skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Discriminated unions [1] are what you're looking for here. Contrary to what the article claims, the functions shown are not 100% type safe, because if you define the following:

interface NotActuallyWizard extends Person {
type: PersonType.Wizard;
otherStuff: string;
}

and then write:

const JohnSmith: NotActuallyWizard = {
type: PersonType.Wizard,
name: 'John Smith',
otherStuff: 'whatever',
};

getSpellsForPerson(JohnSmith);

it will pass the type checker (isWizard returns true because it doesn't take into account the possibility that another interface may have a 'type' property of PersonType.Wizard) but the code will fail at runtime.

Instead, you should define the interfaces as follows:

interface PersonBase {
name: string;
}

interface Wizard extends PersonBase {
type: 'Wizard';
spells: string[];
}

interface Muggle extends PersonBase {
type: 'Muggle';
dursley: boolean;
}

type Person = Wizard | Muggle;

then replace the type guards with:

if (person.type !== 'Wizard') {

and

if (person.type !== 'Muggle') {

This will report an error for getSpellsForPerson(JohnSmith) because the compiler knows that (1) the only possibilities for Person are Wizard and Muggle, (2) both have type properties (3) the type properties have distinct literal values, and therefore (4) a Person with a type property of 'Wizard' has must have a spells property and a Person with a type property of 'Muggle' must have a dursley property.

As explained in [1], you can also take advantage of these with switch statements, and the compiler will do an exhaustiveness check so you catch any cases where you add a new type but forget to update one of your switches.

[1] https://basarat.gitbooks.io/typescript/docs/types/discrimina...
It's clearly correlation. A pro will still play at a high level with mouse only, or even keyboard only.

Example keyboard only game: https://youtu.be/cY0d2kHzrxY
I also do it myself. Boop
Flight Sim 4 was the first fight simulator I played. Talk about a blast from the past.
Ask HN: Any breakthrough in NLP in 2018?
As an interested (but amateur) outsider, I think I've seen many exciting developments in NLP in the mid 2010's, such as Word2vec (2013), GRU (2014), SyntaxNet (2016), and its second version, DRAGNN (2017). It almost looked like new ideas were introduced every quarter.

However, I don't remember seeing anything similarly "breakthrough" in the past year. It looks like NLP has moved to the "boring but mature" stage (for now), with bigger datasets and incremental improvements over already known methods.

So, what do you guys think? What would be the most surprising/innovative new ideas on NLP that showed up in 2018 (or late 2017)?
The future is bleak for car companies. Wealth stratification means the upper quartile that used to buy Mercedes, BMW, Lexus, Acura & Audis has shrank to the upper 10%, reducing the pool of buyers that upmarket car makers target.

Meanwhile, the remaining 90% are getting poorer as time goes on, meaning they won't be buying new cars as often (or at all), and they will spend less.

With that in mind, its no wonder the low end of the eBike market is growing. A 52v, 14ah battery (about 8 miles of range without pedaling in hilly Seattle) is $400, and you can build a fine eBike for about $800, less if you buy a used frame & motor/controller.

Said $800 eBike will survive much longer than a $750 car, and with fewer hidden costs (regular maintenance, fuel, tabs, tickets, impound fees, etc). If your poor in suburbia, your no longer stuck with the choice of a sketchy car or an unreliable bus (that provides lifeline, hourly service) and you can make it to your local commuter train/BRT in dedicated lanes in minutes, bypassing traffic and parking issues at park & rides.
All of it.

Basically what I am saying is that if the tech industry doesn't want the risk of future laws ruining their fun then they will have to engage in lobbying just like everyone else.

Sitting back and relying on the politicians to not do anything stupid is, well stupid... Stupid is the default.

In this particular case an advertising campaign is probably the only thing that is going to work, but with an election in the not too distant future, it should be pretty efficient in scaring the politicians into getting rid of the law.
Not necessarily. ML-family languages which compile to JS, like ReasonML, can encode sum types in a variety of ways. (Sum types are essentially type reification because the alternative cases are 'tagged' with names).

