skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
"Among the top 100 words mentioned, those related to knowledge-based systems—like “logic,” “constraint,” and “rule”—saw the greatest decline. Those related to machine learning—like “data,” “network,” and “performance”—saw the highest growth."

If you couldn't guess by the fact they "analyzed" thousands of papers, all they did was word counting. This doesn't tell you where AI is going, it only tells you where it already is. "Neural Network" of course has had a large increase over the last few years too.

If you want to know where AI is heading, you already know where to look just by reading a few news articles on recent AI breakthroughs (e.g. from DeepMind).

At the end, they mention "reinforcement learning" as well as having gained momentum, but end the article with roughly the sentiment that the author has no clue what the next thing in AI is after the current trend.

If they had applied ML or AI techniques in trying to guess, instead of word counting, that would at least be an interesting article.
It's ambiguous indeed which again reinforces my point. The fact that you can issue several commands at once to be executed in order is strange for REST. And the REST definition also includes using common operations (GET/POST/PUT/etc if using HTTP) and this has invented it's own set that's specific to only this one API. So my read is that they're saying "we're actually more REST than a lot of things around but don't consider ourselves that".

>The "very loose definitions" largely stem from the encoding, not the modeling.

Sure, but the fact that we don't have strict definitions for common encodings means that you then have a discussion on it every time. It would be nice to have Standard A, that defines a common way to encode a common type of REST API (HTTP/JSON/etc) and we can just say our software uses that and REST is implied. Instead we get a situation where JSON-over-HTTP is perceived as being REST when it actually fails as a test in both ways. Some things are REST and don't use JSON or HTTP and some things are not REST and still use JSON and HTTP.
>You can't sell the platform if it's heavily integrated.

Do you think lawmakers care? There is a fair bit of public goodwill for acting against big evil intl tax evading tech companies...so I think they actually could force this.
For those curious how to create the "virtual head" in C:

struct entry { int value; entry * next; };

entry * head = NULL;
void remove_entry(entry *target) {
long offset = (long)&((entry*)0)->next;
entry * curr = (entry*)((long)&head - offset);

while (curr->next != target)
curr = curr->next;

curr->next = target->next;
}

But I'm not sure how portable that is. It is portable if the next pointer is the first member of the struct though. From 6.7.2.1.13 in the C99 standard:

>A pointer to a structure object, suitably converted, points to its initial member

struct entry { entry * next; int value; };
...
// virtual entry where &(curr->next) = &head
entry * curr = (entry*)&head;

Note that it's exactly the same logic as the grandparent since

*curr = curr->next

indirect = curr
*indirect = *curr
*indirect = curr->next
indirect = &(curr->next)

But, I think that the virtual head entry is an easier mental model.

C99 standard: http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/WG14/www/docs/n1256.pdf
Don't know which other's you're referring to?
Guns? War on Drugs? Prisons? Health Care? Public Transport?
You're on HN, do you think you're saying anything we all don't know to be technically true?
I can't help but wonder what impact this is going to have years or decades in to the future.

The government has had a hard time as it is to keep positions filled as they are competing with better pay in the private sector. Who would ever want to work for the government if whether or not you're getting paid is constantly up in the air.
No offense, but functionally like that shows up in school assignments and billion dollar companies back ends. However, it’s easy for even that simple idea to end up being something like: Item.FinalPrice = Item.BasePrice * CalculateModifier(Item.ItemCode, Item.OrderContext); Which sacrificed understanding for elegance.

Sure, the functionality to find that SalesTax number might take tens of thousands of hours to create and cover a multitude of egde cases. Still with proper context, structure, naming conventions, etc the why’s should be clear. If your thinking “The exceptions function adjusts for tax holidays. So of course it needs to get exceptions based on location and the order date, and then it needs each items metadata etc” then that’s a great sign.

Elegant code is elegant when it encapsulates the why’s not just the how’s.
I commend you for being motivated but this doesn't match the actual facts.

President Trump has not vetoed a single bill during his term of office thus far. Go look this up if you do not believe me. Please see spurcell93's sibling comment to yours in this thread.
”With software, commercialization costs "nothing””

So, I invent a method that dramatically improves search engines. How do I commercialize it for “nothing”, if I’m not one of the few companies with access to a huge data set, and cannot protect my invention with patents?
This, I feel, is an underrated observation.

Critically think about the ripple effect of this situation:

1. It is clearly political shenanigans without a doubt, but;

2. Does this peal back the wool from the fact that, just maybe, we don't need this many government employees?

3. Reveals that senators who are both millionaires and still receiving pay, don't actually have your interests in mind

4. That taxes are wasted and a joke with respect to how they are implemented / allocated

5. that our security infrsastructure sold to us in the trillions is a 2-paycheck fragile sham (TSA) -- but the actual safety (Air Traffick Control) is in the same bucket?

