made. It's just sane, sensible people trying to stay alive, and are very, very aware if they get it wrong it will kill them.

While there is a cost advantage as the talk makes plain this isn't what motivated them. Their hashtag spells out the motivation: #WeAreNotWaiting. Waiting means a chance of dying. A capitalist system that has to be tightly constrained by government regulation to prevent it from killing too many people turned out to be far slower than open source doing the same thing.

Again, listen to the talk. Listen to the lengths the people who use OpenAPS went to make sure their novel devices didn't kill them. Learn how they voluntary pooled millions of device hours of data, and made it open available so they could all learn from it. Unlike you, I'd trust OpenAPS firmware long before I trusted some closed source solution on the promise that "we are making money from it - trust us". Thanks all the same, but I'll prefer to trust the people who would be killed by it if they get it wrong.
What's going to be the power and size requirements of the ground transceiver? Do we have details on that?
Really depends on how you define "stereotype".

It's my understanding that these "gendered differences" have been shown to be more than mere "stereotypes" in a number of different studies across different fields.

That's not to say there's "male brain" and a "female brain", but it very strongly hints at gender influencing preferences which are not entirely based on socialization but also involves its fair share of biological factors.

If this wouldn't be the case, how are trans-people be able to feel like "being stuck in the wrong body" if all brains and consciousness are alike? If there are zero biological factors at play, then that feeling of trans-people would be entirely imagined on their end, wouldn't it?
Um, that's exactly what I said. You didn't need to start your message with "wrong" when you agree with me.
>Are we talking about sub-10ms latency?

Yes. Even for the audio case, having to run jack at 10ms is already a lot, particularly since Linux is not the only source of latency.

>Sure, that's a different matter, and Linux's default schedulers could stand to improve support for mixed-realtime.

Even SCHED_FIFO (where preemption is immediate, and cpu isn't released until the high priority program yields it itself) suffers from latency spikes; it is not a scheduler issue but an overall Linux design issue.

cyclictest from rt-tests will easily highlight that. Try leaving cyclictest --smp -p98 -m on the background. After a while, you'll notice the entirely unacceptable max latency readings. All the test does is set an alarm so that the task becomes runnable (which means it should run immediately due to SCHED_FIFO) and check the difference between the alarm and the current time.

Mainline kernel is effectively unusable for anything that requires low latencies such as audio work, as it spends too much time running non-preemptable code in supervisor mode. Linux-rt improves this situation radically, but the monolithic design simply isn't suitable for this; microkernel multiserver systems are a much better fit.

Incidentally, refer to seL4 for a system that has a guarantee in the form of a formal proof of worst case execution time.
The number of satellites is not relevant. It's a single parameter a large number of them which describe how well the constellation will perform. Please see here for more detail:

https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&rct=j&url=http://...

The satellites are not the hard part, even though they are extremely hard. The hard part is going to be getting a suitable user antenna for a low enough cost that they will make the money back. So far they have not spoken publicly about their user terminal or cost, other than a couple sound bites musk said years ago about how low he wants the cost.
Hey MrXOR! First off, thanks for posting this link to HN! Second, the VDF used here leverages RSA groups, while the Chia implementation uses Class groups. These two VDFs are compared here: https://crypto.stanford.edu/~dabo/pubs/papers/VDFsurvey.pdf. Both the VDFs are subject to hardware and algorithmic speedups which will not impact the security of their use as long as these are taken into account. If you are interested in learning more about VDFs I would recommend looking at this collaborative project by Ethereum and Filecoin: https://vdfresearch.org/.
> Consumers are currently buying downstream bandwidth by the mbps from one or maybe two providers with no other options.

