skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
I would still say that, though. For complex/ non-"toy" systems, the required level of detail increases so much, that if you specify it all in something like TLA+, even ignoring the performance aspects, it probably becomes too hard to understand it all and you lose most of the advantage that TLA+ is supposed to give you. It's not just about the "formal verification" part - it's about the whole cycle of model -> verify -> learn/improve understanding -> improve model.

And the fact that it was used to design microprocessors doesn't say that it can or should be used to specify all the details. I bet nobody ever attempted to do the layout from the TLA+ model; it's just like in software, TLA+ was used to design geo-distributed databases... but not to write any piece of the code; just to check that the general design is right.
It is sad to see all the ramifications of these large operations. Between environmental and economical impacts of the area around them, how do we let these get so big? I wonder how many other families are being hurt by the CAFO near your family's farm. I feel for the people who are just trying to run a sustainable business with these huge farms constantly looming in the background.
thanks for the comment, would this definition be clearer:
"Recall at k is the proportion of relevant items found in the top-k recommendations"?
Companies like JUUL have patented formulations for nicotine salts that quickly spike blood nicotine levels similar to levels of analog cigarettes, then the sudden drop off promotes stronger cravings and more frequent usage. Cavings resulting from this quick spike and drop off significantly increases habit forming behavior by boosting both the intensity of withdrawl symtoms and frequency of usage compared to freebase nicotine formulas that have been common in traditional "ejuice" of the past decade. Combine this with their cornering the teenage vaping market you can see why Altria (malboro parent co) just gave them 13B for 35%. These nic salt formulas can ease the transition from traditional cigarettes, but also increase the first time user to addict conversion rate and lessen the likelyhood of users tapering off usage by gradual reduction of comparibly stabilized nicotine levels of freebase formulations.

I've been rolling around an idea for a device to help ween off nicotine for years now. I need to consult with an EE, but don't have any in my network. If anyone's willing to chat for 30 mins, or interested in colaberating I'd love to hear from you, emails in my profile. If you're aware of any service out there to buy small block of consultation time, that would help at well.
The ambiguity of the English language may be at fault here. "Professional" can mean either or both of "upholds high standards of behavior" or "gets paid for this." I think the group intended #1, but was worried people would think they only wanted #2.

Shockingly few of #2 actually fit #1, in my experience, so it's important to distinguish.
So many politicians confidently propose solutions to complex systems such as the economy, yet some do not even understand basic things, such as the three branches of the government. [1]

I saw recently on Paul Graham's twitter feed a paper that made the case for a 29% tax rate.

From the paper: "the rate that incorporates innovation and maximizes a utilitarian social welfare function is just 29%." [2]

I'm not saying I agree with the paper, but at least it provided a mathematical framework for studying taxation and considered important things such as incentives, innovation and economic growth, which in my view is a good starting point.

[1] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N2xDm-Y4l_4

[2] https://www8.gsb.columbia.edu/faculty-research/sites/faculty...
Apple was using x86 10 years ago, so I would assume the former..
>China’s use of cash rate is still much higher than the USA

Is this regional, or perhaps urban vs rural? On my recent trip, I didn't see anyone using cash. Everyone used their phone. I bought coffee with cash at a Starbucks -- all the cash in their cash register was in a single roll held together with a rubber band. It was used so infrequently that they didn't use the trays or separate the bills.
I think many of the professions you mentioned (medical doctors, researchers, professors, ...) are going to have people with the same mentally as software engineers where the workforce members want to make a lot of money using acquired skills then retire early. There's nothing new with people wanting to make a lot of money while working in order to have a lifestyle of not working.

Likewise, there are software engineers, doctors, researchers, etc. that are more passionate about the work they do than getting to a retirement lifestyle. People find different things to obsess over.
For people who don't follow modern web standards, a modern web browser getting 100/100 is actually failing tests. You should get 97/100, failing tests 23, 25, and 35.

The site itself is no longer maintained and updated to reflect changes to standards.
I can afford my medication just fine, thankfully, because my family was able to escape the complete and utter despair of socialist utopia and now completely uninformed morons are trying to bring that poison here.
Not OP, but work in Agriculture. Margins are so thin, you either need crazy scale (5000+ head/acres) or crazy specialization (think organic). Without scale, one bad year and your out of business.
Strange: why is the organization based in Switzerland when it is fully staffed by USA academic personnel? Under "transparency" it links to a pdf of the Swiss civil code which has 9 pages all numbered page 210. Obscure...
I interviewed at six top companies in Silicon Valley in six days
> Eric Schmidt

You forgot the second part of that quote that's much more relevant to this conversation:

> "If you have something that you don't want anyone to know, maybe you shouldn't be doing it in the first place, but if you really need that kind of privacy, the reality is that search engines including Google do retain this information for some time, and it's important, for example that we are all subject in the United States to the Patriot Act. It is possible that that information could be made available to the authorities."

