skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
You make it sound like physicists haven't tried looking for alternative explanations.

Faced with our many, varied observations there are two choices: either general relativity is wrong at larger scales, or there's some stuff out there that doesn't interact with light or much of anything else.

Maybe it's a combination of both, but to begin with it's usually a good idea assume the simpler alternative that it's just one of them.

Some physicists are looking at changing general relativity. MOND[1] is just a modification of Newton's law, so while it does reproduce the galaxy rotation curve observations it doesn't really explain anything in the same way GR does, and it's also non-relativistic which is pretty much a showstopper. There are efforts to make a relativistic MOND-like theory, such as TeVeS[2], but so far nothing has stood up. Some have considered that maybe quantum gravitational effects[3] reproduce the dark matter observations, but that approach also seem to have problems.

Your example implies a modification of GR. It appears to be very difficult to modify GR at large scales while conforming to all the observations which validate plain GR. So a good alternative guess is that there's something matter-like out there we can't see. Doing so, physicists have considered MACHOs[4], and they're currently searching for WIMPs[5], sterile neutrinos[6] and axions[7] to name a few candidate particles.

If some new theory comes along which supersedes GR, explains all the things plain GR can while also explaining the dark matter observations, then it would be welcomed and embraced by the physics community. Until then, physicists are looking in the direction they feel is the most promising one.

[1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modified_Newtonian_dynamics
[2]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tensor%E2%80%93vector%E2%80%93...
[3]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entropic_gravity
[4]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Massive_compact_halo_object
[5]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weakly_interacting_massive_par...
[6]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sterile_neutrino
[7]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axion
Bob Cratchit didn't need rhetoric, or soft skills, just the ability to keep Scrooge's records in poor working conditions, and say yes sir. Same for a bookkeeper, rail engineer or mill worker.

Nor in the army or navy, unless commissioned (which was bought before about 1860, so you could be as dysfunctional as you like if you could afford it). Some of the most well known Victorians and Edwardians were pretty eccentric. To a degree that we'd probably find them dysfunctional today. Now we seem to expect a little of everything in everyone.
I actually don't think this is as nefarious as the article makes it out to be. Section 8 housing in SF is basically little pockets of shitty, poorly constructed, slum lord managed ugly buildings. Would I rather have this than tent cities? Perhaps, but I also want to call out that when you think affordable housing, you think teachers, and dish washers, jobs that simply do not pay enough to afford market rate housing. These units are not that.
That's not the entire quote. It starts with:

> Hell, as a one man startup, I write ...

The "Hell," being commonly used as "Hey, even I do it!". In that context, it makes perfect sense: the author is showing their own involvement in what they so lament to demonstrate just how dire they see the situation.

I honestly don't see the incongruity. People are hypocrites. All of us, all the time. If only the morally pure could have meaningful conversations, the only people speaking would be infants.
Part of the reason there are "crazy vagrants" is the government has systematically shifted access and policy in society towards the already wealthy, while the poor and disadvantaged have no alternatives and end up in bad circumstances.

I sympathize with your experience, but if I had to count the number of times I've had bad encounters with bad drivers vs. the times with bad commuters on public transit, it doesn't come close. I submit it's very possible that you're underestimating the negativity with cars because you've normalized it. For example, the statistics bare out that cars are amongst the most deadly thing in America but people ignore it as a problem compared to say gun violence which is a political hot topic.
Well, while I'd both disagree with "hard problem" arguments and not see them as interesting, at least "hard problem" proponents will say directly there's some magic in humans that a computer can't have. Indeed, the "philosophical zombie" idea shows the magic is so transcendent that no evidence can determine whether a person has the magic (of qualia) or whether they are a dreaded Zombie.

In contrast, the Chinese Room argument jumps between "hard problem" metaphysics and the appearance of a materialistic perspective.
I've used this before which fits your bill: https://clipperz.is.

Quite an interesting app and you can download and offline copy of your notes too.
I think the tyre pressure warning light is rather useful. Sometimes there's just nothing noticeable until that light comes on and you examine your tyre to find its deformed (heavy load and very hot) to the point of nearly bursting on a motorway at 70mph.
I applaud your creativity Ken! However, this concept has been explored before, and in fact, you could think of U2F tokens as devices with private keys.

We've already gone through a number of solutions, and regardless of the tech you built, this is just another example of an app-approval flow. Twitter & Facebook allow you to approve logins from already approved apps, and while their underlying tech is different from yours — your server can still change the tech maliciously.

For a brilliant app idea, see Kryptonite[1]. It lets you install a browser add-on that pretends to be a U2F key, but the private keys are stored in your phone's secure key storage (Keystore for Android & Secure Enclave for iOS). The experience is similar to what I assume your approval from a phone would be, but it works on all website that support U2F.