6. That the media's only value is kvetching on the political bullshit of the literal moment (meaning: They teach nothing - only commentary)

7. the USA is a fealty based system beholden to literally a few hundred oligarchs

8. People have no recourse upstream.

9. People are apathetic to the entire display.
Particularly in hot climates there's concern both around battery performance and actual range. Practically speaking you need to factor in climate control use when driving, which lowers range.
WAP was introduced in 1999, and m.example.com (or .mobi ones; introduced in 2005) style sites existed before the iPhone as well for use on Blackberries and the like.

Things exploded quite a bit post-iPhone, but it's a mistake to say they didn't exist at all.
Chris Lattner has commented on the OP:

-----

Disclaimer: I'm not an apple employee and not am not lawyer, this is just my understanding of the situation having spent lots of time talking to lawyers and other experts about this:

I agree with much of the sentiment that software patents are often silly and the system is broken in many ways. This patent is a reasonable example of that (patenting syntactic sugar for monads, really?). I have no idea if there is prior art, but I wouldn't be surprised. For sake of discussion, lets assume the patent is valid.

Even if I and others don't like it, the software patent system exists. As is pointed out upthread, one of the major reasons that Swift uses the Apache 2 license is to provide more certainty for the community w.r.t. licensing and patents. An additional bonus of the Apache 2 license is that the open source project as a whole benefits from companies having and contributing their patents under the terms of the license: to say more directly, it is good for the Swift project that Apple has this patent and has contributed it to the project.

The reason for this is the Apache patent revocation clause 1, the end of bullet 3:

>If You institute patent litigation against any entity (including a cross-claim or counterclaim
in a lawsuit) alleging that the Work or a Contribution incorporated within the Work constitutes
direct or contributory patent infringement, then any patent licenses granted to You under this
License for that Work shall terminate as of the date such litigation is filed.

This basically says that if someone sues someone else over Swift then they lose access to the patents contributed to the project, and are therefore subject to countersuits. This is a significant part of the protection that the Apache license provides (it is a big deterent to lawsuits in general) but it only has teeth if there are actually patents in play!

The LLVM.org community is actively working on a multi-year relicensing effort specifically to achieve these sorts of projects for LLVM as well.

-Chris

-----

Am I misreading this to mean that if Apple sues someone for infringement over the patents they have been granted, they immediately lose those patents?
Indeed, and obvious which are the fancy ones with the v8 without needing to hear it start.
From what I understand, Windows 10 is permeated with ads and tracking, and plenty of people use that. Moreover, Android, which is made by Google, is pretty widely used.
"Internet communicator"
In other words, O(n), not O(1).

> technically O(n) but trivial

"Technically" O(n) is the only O(n). There isn't some widespread colloquial use of Big O notation where O(n) means something else. Whether it's trivial is beside the point, but for a large n, O(n) in both time and space can be prohibitive, and it may become important that I don't use such an algorithm. For example, if I have 8 GB of data and 12 GB of working memory I can't satisfy those space requirements.

> and O(1) for the common case if it's implemented with vector instructions)

What is the common case in your view? memcpy in the general case is O(n). That you can perform multiple copies in parallel might affect the real time, but it doesn't affect the time complexity because O(kn) = O(n) for a constant k even if that k = 1/16 or however many copies you can perform at once.

> plus in any event the sums-of-neighbors method has to be at least O(n) on an idealized Von Neumann machine because it must read every element of the source array and also write every element of the destination.

O(3n) = O(2n) = O(n)
> Are people who showed up at work will get paid for those past weeks?

Employees of the federal government will get back pay, at least according to the NYT and others. However, they aren’t currently eligible to collect any sort of unemployment (because they’re technically “working”), and contractors who work with the government aren’t guaranteed back pay.
Will it not still have keylogging telemetry though, at least while using the app?
> In a real business, the finance department and the CEO wouldn't be locking horns over what to use company money for and it would never block payroll.

(1) Congress is more like a board of directors than a finance department.

(2) Internal issues would never be allowed to block payroll except in the most extreme cases in a normal business because there is an external actor, the government, which will impose severe consequences for that. A business operating in an environment without that external force would not be unlikely to delay payroll.
> US government shutdowns (especially extended ones) are rare events

Sorry but no. I worked for the government for 9 years and went through four shutdowns. I'd hardly call that rare. On NPR this morning they were interviewing people who said the same thing (so it's not just me). I was also not one of the lucky ones that got furloughed. When I was there a lot of people loved shutdowns because it was free vacation time. They knew they'd get backpay. The only thing they couldn't do was go out of town since any day they could be called back.

> This is not something most of them would have considered when signing on.

True.