Tag encoding can be quite clever. For example, ReasonML's BuckleScript compiler can encode a sum type like this:

type chequeNum = string;
type paymentMethod =
| Cash
| Cheque(chequeNum);

... as the number 0 for the `Cash` case and as a single-element array for the cheque case.

See e.g. https://reasonml.github.io/en/try.html?rrjsx=true&reason=C4T...
This article should shed some light: http://elijames.org/the-two-tiers-of-singapores-tech-compani...
They have no willpower. You are the only person who controls what you eat everyday. If you are in stuck in an office you need to block out time for exercise.

How can there be any other excuse?

I know people who look great and eat entire cakes each day but they do 4 hours of high intensity exercise everyday. I can't do that as I am fundamentally lazy and only exercise/diet for vanity.
Davos tiptoes around the questions of Big Tech governance
Right. The experience so far is that most people find the capability surprising.
A few weeks ago I was in Japan talking about this to a local.

He was shocked and horrified to learn Australians eat kangaroo meat, that it's easily available in any supermarket.

A bit later we asked for cuisine suggestions, and our reaction when he suggested we try horse sashimi was not much different...
> On the doing less side, are there tools for parsing/editing/outputting HTML+CSS rather than a full React integration?

I worked on a thing like that for a long time. I wasn't trying to "draw" HTML and CSS, but rather I wanted a way of building rich and structured content in a natural and visual interface without sacrificing control of the markup. I ended up bogged down because little by little it tried to be a design tool, and I ended up with a complex project that doesn't do any one thing very well.

It's on the back-burner for now, and it may end up open source. Link below:

http://www.cicerone.co
Turn any image into an optical illusion
StubHub is owned by eBay though.
Why only love for npm/JavaScript world? I still prefer having a separate registry for packages (e.g. SonaType Nexus) and let GitLab host code + CI
Or somebody makes one top 40 song and has a long article including which highscool they went yo, but a university professor who wrote a language like Clojure, used by thousands of companies, isn't notable enough!
API Gateways Are Going Through an Identity Crisis
Your rhetoric is a bit out of date. I have no problem with AMD (their hardware is good!), but I don't think your presentation is accurate.

> CUDA

Implemented by AMD too, under the moniker "hip."

> their RTX crap

Vendor-independent via DXR, soon to be available through Vulkan as well.

> Gsync

Nvidia GPUs now work with freesync monitors

> Physx

Open source, as of december.

I want to feel good about AMD, but they have thus far failed to build a stable platform around their GPGPU stack(s). Nvidia has done a pretty good job with making CUDA a stable platform for SW development, however anti-competitive you might think it is.
There are a lot of things I really like about Ebay. I have found myself using it more and more over the last year. I hope they highlight what makes them unique instead of trying to clone other e-commerce websites.

* I know exactly which business is responsible for my purchase. A business with a good reputation cannot afford to sell counterfeit products, and no shared warehouseing means counterfeits do not get mixed in with actual goods.

* Very cheap things are more competitively priced. Sometimes I like to buy things online that cost less than $5.

* It’s possible to pay less for items and get them directly from overseas. It’s nice to get a discount for having a longer planning horizon.

* It’s fairly easy to sell my unwanted items on the platform.
Brumbies, wild rabbits, feral pigs, cane toads... the list of introduced species that are a much bigger problem than roos goes on and on. Kangaroos are a native species and while I understand that we may need to control their numbers, I don't think it's fair to describe them as pests.
the BERT language model https://ai.googleblog.com/2018/11/open-sourcing-bert-state-o...
What about some kind of binary delta diffs such as bsdiff?
As a shopper I hate a lot of the recent shifts in their strategy. The only thing interesting enough to make me want to deal with all the hassles of eBay are the interesting vintage or collectible one-of-a-kind items: coins, camera gear, art, etc. These things are more work to list and describe but make for an always entertaining browsing experience. I loved eBay back in the day when it was like one big never-ending garage sale.

The catalogization of eBay, moving toward SKU-based product pages with sellers providing fulfillment, ends up feeling like a weird me-too version of the Amazon FBA race to the bottom. Small sellers with interesting inventory have been bled to death with ever-increasing fees and seem ready to pack up the wagon and move on to greener pastures.

