skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
1. It's important to distinguish between liquidity risk and solvency risk. Liquidity risk is needing to sell an asset that is fundamentally sound and not being able to get a fair price, or any price at all (as happened in 2008/2009 - no/few buyers and many sellers). Solvency risk is the asset goes bad and there's a permanent impairment.

Simplistically:

liquidity risk = broken leg (painful and needs immediate treatment, but recovery over time likely)

solvency risk = horrible cancer

2. CLOs are made up of bank loans, which are generally the most senior obligation of a company, and are the least risky. Bonds, preferred equity and common equity get hit before the loans are impaired. During the period from 1998 through 2016, defaulting loans recovered 66% of their value while bonds recovered 40%. [0]

3. CLOs generally made it through 2008/2009 without any major issues. The structures held up as designed, but prices fell along with other structured products since there were few buyers and many sellers.

If you were able to hold, you did reasonably well. Over the 20 year period from 1994 through 2013, there were 6141 CLO tranches, of which 0.41% defaulted (no AAA or AA defaults) and had a 0.04% loss rate. [1]

4. What has changed since 2008 is that loans are becoming a larger portion of the total value of the business (loan-to-value). This means that if the business goes bad, there's less of a cushion for the loan and recovery rates will be lower.

I don't know how much lower, but some of the junior tranches in a CLO could be impaired in a severe downturn. It's hard to really know, but I _think_ things would need to be worse than 2008 (or the same level of crisis, for a longer period) for AAA tranches in general to be permanently impaired.

5. Accounting plays a role here. If you are required to mark-to-market, then the market clearing price is what the asset is worth, regardless of fundamentals. If there's a panic, you may be a forced seller if you don't have sufficient reserves to get through the disruption and your mark-to-market loss becomes a permanent loss. This applies to any asset class, not just structured products.

6. I don't understand why the article brings up CDS gaming. It's a real issue, and one that is being worked on, but it's not even a rounding error compared to the size of the corporate debt universe. [2]

quote from the FT article:

"Isda’s method of “fixing” CDS has always been akin to “patching” software after hackers exposed weak points. When one window closes, traders simply find a new one."

[0] "JPMorgan Default Monitor 4Q16"

[1] “Twenty Years Strong: A Look Back At U.S. CLO Ratings Performance From 1994 Through 2013”

[2] https://www.ft.com/content/efab718a-40c9-11e9-b896-fe36ec32a...
Don't call others trolls for downvoting.
It’s probably more efficient to use pen and paper during the lecture, but how about creating the LaTex notes after class as a method to help retain the information?

I watched an online statistics class and took notes, then I transcribed some of them on the iPad. Here are the pdf’s:

https://github.com/melling/MathAndScienceNotes/tree/master/s...
Because there's only one syntax (yes, XML, but it's consistent), it's fast, the documentation is comprehensible, it has multi-project and multi-module support that is easy to understand, I lose track of what else.

Gradle is the worst allergic reaction to XML in history.
I mean compare chronic use with any other common drug. Say ibuprofen. You're gonna have adverse affects in both groups. It would be retarded to say that because of this well make it illegal and take away the benefit of people.
It's just equivalent to `this` though, it doesn't do newlines or preserve spaces.
>Spring and other frameworks may be popular, but the base servlet api with db connection pooling is enough. This approach feels much lighter than using frameworks.

That. I've used the Servlets API for years in the early to late 00s.

I'm now (for the past 5 years) using Express with Node.

Static typing and cosmetic differences aside, Servlets and Express (or Node's raw handlers) are pretty much the same API.

Request, Response objects, handlers, middleware (iirc we used to call those last "filters" in the Servlet era), etc. It's not like it's some alien convoluted design.

(Java Server Faces now was another thing)
> They were setting chrome as default browser in android. Also they did not allow changing the default search engine so easily.

Isn't this the same case with Safari on iOS devices?

Update: I posted this before the motivation was published.
OK, you're right. You can't trust anyone.

