skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Followup since it was too late to edit.

McIntyre's blog post starts "The PAGES (2017) North American network consists entirely of tree rings.".

The 2017 article "A global multiproxy database for temperature reconstructions of the Common Era" by the PAGES2k Consortium at https://www.nature.com/articles/sdata201788 says:

> While the M08 database contains 75% more records than this collection, these records are overwhelmingly land-based, from the Northern Hemisphere, and relatively short. Indeed, the M08 database is disproportionately composed of tree rings from North America, many of which start after 1000 CE, so that fewer than 100 records reach beyond this date. In contrast, the present collection contains 176 records out to 1000 CE, most of which are not tree-based.

I assume "records" is not the same as "series", because the Supplementary Table spreadsheet mostly lists tree ring data for North America. However, it does list 12 lake sediment series and one speleothem series. For example, NAm_065 is "Late Holocene Climate Changes in Eastern North America Estimated from Pollen Data" from https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/quaternary-research/... .

How am I supposed to reconcile McIntyre's statement "entirely of tree rings" with the publication?

If tree rings are to be ignored, wouldn't the right question be, what does the analysis look like using only the non-tree ring data for North America?
FTA - You're looking at about £30,000 to set up one shaft and the running costs are very low - less than the energy consumed by three houses each year. With natural sunlight, the costs are even less

Looks like they thought this through far more than you give them credit.
> The independence movement won

To provide more context for readers not familiarised with this: most of the people that would have voted “No” didn’t show up to vote because it was generally understood (by the noers at least) to be an illegal and non-legitimate vote and they did not want to legitimate it by voting. In those circumstances it is quite easy to get a “Yes”, but it is less clear that it is a “Win”.
Old slate mines, on the other hand, are apparently a great site for underground trampolining - https://www.atlasobscura.com/places/llechwedd-caverns-trampo...
Why Your ML Models Need Maintenance
Low-loss and broadband non-volatile phase-change directional coupler switches
Essence of calculus[0] by 3blue1brown for the basics and the second course in the Coursera Mathematics for Machine Learning would let you get started. You would rarely need calculus more advanced than that covered in the above, and if need be you will be in a position to look it up quickly. If you can sustain your interest in ML over a long period of time and are in no hurry, I would recommend going through all the math mentioned. If you are a top-down learner, the fast.ai course on ML and deep learning for coders will get you started head-first. All the best!

[0] - https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLZHQObOWTQDMsr9K-rj53...
Practically speaking, for most people these days it is. POSIX specifies 8 bits and windows uses it. If you're working with a larger bit char, you're most likely well aware of it (offhand, some TI embedded chips are the only ones I know of, and even theyre rare!)
GNU Wallpapers
> if you are 100% sure that the code in it is trusted, then there really is no reason to sandbox it, right? If the intent is to only run trusted code,

Trusted code can have bugs; sandboxing, in a sense, is always useful (not always beneficial)
It's on OpenStreetMap already https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/651633176 and someone's named it the "Sarlacc Pit" (Star Wars reference). Unclear if the OSM editor came up with it or if it's from somewhere else.
Can you explain how that works out? Like, do you have virtual checklists and for everything you experience over the day your head goes "check check check -> we must be in event X"? It's really hard to imagine.

What I already know is emotional pattern matching. E.g. one smells a spice that one's mother used as a child and one is immediately transferred back to that time. In that way if one recognizes that high excitement is often related to advertisements or scams one might recognize when one feels that way that something might be fishy.

Or what I also know is path recognition. E.g. "at first we did this, then we did this, then we did this, and therefore we arrived at X". In that way we can remember processes like riding a bike or our way home. That's also how memory palaces work.
current title for this on HN is "Two Experts Weigh in on Etiquette of Centuries Past (nytimes.com)" - yet when clicked on, the heading says "Manspreading, Renaissance-Style: 2 Experts Weigh In on Etiquette of Centuries Past"

I know there are char limits and these things change for various reasons. I did read the comments first, so I guess that could have been a clue, however,

I had assumed this was going to be about many etiquette things and perhaps include some the me too and maybe consent things that might be interesting to read some research into past cultural expectation of various behaviors from times past and perhaps places distant and compare to things today, a few years ago and going forward.