For your own site, I'd recommend using U2F tokens and TOTP + OTP keys, they're considered really good solutions, and while SMS is considered bad — it's still better than no 2FA. Please see the post by Troy Hunt[0] on 2FA from late last year. It covers more than I possibly could.

Sorry for the negative critique, but I'm sure you'll build something great next time ;) Instagram was first launched as a Foursquare clone[3]

[0]: https://www.troyhunt.com/beyond-passwords-2fa-u2f-and-google...

[1]: https://krypt.co/

[3]: https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2014/07/insta...
It's a good start. However, some dithering options, even a simple Floyd-Steinberg implementation, would probably help improve the quality a bit. This is a tool I wrote a while back that does a similar thing and there are output examples at the bottom off the classic Lena image which can give you an idea of the difference: https://www.floodgap.com/software/ppmascii/
The article does describe the phenomenon you're taking away, but Rosin's take is much more nuanced than "this simply spreads crime around." For example:

"Physically redistributing the poor was probably necessary; generations of them were floundering in the high-rises. But instead of coaching them and then carefully spreading them out among many more-affluent neighborhoods, most cities gave them vouchers and told them to move in a rush, with no support."
>Imagine if you can randomly jumble up code and still have a reasonable outcome.

Ray's Tierra (early 1990s) was a fascinating experiment with this. Its DNA are little assembler-like programs telling the 'creatures' how to reproduce, how to copy their genes. Many kinds of parasites evolved. I believe no-one had tried randomly mutating genetic info like that before Tierra.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tierra_(computer_simulation)

http://life.ou.edu/pubs/doc/index.html#What

I recommend Sapolsky's Biology of Human Behavior course - accessible to beginners, it goes into a lot of detail about DNA, genes, the brain, emotions, sexual selection, evolution, and the many other levels involved in animal and human behaviour.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NNnIGh9g6fA&list=PL848F2368C...
Could someone more familiar with the subject and vernacular provide some sort of summary of what this is trying to say? I've read it two or three times and I still can't work out the point being made.

If any.
This feels vaguely like a homegrown version of webauthn, but without any of the niceties of having the browser enforcing origin protections and ensuring the credential isn’t lost if cookies/local storage are cleared.
I think the most interesting this here is the multiple steps of 'fighting with the compiler', being illustrated on a case we know up front is actually a bad idea.
Most of the time we need to go through all those steps to realize that oh, this actually didn't make much sense in the first place. Which doesn't always feel that rewarding...
Interesting you picked on two Scottish inventions. Given that Bell founded AT&T, the invention of telephony being a US thing is at least debatable: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_Graham_Bell . TV was a bit more British ... (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Logie_Baird)
It is, because the term 'understanding' is not defined in a useful manner. What does it mean to understand something? If you can ever define it, I can bet I can make a machine satisfy your definition. What the argument does here is to simply avoid the definition, so that it cannot be disproved.
Why use the alternative when here we are on the perfectly fine original?

Maybe it can't grow because it's an unnecessary and inferior substitute. I don't mean to sound harsh but if it's difficult to gain traction there's likely a reason.

Which gets to the main point of the original article: you can't 'growth hack' a product that has no market from which to grow from.

Build something people find valuable and it will grow is the only "hack" that truly works.
Bored kids who are always bored and have no outlets to stem that boredom often get into trouble. I think that's pretty well known and correlated. It's a picture that's been seen in countless deprived areas. Some will make their own outlets that might include drink or crime. Others will make their own constructive outlets.

I doubt that degree of chance is what anyone is advocating. Instead a little dead time, or space to be bored every day or two is often the spark for something creative. Make a Lego model, draw a picture, go out on bikes for an hour, kick a football round the back garden, etc etc.
Yup and I frequently used them as such. Of course these days that seems tame, but there was a time when the printed word probably spelled the downfall of society for some group too.
Similar story when I was at college (UK meaning) (late 90s).

Final project was an inventory system for a company.

Mine was a RDBMS backed system that implemented proper stock control with parent/child SKU handling etc (I went to the library and checked out books on inventory control) and was fully documented (180 pages of documentation) and a full user manual with a FAQ.

I thought that was what professional programmers did...man was I in for a shock when I hit industry.
Kurzweil had a nice end-run around this problem. It doesn't matter whether the machine is sentient/intelligent/understands/etc. It matters whether the machine can convince humans that it is doing these things. There is of course still room for skepticism, as a researcher could uncover new, testable ways in which the machine isn't actually living up to our definition of any of these concepts. But if all that is left to decide the question is the way in which the thing doing the convincing happens to be implemented, then you're in the land of xenophobia to claim that as a determining factor.

AFAICT this is one step further than the Turing test which is blind (or perhaps double blind). In this test the human starts interacting with something that is clearly a machine, then comes away convinced that the machine possesses non-machine qualities like sentience, a soul, etc. I don't remember Kurzweil addressing whether the machine itself would argue this on its own behalf, but that seems likely.