> Note that anonymity is earned by you via the steps you take to open and use that email account.

That's what I meant by "unless you trust your OPSEC enough".

However, not all of us are " activist[s] whose life would be threatened if ... messages got out". So I think there is some value in providers who will protect you, if your OPSEC is weak. If nothing else, it's failsafe. Like climbing with a rope.
There's no evidence of this. Uncontrolled immigration is what made America great. If there's a problem it causes, it's that it creates a brain drain from the developing world to the developed world; it's often the more talented and enterprising people who leave (though that varies wildly among specific emigrating groups).
But alcohol can cause psychosis - Delirium Tremens : https://paihdelinkki.fi/en/info-bank/articles/alcohol/deliri...
"Those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat it."—George Santayana (The Life of Reason: Reason in Common Sense. Scribner's, 1905: 284)
Mostly profiling.

Each JVM implementation (Azul, IBM, OpenJDK, PTC, Aicas,...) has their own collection of GC algorithms.

And their behaviour depends pretty much on the application as well.
Facebook forbade those only after reports. There were further issues followed by ACLU which ended in agreement that requries further changes.

Chain of events:
1.) A series of investigative reports over the past two years have uncovered ways that users can abuse Facebook's ad platform in order to discriminate against some populations, mainly people of color, when it comes to certain marketing for certain opportunities, like housing, employment or credit.

2.) Following the reports, the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) filed a complaint against Facebook [...], charging that the social network allows advertisers to illegally discriminate in housing ads by excluding some groups from seeing the ads.

3.) Shortly after, Facebook removed over 5,000 ad-targeting options to prevent that capability.

4.) In September, the ACLU and its law firm, representing the Communications Workers of America and several individual job seekers, filed charges with the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission against Facebook and a number of employers, alleging that they had unlawfully discriminated against certain populations via their ad targeting platform.

5.) As part of the settlement, Facebook will pay $5 million to several groups, [...] It will also take three new steps to prevent advertisers from engaging in unlawful discrimination around employment, housing, and credit ads on Facebook and its subsidiaries (Instagram, Whatsapp, Messenger, etc.):archive for housing ads,
>When there are only single implementations for JSRs left, the whole exercise becomes pointless and masochistic, doesn't it?

Not any more than PEPs are.
Well, they did just say they're going to allow EU Android users to select a different browser and search engine.
> ... I can cite entire genres and art forms that were born out of struggle.

Can you name anything like that besides music? I'm genuinely curious.
Nice way to shirk your responsibility to back up your statements.
That's small money for the Google.

Last year they gave Google €4.34bn fine and in year 2017 they gave Google €2.42bn fine.
Google does indeed need to be broken up, but much less than Microsoft. Google has actually done good for the whole world with their open source initiatives, opening of webm, etc - plus all(?) of their products are easily replaceable, unlike say windows which has exclusive programs written for it.
Cryptonomica.net launched a web application for digital signatures (signing and signatures verification) using MetaMask(https://metamask.io) plugin for browsers, Ethereum (https://www.ethereum.org) keys and Cryptonomica identity verification(https://github.com/Cryptonomica/cryptonomica/wiki/CRYPTONOMI...):

https://cryptonomica.net/eth-sign

You do not need ETH (ether) to sign or to verify signature, just MetaMask and Ethereum key.

Information about key owner is read from Cryptonomica smart contract (https://etherscan.io/address/0x846942953c3b2A898F10DF1e32763...) that keeps information about verified keys.

To store key information in smart contract (https://etherscan.io/address/0x846942953c3b2A898F10DF1e32763...) you can verify your identity via https://cryptonomica.net
Best Practices of Landing Page Optimization
Here are a few key claims about what Google did, from the European commission press release:

> Google's provision of online search advertising intermediation services to the most commercially important publishers took place via agreements that were individually negotiated. The Commission has reviewed hundreds of such agreements in the course of its investigation and found that:

> Starting in 2006, Google included exclusivity clauses in its contracts. This meant that publishers were prohibited from placing any search adverts from competitors on their search results pages. The decision concerns publishers whose agreements with Google required such exclusivity for all their websites.