> Government employees are, on the whole, underpaid for the sort of work they do compared to private sector equivalents (or where their expertise could be used if not the same job). The primary benefit has been the stability and pension system, both of which are being challenged in recent years.

Debatable. The government is a huge industry, and over-generalizing like that is impossible to do while maintaining any level of accuracy. Remember to include benefits as well as paycheck in your analysis.
If this country was actually run like a business with that much debt, a good CEO would reduce it in size. IMO that is exactly whats happening.
Yes for linear algebra, though it's probably best suited to people with at least some exposure to matrix/vector math (for example you've used SVD but have no idea how or why it works): https://www.fast.ai/2017/07/17/num-lin-alg/

For probability, machine learning is more about statistics (the two are related, but courses explicitly about probability will cover different things), so I would lean towards that. An Introduction to Statistical Learning in R (ISLR) is a frequently recommended book. You can ignore the R and do the exercises in Python.

If you actually want to learn about probability, you can look at MIT's course: https://ocw.mit.edu/resources/res-6-012-introduction-to-prob...

EDIT: If you've never been exposed to calculus, many people swear by Khan Academy's videos.
Would you rather use one made by a company that patents language features?
From no more than the 15 comments posted I'm able to establish that:

1. This component is very high quality and already in use by major businesses: New York Times, The Guardian, Zoho...

2. This component is shepherded by a developer who is very well regarded in the open source community.

3. That developer has only received ~ 50% of his monthly target of Eur 5k.

Something doesn't add up.
As a mexican living in the US couldn't agree more.

Need an ultra sound? Wait for 3-4 weeks. Want an MRI? Wait for 2-3 months.

Why can't I get immediate care when I need it without having to step on the emergency room and pay (probably) thousand(s) USD?
>So they could have brought it up but chose not to

They couldn't have. It requires 2/3 of both houses. Democrats never had anywhere near that many seats.
Novichok attack board game 'Our Guys in Salisbury' on sale in Russia
You can't copyright something as simple as a number or tag names.
Just ordered "Show Stopper" now and started reading it, looks like a great read so far.
Or dynamic IP's yup! Public proxies have to be "fresh", I personnally use some private + public that were just scraped.
Are there anti-monopsony laws like there are anti-monopoly laws?
The picture is of the Mexican side of the crossing.
I am from Central Europe and I opt for a private doctor (meaning I pay for all of it) and while it is insanely cheaper here compared to the US trust me that the "free healthcare" is a myth in a sense it is not a silver bullet.
Read the claims section. That is what this patent protects.
> You know, they can see the metadata. When's the last time we had problems with metadata? The POTS network? Yep.

Yes, metadata is a problem, particularly with calls. However, Signal recently added the sealed sender (https://signal.org/blog/sealed-sender/) feature which makes the server blind to who the sender of a message is.

> And you're indeed right the client has reproducible builds. But the server side certainly doesn't.

That's true, but the server side is much less important when it comes to cryptographic assurances.

Signal is definitely not a panacea, but by many counts it's better than anything else that currently exists and has any semblance to something a typical user can use.
Hey, Vincent (author of article) here! Indeed it's a fine line, but ORMs give you objects with methods that allow you to modify or further query the database, like User.save() or User.objects.find(). This is for me the distinction, and in Storex you get data objects back, but all the manipulation happens through one object, the StorageManager.
> There's also a lot of evidence that burning through loads of energy will reduce your life span. Eating less is always better than trying to burn more.

I would think that it is highly dependent on what you're burning the energy for... Surely if you eat more to maintain a fit body/lifestyle, it is likely to have a more positive effect on lifespan compared to eating less and living a more sedentary life?

Of course, an optimal balance needs to be struck between the two, but I am very curious on what the research says about this balance.
Debate about the semantics of "American" lacks substance; there are broadly understood contexts in which "America" refers to the USA. E.g. the 'A' in ASCII or ANSI, "anti-American sentiment" (not aimed at Mexicans at all) and such. Trump's "Make America great!" isn't understood as "make all of North, Central and South America great". This "America == USA" synecdoche is international; it transcends cultures and appears in many languages, not only English.
At the very least, Signal notifies on rekeying and in both the desktop and Android versions it doesn't appear to be changeable.
So we should watch these newer ones instead of the older ones?
Federal law does not recognize members-only unions.
Where is the disrespect?
keybase does! https://keybase.io/
Is there anything stopping the airlines from agreeing to pay ATC salaries temporarily in order to avoid flight disruption?
Ask HN: How to create searchable/hireable profile on LinkedIn
I'm looking for ways to make my linkedin profile easily discoverable, attractive to potential recruiters or person of interest.

Like what to put in Headline, profile summary or if have any experience, how to write it in a way understandable to non technical people like recruiters etc.

Any help more geared towards Software developer about super helpful :)
"Two months later the law changed adding a new special case somewhere deep inside."