Isn't this going to improved with 5G? Verizon already has plans to offer 5G internet at homes in 10 cities by end of this year.
Does anyone have more details about the ground transceiver? How large will it be? What are the power requirements? How much view of the sky does it need?
I'm sorry but you are incorrect. You cannot innovate your way around the laws of physics. Do you want 5 Mbps from a LEOSAT? Fine, you need a pointable antenna. An Iridium-style omni antenna cannot accomplish this. The S/N ratio is simply too low.
In theory yes, but SpaceX would have to purchase 4G/5G terrestrial spectrum which is extremely expensive or sometimes unavailable at any price.
Why isn't there a country in the world which would allow a wild west of medical innovation?

Then people could fly there for a brief holiday, buy the device, and bring it back to the US legally.
Yeah, if they move the capital to, say, a private estate in New Zealand, that would be bad. Or anywhere similarly inaccessible to average Indonesians.
Why is this being posted? Fargate has been around for a while now. This feels like an attempt at advertisement?

The biggest gotcha with fargate, is the limits around the system.
Those tools can build anything, which is the point of a CI/CD system. There is no specific vendor you have to be invested in, it's just paid software.
I suppose this argument works really well on HN. how many people do you think know or care about a ping time? if they did, don't you think we would see all of the commercials for broadband bragging about their latency instead of bandwidth? Streaming media dominates the internet today, and that's unaffected by high latency.
To toot my own horn a bit, posted this exact idea in the previous thread. https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=19761577

The solution is simple in my view. Just make it dangerous enough that they can't get it no matter how much they would want to loot it. And if they can outsmart the dangers we face them with they must be smart enough to figure out how to deal with the radio activity.
That's a pretty small market and definitely not the target of this technology.
NGL I am not huge on Ruby (dont hate it just do more with Python) but I would buy that game just to code in Ruby in the game as weird as that sounds. I love out of the box easter eggs.
If the students only knew what their needs were. My students need "word problems". Their schooling didn't teach them how to deal with ambiguity or how to make a reasoned argument. Also, in real life you won't encounter the right answer plus four decoy answers.

But they want check-a-box tests. They even went to complain to administration because they weren't getting any. Apparently, I'm asking erroneous [sic!] questions in class. You despair, you do.
I disagree. I think people equate bandwidth with speed, because that's what all of the commercials and marketing materials say. Latency is hardly ever mentioned.
How to prevent shady mobile apps and SDKs to communicate with unauthorized data collection portals?
I absolutely agree

I dropped out of school because of this. Because I failed writing an essay on world war 1 poetry.

It’s not right to dissect art and fail a student for “wrong” answers.
You missed the "expensive" part, and iridium is not comparable when looking at speeds.
I was in an accelerator space before. Most people are just acquaintances who would say hi to each other but didn't have time to have deep chat. Compared with that, I made friends with the colleagues and the relationship lasted longer.

So I'm not sure how many true friends you can actually make and maintain in a co-working space.
Unfortunately people are looking for simplicity and this is going in the opposite direction. A kubernetes cluster is just offloading a large part to yet another component you have to run. Spinnaker is another completely separate system.

This is the opposite of what teams want. Drone, Gitlab, Teamcity as mentioned in these comments is a far better approach for 99% of companies who want a solid working solution.
A Practical Analysis of Rust's Concurrency Story
I can actually see this working as a backbone provider. Take any underserved area, rent space on cell phone towers or water towers or grain silos, and deploy an all-in-one kit that has the Starlink antenna along with a WISP transmitter and solar power. Also would work for apartment owners who want to get an additional revenue stream by being the sole provider of internet to their tenants.
How is it helpful for my car to send a message to space and back in order to communicate with the cars around me?
That is "Super Mario World".

I don't think you know what "built-in" means.

Arbitrary code execution and bugs are not "Easter eggs".

Almost every word in your comment is wrong.
No one has ever shot down a satellite that wasn't theirs in human history, I don't believe.
...it occurs to me that some developer could be hiding a secret Jailbreak in a retail game. But we would never know about it. :D
Thanks, great video.

Imagine every one of those satellites running BGP!