skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
For most freelancers "consistent demand" is the hard part. I found it easier to price a service once you can estimate the type of value it will provide. For development work this is probably hard to do, but with experience and enough poking around you can learn the type of value your work provides. It helps if you can get down to the core details such as how much the product is currently earning, and how much your work will contribute. At that point it becomes much easier to sell yourself because when presented with a $ cost and a $$ profit, it becomes really clear that it practically doesn't matter what you charge because the returns are on-going whereas your work is one time. If I made a business $2 mil additional revenue, all of a sudden a 5% investment doesn't seem as hard to swallow. Coincidentally, charging a high rate leaves less of a gap, especially once you figure out your typical gaps and when they happen and budget appropriately.
Native elements work if your design spec is flexible and aims to look natural on every browser and platform. If you have a rigid design they aren't as useful.

Wouldn't be the end of the world if browsers actually exposed all of the relevant styling, but it does help to try and make flexible designs. HTML primitives make it a lot easier to reach accessibility spec.

The date input in particular really is a mess though, every platform does it differently and phones have all sorts of weird widgets attached to it.
Last time I checked, the "the vast majority 3rd party libraries which are not iOS specific" was actually quite tiny.
> Can you think of other kinds of real radiation that can indeed cause harm to living tissue besides ionizing radiation?

Ionizing radiation isn't a "kind" like microwave or visible. "Ionizing" is a label you apply to all radiation for which any single particle has enough energy to kick out electrons from the atom it impacts. The only other "kind" of radiation is non-ionizing radiation.
I hit an overbooked flight in Europe last year (Air France, intercontinental flight out of Paris). I suspect it happens a lot less than in North America, because there is a mandatory payment of 600 Euro per passenger if you get to the departure gate but are denied boarding to the plane. There may be other mandatory requirements depending on how quickly they can get you to your destination. I got a few hours delay and an alternate, non-direct flight via a non-allied airline.
>Site builders produce some crazy terrible spagetti code btw.

Not all of them, there are more serious ones like Webflow which aren't too bad in that regard.
Do you include your self-employment tax, health insurance, and saving for retirement in those three hours as well? Or is that just making up what was in your take-home pay?
SEO isn't just about landing pages or corporate websites. Every public facing route is part of SEO.

Some of the most SEO heavy websites are social networks, ecommerce sites, marketplaces and other interactive websites.

Even for corporate websites though, why should we degrade the user experience for SEO if we can easily have both?

And yes whether you agree or not (and by your comment I think you don't) the vast majority of users and UI/UX designers consider SPA to be a much better user experience than loading pages.

If you are making websites for a living, I suggest you come aboard the SPA train quickly or risk losing north of 90% of job opportunities.
Windows vs Mac is a very shallow interpretation.

-the affluence level of iOS users dwarf Android users statistically. A person who can afford a $700 iPhone is much more valuable than a person buying a $220 Android phone (the average selling price of an Android phone)

- Apple couldn’t keep up performance wise with the Mac because you had the entire PC industry funding Intel. Hardly anyone is making money selling Android phones. Apple is making 80% of the profit in the phone market.

-iOS is doing well in most affluent countries

https://deviceatlas.com/blog/android-v-ios-market-share
Can't vouch for how good they actually are, but I found this [0] list a while ago with various polyfills, including apparently 7 different polyfills for <details>.

[0] https://github.com/Modernizr/Modernizr/wiki/HTML5-Cross-Brow...
Google's plan to avoid apps slurping Gmail inboxes: Charge devs for audits
A Journey into the Animal Mind
I'm not referring to this specific hardware - I know this is not consumer-ready - but to RISC-V overall. If we want to sell a RISC-V-based x86/ARM replacement, it can't cost more than the well-known, multi-sourced part for the same application.

As an engineer, I care about the elegance of the underlying hardware/ISA, but when it's time to buy tech for a client, I can't afford to do that.
Low Level Programming of the Raspberry Pi in C (2013)
A Better Way for Video Creators to Make a Living
Visual mental imagery training
You could die from lethal amounts of neutrino radiation technically. That doesn't mean it is a relevant threat because stellar event levels of energy can't be involved here.
I will sacrifice more my HN points since I will add nothing but to say that regardless of rationality you put, if being negative to React/javascript, it's guarantee to get downvote to hell.
Hello everyone. This is my first time posting here. Just a little about me. In 2007 I left the automotive industry with $10,000 in funding from family to start a new career in digital media. I purchased video equipment, editing software, and taught myself web development. I created my first video publication because I was frustrated by the lack of representation in the media and local stories going largely untold or undiscovered.

For years I created hundreds of videos documenting local culture but struggled to earn a steady income. It's why I created That Video Mag. That Video Mag is a video magazine for local news and entertainment. That Video Mag helps people discover videos about local culture and helps video creators filmmakers earn a living.

