skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
I think this kind of issue has always been lurking in the shadows for humanity, not only in physics but in other areas as well. While I'm not certain about the historical details, it seems to me that the ancient Greeks were able to dream up mathematical problems, that resisted solution for centuries.

Similarly, the math required to put calculus on a decent theoretical foundation was unknown until more than a century after Newton's time.

Other areas of science... how do humans think? Can we cure pain without killing people?

Physics experienced an incredible series of lucky breaks over the past few centuries, but each breakthrough doesn't come with a schedule for when the next one will arrive, and we never know when the next one will be a real stumper. We don't know if it will take a month, a year, or a century.
Reminds me of:

- http://worrydream.com/KillMath/

- https://regexr.com/

- https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_mathematical_symbo...

- https://rpi.edu/dept/math/ms_graduate/resources/SayingMath.p...
Hello HN, we are proud to introduce the latest member of our bot family.

Wisteria GistNoesis

Don't forget to scroll down to see the video and explanation.

Exceptionally we do a release on a Sunday so that you can try it at home with your instruments and talk about it on Monday at work.

This is a kind of an art project to give you a glimpse of the future that is already here.

We are using very recent technologies like Tensorflow.js, so it might not work on your device but you can get the gist of it with the video and explanations.

Don't hesitate to give your feedback,
You may also be interested in the github project : https://github.com/GistNoesis/Wisteria/ for the technical details
Awesome work!!!

Reminds me some of Compiler Explorer: https://godbolt.org/
They obtained the data by FOIA but didn't post it anywhere? They did post their lawsuit documents though.
I just got my first developer position writing in Allegro Common Lisp, and I have to say I really enjoy the language, along with having an IDE that hooks into emacs [1][2]. For someone who is new to software development reading through the code is reasonable to do, and having a REPL at my disposal is quite nice.

[1]: https://github.com/franzinc/eli
[2]: https://franz.com/support/documentation/current/doc/eli.htm
Delta E 101
I need to run Windows, macOS, and Linux for testing purposes. I've had the luxury of having a different machine for each OS through work, but I'm moving to freelance work soon and won't have that luxury anymore.

I'd like to use a mac as my primary machine. Right now I have an 8GB 13" macbook pro, and when I tried running Windows and Ubuntu in Virtualbox, it was pretty laggy. I wasn't sure if that was because of issues with Virtualbox, or whether my system didn't have enough resources to run virtual machines efficiently. I haven't tried either yet, but I'd be happy to go with Parallels or VMWare Fusion if they run better than Virtualbox.

I'd really like to stay with a 13" macbook if possible. Does anyone know if a maxed-out 13" macbook pro will handle multiple OSes well, or do I need to get a 15" to handle this load?
The MPEG-7 dataset[0] is what most researchers use to benchmark shape similarity algorithms. There are couple of other datasets that I used that I can't recollect now. These datasets are relatively simple with a single shape as opposed to logos, icons that comprise multiple elements in different configurations.

I would test on the MPEG-7 dataset to begin with and once the precision and recall values are good enough go ahead with testing on logos and icons. I must've manually tested the algorithm more than a 100,000 times probably because that was the only way to do with untagged datasets. Quite tedious indeed. This version gives out pretty decent results about 7-8 out of 10 times I'd say.

[0] - http://www.dabi.temple.edu/~shape/MPEG7/dataset.html
You shouldn’t bother if your goal is to be a better functional programmer. Haskell’s use of category theory isn’t really the same as the formal category theory in mathematics. Some ideas have some conceptual overlap but that’s about it.

As a more practical point, trying to learn category theory without a good understanding of abstract algebra and linear algebra would be difficult. The material would seem very unmotivated and unintuitive. Math undergrads don’t typically encounter the subject except in an upper level topics course; more usually it’s a grad-level math course which requires a lot of exposure to abstract algebra.
I would suggest an older ThinkPad instead of a brand new one. Almost every operating system I know of targets them as a platform, you won’t run into issues with Wi-Fi cards and suspend/resume, and they are quite upgradable.