Unfortunately from seeing the heading on the page I clicked back so hopefully visiting the page does not count against my monthly free article limit at NYT - as it's not something I would have wasted a monthly visit counter on had I seen the full title of the article before clicking.
I search config for "autoplay" and disable everything related. It's not a privacy issue - just annoyance avoidance.
I believe your process is on treacherous legal grounds in the United States, at least if you literally conduct an IQ test with a score and a cut-off value.

See this article for some amount of information: https://www.hiresuccess.com/resources/guide-to-employment-te...
Why on earth would you want to trampoline underground?

Blaenau Ffestiniog

Ahh. It's always raining up top. Makes perfect sense. :)
But they are food..
Wiki Creole 1.0 lightweight markup language
So...

"Salaried professionals in big cities have long complained that they bear an unreasonable share of the tax burden. That is because firms are legally required to withhold a portion of salaries in taxes. The rich, whose income usually does not come in the form of a pay cheque, and those in the informal economy."

Economists and politicians justify tax setups in terms of efficiency or fairness. Ultimately though, practicalities are the main authors. ... whatever yields the highest tax in a given economy.

The reason tarrifs & trade taxes were such a big deal is that ports are centralized & taxable. Way back in the day, rivers, roads and bridges made good tax collection points. Land taxes were also practical.

In advanced economies, income taxes have been practical because enough income is earned as salary at firms large enough to be regulated. Firms are structured around avoiding corporate tax, not income tax.

China is at the point now where it's practical to tax income.

The west is now at a point where the ultra-rich are an attractive tax target. But, trying to apply the income tax system to them is not practical for the same reason it is practical in China.
Boden dev here. Boden currently supports linear layouts (horizontal and vertical). We know that more is needed for a proper UI. Feedback is appreciated - let us know what you would like to see regarding layout options.

Since all widgets are native, you can easily add your own child widgets to the containers. You can gain access to the native view objects via the "View::getCore" method. However, we do not have a good way yet to insert custom widgets into the Boden layout system. That is an area where more work is needed.

Regarding calling platform APIs: since the apps are written in C++ you can call any platform API you like. On Android you can also use the Boden helper classes (bdn::java::JClass, etc.) to make Java calls from C++. On iOS the easiest way is to create an Objective C++ file (.mm file extension). In there you can combine C++ and Objective C code freely.
Mind elaborating as to why?
This is unreadable in mobile Firefox.
I absolutely agree with you.

This makes me very skeptical about the proposed feature in React, called "hooks", which is linked to in the article. It lets you add state to your functional components, and it looks like you end up bundling all your code into one function rather than having a separate constructor to initialise the state (to me, separating out that function is a good thing). I would be interested in the motivation for that.

Link: https://reactjs.org/docs/hooks-intro.html
yeah it probably goes beyond rural vs city living. In my situation, it was mutually beneficial to have good relationships with the neighbors because police and emergency services were 30 minutes away at best. Also I was in the desert and the population density was ~4-5 people per square mile - how does that compare to where you were living?
HN shortchanged me – 50% karma tax
After posting a link yesterday which received 235 points, I feel disappointed that I have only received ~50% of this to date.

I have no problem doing my part by paying karma tax but I feel this tax is too high.

I have posted links on other sites and have never been taxed such a high amount.
In addition to the dangerous environment, it's also likely to be contaminated with a lot of toxic stuff. In the closed German coal mines the pumps have to run 24/7 to prevent both the rising water from flooding the region* and the flame retardants and other poisons from reaching the surface waters.