> As of March 2009, Google gradually began replacing the exclusivity clauses with so-called “Premium Placement” clauses. These required publishers to reserve the most profitable space on their search results pages for Google's adverts and request a minimum number of Google adverts. As a result, Google's competitorswere prevented from placing their search adverts in the most visible and clicked on parts of the websites' search results pages.

> As of March 2009, Google also included clauses requiring publishers to seek written approval from Google before making changes to the way in which any rival adverts were displayed. This meant that Google could control how attractive, and therefore clicked on, competing search adverts could be.

> Therefore, Google first imposed an exclusive supply obligation, which prevented competitors from placing any search adverts on the commercially most significant websites. Then, Google introduced what it called its “relaxed exclusivity” strategy aimed at reserving for its own search adverts the most valuable positions and at controlling competing adverts' performance.

> Google's practices covered over half the market by turnover throughout most of the period. Google's rivals were not able to compete on the merits, either because there was an outright prohibition for them to appear on publisher websites or because Google reserved for itself by far the most valuable commercial space on those websites, while at the same time controlling how rival search adverts could appear.

From: http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_IP-19-1770_en.htm
I guess the difference is market share...
> Lisp and Smalltalk were designed for two entirely different purposes and audiences

> Smalltalk as a programming language primarily targeting children.

Not entirely sure that is right. See The Early History Of Smalltalk[1]

'One day, in a typical PARC hallway bullsession, Ted Kaehler, Dan Ingalls, and I were standing around talking about programming languages. The subject of power came up and the two of them wondered how large a language one would have to make to get great power. With as much panache as I could muster, I asserted that you could define the "most powerful language in the world" in "a page of code." They said, "Put up or shut up."'

'I had originally made the boast because McCarthy's self-describing LISP interpreter was written in itself. It was about "a page", and as far as power goes, LISP was the whole nine-yards for functional languages. I was quite sure I could do the same for object-oriented languages plus be able to do a reasonable syntax for the code a la some of the FLEX machine techniques.'

'It turned out to be more difficult than I had first thought for three reasons. First, I wanted the program to be more like McCarthy's second non-recursive interpreter—the one implemented as a loop that tried to resemble the original 709 implementation of Steve Russell as much as possible. It was more "real". Second, the intertwining of the "parsing" with message receipt—the evaluation of parameters which was handled separately in LISP—required that my object-oriented interpreter re-enter itself "sooner" (in fact, much sooner) than LISP required. And, finally, I was still not clear how send and receive should work with each other.'

[1] http://worrydream.com/EarlyHistoryOfSmalltalk/
I think this: https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-47638336
Oh God. It's like Futuramas clone candidates. I mean trump was a godsend as far as "not a politician", but... One would have hoped for more. But hey he's doing OK.

Anyway, voting isn't a silver bullet.
I've summarized many ways to include comments on a static site in my blog post [1]. It's great to see how many alternatives are around.

[1] https://darekkay.com/blog/static-site-comments/
With 500 million EU citizens, that's about €3 per person.