The featured products on the homepage have the same bland sameness as every other e-com site and as a shopper I don't feel like I have much reason to ever go there these days. Right now I'm seeing a Patriots ballcap, some men's sneakers, and a small grill. Might as well be shopping at Target.
Yeah but like not really though.
For sure. But there are countless other examples of people being conquered too, all over the world, and not just by Europeans. There is no justification needed, other than that's what humans did back then. It was a much more primitive and brutal example of survival of the fittest. And as much as it offends our sensibilities now, it is the very path that leads us to where we find ourselves today.

We can struggle to be more just and compassionate with each other today, but our ancestors lived in a very different and harsh reality. It's not pretty, but it was a reality for a lot longer than this brief period we're living in now.
I drove from Melbourne to Adelaide and back last weekend, a round trip of around 1500 km. I ended up driving both directions at night. There were half a dozen near misses with kangaroos. I also had to dodge at least half a dozen dead kangaroos on the road.

The big problem with them is that usually there isn't a single kangaroo to try and dodge on the road, but several at once. The recommended course of action upon encountering a roo on the road is to just keep driving straight. If you try and dodge it, you're just more likely to crash your car and just as likely to hit a kangaroo. They're big enough to cause a lot of damage to a car too.

They're absolutely a pest, and there are unnaturally high numbers of them from eating crops. Culling keeps the population down to healthy numbers. I think that most opposition to culling is because they're Australia's national animal. Nobody complains about culling foxes and goats. I also don't see how culling is any less ethical than farming cows or sheep.

Also, this is an interesting quote:

> There may be no animal and nation in the world more closely identified.

I'd argue that New Zealand and Kiwis are much more closely identified, to the point that New Zealand and Kiwi are literally synonymous. If someone asks me what nationality I am, I'd say "Kiwi" before I said "New Zealander". Never heard an Aussie refer to themselves as a roo.
Why do you think online dating is useless for 80% of men?
The author wanted to use Ruby. JS is out of context here
PostgreSQL Logical Replication Gotchas
In Memoriam: What Would Gary Gutting Do?
Even a below average one: it's normal to belong in bronze league (~5th percentile) if you beat the AI on every level and then start playing other humans. The AI is not a serious opponent.
Patrick McKenzie(patio11) has written a lot of useful stuff about this here:

https://training.kalzumeus.com/newsletters/archive/selling_s...

and talked about it here:

https://www.kalzumeus.com/2016/08/26/kalzumeus-podcast-episo...
Not just compiles to JavaScript, it compiles simply via type erasure and lacks a runtime.
I think it's for the 'it makes him feel manly reasons' mostly. I'm not sure oxidizing it off slowly with hydrogen peroxide would have the same effect as cutting into his own flesh and cleansing the wound with searing alcohol does.
Quantum effects have an influence on macroscopic objects, including asteroids. We can't really see them because of decoherence. Here's a paper that looks at the tumbling of Hyperion from a quantum viewpoint:

https://arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/0503170
DJI drones have software features to prevent abuse: https://www.dji.com/flysafe

If these are indeed drones causing disruption then they might not be off-the shelf video drones.
Also, you can find some of the most obscure and rare items on eBay that’s simply impossible to find otherwise.

For example, you can’t buy a Military APC[1] on Amazon :-)

[1] https://www.ebay.com/itm/CUSTOMIZED-MILITARY-VEHICLE-BUILT-O...
Hard to imagine when you haven't seen it in person
Ohhhhhh I love horse sashimi. Horse meat is apparently common in Europe? I don’t know if that’s true.
Yeah the producthunt head nod was weirdly out of place. It's rife with faked/influenced votes and gives little penetration to actual users.

If you want users just find the people who have the problem you're trying to solve.
ZvZ is an exception, when a worker rueh is paired with an early pool, making it a worker and spine rush.
Depends on if you mean design or code. In old days, there was STOP, GEMSOS, and LOCK. I have a description of two of them:

http://www.cse.psu.edu/~trj1/cse443-s12/docs/ch6.pdf

Later on, the separation kernels:

https://arxiv.org/pdf/1701.01535

VerveOS was verified at least for safety down to assembly:

https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/wp-content/uploads/...