Some have hot-swappable batteries (no need to shut down just to switch to a fresh battery), they all have great keyboards, even ancient machines feel fast with a new SSD, and the cooling is miles better than an “ultrabook” design.

Whatever you do, I would caution against buying a machine for the specs. You’ll probably get something heavy, with poor battery life, and if you need more power, you should be doing those tasks on a remote system or a beefy “cloud” VPS instance anyway.
there is new
Thanks! We've fixed the headline.
Show HN: Reedy, keep up with the news
The NHTSA's researchers didn't publish their study in a peer reviewed journal?!?!
Saudi Oil Tanker “Accidentally” Heads to Venezuela
With some consistent dedicated effort you could maybe go through Category Theory for Programmers https://github.com/hmemcpy/milewski-ctfp-pdf
Quantized space and Quantized inertia both have interesting potential and both involve reframing existing ideas.
Is it ~140 bytes? pahole says it's 112 (without CATALOG_VARLEN).

The impact of doubling NameData size would be quite a bit worse, though, thanks to doubling of chunk-size in allocset. At the moment it fits into a 128B chunk (so just ~16B wasted), but by doubling NameData to 128B the struct would suddenly be 176B, which requires 256B chunk (so 80B wasted). Yuck.
This glib response is quite naive and ignores second order implications.

How would we tax a corporation as the number of employees trends to 0?
> It shouldn't trigger while reading unless you leave the window

One thing I've noticed is that they often appear (can't speak to this one specifically) if you alt-tab to another window to note something. That can be almost annoying as appearing while you are reading.
After more than 10 years in development Wayland still hasn’t replaced X.org
Yes, it’s that way for me too. I’m glad they did.
emacs with elpa-rust-mode (ubuntu package) works well for me.
IoT Security, DRM and User Freedom
LCD monitor test images
There is sematic lookup, but I've never seen anyone use it except here on HN:

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=15776153

> $ apropos -s 3 Va=optind -a Va=optarg
> https://man.openbsd.org/whatis.1
(1) thanks for clarifying, that's a relief. (2) what does transmissible mean, then?
Ah I see. https://lwn.net/Articles/718734/

Someone issuing a sync() could cause an error to be cleared before the app's fsync() happens. That's a drag.
So, yes, aside from the discovery of neutrino mass there was no "fundamental" progress since the Standard Model -- as in, all the effects we see in current experiments are accounted for by the theory -- if you know how to calculate them well enough, which is actually not trivial at all, and has been keeping physicist busy for the last few decades.

And yes, by scientific standards 20-30B EUR over ~25 years is a large sum, even though 1B/year is about the current CERN budget, about 1/5 of the current ESA budget, 1/20 of NASA budget, and 1/500 of the US military budget, etc -- so not that outrageous by other standards.

And yes again, there are multiple cheaper experiments with a more certain outcome. For example the Japanese Hyper-Kamiokande neutrino detector will provide enough data to solve neutrino mass hierarchy problem at the cost of ~2B EUR; or the space-based LIGO successor, LISA, which will improve over LIGO's ability to detect gravity waves by half of a dozen orders of magnitude for about 1B EUR or so.

And yet, those experiments can not bring more understanding into the "fundamental" physics -- i.e. to find a breach in the Standard Model. Only two kinds of experiments can:

1) cheap detectors constructed to test special classes of SM extensions (e.g. detectors like ALPS, which consist of a laser pointing at a wall to search for e.g. axions) -- if by some luck the particular extension turns out to be true;

2) a collider with higher energies like FCC, CLIC or ILC.

Now, there's no shortage of the cheap experiments, but up till now they've only excluded certain classes of "beyond standard model" theories, while confirming the SM even more. We'll probably continue building these in the forseeable future, but overall it doesn't seem likely that we'll find anything here.