This makes me wonder, how much does Google make from showing ads to one person?
Well, there is no such button. Perhaps there should be though a better solution might be to fix the automation. Airbus planes seem to work ok without a button but don't have a crash the plane if one sensor fails system.
Basically, at this point I'm sure there is a standing ~€2.5 bn section in Google's annual budget simply labeled "misc. EU fines". If they manage to keep it under €2bn in any given year they probably consider that a win and pay out bonuses to their legal team.
Daily emissions of cruise ships same as one million cars https://www.euractiv.com/section/air-pollution/news/daily-em...
I love how when the topic is climate change or vaccines or diet/nutrition everyone here is all "Science! Science!" but when the topic is adverse effects of vaping or smoking pot the preponderance of comments are "This science sucks!" Cherry-pick much?
Hardware Debugging with JTAG on a Raspberry Pi
Yet my takeaway is it pays not to follow regulations.
Thank you for your response! I found it very useful.
Yes. They are a significant enough expense that they are a separate line item on SEC filings (search for "European Commission fines" in https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1652044/000165204419...).
Thinking about Opt for the Best Stroller for Cats?
Thanks, @darekkay!
Unlikely: google has a 2017 revenue of 109.65 Billion US dollars. that's up to 5 % (conversion rates guessed) of it's total REVENUE. This will hurt their profits even more. A fine of this magnitude really makes the difference between funding a new product / moonshot or not I figure.
If by open source you mean free if they can keep your data and then some, then sure.
Typically, it takes at least 2 years for a pilot to earn enough hours to get hired on at a regional airline in the US. Add on several more years of jet experience before you can be qualified to work at a major airline or one of the larger cargo companies like UPS or FedEx.
I just started using BigQuery, and I have no idea how people tolerate it. Can't delete a column. Can't rename a column. Can't change a datatype of a column. If I added a wrong column, I have to recreate the whole table (via SELECT * EXCEPT).
And the fact that iOS is installed on devices made by Apple itself.
Android is the OS used by different phone manufacturers.
I'm becoming most curious about these AoA sensors. What is going on with them? Is there a problem in the manufacturing process?
I was wondering where funds from such a fine go:

"Fines imposed on companies found in breach of EU antitrust rules are paid into the general EU budget. This money is not earmarked for particular expenses, but Member States' contributions to the EU budget for the following year are reduced accordingly. The fines therefore help to finance the EU and reduce the burden for taxpayers."
It's good for US tech because it is yet another cost and restriction EU startups have to face before they can grow to scale and profitability.
Society Needs an Alternative Web
I don't define surveillance capitalism as "good for the world".
>java is a stable api but it also doesn't evolve

You have probably missed the last 5 years. From streams, to closures, to default methods, to functional interfaces, to local type inference, to new Process APIs, to modules, to unsigned arithmetic, to new date/time APIs, http client, 2 new GCs, shell REPL, etc... with more to come, and new releases every 3 months...
> Java is literally middle of the pack at best

A warm JVM is faster than a greased millenium falcon.
>Is it so different to do this regularly/daily?

Yes
And women also display different cardiac symptoms from men https://outline.com/aYwSJV
There was a commentary in the German media in context of Brexit that I think really think sums the EU and her role in the world up nicely:

"Brexit shows what we have in the EU. She clears up issues among neighbors, grating them into rules and sometimes unsatisfactory compromises. But she grates them small, in a civilized and peaceful way. That's her big achievement." (rough translation by me, sorry)

https://twitter.com/tagesschau/status/1105932622000209921 (in German)
I believe you are referring to a different case than this one. That Android decision was in July 2018:

> In July 2018, the Commission fined Google €4.34 billion for illegal practices regarding Android mobile devices to strengthen the dominance of Google's search engine.

http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_IP-18-4581_en.htm
That's easily done now with personal backups, and can be added onto any federated network that gains enough popularity. Mastadon is probably approaching that.
Negative rates won't send traders out of business. There are still plenty of trades to make in a negative rate environment. In any case, I'd be interested to hear your argument on why small negative rates are good for the economy in general.
Specifically every link they every clicked on, on every web site.

Yes some fraction of this was on google. That's not cheating. No content from google was transmitted back to Bing. Just the next site the users went to. Is Bing supposed to go through the logs looking for visits to google and then delete the rest of the session because it might indirectly reveal something about what existed on the google page?

I should own my records about what pages I go to, not Google. If I share them with Bing it's nobody else's business.
Local does not mean 4 fold crop rotation, it just means close to the consumer. You have all of the same issues as regular agriculture, and add growing plants less suited for local conditions. It’s a pure net loss with zero benifit.