The Muen separation kernel and hypervisor is verified to be free of common problems:

https://muen.sk/
AFAIK that’s a YouTube myth. The burial chamber is built into the structure of the pyramid, not mined out of it; there is no evidence of retrofitting. We’ve uncovered and dated work sites and living areas for the people who constructed it, which coincide with known old kingdom chronology. That theory also doesn’t explain why there happens to be exactly three major pyramids at that site with minor pyramids in numbers that coincide with three generations of pharaohs and their consorts. It also doesn’t explain the clear progression of pyramid building leading up to the Great pyramids at Giza.
I mean it looks like it's wired in the picture and your picture involves someone physically hacking it.
Your assumption is not supported by another current theories I’m aware of. Our physics doesn’t give any answer to that question - they throw a divide-by-zero error.

The fundamental fact that led Einstein to special relativity is that light in a vacuum appears to be traveling at c regardless of the observer’s frame of reference.

If the observer is a photon, however, it must be able to observe a photon traveling at 0 m/s relatice to it (is, the photon itself). This removes the cornerstone of special relativity and the whole thing comes apart. Using it to make predictions at this point is pointless.

There may be a way to describe the perspective of a photon - we haven’t discovered all of physics yet - but none of our current theories do so.
What I'd love is to have Firefox dev tools functionality in Chrome.

Firefox highlights the edge lines of the selected element automatically, and in all directions (if I recall correctly). I have to use an extension – VisBug – to achieve that in Chrome.

There's also the fonts window, which lets you in on what fonts are used on the page, and lets you modify the selected element's font settings – size, weight, slant/italic etc.. I pay a lot of attention to typography, so that part is important to me.
I’ll check it out today. Thanks.
Eastern Europe moreso, if you let French or English kmowmthere’s horsemeat in their pies they will be upset.
It's not like I'll upgrade any time soon. A lot can happen in all those years! I'll see
Why not use a Mac Mini for that purpose, and then maybe keep a different MacBook for when you needed to go portable somewhere?
Yes, and this is what LXD does. I think I mentioned it in the article, but basically the issue is that it requires one of:

1. A clever server, which asks you which version do you have so it can generate a diff for you. This has quite a few drawbacks (storage and processing costs as well as making it harder to verify that the image you end up with is what was signed by the original developers). But this will guarantee that you will always get de-duplication.

2. Or you could pre-generate diffs for a specific set of versions, which means it's a lottery whether or not users actually get transfer de-duplication. If you generate a diff for _every_ version you're now back to storage costs (and processing costs on the developer side that increase with each version of the container image you have). You could make it so that the diffs only step you forward one version rather than instantly get you the latest, but then you now have clients having to pull many binary diffs again.

This system has existed for a long time with BSD as well as distributions having delta-RPMs (or the equivalent for debs). It works _okay_ but it's far from ideal, and the other negatives of using loopback filesystems only make it less ideal.

In my view, dumb formats are best.
What gpu works on linux-libre?
Solution to millennial burnout is not to become more resilient
Oh, totally. I meant "government" in the sense of the entire institution, not just the current party in power. The whole of Canberra needs to get its shit together.
The description looks bad on the surface, but as always reality is more nuanced. These issues are only problematic in specific circumstances, particularly, bare-metal cloud hosting where the BMC might be in a separate trust domain to the host and the user on the host is provided with root (or equivalent) privileges. If your threat model is "root on the host owns the platform" then the only problem is that the BMC is yet another spot to hide malware.

The concern is that existing BMC firmwares have been shown as unsafe for bare-metal cloud types of configurations by default, so organisations using platforms in this environment may be doing so with false confidence.
Fixed title: Author sells 11k books for 19k after 15k in ad spending via self publishing.

There is absolutely nothing else to the entire long article.
Sounds like advertising. I don't want any ads in my imgur feed. I don't want any ads in the magazines I _BUY_ I don't want any ads in the movies I PAY to go to watch (trailers and "buy candy and popcorn clips").