* some areas like the city of Essen have dropped by 16m, others up to 40m due to mining. Running the pumps to prevent flooding is considered part of the Ewigkeitskosten (eternal costs, see: https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ewigkeitskosten ).

edit: fixed numbers, added link
10 most popular Beta startups in November
How to Add Quantity on Etsy
I see you making this complaint, and I'm interested to know more about your thinking.

I also pay for journalism, to selected publications. I couldn't afford to buy a subscription to all the publications on which I read just a handful of articles a month, but most of them allow you to read a handful of articles without a subscription. The WSJ is the exception here.

My question to you: would you expect all HN readers who want to read submitted WSJ articles to purchase a WSJ subscription - along with subscriptions to all the other paywalled publications posted here? Given that few will be able to justify the cost of that, do you think WSJ should be banned from HN?
Even London's black cabs are going electric, thanks to the Chinese. The London Taxi Company's Chinese owners (Geely) opened a £300m electric taxi factory in Coventry, UK last year. I'm not sure how many of these are in active service but I see them driving around all the time (presumably testing) as the factory is not far from my office.

https://www.telegraph.co.uk/business/2017/03/22/london-taxi-...
I can give myself Karma, not sure if that's intentional (at least in the demo)
That's a fair comment. Though I would say it's not that you don't value those with a greater psychological distance from you it's that you value them in the abstract and it doesn't concretely translate to materially caring about them.
Here's a blog that includes a photo of how much is a lethal dose.

https://www.drugabuse.gov/about-nida/noras-blog/2018/05/true...

Imagine you have 100g of this stuff, and you have to dilute it with sugars. You need a ratio of something like 50ug fentanyl per 300mg of sugar.

Your 100g contains 2,000,000 doses of fentanyl. 2m * 300mg = 600kg.

So you need 600kg of sugar to correctly dilute your 100g of fentanyl.

Dilution is hard.
No C pedantry thread would be complete without a link to one of the finest resources on the subject: https://blog.regehr.org/
Surprisingly, pure functional components are called even when their props haven't changed so PureComponent is not "in between" but "even more" than functional components. As for regular components, you can override this behaviour by adding a componentWillReceiveProps() method (yes, you can add a method to your functional component!).
> But you have to pay that power bill for the other 12 hours the sun isn't shining.

This is really a bizarre objection. What do you think overground farms do at night?
You see them regularly in London, I’d say 5% of taxis have switched or thereabouts. It only launched in the last year.
Cool way to illustrate the simplicity of blockhains.
And yet, in a weird way it's working in a way that aligns to wider, long-term, individual interests.

By making the government the controlling monopoly, China ends up with a form of capitalism where externalities apply to other countries rather than surrounding corporations and citizens. That's kinda interesting compared to how most other capitalist nations are handling their shit right now. You can do 'common good' stuff like force meme EVs on a significant national scale, where other developed nations are absolutely floundering.

What's even more interesting is how rapid that has occurred as compared to how recently China was an absolute polluting demon. Still are, but the rate of change/velocity towards addressing it is worth paying attention to.
Lime tries to back-peddle on VP’s line on why it hired Definers
What does it say, that I managed to pick out the word cheese?
Running a successful hackathon
Interestingly you can see mining used to stretch under the Firth of Forth between Lothian and Fife. Supposedly, back in the day, the tunnels linked up and you could have walked from Fife to Lothian via the mine workings.

This idea in the article seems like utter nonsense, and the fact that it's in an article on a reputable website doesn't give me any confidence it isn't.
I remember the first time I got one of these "Nigerian scam" mails. In retrospect it is funny that what made me suspicious was not the offer to make millions in return for an upfront price of a few thousand bucks; it was the fact that the mail did not address me by name but started with the claim that I seemed to be trustworthy person. If I was trying to move a huge amount of money out of the country, would I ask some random stranger on the Internet for help? Exactly.

