skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
The design of this system, from what I've heard so far sounds insane.

For some background, systems intended to automatically override pilot input upon detecting an impending stall have been used on large, complex aircraft for a long time. The most common mechanism is a stick pusher, which mechanically pushes forward on the stick to mimic what a pilot should do about an impending stall. The force of a typical stick pusher is low enough that a pilot can overcome it with arm strength.

A stick pusher, or a pilot pushing forward on the stick is not enough for the aerodynamics of the 737 MAX in certain circumstances. The position of the engines means the thrust tends to push the nose up, and at low speed, the elevator controlled by the stick alone is not enough to push the nose down when nearing a stall. Instead, the trim must be used, which moves the whole horizontal stabilizer rather than just the elevator. That's not part of the procedure on most aircraft, including other 737s, so regulators would not allow pilots rated for 737s to easily transfer their rating to the new aircraft, if they were willing to certify such an aircraft at all.

MCAS is the solution to this problem. It automatically uses the trim to force the nose down with greater authority than the elevator alone could provide. While the concept is sound, the implementation strikes me as reckless.

First, the system uses only one of the two angle of attack sensors to determine that the aircraft is nearing a stall. Such sensors have a fairly high rate of failure relative to the safe operation of a commercial aircraft. As far as I can tell, causing the system to use both sensors is a software change and all models of the aircraft had the required hardware. I can't imagine a good reason the system was designed this way, especially since Boeing has included MCAS on a previous aircraft, the tanker version of the 767, and it did use two sensors in that application.

Second, activating the system automatically, and allowing it to contradict the pilot's attempt to pitch up using the elevator seems like a mistake. While stalls are almost always the result of pilot error, I'm inclined to think automated systems should let humans have the last word. A better design might have been to automatically trim nose-down in response to full forward pressure on the stick at low speed. That could be in combination with a stick pusher providing full forward pressure on the stick when an impending stall is detected in the absence of pilot input to the contrary.
I don't know. We see quite a few (civil) engineering project that are ~on budget. A few that are wildly over.

But the thing is, in software engineering - if you ever need to do again, something you have done before, it should be just a copy away.

So you'll never spend time on something you've done before. And if you do, that time is essentially wasted - something that shouldn't be billable.

Now that's the ideal, obviously - reality is a bit more nuanced.
I would suggest that the normal price of $0 is too low.
174,000 people attended the most recent Intel Extreme Masters tournament in Katowice over the entire 10 day event. Nearly 1.2 million people watched the CS:GO final on live streams. Esports are legit.

https://iem.imgix.net/season-13/katowice/wp-content/uploads/...

https://news.unikrn.com/article/esl-iem-katowice-most-attend...

https://escharts.com/tournaments/csgo/iem-katowice-2019
Comments moved to https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=19573893.

Edit: which turns out to have been the basis for this article and discussion yesterday: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=19570378.
Thanks for your comments. For 1) occasionally the government does a fine job. I worked on two large scale DARPA projects that were well managed and had good results. Also early funding of the Internet, grants for university research, etc. 2) then why can countries like Germany provide tuition free college, even for foreign students? To me, education is starting to look like big business. 3) because the free food for hungry disadvantaged children is cheap with a large potential payoff. 4) well. It would be better to have a long talk about this, but briefly: I alternate from being a long term FSF/ACLU supporter and decide that the benefits of giving up privacy are worth it. My latest ‘sin’ in this regard is signing up for G Suite and using it for my whole work/research workflow. I try to be mindful about privacy and decide in a case by case basis the value from sharing private data.
You “always believe in 50/50” but “she did the right things here”? This are fundamentally inconsistent viewpoints.
Those people (or their insurance) are willing to pay for treatment. If the market is there, why not fund some new research into treating lung cancer? Not every incidence of lung cancer is from smoking two packs a day, sometimes it just happens although its more rare. It's the idiots smoking two packs a day that are helping subsidize the research that can help save the person who just gets lung cancer randomly.

I think it's a hard choice between allowing for personal freedoms and improving society for the better by outlawing dangerous drugs like smoking and alcohol. I think there can be a balance by allowing everyone the same level of access to healthcare but increasing taxes on dangerous recreational drugs to subsidize the healthcare system. You can eat fast food and smoke all you want but it's going to cost you heavily financially.
Does specs provide answers to these issues?
I would sure like to find an inexpensive Mini-ITX motherboard in 2019 that could run my 2x8GB sticks of 204-pin DDR3 ECC UDIMMs properly.
> There was also that research-based scala v2 rewrite. http://dotty.epfl.ch/

Was? Last I heard, Dotty is ongoing and will transition into Scala 3.