Edit: clarification
Before that happen, it will probably be cheaper to buy water from poorer countries, which will destabilize those regions (locals won't be able to buy their own water), and thus start war.
The older captcha with words was for the digitization of books. It helped in the Google Books, and Internet Archive projects notably.

https://cogdogblog.com/2013/12/recaptcha-all-the-books/

The current one helps in identifying and navigating streets, useful for maps and autonomous driving.

https://techcrunch.com/2012/03/29/google-now-using-recaptcha...

You'll notice that recaptcha always has a direct effect on current projects of Google/Alphabet: Google Books, Google Maps, Waymo.
Looking to search all the tweets by a user of Twitter.

Edit: thank you sir for the link below.
For those who don't know, Andy was one of the early growth hacker leads at FB & Twitter.
I’d say that SaaS just is a lot harder than we often expect and that more than 50% of the effort is not product related.

It’s like building a car that has amazing peripherals but no engine each time and wondering why it doesn’t go.

Unfortunately product in reality is moreso the peripheral and less so the engine.

Didn’t build it and they still came is a thing.

Build it and they didn’t come is a thing.
No, ceramic sol-gel coatings contain no PTFE. Fluorinated chemicals are not involved in any way. There are many ceramic coatings used in cookware: Greblon CK, made by Weilburger, Thermolon/Zwilling Sol; Fusion, made by Whitford; Ceralon and Xeradur made by ILAG; Duraceram made by GMM. You can see specs for all of these at the manufacturers' websites.
That's still completely opensource to me. It's just not Libre software as Richard Stallman would put it. I still think it's an attractive option for a lot of software and wouldn't deteur many users, as most people wouldn't even think of reselling it.
I’m curious to know what benefits accrue from sending the user’s private key over the wire (even encrypted). It seems a strange concept, at odds with ephemeral key usage.
All of that is sadly true. And as citizens we have zero recourse. Not sure what the future holds for basic human rights and liberty.
A book makes you use your own imagination. Video games take the bulk of that work away from you so it's easier initially but imagination can easily outdo the games in the medium to long term (if you persevere)
There's some movement towards modification of Prop 13 [1]. As I understand it, the proposal would lift Prop 13 on commercial properties only. Residential properties would continue as now. It's claimed this would bring in an additional $11B+ in tax revenue.

On a brief search, I didn't find an estimate for revenue increase if Prop 13 were abolished. I'd guess it would be at least as much as the proposed commercial-specific mod.

My Prop 13 anecdote: a neighbor who bought a 3BR house on 0.8 acre in the 1950s pays less in annual property taxes than I do on one month's utility bills. I'm fine with that, she's pushing 100 and probably wouldn't be able to stay home without Prop 13.

Meantime, a 1940s 3BR house on a 0.35 acre lot right across the street from her sold for $2.9 million last December. Anecdotal, but suggests the potential magnitude of tax revenue change if Prop 13 were entirely removed.

[1] http://nymag.com/intelligencer/2018/08/california-to-vote-on...
From my understanding desalination plants create a lot of waste that is not being processed. More plants, more waste.
Robot killer for hire. Will work for food.
“You’re trying to analyze raising children scientifically, and I think that’s impossible.”

You lost me already. You are flippantly dismissing everyone in developmental psychology and related fields with no justification.
I have done software for embedded systems for a while, often in collaboration with others. So mostly work comes though this network of collaborators - I let them know that I can now solve problems that involved machine learning as well.
Event Sourcing is Hard
Honestly, I'm finding Google's captchas quite difficult of late because its Americanised. It asks me to identify crosswalks (oh.. pedestrian crossings, I thought you meant the pavement), find traffic lights (I don't traditionally expect them to be above the road or on motorways), or identify storefronts which are not always clear, maybe because I lack the cultural context.

And I'm from a major Western European city, which is about the closest I can get to American culture without being not, I wonder if they present the same captchas if they think you're from rural China or Uganda.
Well, they absolutely do work. They work so well that they've reduced bot actions by almost 100% on our sites.
We wouldn't use Recaptcha if there wasn't abuse on the internet. But, unfortunately, there is. There is a sobering amount of it.
I'm actually curious about all these posts suggesting that websites use Recaptcha for no real reason or for some trivial reason. To me, it suggests a massive misunderstanding that people have about the internet.

Or we’ve just managed to notice that CAPTCHAs don’t seem to keep millions of bots, spammers, dummy accounts, shills, etc off the net. I’m glad you’re having such perceived success, but it’s not a universal phenomenon.
That's a good point. But I wouldn't classify the water usage label as "penalizing". It's more, um, informational. So if you're in CA, you might set an ideal "virtual water budget" for yourself (100 kl/mo for example), but if you're in VA, your ideal could be several times that.
Matrices are a big memory cost. I would suggest to use Maps instead to maintain constant time operations.
> ...when you have no idea whether that's true

I was referring to whether it's true that it's a lie or not, not whether the claim is true or not. I seem to have not made that clear enough, sorry for that.