Video creators can make a whole lot more money by publishing their original unscripted, documentary, and journalistic video pieces on That Video Mag than by releasing them through free ad-supported models.

My mission is to get creators paid and create an economic impact by putting local products and services in the hands of consumers.

The link describes how it works. Thanks!
This proof (or "plausibility argument") bugs me so much. Just because something thins out and becomes rare doesn't mean it doesn't exist.

As n gets bigger, the probability of n being a perfect square gets smaller and smaller. In the limit, the probability is zero.

Does this mean square numbers don't exist?
This was incredibly useful, many thanks for posting. In particular I was really confused about the difference between ".der" files and ".pem" files. The concise, pithy, style makes reading very easy.
Chisel isn't high level synthesis. It's not a good name to describe it when the overwhelming majority of "HLS" projects are C/C++ compilers and are completely different beasts in design and theory. Honestly, almost every experienced hardware engineer I meet who's only heard of these languages thinks this, so I partially think it's a marketing failure, but I also get the impression HW engineers think literally anything that is not Verilog is "high level" which is just simply untrue. (If I had any say in the matter, probably the only real "high level synthesis" language that isn't just a tagline for "Compile C++ to Hardware" I've experienced is BlueSpec Verilog.)

I haven't used Chisel personally, but from my experience with Clash -- it is better to think of them as structural RTLs that that have vastly better abstraction capabilities than VHDL/Verilog have. And I don't mean whatever weird things hardware designers think up when they say "abstraction" and they chuckle about software programmers (before writing a shitload of tedious verification tests or using Perl to generate finite state machines or some weird shit but That's Cool And Good because most don't know the difference between a "macro" and a "preprocessor" and no I am not venting), I mean real abstraction capabilities -- for example, parametric types alone can drastically reduce the amount of boilerplate you need for many tedious tasks, and those parametric types inline and are statically elaborated much in the same way you expect "static elaboration" of RTL modules, etc to work. Types are far more powerful than module parameters and inherently higher order, so you get lots of code reuse. In Clash, it's pretty easy to get stateful 'behavioral' looking code that is statically elaborated to structural code, using things like State monads, etc, so there's a decent range of abstraction capabilities, but the language is generally very close to structural design. The languages are overall simply more concise and let you express things more clearly for a number of reasons, and often can compare favorably (IMO) even to more behavioral models (among others, functions are closer to the unit of modularity and are vastly briefer than Verilog modules, which are just crap, etc). Alternative RTLs like MyHDL are more behavioral, in contrast.

The biggest problem with these languages are that the netlists are harder to work with, in my experience. But the actual languages and tools are mostly pretty good. And yes, they do make verification quite nice -- Clash for example can be tested easily with Haskell and all Clash programs are valid Haskell programs that you can "simulate", so you have thousands of libraries, generators, frameworks etc to use to make all of those things really nice.

(This is all completely separate from what a lot of hardware designers do, which is stitch together working IP and verify it, as you note with the verification comment. That's another big problem, arguably the much more important one, and it is larger than the particular choice of RTL in question but isn't the focus here.)
I don't think it makes much sense for us to build earth-like environments in space. It totally negates the benefits of being in a zero-g environment.

I think it is more likely that our biology will be forced to adapt to space than the other way around. I can imagine a future where humans live in individual pods while hooked up to virtual reality systems that can simulate all the necessary needs of the person within the pod, while the pod traverses shared space near lagrange points to collect necessary resources. It'd be a sort of "cell" in a larger multi-cellular collective surrounding our local star; much like endosymbiosis lead to mitochondria when eukaryotes first evolved, humans will merge with machines to become space-faring cellular life.
Can you give more context. What language are you talking about ? What if I spent five minutes extra looking at the commit, would that have spotted the bug ? In order to give a fair conclusion, you should also look at commits without any bugs, like a blind test to reduce bias, and measure false-positives (errors that are not bugs). Maybe also use modern tools like inference engines that did not exist back when the bug was made. And compare with other techniques like unit testing to see which one is more effective, and to see if there are any synergistic effects.
I can buy a drone on Amazon for relatively little money. I can't do the same with a rocket.
(A bit suspicious of the survey form, seems a bit recruiter bate to me)

I love contracting.
But that is my experience. Other roles, areas, personalities it may not work, and other types of contracting it may be very different.

Good bits:

- If you work normal amount you earn a lot more (remember to expense everything!)

- Unlimited holidays. I take a normal amount of holidays during contracts,
and then a few months off between contracts though depends on the length of the contract.

- No illusion of job security and no guilt if you leave at the end of a contract. But don't burn bridges or leave a bad impression. You likely will work for them again, or at least the same people.

