skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Speaking about GNU C++ (and C), the headers are getting cheaper all the time compared to the brutally slow compilation.

Recently, after a ten year absence of not using ccache, I was playing with it again.

The speed-up from ccache you obtain today is quite a bit more more than a decade ago; I was amazed.

ccache does not cache the result of preprocessing. Each time you build an object, ccache passes it through the preprocessor to obtain the token-level translation unit which is then hashed to see if there is a hit (ready made .o file can be retrieved) or miss (preprocessed translation unit can be compiled).

There is now more than a 10 fold difference between preprocessing, hashing and retrieving a .o file from the cache, versus doing the compile job. I just did a timing on one program: 750 milliseconds to rebuild with ccache (so everything is preprocessed and ready-made .o files are pulled out and linked). Without ccache 18.2 seconds. 24X difference! So approximately speaking, preprocessing is less than 1/24th of the cost.

Ancient wisdom about C used to be that more than 50% of the compilation time is spent on preprocessing. That's the environment from which came the motivations for devices like precompiled headers, #pragma once and having compilers recognize the #ifndef HEADER_H trick to avoid reading files.

Nowadays, those things hardly matter.

Nowdays when you're building code, the rate at which .o's "pop out" of the build subjectively appears no faster than two decades ago, even though the memories, L1 and L2 cache sizes, CPU clock speeds, and disk spaces are vastly greater. Since not a lot of development has gone into preprocessing, it has more or less sped up with the hardware, but overall compilation hasn't.

Some of that compilation laggardness is probably due to the fact that some of the algorithms have tough asymptotic complexity. Just extending the scope of some of the algorithms to do a bit of better job causes the time to rise dramatically. However, even compiling with -O0 (optimization off), though faster, is still shockingly slow, given the hardware. If I build that 18.2 second program with -O2, it still takes 6 seconds: an 8X difference compared to preprocessing and linking cached .o files in 750 ms. A far cry from the ancient wisdom that character and token level processing of the source dominates the compile time.
Source on Canada letting you pay for your own healthcare? It's usually prohibited.
> That is, asserting dominance via staring at others is something we’re born with, and for good reason: our ancestors’ survival hinged on this when being confronted with someone bigger/stronger.

This explanation is circular. Trying to stare down an enemy who doesn't already care about staring-as-dominance is a losing strategy; they'll just attack you. It doesn't explain how staring-as-dominance came about.
Switching to a tackball did the most good for my wrists and forearms. I also bought the curved kinesis keyboard. It takes a while to,get used to the kinesis key layout, but now that I have I type insanely fast on it.
I think you may want to read the quote from the paper a bit more carefully. "...he will be wise to look carefully at the critical code; but only after that code has been identified"

I was told that "premature optimization is not really a thing" as a response to a reply I received that pImpls should be avoided at all costs.

When we analyze the performance impact of software, we don't shotgun change things because of a generalized fear of cache misses. We examine critical code paths and make changes there based on profile feedback. That is the spirit of what Knuth is saying in this quote. Look carefully at critical code, BUT ONLY AFTER that code has been identified.

A cache miss is critical when it is in a critical path. So, we write interfaces with this in mind. Compilation time matters, as does runtime performance. Either way, we identify performance bottlenecks as they come up and we optimize them. Avoiding clearer coding style, such as encapsulation, because it MIGHT create faster code, is counter-productive.

We can apply the Pareto Principle to understand that 80% of the performance overhead can be found in 20% of the code. The remaining 80% of the code can use pImpls or could be rewritten in Haskell for all it matters for performance. But, that code still needs to be compiled, and often by clients who only have headers and library files. Subjecting them to long compiles to gain an unimportant improvement in performance in code that only rarely gets called is a bad trade. Spend that time optimizing the parts of the code that matter, which, as Knuth says, should only be done after this code has been identified.

EDIT: the downvoting on this comment is amusing, given that "avoid pImpls" is exactly the sort of 97% cruft that Knuth was addressing.
I'm not writing a CRUD app, I'm writing a program that my company expects to put into production. Writing tests is very much a part of writing production code.
Wyldfire's comment got me thinking- you should go work for Microsoft. They value developer relationship immensely. And I hear they treat their employees well, not just monetarily.
I'd guess there's some kind of interest/penalty you have to pay along with the back premiums.
Thanks for replying this far after the life of the thread.

I was aware that nurses are far more trained today. But is their training that orthogonal to the doctors? I was thinking doctors starting with nurses in tandem with nurses allowed to operate more machines, do more radiology, etc.
" I've seen it drive a new cohort of people to take an interest in PL design, low-level languages and safety guarantees, and even kernel design theory. Talented people who have never previously gone in for C or C++ saw a chance to start in on those fields with Rust, to all of our benefit. It's obvious to me that Steve (and the Rust team more generally) deserve a lot of credit for that."