If someone says something false but they believe it's true, that's not lying. On the other hand, if someone says something true but they believe it's false, that is lying. Whether what they're saying is actually true or false is irrelevant to whether they're lying. Lying is saying something different to what you believe, with intent to deceive.[0] It's about a difference between what you say and what you believe. I think getting things wrong is a lot more common than lying on this planet, and labelling every getting-wrong of things a 'lie' should be considered harmful. Getting things wrong is natural, unavoidable, 'innocent' - lying is not.

[0] Or something like that - trying to make precise definitions is hard and not so useful.
Ceramic pans unfortunately get sticky with age. My Zwilling J. A. Henckels pans [1] were amazing the first year or so, and then they started to get worse. Now I can no longer cook eggs in them -- complete mess. They're fine for plenty of things, like sauces and vegetables, but not eggs, crêpes, omelets or anything that needs a non-stick surface.

This is unfortunate, because the ceramic process doesn't use PFAs like PFOA, and they don't use PTFEs. Some people claim you can preserve ceramics' non-stickiness by not using oil, but I have my doubts. The short lifespan of ceramics is a pretty common complaint. From what I can tell, there's no way to get the non-stick back -- scrubbing the coating only makes it worse.

[1] https://www.crateandbarrel.com/zwilling-j.a.-henckels-vistac...
Deep Learning is currently an empirical science guided by intuition of practitioners. A main principle in experimental sciences is that a theory without predictive power is not considered a full-fledged theory. As such, unless they are interesting predictions coming from their theory (rather than only barely justifying existing empirically observed phenomena), this is just speculative theory that I would not use the phrase "Foundations Built" for.

As an example of this general litmus test for a theory see e.g. Eddington's confirmation of GR: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tests_of_general_relativity#De... . If there are hitherto unknown phenomena in DL predicted by this theory then I'd stand corrected and concede that there may be something to these theories.
When my family went through hard times in High School our internet was cut. Basically every interest I had was pulled out from under me (gaming). I ended up going to the local library during this time after months of crushing boredom and reading a lot of books like the CompTIA Linux, CEH, random programming books.

I always wonder what I would be like if I didn't go through this phase at such a crucial time. It refocused me right before college and let me explore things that would otherwise have been boring.

Now that I'm doing well I can't find the same focus for things I want to learn because of all the other luxuries I have.

I can't imagine how kids that don't struggle like I did will gain that sort of clarity. Of course there are those who will just want to do those things, but I would argue that is the minority.
The Comedian's Comedian podcast (http://www.comedianscomedian.com/) is another take on exactly that: comedians talking about their craft. The guests come from all over the world, but the host (Stuart Goldsmith) is English and so it skews a bit more in that direction. Recommended guests depend on your taste, but I think most people would find the Stewart Lee episode interesting. The Jimmy Carr episode was also very enjoyable -- surprisingly so to me, as I always considered his standup rather cynical, crude, mean-spirited. Getting a peek behind the curtain changed my perspective a bit. Of recent episodes, my favourite was probably the one with (Finnish stand-up comedian) Ismo.

A couple of others that half-qualify:

* Adam Buxton's podcast is much sillier and more of a banter/chat show, but a lot of his guests are comedians so they sometimes cover similar ground.

* Richard Herring (Leicester Square Theatre Podcast) is at least as silly as Buxton and much cruder, but again, many of his guests are comedians and occasionally the conversation is surprisingly insightful.
That's right. And if anything else happens on the connection (like a renegotiation) then it is just punted back to userspace.
Getting replaced by a robot is a greater fear than I've ever anticipated. I've once build https://www.replacedbyrobot.info/ for fun. It turns out, the basic version back then got visited a couple of hundred, if not thousand times per day. I've since then built a more useful interface, and the traffic just increases day by day. I've even got interviewed by Vice once about the page.
Okay, and what if someone wants to cross-compile?
It is a personal belief, coming from someone who played a lot of DotA2 and not as much chess.

I think there’s more value to cold calculated strategies in a simple ruleset than to spur of the moment reactions in a dynamic environment.

Then again, I was never a good DotA2 player. Maybe there’s an element I missed that’s closer to chess.
When was the last time you used self checkout? I haven't seen this problem in years. Older systems had this problem but it has been fixed for a while.
> It was a competitor to bunk1.com but I couldn't get any camps to sign up to it because I was crap at sales.

So you just stopped there? Moved onto coding something else, because rather than get better at something you're crap at, it's comforting to do something you're good at (more coding)

There's your problem.