So if you want any progress in the "fundamental" physics -- there doesn't seem to be a way without a bigger collider to show deviation from the SM. Without such an experiment, all people are left with is speculation, and that is how you get the string theories, supersymmetries, and the dreaded "naturalness" criteria, which the author of the article dislikes so much.
What distinction do you draw between "recruiter" and "head hunter"?
What evidence do you have that the name and face would give you a different answer? Somehow paying $50 changes something?
Applications that use X11 properly don't just work OKish over wired LAN, but work good enough that you can't tell it's not running locally..

One usual workflow is to ssh into a data reduction machine, do some reduction task and inspect the data products without having to copy them to the local machine or use NFS or the likes to access the files.
(2009), and doesn’t seem to differentiate flash-pasteurized options like Odwalla and Costco’s brand, which have a taste much closer to fresh-squeezed. I’m guessing those products omit the deoxygenation and flavor enhancement described.
I’m a complete outsider to PostgreSQL specifics, but: if that is the reason, then this is a case for improving messaging.

If I’d been in the patch submitter’s shoes, I wouldn’t have thought twice about writing off that community.

If I had gotten your reply, instead: 100% fair play, thank you for your consideration, and send my love to the dev team.

Messaging matters.
The author of this needs to write a few more on other topics. The succinctness and simplicity (i.e. minimum bits) is a nice change from so many documentation sites. Can Amazon get him to rewrite their documentation?
If I had to guess, differences in currency value and return on investment in different markets, to get as much value out of each region as possible, while limiting the effect of trade between markets to drive prices down.
True, but that likeness is normally taught in abstract algebra without requiring category theory. For example this: https://i.redd.it/yqnbigi032i11.png doesn’t require any category to understand.
I have nothing concrete to base this on but I've always found it a source of inspiration that perhaps what contributed most to Bach's genius is the fact that his compositions were literally his work. I.e. he was paid to write and perform music.

Literature on creativity stress that it's less about possessing some kind of 'gift' but rather the importance of simply showing up, whether you're feeling inspired or not, and pushing through the resistance to just create something. Anything.

I like to think that Bach's music is evidence of this.
> What if the next level of yet unknown physics requires building a machine that's as large as the equator? Or larger than anything that can be built on earth?

Well, one thought is that we already have access to much higher energies - via cosmic radiation.

Of course, a lot about that radiation is uncontrolled, which makes things difficult...

There's much to be done with lower energy experiments, including understanding the weak nuclear force and possibly LENR.
Tools are generally independent. Using a particular screwdriver doesn't change the effectiveness of your hammer.

Changing between programming languages is a bit more complicated than exchanging tools in a belt.
Framework for lifting x86, amd64, and aarch64 program binaries to LLVM bitcode
This is a very well-thought out pedagogical tool. Can't wait for part 2!
Brad Lander “on Amazon (in light of their carefully-timed threats yesterday)”
I'd be really happy to see surprise billing come to an end. I'm not sure there's a good of way doing it, though. There's a fundamental tension:

(1) People often need care quicker than their financial and insurance situation can be established. Insurance companies love to deny claims retroactively, which by definition won't hit people until well after necessary care has been provided. Requiring pre-authorization for everything from insurers is a huge problem, in terms of time, illegitimate denials, and the amount of overhead it creates for providers (having to hire staff just to sit on the phone with insurers all day.)

(2) This creates an incentive to provide minimal care to folks. If the provider or hospital is left entirely on the hook for eating the cost of a denied claim, and can't ethically deny care, the result is going to be pretty much everyone getting the same care that homeless folks coming in off the street get: absolute minimum care necessary to stabilize, then get out. Go spend a week sorting out your pre-authorizations, and then come back. This is the effect you'd get from the Cassidy bill, Hassan, or Doggett.

(3) This creates a serious amount of leverage for insurers. Right now, part of what keeps insurers at least somewhat in check is that providers refusing to participate in their networks requires insurers to negotiate reimbursement rates to attract physicians, in order to attract patients. Patients won't go to out-of-network providers due to the expense. In this instance, the insurer can cut back on the number of providers in their network. Patients will avoid out of network care as long as they can, eventually present in an emergency, and score in-network prices anyway - which means the insurer gets to pay for fewer visits at reduced costs, while being able to negotiate reduced reimbursement rates all around.