Exactly. They've done what Ada and other safe, systems languages couldn't do. They made it go mainstream with stronger protections than before on top of thriving community. Quite amazing.
I was looking for something similar 6 years ago or so. “High quality” is difficult... but regionally accredited and a real degree does exist.

I went to Southern New Hampshire University and got my BA in Math w/ concentration in Applied Math. I started grad school at GA Tech for an MS in Operations Research via their distance learning program. I also got into USC and Kansas State.

I learned about this other degree after I was done though so you have at least two accredited options. It is slim pickings though:
https://www.tesu.edu/heavin/ba/mathematics
Then they’ll add up the premiums?
I've recently picked up a subscription to Destroy All Software and he has a few really good demos of how to architect simple and powerful shell scripts using bash. I'd really recommend it for anyone who doesn't need help with the semantics and instead needs help with the organization of a script.
I wonder if someone could make it by laser cutting channels and pistons into acrylic sheet, adding springs and sandwich between two more sheets?
You cannot homogenize disability rates across all states. For example, they don't mine coal in Hawaii and they do in West Virginia.
> Ask yourself when the last time you asked your physician how much a service cost.

ummmm... last year. I always ask the doctor or dentist how much something's gonna cost. (not that I get a reliable, accurate answer, but I still ask.)
The man pages for bash are fairly comprehensive and I'd definitely recommend referencing them while writing scripts: https://linux.die.net/man/1/bash
Surely more trivial: your ML's task is to divide all strings into "theorems" and "non-theorems" under the set of rules embodied by the training set.
It can't be done. If you want to write reliable code, and actually notice all of the possible error conditions instead of silently ignoring them, your code needs to get more verbose and complicated than it would be to just use a more capable tool like Python or Node, and it still won't be as reliable.

If you have more logic than a couple of string comparisons, Bash is not the right tool for the job.
> have found myself writing a 100> LOC script

Often, this is a good sign that you might want to switch to another scripting language.
this is the best (and maybe the only) one that i know of. it isn't cheap though.
Yes it would work very well, if somewhat slowly. In fact, "hydraulic logic" is how automatic transmissions in cars were controlled before they had computers. Here's an example:

http://www.oldcarmanualproject.com/manuals/trans/GMControlle...
Unless there is interest or a penalty then you can take all the premiums you've saved + interest and just pay them.
I presume they want to have control over who can access the file.
Heck just pick up any book about portrait photography and you will see the same thing: male postures are typically steadfast, female postures tend towards vulnerability (geometrically weak, camera looking down to subject, shoulders not square with frame) and sideboob.

Male bust portraits tend to cut off at the shoulders, female bust portraits cut off at the cleavage.

It’s just the way it’s done and nobody questions it.
It's the small projects that need the help (or... the big projects that are absolutely overwhelmed with requests).

We definitely need a way to make inroads on this, good work.
I'm not sure (possibly because I read the book years ago). The other two countries handle it differently.

Japan's healthcare cost is the lowest of the three though, at 5% GDP, despite an aging population of heavy smokers. So there doesn't seem to be that much overhead.
I did mean providers, I worded that poorly. US government does not set max prices for procedures, checkups, test, drugs etc as other counties have wisely chosen to do.

The reason we spend so much on Medicare and Medicare is because people are less hesitant to use the service. On a per capita basis, the public payers have reduced overhead and costs compared to the private markets. If you have sources proving me wrong, I’d be happy to look at them.

And while the US market my be drowong in various regulations, it is severely lacking in price control regulation - the whole reasons for this discussion.
OK, that convinces me: it's a lie to say that Julian Assange has never breached his bail.

Version 1.3 of the document says: "It is false and defamatory to suggest that Julian Assange has ever "breached his bail", "jumped bail", absconded, fled an arrest warrant, or that he has ever been charged with such at any time."

And yet we have a decision by a UK judge that Assange "failed to appear in accordance with the conditions of his bail" and that "the associate sureties should be forfeited": https://www.judiciary.uk/wp-content/uploads/JCO/Documents/Ju...

So while I can see why Wikileaks might try to argue that seeking asylum instead of appearing did not "breach his bail", there is a clear UK legal judgment saying that he did. It's a lie for Wikileaks to claim otherwise.

Nice job. I'd suggest passing it on the author of the post (Emma Best) to see if she can publicize this clear example.
> Japan has a clever way to handle the mandate. If you don't pay your premiums, nothing happens, but if you need healthcare you're not covered until you pay your back premiums.