- No need to work late/weekends, you are paid for the work you do, not to impress for a promotion. .

Bad bits:

- Pressure to find the next contract. It eases off as you build a bigger network of past clients and coworkers etc. I'm not concerned about that anymore but was the first few years.

- Extra paperwork. I have a near automated online accountant, but I still got to click the odd approval, and export bank statements, find insurance, sign contracts etc.

- Contract recruiters are the worst. It is their job to squeeze you not the client.

- Less startup contracts, more enterprise.

But in my experience contracting only works in a big market such as London. Or more accurate it works better in big markets with a big demand for skills that I/you have. I am not sure I could be a contractor in smaller markets where you would depend on remote contracts and an established wide network of clients already.

Also, remember to build a few months war chest before you start. And able to cut expenses if you need some bench time.

Ps. don't call it freelancing, unless you are a designer and then only if you really love the term.
3.7 (or maybe even 3.8) support will start as soon as we can have a "final" 3.6 - which might be couple months from now. I think 3.7 won't be done in 2019, unless some magic source of funding pops up.
Chaotic Swirls and the Duffing Equation
I feel like it is a very "physics" motivated approach to at least "investigating" this theorem. Calculating probabilities is a line of thinking Feynman would be familiar with (quantum mechanics). Physics is often responsible for mathematical development, while they are different, they complement each other. It's nice to see different perspectives, and how ideas are connected.
Yes, that was the point of the analogy.
Sounds interesting, but not sure what you mean by:

> you'll discover that there will always be a gap if you try and combine two odd number series together

Can you elaborate?
> If Chris wants to use the language he created in this new endeavor for machine learning simply because he made it, that's totally fine and completely his prerogative, but he should just say so, rather than trying (and failing) to convince people that other languages aren't better suited for this task.

Do you have any insider knowledge that Chris Lattner had the unilateral power to choose Swift for this project? I would imagine with the importance of TensorFlow at Google, the decision to go in this direction had to be agreed on by a number of people.

> The learning curve of Rust should not be relevant here, compared to Swift, which is also full of idiosyncrasies. Swift and Rust both have a large learning curve for someone coming from Python.

How exactly would Rust-Python interoperability work? Swift for Tensor Flow allows any python library to be called like a native library in Swift. Could you do that in Rust?
Wtf is an SPA?
That's not a particular problem for e-voting. I don't see a concrete reason why there should be an enhanced risk for manipulation just because you transmit your vote via the internet instead of sending it by letter or visiting the polling station. I rather see an opportunity for the voter to verify that the vote has been correctly carried depending on the implementation of the e-voting system. But for that I still need a closer look into the details of this system (which I will do as it concern myself).

At the moment I see the project quite positive. For example in Germany they used a closed sourced software called "PC Wahl" and the ccc had quite some difficulties to get the source code. And when they got it the catastrophe just began. The software included such funny things like a 1 byte (sic!) hash as checksum. Then it had a weird encryption created by the guy who coded the software, which wouldn't even met 80's standards. Also the software was distributed via a cheap, hosted web server with the login credentials "test" "test" (sic!) and there wasn't any signatures for the updates nor for the transmitted results. To see the hole catastrophe you can watch "PC Wahl Hack" with Linus Neumann. It's quite funny especially when you hear that the software company (from that one guy who coded it since the 90s) was sold for about 1 Mio. €.
Having more money gives the option to spend it or save it. When you make $40,000, you don’t really have the option to save much compared to people making $100,000.
I found it scary. I quit my job and became a freelancer without having a paying client. That was not the best path, but my job was on a yearly schedule. It was the choice between doing another year or quitting. I quit (because of various reasons). The first two months I did not have income, no paying clients and just a vague plan of what I could offer clients. Not very comfortable.

Background: I'm a product manager, but also did front-end development, business development, performance marketing and coaching in the past. So, in theory I could do lots of things, but product management was the thing I wanted to do.

The scariest part of becoming a freelancer for me was getting clients. I had build up quite a network in the startups and tech companies in my city (Netherlands) and that helped in getting my first client. Actually, the deadline of me quitting my job also helped in really taking the step.

In terms of advice, I think it best to be determined to start as a freelancer and put serious effort in the transition between full-time job and freelancer. Some things that help:
- have some savings to have a financial buffer when you don't have a paying client
- be clear in what you will offer and be clear in your availability. You can then use this to talk to your network, for example: I will be doing front-end development (React and React Native) from March.
- having your first paying client before you actually quit your job

If you doubt about who to talk to, you can first just talk to people you know (remember: be very specific in what you can offer as a freelancer). Sometimes you can get clients in unexpected ways, from people you don't expect. If you have the idea that you don't know enough people, try to come into contact with people that are doing the same as you and already have some experience freelancing. If talking to people and networking does not get you further, maybe there are agencies that can get you clients (for a fee). Good luck!
Off topic: why doesn't HN support LaTeX?
This isn't a proof.
A “modern generation” Android phone that is half the price of an iPhone would be much slower. The 6s from 2015 was faster than the flagship Galaxy S8 in single core performance.