Every single one of these proposals basically says "if anything happens, the provider eats it." There's not a single mechanism included to share the "eats it" with the insurer, or to prevent insurer abuse. This creates a major incentive for insurers to game the system to shift their costs to providers, by aggressively denying even more claims, knowing that there won't be any consumer backlash for it.

Part of this has to do with trying to protect emergency coverage. I think the ACA already covered this reasonably well, and it's just a clause that needs to be vigorously defended: all emergency room care is in-network, period. But this was laid at the feet of insurers. I'm somehow less than shocked that the new round of bills seeks to shift the entire burden, emergency or not, from insurers to providers... despite the fact that the "surprise" component of surprise billing is almost entirely a function of insurer behavior.
this is a core part of the plot to https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Three-Body_Problem_(novel) -- a fantastic read which introduced me to a lot of Chinese perspective and history i never received elsewhere.
That makes them sound like union types to me, but I'm guessing they're not like union types, otherwise that's what they would be called.
Just like UNIX would have been if it wasn't for Bell Labs being prevented to use it commercially.

The AT&T lawsuit against BSD only came after that prohibition was lifted.
When I code in Python, virtualenvs are pretty nice. I used Sentry.io for logging in a Django project and it was useful, for error logs storage and analytics. JupyterLab is awesome for doing deep learning tasks on remote servers (I'm doing the fast.ai course right now).

When I set up a new Ubuntu server that I will be using a lot I tend to put zsh, tmux, byobu and neovim on it.

Oh and coding React Native apps with the Expo framework has been freakin awesome so far, as well.
How are you having to fight it off? If you don't middle click or hit shift-insert, it's invisible. But I find it really useful to trivially move text around with so little friction.
I have a similar kind of functionality in Linux on the Web, but dealing with parsing wasm (web assembly) files. There is a desktop environment, but I think it is best to use the shell environment at https://linuxontheweb.org/shell.os.

First, do this:

$ cp /site/root/system/wasms/games/binjgb.wasm .

The system is built around the concept of command libraries. You are going to need to import the wasm library like this:

$ import wasm

This loads a fairly powerful command called parsewasm.
To get an informational printout of the toplevel sections in that file, run the command:

$ parsewasm --toplevel binjgb.wasm

There are lots of other subcommands in parsewasm, but the coolest part is that you can list out the names of exported functions and then dump out the code bodies of whatever functions you want to inspect.
I have often wondering about the allure of tiny houses. It seems as though the selling points are all smoke and mirrors. A small amount of space for living can compliment things. How will I live when I can't just throw my dirty clothes in a giant pile across the room because that is where my living room is?!? Who wants to buy my tiny house when I am done with it? The less consumptive image of tiny houses falls apart when you think that unwanted tiny houses will just be junked somewhere. All of that material could have been used for more permanent structures. I have lived in the country before and have seen landscapes with a ton of trash in the front yard. Hardly good for the environment.
I know why China is upset about it. They know that a large percentage of the population of Hong Kong doesn't want to be part of China.

And they have done everything in their power to make sure that the Hong Kong independence movement doesn't gain a foothold. From punishing protestors to eroding local autonomy, to encouraging mainland immigration, to manipulating global speech.

This isn't about some disadvantaged country being sensitive because they were taking advantage of by colonial powers a century ago.

This is about a modern colonial power asserting dominance over an oppressed people.

>I mean, I get that you don't like them

Yeah I don't "like" a government that puts millions of people in reeducation camps because of their religion. A government who most likely executes political prisoners to harvest their organs.

I don't like a government that insists that the populations of Taiwan, Tibet, and Hong Kong have no right to self-determination.

If you don't dislike such a government, I'd suggest that you are the one being willfully ignorant.
Having had a front-row seat to the data, what's your take? Do you think Tesla's Autosteer helps, hinders, or keep accident rates unchanged?
This is what the author was wondering at the end of the article. The discovery blurs the line between the two. There is now the question if they may be the same thing.
Having trouble following what they are saying... the specific terminology over when mileage records were taken versus when autopilot was installed is confusing.