At dinner, I told my parents about it. My mother's husband, who is a (now retired) police officer who worked in white collar crime for more than a decade, started to laugh. "Do they still use that old trick?" And so I learned that this particular type of scam dates back at least to the 1980s, when scammers used fax to contact their potential victims.
Ask HN: Organising startup team for scale
How do you organise for scale, going from 5 to 500. How does L1, L2, L3 hierarchies are created? What are the basic rules which everyone must follow in an organization. When should you fire a person?
Muneebadesign
There seem to be a lot of Teslas in Hong Kong, too. I wonder if the same reasoning also applies?
Because of the New York effect. The personal information density is so high that we tune it out automatically as not to be overwhelmed. Outside privacy cannot be maintained so we strengthen the inner one, by not paying attention to other humans.
Go to New York and you'll bump into people every 5 steps you'll take, but you'll just ignore them and they will ignore you. There will be no meaningful relationship there, others may be furniture, just as well.
So we get more lonely as we get more connected.

Personally I think our jungle - evoluted monkey brains are not capable of dealing with so many social connections, as we used to live in smaller groups, of 30 or so. So we just tune out the overwhelming information.
They are exporting more petrol vehicles than ever before.
I've just tested it, still working.

Mind you I'm using Firefox 61 (current version is 63). I switched off auto-updates when it kept changing my user interface and trashing the extensions I need to use to make the web half-usable (e.g. Adblock Plus, Bypass Paywalls, Disable Javascript, Font Contrast Fix, Stylish).

I'm guessing Firefox 63 doesn't let you run Bypass Paywalls, then? I suspect if fucks up other stuff, though I'm not trying it to find out.

If Firefox want to increase their market share, a good start would be not to make changes that are actively hostile to the user.
Science as a system of producing knowledge (and rules for what to do and how to live) differs from religion in key ways:

1. It places empirical observation as the ultimate form of evidence, as opposed to scripture/existing knowledge.

If you observe something that contradicts existing theories and other people can make that observation then existing theories are disproven, the end. This still takes time to propagate, but really only for highly complicated abstract theories(of which climate change might be one!)

2. Science has a built in competitive market type process for selecting 'scripture' and an incentive to constantly be updating it.

Religions have more bureaucratic/despotic approaches to updating knowledge(college of cardinals/pope, influential preachers etc).

3. The core questions science tackles are physical and amenable to observation and maths. The core questions religion tackles are metaphysical, or to put them in evo-psych terms to do with selecting and reproducing rules of behavior that produce good societies in which to live over tens/hundreds of generations.

In as much as science tries to enter into that hyper-long term planning game it should be treated with extreme suspicion, it's a different statistical environment to that of physics and the existing statistical tools of science are probably not up to the task. It's the land of Taleb's fat tails and iterated games and exponential chaos, not statistically modelable quantum experiments(top pick a complicated but tractable problem).

Shitty metaphor: Hard sciences are about solving P problems, or at worst approximating NP or worse, but still computable, problems. Religion and social science are about providing heuristics to uncomputable problems(if you have a C program and all it does is return then it definitely halts etc). In as much as people take the NP approximations as seriously as the P solutions, they're in for some rude awakenings. In as much as a lot of our society does then we're in for a bumpy ride.
It's more of a hierarchy than groups, actually. If a user indicates that a pair of maroon walking shoes were relevant to their query for "red sneakers", then we have learned that "red sneakers" is associated, in order of decreasing strength, with e.g.

- maroon walking shoes
- walking shoes
- casual shoes
- footwear
- clothes

And obviously the same thing can be applied to generalize over the query. These hierarchies are constructed statically and dynamically with unsupervised learning, and then associations from query to groups happens dynamically.
> They are not going anywhere until there appears ...

Check NIU, they are getting close.
"Arab spring", indeed...
You may be looking for something like AdGuard: https://github.com/AdguardTeam/AdGuardForSafari
She is signaling her virtue by leaving those platforms, just like social media promoters signal their own virtue in other ways (diet, exercise, food pictures, stories about how awesome and relaxing they are at child care, etc) on those platforms.
The spiral rule is wrong. It breaks for things as simple as arrays of arrays.