I like to think of Scala as the C++ of the JVM world. It's a complex language with a lot of features, but it can be extremely powerful if you know what idioms to use and where to use them. For example, template abuse in C++ is akin to implicit abuse in Scala.
Is it unprecedented for an F16 to get hit by its own bullet(s)?
Everything About Country Code Top Level Domains (CcTLDs)
His book was pretty good, skimmed through some of the extra examples, but networking is key.

I consider myself a super connector, and more often than not find myself in the right place at the right time, making connections for friends, colleagues, acquaintances, etc. I love bringing people together, changing the world ~
> what is the rational against higher-kinded types?

There isn't so much a rationale against them, but rather, nobody has put forward a coherent proposal for them. Changes only happen when proposals are made and accepted, and there's never really been one for HKT.

That said, there are arguments that apply fairly generally that would apply there too, namely "is the additional complexity worth it"?
Just a heads up to those who haven't published in peer review journals: hyping the potential commercial applications of your research, no matter how mundane the discovery, is required.

Worse yet, the published work concerns simulations. Simulations are cool, and have great value, but they don't constitute discovery. Confirmation of a theoretical prediction by experimentalists constitutes a discovery.

Even if the effect is confirmed, the road to putting it into commercial use is long and most likely a dead end. I know first hand that "nanoscience" isn't so much science as it is an art. Tiny imperfections result in large changes to desired effects. This is due to the increased contribution of interfaces and surfaces relative to the bulk. The very same property that leads to novel physics is the one that defeats the potential for practical applications.

I long for the day when people can do good science just for the sake of good science, and not have to spin every single paper as being the start of some new revolution that never seems to come.
I actually get almost all of my Tesla news from Tesla fan communities.
Claas Relotius, the Der Spiegel journalist who won CNN's journalist of the year award who was revelead to be completely inventing stories about people to make enticing click bait.

https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/dec/19/top-der-spiege...
I got two from the same guy on craiglist and they already had 16GB and it works everytime. Not sure what he did but I'm glad I wasn't the one fiddling with the BIOS
>>Why are we even spending resources figuring out how to extend the lives of people who have smoked a pack a day, for 30 years, and are currently in old age?

Slippery slope I guess (Plus it is immoral). Next somebody is gonna say why should certain kind of people get medical treatment instead of this other people who clearly deserve it more.
Roads are not a free market and attempting to apply free market logic to roads is a flawed argument.

People can choose whether or not to purchase a ticket. Many people cannot choose whether or not to drive. Which is why again, a flat tax would not be fair.

How would it be fair to expect someone on minimum wage or disability to pay the same amount to access a required service as someone far better off?
I maybe misunderstanding your question, but this platform only accepts public primary sources as valid evidence. A media news story is never a primary source for proving the assertions within it, it's a secondary source.

Edit: I had originally misunderstood the parent comment. Responded again here https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=19576185
Sandboxing is becoming more common in the OS as well (e.g. Mac) but these systems have multi-decade foundations, certainly pre-dating commonplace Internet and pre-dating powerful hardware. That means they started from much less power, much less capacity, and much lower threats from the outside.
Are they though? I looked on Amazon; the price difference between a 'regular' 32GB microsd and a 'high endurance' card of the same capacity is $3 (7.99 vs 10.99).
Flaps out supposedly would have kept MCAS off but the pilots weren't expected to know that.
I think if they could do one thing to improve their chances, it would be to find a check on Elon. A Gwynne Shotwell for Tesla, basically. Someone who can divert his energy towards reality, and stop him from making impulsive, insane mistakes.

Example: Trying to ramp up the 3 way too fast, and over-automating their production. Those were undoubtedly very expensive missteps, and if I recall, there were a bunch of top-level departures just before the 3's ramp-up. Where those people (rightly) telling Elon that his target was unreachable, or his method inappropriate, and getting fired for it? It sure looks like it...
The report was the basis for this article and discussion yesterday: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=19570378. From Hacker News' perspective, since the report itself was prominently linked in the article and its contents were discussed directly in the thread many times, it qualifies as a duplicate.
The planes when setup correctly have a pretty good glide slope actually. When there is no power the pilots can deploy the apu to restore basic power for flight controls.
> I was born with the inner monologue.

Are you sure? It seems very unlikely that it would predate language acquisition by much, at least in the form I experience.
Well yea. At first I thought this was going to be a hit piece on the unregulated, non-government certified products.
It's a raster scan. Larger images are built one pixel at a time.
German president presented with last piece of black coal mined in Germany
Algorithmic Challenges with Good Explanations
Ask HN: CS, software development, and programming books of 2018
I enjoyed this thread https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=15878575 (CS and programming books of 2017) and would like to ask what everyone thought was a helpful or interesting book they read in the past year.
Jeff Bezos and Amazon Propose Space-Based Internet Service
> The math is only truly easy under a flat tax.