Just need to add "we are all subject to buggy permissions APIs" :/
Kind of. You could leave in the current credits you get for dependents, for example, so that a person making $85k with a wife and three kids doesn’t pay quite as much as someone making $85k and single.

It’s hard to imagine how a single person making $85k would be struggling if they weren’t mismanaging their money, but I’m willing to be convinced otherwise.
Yes! I love how this was presented. If I was in SF during those dates, I'd go for sure.
It could be surprising to some people that it's in conservative state - one of the most conservative.

You've really got to let go of your stereotypes and do some actual research.

For example, in the most recent election the results for senator were 50.8% Republican, and 48.3% Democrat. That's not hardcore conservative by any definition.

Source: https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2018/11/06/us/elections/...
> And, if that is true wouldn't it be a short term benefit for attorneys that would settle back to what's the current norm now after a few years?

It would lead to a higher steady-state amount of work because taxpayers would get more bang-for-buck from their tax planning dollar. See my other comment for an example of how an increase in the nominal rate leads to more tax planning activity.
No income tax helps.
Sadly but evaluation metrics are only implemented in pyspark.mllib (RDD API) but not in pyspark.ml (Dataframe API)

Also worth mention about implicit feedback
Prior to its acquisition by Facebook, WhatsApp gained significant market share in Europe, India, and Israel. The company is based in the US, and I don't think it had local offices in those areas before it was already popular there.

So it is not obvious, or even true that a chat app needs a local office to become popular in a given region. It may be true that a chat app needs a local office to become popular in China, but it's definitely possible to believe otherwise without being a "charlatan or simpleton".

As an aside, we don't talk to each other that way on Hacker News. Please do not insult people, and please explain why you think someone is wrong instead of claiming that it's obvious.
> terribly this kind of digital-dystopia plays out

Yeah, but what if it works? What if technology and the laws of our physical universe really do allow efficient, permanent and total totalitarianism?
And the classic Priceonomics article: https://priceonomics.com/are-rotisserie-chickens-a-bargain/
Bandwidth is relatively believable, just look how much it's changed over the last 100 years.

The real spoiler is always going to be latency.
Have you used flow at all in the past? If so what would you say the major differences are/how difficult was any process to convert over? I'm a huge fan of having the types defined just from a documentation perspective nevermind bug catching and debugging and all that. I feel relatively agnostic about the particular thing we use to do it so I'm curious as to what the differences are.

But yeah it really has improved my day to day immensely and I really feel the difference when I'm working in legacy portions of our apps that pre-date the flow adoption.
>> Nicotine is viciously addictive.

I hope you are equally against sugar which is also addictive and has much worse adverse effects than nicotine.
Coordinate systems are not the primary issue. It's true that coordinates can be problematic but the laws of physics are independent of coordinates because those are of course only a tool we use to perform calculations. But take for example the classical law of gravitation which requires dividing by the square of the distance between the two bodies. The distance is independent of the coordinates you use to describe the positions of the bodies but you still get a divergent force as the distance approaches zero. So the breakdown of the law is not due to a bad choice of coordinates but inherent in the equation and a strong indication that the law is probably only approximate for short distances.
No, this is not fake news, and is completely unrelated to fake news. It is editorialized, perhaps, but nowhere close to fake.

The fact that the sweet potato in chief uses "fake news" to mean "news I don't like" doesn't mean that the rest of us should adopt that definition.
Firefox removes UI dark pattern from Screenshot tool after months of complaints
Not having a solution for a hard problem doesn't disqualify people from pointing to an obviously bad one and calling it out. This jank old.reddit.com fork is not the solution.
I think it's common for people to want to tax people that have more, especially when the wealth gap is only widening. The state of things is the ever increase of the poor unable to break out of their class and the rich only getting richer.

Maybe it would be a good idea to provide the ability to have an option to suggest where/how the funds will be used based on some of the nation/state level priority needs.
I think it's mostly just sticker shock. Downloading another thing, and it's a bit spoiling these days when most toolsets have some amount of cross-editor support. You can do similar things in various language modes in VS Code, after all (plotting/fancy rendering/cloud APIs).

There don't seem to be many developers working on TLA+ outside of Microsoft Research though, so I think their work is probably better spent elsewhere than just recreating the Toolbox in other editors. It's not that bad. Maybe in a year or two if TLA+ continues growing in popularity someone will help hash out an alternative.

In a prior project one of our developers checked their models in the Toolbox originally and then we just ran them in CI from the command line, which also worked fine and made it easier if people wanted to run/edit them "by hand" in vim or something.
When I purchase a product, Google can track that package if it detects tracking info.

When I book a flight, Google notifies me when the flight is leaving, providing suggestions about when to leave my house in order to make it.