Time for a DSL and a compiler from the DSL to a truth table! :)
> Of course, I wouldn't hesitate to blame Democrats - they had the house and senate in 2008-2010 and chose not to go about abolishing the electoral college

A majority in the House and Senate isn't even enough to propose an amendment to do that, much less to actually do it.
He didn't want us to use Macs the way we do either. The Mac's spiritual predecessor, the Lisa, originally came with an office suite and that was it. No third-party application software could be installed. Eventually, alternative OSes (including Unix) and an emulation layer allowing Apple to badge-engineer unsold Lisas as the "Macintosh XL" would change that, but the original concept was fixed functionality that would prevent users from being overwhelmed by too many choices.

Steve had a fondness for completely circumscribed ecosystems and "computers as appliances" which I don't think he ever totally let go of, despite innovation and market demands showing obvious benefits to users being able to expand the capabilities of their own devices.
I don't think they can forfeit the pay for the hours they worked. Employers are required by law to pay for all hours worked at the agreed upon rate. I assume if they quit they'd still be owed that pay and they'd get a check when the government re-opened.
> Public sector employees take the risk of being fired by an administration who decides that unit isn't a priority.

Never happens.
My Brand New Logo – A 3-step logo generator
That position was abandoned not just because it was a mediocre user experience, but also, it actually prevented device lock-in, which is something Jobs obviously craved.

Developers demanded native apps and the “sweet solution” of web apps was derided as being a “shit sandwich” by commentators at the time.

Also, around the same time that the iPhone was introduced, the music industry wanted Apple to license FairPlay. Steve Jobs posted the famous “Thoughts on Music” essay to Apple’s home page saying that if the music industry wanted interoperability, just allow Apple and every other digital music seller to sell DRM free music.
>Maybe the client itself is generating the keypair. In this case, the only issue I can see is the following: when the user wants to communicate with a friend, how can they be sure that the profile they are sending messages to (as displayed by their user interface and communicated by Facebook or Whatsapp or the friend's server) actually do belong to their friend?

That's exactly the point though, how can they be sure in the event that their client (on the author's side) is a trojan? If the "author" client is deliberately compromised, there is no longer any reasonable means of ensuring that the public key the author uses to encrypt the messages is actually equal to the public key the recipient published.

Of course, this point is very much riddled with paranoia: it is exceedingly unlikely that the WhatsApp client deliberately contains such a trojan, especially since there are much easier ways of gaining access to user's messages (such as compromising their firmware with some form of rootkit, possibly installed via the baseband, and then simply sending copies of the local message cache to the NSA).
I am travelling internationally on the 1st and I cannot avoid my trip. Will only be nervous until we cross the US airspace. Moreover, I worry about the upcoming superbowl weekend and the mayhem the airport delays will bring.
Legally workers must be paid for hours they worked.

The only people who might be leaving money on the table if they quit are those who were told not to work. They were promised back pay when they return, but it's unclear what would happen if they do not return.
https://michelbergerhotel.com/en/
I think he's saying that he's used to each program running in its own address space with its own windows all of which appear on a common desktop. Like a Mac or Windows machine today.

While in Smalltalk, Interlisp and Cedar, the language environment controls the entire machine with a common address space so every window is a view into code running (multithreaded) in a single environment. E.g. if you change a smalltalk method every window will immediately start using the updated code.
And a few years after Washington we'd have the current vice president and the former secretary of the treasury engage in a duel to the death! Claiming temperance is what kept our system afloat is probably a bit of a stretch. The American political system is literally designed to be dysfunctional. This is what checks and balances are all about. One clique wants A, one clique wants B. If they can't come to a compromise then nobody gets anything. The idea was to keep the government small and avoid a tyranny of the majority.

What's really changed since then is that government has grown unimaginably larger than the forefathers ever imagined possible, let alone intended. And we've also massively increased the power of various branches. For instance, that the president alone can now unilaterally deploy our military throughout the world is just insane and arguably completely unconstitutional. In any case it completely destroys the entire system of checks and balances that our system, and country, was built and prospered upon.

I'm not entirely sure what you mean by system such as ours failing, nor that our system was kept afloat by tradition. We started a revolution against a heavily centralized mercantalistic monarchical empire to create a decentralized capitalistic democratic republic.
I wish YouTube kept better tabs on what I've watched and not re-recommend them. I especially wish they wouldn't automatically add to the automatic play list videos I've already seen.
Awesome article. So much to unpack.

"People whose survival depends on qualitative “job assessments” by someone of higher rank in an organization cannot be trusted for critical decisions."

This is so true. People stop thinking critically and in my humble opinion, this is the primary differentiator between a good employee and an average one.
How Did CNN Get Footage of Roger Stone’s Arrest? Conspiracy? [video]
They thrown in 'not data mining you' for free though