More water use, more fertilizer use, more greenhouses, more pesticides, more machines, more labor, more of frankly everything.
Seriously, is there any way for us to see if they paid any of this.?
> Linux supports that too. You can still have a KDE1 app running on your Desktop.

It is not the same, under Windows 10 you can run a Win95 app as-is since the OS comes with the necessary APIs and these APIs still get updates.

Under Linux not only nobody has the KDE1 libraries installed, but also not any distribution provides them, they rely on other libraries that are incompatible, are a pain to build and unlike Win32 and similar APIs, KDE1 libraries have never seen any new improvements over the years. As an example for the latter, Win32 applications written for Windows 95 can use the extra text editor control functionality introduced after XP despite this functionality not even existing when they were made.

To provide something equivalent, the Linux desktop needs GUI API that will remain backwards compatible in the future (as nothing can be done about the past anyway) while at the same time getting improvements that apply to both new and existing programs.
This is an old recycled study and far from being scientific. They assume causal relationship (yup!) and it's based on surveys. It basically looks like the authors had their pet theory and then build the paper around that to make a perfect headline maker to fuel government agenda.
The simple fact that people with mental health issues self-medicate wouldn't stroke prohibitionists.
Cannabis is so popular that person with issues sooner or later try it and find it helps them.
This study is essentially the same as finding people taking paracetamol for headache and saying paracetamol causes headache. The stronger dose people take, the stronger headache they have.

I think publishing such things should be illegal because it causes harm to public.

The original study: http://www.thelancet.com/pb/assets/raw/Lancet/pdfs/14TLP0454...
Developer
Author is 100% on the spot! Agile is crap. Unlimited job-giver to good-for-nothing useless uneducated
or ungifted brats, whom i would not trust with my lawn mover. Of course they yell that in case of explicit failure agile has been applied 'incorrectly'. Like socializm - it is correct, its just that Stalin built it 'incorrectly'.
Is that how we are planning on fixing the EU budget?
Higher education is insanely our of touch with reality. Literally, on any given campus you'll hear "we don't produce jobs, we produce degrees" all while they boast $$$ on their website over what you'll earn.

It's disgusting. I was a yuge Bernie fan in 2016 because he addressed one of the biggest issues our society faces - why do we allow the universities to endenture our youth?

There's simply no reason. The material is all online. Usually in a better format than what your university is offering. Testing isn't something special that only universities can offer. Hell at this point it's mostly grad students teaching anyway... (Personal experience)

We should do away with university. Learn online, test at a local institute (much more economic), but for the love of God let's give the 20 year Olds dorms still cuz that's an experience we all need to have. Coed.
A growing company needs different roles at different times:

https://blog.codinghorror.com/commandos-infantry-and-police/

It might be the case that you excel at the "first wave", but are not interested or not talented at the kind of work that needs to be done at a later stage of the company lifecycle. If so, that's nothing to be ashamed of.

edit: i guess what i am arguing is that it isn't a failure if your skills are better suited to one early phase of a business lifecycle. these skills are highly valuable in the right context. if that's the case, it could be win-win-win outcome (for you, your current employer, and your next employer) for you to switch to a different company that is in the phase you are most effective at, if your current employer has sucessfully grown out of that phase.
I've had these issues myself, and know the "stereotype comes from somewhere", but...does anyone work off of anything besides anecdata in discussion re: the stats behind this position? It's very defeatist.
It was the result of a (later overturned) ruling in 2000: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_v._Microsoft_Cor...
How to be a better boss, according to Google
It's in the official press release:
http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_IP-19-1770_en.htm

That doc says Google's deals with publishers relating to AdSense for Search (which e.g. shows ads in newspaper sites' on-site search results) harmed competition by restricting what their partners could do with other potential providers. And that this was abuse of Google's dominant position in the relevant market.
There's this https://www.nextbigfuture.com/2018/11/nanomembrane-based-tec...

Don't mean to rain on the parade, but I am skeptical
The original title says €1.5bn.