If an email is an email about a thing or service which is related to my interests, but I don't recognize the company, I suppose that falls under spam, but that's better than random emails for prescriptions or scams.
The problem is when you have systems that don't have ZFS, or cases where you want to operate on an image without mounting it.

Also (from memory) ZFS de-duplication is not transmitted over zfs-send which means that you don't really get ZFS's de-dup when transferring (you do get it for snapshots -- but then we're back to layer de-duplication which is busted when it comes to containers).

Don't get me wrong, I'm a huge fan of ZFS but it really doesn't solve all the problems I went through.
Of all the reason I dont buy things from eBay, the payment options have very little to do with it.
Comforts of GraphQL with AWS AppSync
Itaninum also had an emulation mode, while not perfect, they could eventually improved it.

Backwards compatible didn't matter in the mobile world, or for those screaming for ARM laptops.

Sometimes we can't just have nice things.
It's hard to notice power efficiency when you always have your laptop plugged in.
No matter how long you have been in the field of business or whether your business is completely established or not; you would always look out for ways to stay ahead of the competitors in the marketplace. Here I find an article: https://cabstartup.com/business-trends-to-make-you-a-success...

I suggest you to give it a read and will be great full to hear your thoughts on this
ebay did have its own integrated payments early on: Billpoint. (https://www.pymnts.com/digital-payments/2018/ebay-intermedia...)

From what I recall, the fees were much higher then PayPal and it didn’t take long for PayPal to become the de facto standard.
This was bound to happen. Google has always treated Chromium as their toy and a way to protect their advertising monopoly. That is why we released the new PrivacyWall today which includes the most advanced host level ad blocker built by Stanford engineers. It's free and we will never sell out.
Why would anyone back themselves into a corner with Mongo? Postgres has all relevant features, doesn't corrupt your data, and has the RDBMS features to fall back on when you need it.
I think it's easy to overstate the impact first-movers have on any given industry. The 3D FPS genre was already being explored in the 70s and it's a somewhat obvious direction to explore on the PC as the hardware becoming ubiquitous in American homes matured enough to make it possible.

Carmack is a smart guy but it's not like there wasn't going to be a competitive PC game industry in his absence. Ken Silverman or Tim Sweeney come to mind as alternative first-movers in the space, I don't think it would have been much later.

The games might have been less violent for a bit longer without id though.
Quantitative analysis of evolution of novelty in cinema through IMDb tags (2013)
I think we do it's just called, "the sky"
"You wouldn't use formal methods on, say, the GUI layout of your system."

That's actually a good use. Statecharts were one method used for formally specifying that. The research I saw would formally specify the individual components or modes, the transitions with their conditions, these would be checked formally, and then maybe some code is generated that's correct by construction. Example for prototyping:

https://sketch.systems/
The lightning port would be ideal for that, except it’s proprietary.
I don't think fatalism is the philosophy to adopt here.
The other commenter is also clearly from Australia, using “they” about idiot politicians.
A dedicated server of decent size should easily be able to handle this kind of traffic.
being able to make trade deals outside the EU doesn't count then?
This expectation of perpetual rapid growth across the board is bonkers. Are there any online auction sites that approach eBay's popularity? Are there that many new people who want to sell stuff online for eBay to serve? What's it going to take for the market to start accepting a large company with a healthy revenue stream as "big enough"?
There are also a few others, and I've spoken to Lennart about using casync. It's a bit of a mixed bag because while casync does give us mostly what we want (and I've had a very long thread on Twitter with Lennart about it), there are some other concerns I've heard in the past few days from OCI users that make me quite cautious about using a format that cannot be easily made into a runtime format.

For instance, some folks want to have their runtime format be identical to the image format (so that signatures of the image can be used to verify the running containers). This is something that you cannot currently do with stock OCI (though they have worked around it), but should be a consideration for a future format. I only became aware of this concern after writing my blog post, so I will have to include it in the next one. :P
Doesn't sound like a private enough community to me.