So what happens when you go to the ER? Obviously if it's a true emergency they'll save your life and try to bill you later, but then what?

Would it ever make sense to deliberately stop paying your premiums? If you can pay "out-of-pocket" for medical expenses, you might be better off saving your premium money until you need medical care that's actually more expensive than the back premiums. That creates an adverse selection problem (assuming that enough of your prospective customers are devious enough to try this). Even if you can't pay out-of-pocket, you could just stop going to the doctor until something serious happened.
I wonder what they do if someone can't pay.

The system doesn't seem too different from the US to be honest, in that people with poor financial planning skills may decide to skip on insurance premiums and end up not having enough money saved to pay for medical expenses/back premiums when they occur.
But what would you use that information for, given that the language has no types? A JS function has no guarantees of what type a function returns anyway. It's like taking issue with the fact that a car doesn't come equipped with skis.
My point here on this one is simply that it's investing to think about this factor. For beginners (which I am not), too many options can be confusing. That said, setting reasonable defaults for detail options so things work well without needing to configure then to start is a nice way around this. Deep options exist and can be adjusted as needed but a solid default configuration is set out of the box. "There are enough posts and people who tell you what you should use." -- sure but what if opinions very widely? There's the cognitive load or put another way friction-to-first-use.
Yep, exactly, and the lock-in on Azure is much better. It’s near trivial to switch between hosted Git providers.

Integrations/hooks/CI add some stickyness which is probably why places like Gitlab focus on offering CI to be more than simply “git in the cloud.”
What you have now in the US is that the soybean eaters can't afford to buy soybeans and the soybean farmers can't afford to grow soybeans.

I'm not American and I'm far from lolbertarian, but having money go straight from patients to doctors would be a vast improvent on what you folks have now. It's the same as you see in US higher education — students are charged a fortune and educators are paid peanuts.
They spend on marketing because they are trying to sell as much as possible of the drug during the patented years. If people do not realize there's a superior drug out there, they will never part with the money for the improved treatment
Data alignment: Straighten up and fly right (2k5)
You will obviously not be able to have tactile contact with other human beings in VR anytime soon unless you are physically co-present. But you can still interact with them in most ways that you can in real life given sufficient tracking and software.

So, to answer your question: perhaps you won't be able to ideally replicate your experience in VR. But you will be able to come close. Why bother? Because you can have that experience with any human on Earth instantly, instead of the privileged few who happen to be taking up extraordinarily close coordinates to you in real world space.
Despite Japan's aging, heavy-smoking population, Japanese people tend to be very healthy for reasons that aren't necessarily related to their healthcare system.
While diet may play a role in dementia, it has no role in this study. It's showing that there is a innate difference in the amount of a molecular biomarker in different races that should be considered when testing for dementia. A further study could test if diet causes a difference in the biomarker, but there's no reason for them to mention it here.
Trojan (celestial body)
To all SDM's out there.. when they say testing they mean alpha and beta testing and not really shipping to the low paying customers.
GitHub already had a business model where they give a lot of stuff away for free and make it up on a premium offering. This just shifts the line between the two very slightly. I don’t see this creating any new concerns.
I wonder if these correlate precisely to correspondingly differing incidence of herpes infection.
That fits with what the book described. The author had a bum shoulder and saw a doctor for it, in each of the countries he covered. In Japan he got an appointment immediately and the doctor offered surgery the next day.

Financially they're the most efficient of all the countries in the book.
Insurers control care to reduce costs. The upward pressure on prices is from providers.

In terms of these insurers who control providers, can you give an example?
As they say, bash is just good enough not to get replaced.
I was having an office visit getting tested for the flu, not on my way to the emergency room.

The person who gave me the "nominal" quote also said my insurance would likely even cover the test. She was wrong.

I spoke to the office manager and she seems to agree with my take on the situation.

If you give a vague subjective word like "nominal" for a service, it's on you to hope the consumer agrees.
I'm pleased to inform you that many "refugees" have shoes and aren't caricatures of animals.
Just speculating here... the US government shutdown could be having an effect on contract work. Even your lay off 2 weeks ago could be related. Timing seems to line up with the shutdown. Tons of contract work is from government spending.
That’s an impressively warped hodgepodge, and as far as I can tell totally divorced from reality.

It's pretty much how the concept came across in the media and general public, and especially in that Feminist Frequency video.

If more people from the left would call out such, "impressively warped hodgepodge" being wielded supposedly on behalf of "justice" then there would be far less destruction of the public discourse under the cover of "social justice." If more people from the left would call out such, "impressively warped hodgepodge," there would be less acrimony and more room and esteem for actual social justice.
We have been hearing about gallium nitride power semiconductor since 2010 / 2011, and then again in 2014/2015, Why did it take so long to come to market? Cost?