They identify a subset of vehicles and run an analysis on just those vehicles which seems to determine airbag deployments increased for those cars, and then run a regression that states the more miles driven the less likely an airbag is to deploy. They state this is unexpected but don’t explain what was wrong with their data to cause it.

The headline numbers that they do present in a footnote;

“The summary of Column AX (Miles before Autosteer) is given in this worksheet as 64,788,137. The summary of Column AY (Miles after Autosteer) is stated to be 235,880,377. We counted 86 airbag deployments “before Autosteer” in this Table and 192 de- ployments “after Autosteer.”

Basic math shows that airbag deployments per mile is decreasing from once per 753k miles to once per 1.223m miles, right?

The jist of TFA is that those “before” autopilot miles are significantly undercounted. Without understanding more what the labels “Previous Mileage before Autosteer Install” and “Next Mileage after Autosteer Install” mean, and what it means when they are not reported, it’s hard to say.

But there do seem to be several significant cases where airbag deployment count prior to Autosteer was increased for certain cohorts of vehicles where there was no increase in total mileage before Autosteer. Obviously a car with zero miles can’t have crashed, so this is what calls the entire calculation into question.
> Multiple clipboards provide flexibility and power. I will be the first to admit that a great deal of people don’t know about this feature, and it is entirely possible to use a computer without it (look at Windows or the Mac OS). That doesn’t mean that I would enjoy losing it, however.

macOS sort of has multiple clipboards, if you squint just right, but they aren't all equally supported.

Select "aaa", command-C, then put your cursor at the front of "bbb", control-K. You can paste the former with command-V, and the latter with control-Y (just like Emacs). The kill buffer is just for text, and has basically no API, so third-party programs can't (easily) use it.

There's also the search selection (command-E), which is pretty much only usable for moving the selection to the search box. It's another semi-persistent way to save some text, though.

The situation reminds me of the 6502 (which has 3 registers, each with specific duties), or the 3 robots of Robot Odyssey.
I'm fortunate to live by local Florida orange growers. Nothing like juice made from Valencia Oranges.

The economics of Oranges and juice are fascinating. In Florida, we had a major outbreak of citrus canker that made most of the oranges grown here unsuitable for sale by USDA standards (still safe for consumption). So, off to the juice factory to be stored in those massive vats.
Wild idea:

Either there is a loophole in physics or there is not. By 'loophole' I mean 'some of the physics we don't yet know, has useful applications such as faster than light travel or unbounded computation, that could potentially be tapped by terrestrial civilization'. (As opposed to the alternative state of affairs where the Standard Model suffices to describe everything that will ever happen in our solar system.)

The expected value of research in fundamental physics is much greater if there is a loophole than if there is not.

Proposal: we should try to figure out what qualities the as yet unknown physics must have, conditional on a loophole existing. Then we should proceed on the assumption that it does indeed have those qualities, in order to maximize expected utility.
In this context, I’m not using those cynical definitions of “legacy”. The definition is right there: software that doesn’t have any business value anymore.
This is in a footnote:

http://www.safetyresearch.net/Library/2018-11-26%2520Redacte...
It's just a very succinct and abstract description of the modern synthesis of Darwinism and genetic theory.

All organisms are self-replicating mechanisms, in the sense that they can generate a new organism that is built from the same DNA program (replicator) with mutations and possibly recombinations in the program (imperfect). The fact that the replications are imperfect is what allows for evolution to emerge. Together with survival-of-the-fittest mechanisms, this explains why life is so complex, why this complexity tends to increase with time, why there are so many species and so on.

It is possible to understand many details of nature by building on this idea. Higher-order theories if you like: why do organisms from different species sometimes look so similar? Why do certain organisms, such as the peacocks, have features that seem so unpractical, etc. Without it, we would be left with just cataloging stuff, as we once were.