// +---------+
// | +--+ |
// | ^ | |
int /*|*/ aa[2][3];
// ^ | | |
// | +------+ |
// +--------------+

The correct result is "aa is a (2-element) array of a (3-element) array of ints".

To get the correct interpretation, you have to know that the spiral has to avoid the "int" element after passing through "[2]". This defeats the purpose of the spiral, since the line sometimes goes through the element and sometimes it doesn't. For example if it were "int * paa[2][3]" instead, the correct order is { [2]; [3];* ; int }. Note how the star is first avoided and comes after [3]. A 2-array of a 3-array of pointer to int.

How would you know when the spiral "avoids" the element on the left and when it doesn't? Well, you need to know the declaration grammar to know that [] and () bind stronger than the thing on the left, so you need to process those first. But if you know this, drawing a spiral is redundant, because you already parsed the thing.

I think the spiral rule is inherently wrong and should not be reposted as a helpful cheat-sheet for parsing C/C++ declaration syntax.
Neither of those are especially descriptive. X tells you no more than Röntgen does.
The plates are green for EVs. The blue electric BYD taxis are newer, quieter, cleaner and better maintained, and - significantly for foreigners - substantially more spacious. It's not just the cost, it's the comfort.
Kotlin multi-platform also reuses native Widgets/UI but the DX doesn’t seem very polished yet.

Does something like this exist in Crystal-lang or Nim? Using native widgets to do cross-platform is appealing, but C++ ...?
Yes it's pretty nasty. For generic stuff, the supermarket manipulates the supplier by pushing huge supply demands on them so they shoot their smaller customers. This leads to a single customer scenario, then the supermarket abuses their position by threatening to pull contracts if the supplier doesn't reduce costs etc. Some of the suppliers teeter on the verge of bankruptcy most of the time.

That's how you get your cheap stuff.

On a positive note the supplier can protest by folding or reducing the quality or fucking up so much that the supermarket gets a bad name because it's their brand on it.
I think the latter restriction is because multi-user macOS are rare. Linuxbrew is very much oriented towards non-root uses and works quite well on a multi-user system. In fact, unprivileged use on multi-user systems is the main reason I think Linuxbrew is useful.

I agree that Homebrew very aggressively focuses only on the common case (newest version, few/no options). I think it's the right choice, as Homebrew is never the only way to install something. It would be bad if RPM had made the same design tradeoff, though.
And what do you do in winter? In many mountain areas you can't grow sensitive plants unprotected even in summer...
What if the sandbox completely denies any method of timing to the untrusted code? Including thread to thread communication.

Timing related side channels seem unavoidable, but that doesn't mean that answer in -> answer out computation is necessarily intrinsically able to perform it.

Also, if you can trust code to not be malicious, but not to be correct, loading code via WASM and executing it in the same address space isn't necessarily crazy.
Always found it odd that a data oriented language didn't have XPath equivalent.
If someone is not willing to contact me via classic phone, mail or SMS well... I do not need to be contacted. It's not a matter of social ostracization.

Also IMO it's a lesson I give for free to my contacts because I explain why I do not use such services.
A few months ago here in Zhuhai I met a guy who works for a UK vehicle conglomerate here in China that sells buses to Canada (Toronto if I recall). May have even been an international parent of the same group. Operations all over the world. IIRC they buy the chassis and bits out of China, and assemble in the US for Canada. He was explaining the chassis design for a Canadian bus is actually quite interesting. Due to the heavy use of salt on roads, it has to be quite expensively produced due to the speed of corrosion.
None of the other browser extensions in the test are Anti-Viruses yet they seem to block fine many of the malware threats

Furthermore, what is the purpose of Malvertising filter list by Disconnect​​​​​​​​​, Malware Domain List​​​​​, Malware domains, in uBlock Origin if they can't protect the user from malwares?
Ask HN: How do you keep track of comments in HN?
Whenever I reply to a thread, I don't have any way of getting notified if a reply is made to my comment. How do you keep track of conversations that are pending in HN?