( If it is cost then there is no hope of a nickel and dime fruit company to include it by default )
Pardon my naivety, but what do you normally use?
I've always found 6 cheaper than 5e, or at least the same price. And why not give myself some extra headroom?
Paul Erdös said mathematicians were god's way of converting coffee into theorems. I claim programmers are god's way of converting coffee into profanity.

Fusion research is god's way of converting money into promises. This same article could have been written in the 1980s.

"Fusion definitely works. You see it every day. Our sun and other stars blast hydrogen atoms together with such intense force that their nuclei overcome their normal inclination to repel each other."

And all we need to do it is a mass of hydrogen the size of the sun.
Your second example is a great example of how sometimes it's just not worth it. You're probably right that it makes sense to just write a comment and move along (after you've replicated the bug and filed an issue against the TypeScript compiler). Eventually it will get fixed, your team will upgrade their system, and you can remove the workaround.

I'd argue the first example illustrates my point quite well (but forgive me if this gets too ivory tower). It would seem highly unlikely that the wrapping bug is intimately coupled with whatever else the component is doing. It will likely come up again in some other situation, in this project or another. After all, some users will be on this browser forever.

All this suggests we would like to factor it out, in the name of the single responsibility principle and don't repeat yourself. And the extracted component should then be thoroughly tested to it's own why. That component's why, in particular, is to work around the browser bug, so a test specification that describes precisely which versions of Windows and IE are required to be worked around is actually exactly what you want.

As to good robot control and screen geometry, I don't think that's really science fiction anymore, unless your requirements are more exacting than mine.
Has Toyota ever demonstrated any real-world success in autonomous driving or they only have PR articles and marketing videos?
The full manual is here. https://www.gnu.org/software/bash/manual/bashref.html
GNU projects tend have info pages that are a lot more complete and thorough then their man pages, so that'd be a good place to check too.
Was Sprint's Wimax, which they called 4G before they rolled out 4G/LTE, better than or inferior to 3G HSPA+?
To the person elsewhere that complained in behalf of little drug R&D outfits, well, bounties vs patents would probably be beneficial to them too.
Maybe there's a little interest on back premiums. Whatever the details, it's working out very well for Japan. They get great results at very low cost.
In Canada, if it was serious, half a year is actually even quicker than I'd expect. I'd really love to try out the Japanese healthcare system. As it stands, I'm convinced that healthcare is an impossible problem to solve.
I had the great fortune of seeing him do this live, back in the last millennium. The best one had to be Kafka's "Metamorphosis".
I recommend Greg's Wiki. It's the only resource I use. It covers common pitfalls and anti-patterns.

https://mywiki.wooledge.org/
There are hardware-level optimizations in A12 for Objective-C, at least.
I knew as soon as I saw the source, this would be the case....Matt Yglesias isn't exactly...honest. He has a history of false claims and or really bad ideas. More of a commentator than a journalist, though somehow he is treated as one by Vox.
Do you want to keep being friends with them? Then keep your mouth shut.

Do you want to not be friends with them and have them not vaccinate their kid? Show them whatever research you want, you’re not changing their minds.
Why did we keep the language of the shell and the OS separate? It seems like a needless abstraction which creates more harm than good (read a shell script vs any other language). While I'm at it, why is the filesystem and syscall api not just part of a standard userland language? For example, the filesystem could be exposed like an object tree rather than some syscall ritual. The syscalls could just be invisible, where the language compiler deals with it instead of the programmer. I think that the old LISP machines got this right while we are stuck in a usless POSIX compatibility trap. The only reason I think they didn't design unix this way was because C was too low level, but we could write the OS in a "higher level" functional language.
You'd be wrong. I'm not arguing that Webpack is a deeply confusing system, but there are tens of thousands of people out there figuring it out too. Almost any question has an answer a Google search away.

Your bespoke bash script has no such community.
I'll make a plug for https://sfconservancy.org who sponsor many open source projects including Clojars (which I'm a maintainer of), and Clojurists Together. They do great work and deserve your support.
I usually do programming in Python and other languages. This particular case it makes sense since I'm taking advantage of command line utilities, otherwise I'm usually just making software myself, e.g. web services or daemons.
Staring is a precursor to attacks; animals which responded to other animals getting ready to attack them by posturing as if they were ready to counterattack avoided many fights.

Over time, this interaction was offloaded into specialized hardware analyzing gaze -- the one more interested in fighting was the one who stared longer, and that interaction became associated with dominance in social groups.

This was accelerated as the system became more advanced, and more gestures could be recognized as implicit confrontations (and their resolutions).