All of these things can be done from reading your email. For someone invested in the Google ecosystem, this is a nice and seamless integration that helps me in my life. That is why they are extracing data from your mail.
So there should be combined effort to make such libraries that are cross hardware. If many people need it, why don't they pool resources and create open libraries like that?
> Proponents don't automatically presume this

I respectfully disagree. Dogmatic clinging to political and economic ideals is rampant in society. People do this all the time. That doesn't apply to EVERYONE who holds the opposed opinion, though. Nor was it my intention to imply that.

> Yes, there is a tremendous amount of inefficiency in the entire process.

It's not just a matter of inefficiency. Inefficiency is intrinsic to any economic system as large and complex as that of the US, and that's to be expected. What isn't to be expected, or at least condoned, is the ACTIVE measures taken by those in office/places of power to squander money that is not naturally misappropriated by that complexity. Our current political/economic client is rife with this.

> The other problem with this sort of argument is that it works at literally every tax level.

The fact that an argument is right at every level isn't a problem, nor does it make it invalid. I'm of the opinion that no tax is going to be truly utilized correctly until the underlying problem of corruption is fixed.

And please don't take my tone as accusatory. I do appreciate people taking a critical look at an issue and still coming up with the opposite of my stance.
The Vox series on Netflix has an exceptionally good story about the water crisis generally. I left with the impression that right now water is not priced appropriately, and the solution is to impose more normal market pricing on water market by market. If you live in a rural area where it's hard to get access to water, or where your water usage requires elaborate cleanup to maintain the water supply, you should have to pay way more.
If you burned it to the ground and started over, that may have also been on you. The amount of code that was capable to run unchanged between 6.5 (CF), 7 (Silverlight-like-CF), 8.1+ (.NET Core) was very high. Sure, there was a ton of churn between 6.5's horrid WinForms fork, 7's Silverlight XAML, 8's .NET Core-ish version of Silverlight-ish XAML, and 10's WinRT XAML, but if the majority of your app wasn't just UI code-behind (at which point, why not rearchitect to a good MVVM pattern or relative?), transitioning that XAML should have been simple.
I think this is a good way of looking at the problem but unfortunately it doesn’t resemble the public debate at all. It would be great if the conversation were about the inflection point and not ad hominems (“people who don’t want to raise taxes hate the poor!”).
> Addictive stuff is bad if taking it has other negative effects.

I get your point, but I think it's a bit oversimplified. I think that addiction itself can cause problems, even if it's just distress from feeling a lack of control. I've had several people tell me that caffeine addiction is no big deal if you're getting it from mostly healthy or neutral sources, but I remember being addicted to caffeine for sleep/attention regulation and for me that dependence was stressful on its own.

Another example might be porn addiction, which is well-known to have negative effects due directly to the dependence on certain stimuli to achieve certain mental/physical states.
> Farmers can’t produce milk and cheese at the low prices American consumers have grown accustomed to without some effect on water, says [an industry mouthpiece]. “The alternative here,” he says, “is a society that depends upon other countries to feed us.”

What a crock of bullshit, if I may say so. US has a surplus of agricultural products and is a massive exporter to the point where it perturbs world markets, some 140 billions per year. This is true for many advanced economies that subsidize agriculture in various ways to protect food security and rural employment, for example the EU, and is frequently contested by poor economies dependent on cash crop exports to finance healthcare, etc.

The typical reaction of any industry when an ecologic issue is reported is to ignore it, then deny it, then lobby forcefully that tying to fix it will destroy the national economy. And then they grudgingly comply and there is no economic catastrophe.
True, but nobody says how expensive the fuel-pellets are. It may be that hooking up a fusion bottle for agricultural lighting just isn't cost-effective.
They swab your cheek if you’re detained at a protest on federal property, why would they need this?
> it probably becomes too hard to understand it all and you lose most of the advantage that TLA+ is supposed to give you.

Not necessarily. There are tools that compile C or Java to TLA+[1]. But, like all other code-level reasoning, when using them you are limited to very small programs.

> It's not just about the "formal verification" part - it's about the whole cycle of model -> verify -> learn/improve understanding -> improve model.

I agree, but again, that's because TLA+ is intended for industry use, not as a research tool, and as we simply don't have the technology to verify most real programs all the way down to code, TLA+ places an emphasis on the best ROI you can get from formal methods, in practice, given current technology.

[1]: https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007%2F978-3-319-17581-...
Humans don't have the cellulase enzyme necessary to digest cellulose, the primary component of vegetables. Cows and other grazing animals do, which is why they can efficiently use plants to gain energy and mass. Humans eat meat because we can not use the majority a plant's mass for energy or mass production. Some day maybe there will be a cellulase supplement or probiotic supplement that allows efficient veganism, but we're not there yet.
If the practical difference is 38% vs 39% "Eastern European", who cares?
Interesting, will read later. Odd that TX has the greatest depletion. As a NE resident, was under impression Ogallala was back to 2010 levels after 2012 drought hit it bad.
Thanks for the link! Will take a look. Would love to dump our Redshift instance!
Yes I worked for a totally airgapped defence contractor many years ago. It was very boring :)
If I'm playing a game, I usually have the TV on anyway, and I watch plenty of Netflix.