The actual calculation of the amount due from the taxable income uses a lookup, which is equivalent difficulty under any scheme other than a flat capitation, where the table reduces to a single value, and even the GOP hasn't proposed a capitation.

Getting from a collection of other information to the final taxable income is most of the complexity, as are things like credits that apply after the initial application of the rate. But there is nothing inherent about the flat vs. progressive rate distinction which drives practical calculation complexity, they are just orthogonal concerns where the popular one (simplification of calculation) is used as a tool to sell the one that is less compelling to the broad public on its own.
It lessens the amount of car storage needed too, though, which is also important. It would be nice if multi-person trips like UberPool would be exempted to encourage their use, but I don't know if that's technically feasible.
Not to mention, she married him in 1993 -- before Amazon existed and they had met when she was a research associate at the hedge fund that they both worked at. She graduated from a very prestigious prep school and then with highest honors from Princeton. She was there for every step of the Amazon journey and would have been successful on her own.
I'd say that not enough functional extremism killed Scala. It tried to be all things for all purposes, compatible with every approach. So it grew into a incomprehensible monster of a language, full of subtle traps, like C++.

Making things compact and focused helps. Of mixed-approach languages, I see Kotlin's approach to integrating FP as more successful.
It is pointless to compare richest subset of Europe to the entire US. If you want to do a fair comparison, compare entire Europe to the entire US. Then we see that Europe is not that much better and so called "awesome European welfare" is not reflecting into key metrics. Just to pick two examples, if Europe provides vastly better healthcare and education for free/cheap to its citizens, why is life expectancy or unemployment rate comparable to the US?

Life expectancy: ranges between 71.5-89.4 years across European countries [1], 73.4-81.3 across US states [2]

Unemployment rate: ranges between 1-31.4% between European countries [3], 2.1-18% across US states/territories [4]

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_European_countries_by_...

[2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_U.S._states_and_territ...

[3] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states_in_Eu...

[4] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_U.S._states_and_territ...
That is in fact exactly what quantum mechanics predicts.

http://blog.rongarret.info/2014/10/parallel-universes-and-ar...
That's true as well. The effect is the same either way, though -- news organizations aren't exactly swimming in money these days. They have trouble just paying journalists, much less support staff for those journalists like fact-checkers.
It would appear that it does not.
I would be shocked if the city council didn't ban the commercial use of self driving vehicles. Too many unemployed, would breed a Paris riot situation.
This seems like a view so charitable as to nearly strain credulity.

Firstly, many of Tesla's problems are self-inflicted. How much time and capital was wasted on the alien dreadnought? How much damage has been caused by the constant turnover in management, or the whipsaw changes in price structure and product offerings, or the likely ill-fated decision to double down on computer vision rather than use LIDAR? One mistake we can quantify is the disastrous $2.6 billion related-party acquisition of SolarCity.

And even problems which are not necessarily self-inflicted wounds, like their cashflow problems or quality issues which possibly any upstart time-constrained car manufacturer might face, are not any less problematic for that fact. As an investor it doesn't matter whether quality issues would happen to another electric car startup; they're happening to Tesla. Their competition actually does know how to build cars to spec, and they're coming out with their own electric models. And their stock comes free of childish bickering with the SEC or critically risky solvency status or desperate and deceptive PR stunts like solar roofs or underground tunnels.
HN discussion here: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=19573893
I'm starting to think that disabling MCAS isn't even a sane option because then the pilots are exposed to unexpected aerodynamic characteristics due to the plane's weird design. Does this make sense?
> Also, the airspeed, altitude
and flight director pitch bar
values from the left side noted deviating from the corresponding right side values.
The left side values were lower than the right side values
until near the end of the recording

Hmm. Seems not just faulty AoA sensors? Perhaps some major malfunction in the flight computer? I've felt this entire time there's been a rush to claim 'faulty AoA sensors' because 'sensors' are known to fail, and it's an easy scapegoat.

My question is, does the flight recorder have raw inputs from the sensor, or just what the flight computer is reporting from the sensor? Seems like the latter.
"We Were On A Break."

Guess that's just excuse for doing what you want before officially ending things with your current wife/spouse/gf.
On becoming a senior technical leader
As far as I can tell there are three acpi stacks/interpreters

Intel, This is the reference, most operating systems use this (linux, freebsd, macos)

Microsoft

Openbsd, yes the openbsd project is crazy enough to build their own acpi implementation, keep fighting the good fight openbsd.

Because have you seen the spec? good lord what a train wreak.
Fair enough, this is a case where it would actually be more correct to use that style!
Smart contracts are programs whose computation is run independently across a large number of distributed machines, with an output that is verified using a predetermined consensus mechanism.