Also, that Android phone you buy will stop getting updates in 18 months if you’re lucky. The iPhone 5s from 2013 is still running the latest OS.
I understand business people having this kind of mentality, but don't they realize that it can create resentment?

I've gone out of my way to cancel (and permanently ignore) certain services in the past when I discovered how difficult it was to cancel (and port my data).
The key phrase on the article is this one:

> Radiation exposure in the trial was well above the levels most humans would experience

I don't think anybody ever denies that large intensity microwave signals are harmful. This fact looks evident and undeniable after examining some meat exposed to a microwave oven.
Single-Page-Application

IE. Purely JS driven, no browser-page loads after the initial page has loaded.
Chinese bamboo weaving master makes bamboo QR code – Mpelembe Wire
Not according to these statistics in the US.

https://deviceatlas.com/blog/android-v-ios-market-share
A task you didn't know could be done with pure JS (or maybe you did, congratulations)... https://linuxontheweb.org/desk.os
I was pulled off an Ethiad flight in Abu Dhabi back in 2011. They gave be a night in a 4-star hotel, 3 free meals and $300 in credit which never got used.

They were asking everyone and most people refused. I should have bartered harder to get an upgrade to business.
Would you be able to give me more details on that program? That's something I'd be really interested in pursuing!
> It's 20th century and we will never forget.

You mean Japanese in WW II? Bear in mind that generally, regardless of the country, being raised as overly patriotic equals to being brainwashed by educational system into lies and selective semi-truths about your history, the politics and what is actually happening in the world. Makes a good army of obedient robots, but not much more. In long term, it screws up given nation/group of people since reality will eventually bite back.
> It makes me think of it like a video game. I can choose when and how much I want to spend in fun stuff and how much on "grinding."

Exactly.
Do you really believe that:

(a) This constitutes a proof;

(b) This is the "proof" that Fermat had;

(c) Mathematicians missed this for over 350 year?

I'm not quite sure exactly what you are claiming.
Well it worked. Kind of.

What a lot of developers need to understand is that HTML shouldn't be use for layout. HTML should be use for semantic and information structure.
This is just a collection of published maximum SAR values. The FCC has an excellent article [1] about the reasons why these numbers are completely unsuitable to estimate radiation exposure a user receives from a particular phone model.

[1] https://www.fcc.gov/consumers/guides/specific-absorption-rat...
being on the hunt says nothing about one's freedom :D
Apple is not just chasing luxury, they’re chasing tech as fashion.

They realized that when people carry their tech with them all the time it becomes fashion. That’s why they bought Beats, because it became a huge tech-fashion brand that threatened Apple.

And with fashion people are willing to pay much higher prices.
Single Page App. Simply: the application is loaded once when you navigate to the page and more ajax calls are used to retrieve data, perform actions as you use the app.
Single page application. A website where the first request loads the site, and most/all subsequent clicks make http requests in the background without reloading the whole page, and then update the content using JavaScript.
I have to say my experience tracks this too.

A lot of the "modern" toolsets just aren't worth the extra fluff they add.

Writing SPA's in React, Angular, etc. tend to result in a very heavy first page load, then api calls with poor UX for all actions.
> Chinese with higher educations usually look up to western culture and products.

this was probably true 10-15 years ago. rather than some cheap talks purely based on "what I heard" or "what I believe", let's have some quick concrete numbers published [1] by the top Chinese university Tsinghua. In its 2018 annual graduate report, the summary table on page 2 shows that for the total 6,960 students graduated in 2018, 16.5% chose to pursue further studies overseas, while 28.5% chose to continue in Chinese universities for a higher degree.

the most shocking number comes from the table 6 on page 9 - out of the top 25 employers of the 2018 graduates there is only 1 foreign company (Microsoft).

I checked the same reports from the previous few years, the trend is the same.

[1] http://career.tsinghua.edu.cn/publish/career/8155/2018122915...
SPA and react are not the same thing.

React is about components and you can use React in something like NextJS which is not a single page app but a server rendered pages.

Also, SPA itself is getting outdated concept, now most apps are hybrid of initial bundle followed by a dynamically imported modules. Finally, MVC is a pattern for web pages, the complexity in the client side because what is the being shipped to the browsers are a client side apps with their own router, render functions, state management and APIs.
Previously discussed:

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=16041560

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=14940636

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=14355834

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=12018221

... and previously submitted without discussion:

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=17581023

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=15904199