I have no interest in playing Fortnite, but I wouldn't mind developing a game called Sennite, just because almost no one would get the joke.
Our drinking age is too high. This results in the negative outcomes related to alcohol use on campus, including habit forming behaviors that hurt people later in life.
I have learned a lot about agriculture, sustainability of same, insights on & analysis of family & corporate farming, I from following Dr. Sarah Taber on Twitter.

She does a lot of threads discussing food & food production. Here's a link to one I pulled basically at random from near the top of her feed.
https://twitter.com/SarahTaber_bww/status/108629576050794906...
It seems logical that when once we have a pure "wild west" situation where anyone contract for the hacking of any target, that corporations producing products arguably not in the public good will have an incentive to target their critics.
"At least for cows (and most game), you don't want them to exercise too much or the meat won't be as tender. Is it different for chickens?"

There tends to be a flavour/tenderness tradeoff. So you'll tend to get more flavour from more used muscles. (eg chicken breast v thigh)

That said, the average battery hen could do a hell of a lot more exercise and still not be tough.
> People rant about the rich “paying their fair share”, but the problem here isn’t the tax rate applied to the rich, it’s that they don’t pay anywhere near it.

Yes, but the rich nonetheless pay the lion's share of income taxes:

The share of income earned by the top 1 percent of taxpayers rose to 20.6 percent in 2014. Their share of federal individual income taxes also rose, to 39.5 percent.

from https://taxfoundation.org/summary-latest-federal-income-tax-...
>If your argument was extended from 'ancient philosophy' to 'anything ever said by humans', then anything ever said by humans would fill the sentence space fairly uniformly, so finding out that anyone has said anything doesn't help.

That's accurate, though. If I told you a statement and backed it up with the claim that "at some point in history, a human said it" then you really haven't learned very much. Likewise, if a statement is tagged with "and by the way, an ancient philosopher believed it," you may have learned something about history, but the statement itself hasn't gotten any more believable.
In a lot of Smalltalk environments, you could change the function's (method's) code in the debugger, referencing state to help follow what's going on, roll back enough stack frames to be safe, then continue. People built entire systems like that.
You need to give the Chinese government your US SSN? Please tell me I have misunderstood.
Not true for everyone. If it's good I'm game.
This is true. I know at least a dozen former Minnesotans, and the number one reason they all cite for leaving is the weather.
I'd add one more layer of abstraction. There are also people in the boat actively following Leak Fixers and taking their tools to plug the holes.
I still feel better with thin/no tooling for transpiling, flow types in comments. There’s something nice about no or ultra flat dependencies and instant npm i that keeps me there.
I don't think this is a healthy assumption to make. Even if you are not embarrassed by the possibility that any message you send could end up on the New York Times, things like industrial espionage (aided in large part by state actors), corporate politics, or even operational security (e.g. identity theft) could grind your life to a halt. The threat space is too large, and it'd be an eventuality that your life will grind to a halt.

You shouldn't rely on a company to look out for you. You have to have laws and official, proven avenues of redress for assured privacy. For example, I trust the USPS Inspector General to protect the privacy of my mail. Somebody might tamper with it and succeed once or twice, but I'm not going to have a paradigm shift and think my mail will always be broken into.
I think the bar's just higher.
> how do we let these get so big?

My understanding is there was a big change in policy during Nixon's administration, when agribusiness lobbyist Earl "Rusty" Butz became USDA secretary.[1] His mottos were "get big or get out" and "plant fence row to fence row."

[1]: https://grist.org/article/the-butz-stops-here/
> Zagraj w Mozarta na moją pamiątkę, a ja cię usłyszę.

— Frederic Chopin

This one is my favourite.
That’s not really enough to fund the government at the current scale. I’m in support of a flat tax too, but to be revenue neutral (and still have a carve out for low incomes) it’s have to be like 30%.
>Fewer hormones for growth

>Chicken gets more exercise and movement

Having raised chickens for meat on a small scale (30-40 at a time), I can tell you that chickens used for meat ("Broiler" chickens) are selectively bred to grow as big as possible as quickly as possible. There is no need for growth hormones, they grow so quickly that their bone structure cannot keep up, to the point that they are barely able to walk 8-12 weeks from hatching. If they are not slaughtered on time, they die from heart failure.
You can implement it with a floor if you want, although that makes it less "fair" in a sense as well, I suppose.
AG nominee Barr's obstruction answers scrutinized in wake of BuzzFeed report