They are useful is situations where an actor would benefit from altering the result of the computation, or masking values. The primary use case that I've seen is for escrow payments with Ether, the Ethereum blockchain's native currency.

They trade processing speed for finality and verification of results.
Interesting, that when they turned the electric trim back on, they only momentarily blipped the switches to trim up, and the stabilizer did move. Then five seconds later MCAS pitched down again and it was over.

Wonder why didn't they trim up more when they turned the electric trim back on. On the surface it appears that was their last chance to salvage the situation.
It was sarcastic because many seniors can't walk long distances. The idea that if they want something they "walk to get it" is ridiculous.

The missing component is that when you ban cars, you have to have good public transit to replace them, especially for the elderly and disabled.
> Also, the airspeed, altitude and flight director pitch bar values from the left side noted deviating from the corresponding right side values. The left side values were lower than the right side values until near the end of the recording

Hmm. Seems not just faulty AoA sensors? Perhaps some major malfunction in the flight computer? I've felt this entire time there's been a rush to claim 'faulty AoA sensors' because 'sensors' are known to fail, and it's an easy scapegoat.

My question is, does the flight recorder have raw inputs from the sensor, or just what the flight computer is reporting from the sensor? Seems like the latter.
Most social networks would see rewarding early adopters as a benefit rather than a drawback. Besides which, TheThreeWordName or JohnBSmith1982 is still a lot more memorable than a random alphanumeric string.

As another person said further down, it's why we have domain names rather than IP addresses. Sure, the way in which they're distributed might be suboptimal, but not nearly as suboptimal as making everyone have to remember the IP address or rely entirely upon a search function that returns ever-changing results.
The issue is that testing often comes with its own health costs and many tests return a fairly high rate of false positives, which in turn leads to surgeries that can take a high toll on the body.

Related to this, I recall reading about a study of elderly men with slow growing prostate cancer. Having surgery to remove the cancer did decrease the chance of dying from prostate cancer, but actually reduced their overall life expectancy. Prostate cancer surgery is hard on the body and an older person with a slow moving cancer has a pretty good chance of dying from some other cause before the cancer gets them.
Fascinating article, but it's not some miracle tech somewhere. Just powerful, tried-and-true techniques combined with a hell of a lot of grunt work collecting and characterizing thousands of samples. Most of this stuff is still expensive, time-consuming lab work, not like a tricorder you point at a log that spits out a location. Soon, hopefully!
Buses work well for hot days, and you can actually use your laptop rather than driving. Buses should have dedicated lanes and arrival times every 5 minutes.
Probably some mixture of the following tactics.

##
Fix the subway (by which I mean make it more like Japan's rail):

* Make loitering illegal, enforce it
* A 'short loop' everything recorded space
This is anti-vandalism / for crimes within a day
* Since this is the US, safety barrier the train
* In-city Automated circuits, automated schedule.

There'd also need to be baked in maintenance, but I'm not an expert in subway repair so I'm not sure what's actually required vs nice to have. If the subway is down, surface buses should run to replace it.

##
An interface between the subway and the rest of the world:

Large parking silos close enough to the city to be on the subway grid (with good service), BUT, far enough out to have good use of the land. These too should have somewhat short loop subservience for security (maybe a 7-day rotation here). Parking can be charged for, but it should be less than the cost of having an automated driver take you in to the city, drop you off, and pick you up later.

##
Every-day Freight backhaul:

As a transportation utility, during the more downtime hours the subway could be used by semi-automated transport cars to route pallets (or a replacement transfer unit) of things classified in several storage classes: Frozen, Refrigerated, 'room temp', not conditioned, 'special'. (Special being an un-conditioned, but ventilated with normal air, room that provides power for local regulation.) The transfer pods would be ferried along normal subway lines between cars during the downtimes. The stops would probably mostly be off of the normal ones, but exceptions might be made. Nearby storage rooms would receive the contents and buffer them. Those rooms are a city owned public utility (somewhat like paid parking spaces are now). Again, subservience on short loop, with added restricted access via RFID fobs and needing to show faces. Automated logging of who's checking in and which pallets they're taking out. At this point they may be close enough to hand/forklift transport, or maybe form an airport luggage style electric powered tram delivery.

##
Reducing friction of desired transport methods:

Probably the free# (for people; #paid for with taxes) transport, and keeping the costs of the last-mile backhaul minimal for commercial ideas would be the biggest reduction. The increased patrols, and automated subservience backup (to trace fault after humans identify issues) are also supposed to reduce friction. In the narrative I've setup the civil enforcers are only supposed to be providing help, not hassling random people asking for papers.
>We pretty much invaded Iraq for the oil.

I have heard that before, but did we ever get any oil out of it? Was there ever any chance of getting any oil out of it?