skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
VPN just shifts the trust from your ISP to the VPN company.

It doesn't matter where they're based. If you pay with a credit card under your real name the burden of risk is always on you and if the company has agreements with whichever jurisdiction you are in then they will collaborate with LE.

that said, trust is fickle: The ultimate example of why not to put trust in companies was WoSign/StartCom.

WoSign acquired Startcom because they were a trusted fresh player with a still untarnished name and available cheaply (also thanks to Eddy Nigg and his investor Wes Kussmaul who both saw no conflict of interest and indeed claimed in public Eddy didn't know who the buyer actually was until it was too late).

When somebody shows up with a fat cheque and tells your VPN company that Christmas came early, and that they're being bought out, then you have no reason to continue to trust or? Yet people do continue to trust (see the N.N. Taleb Turkey problem). People then are forgetting their trust assumption actually doesn't hold when main mode of growth for the company is M&A and not product development & innovation.

When trust is just a commodity that can be acquired and resold willy-nilly by some people with enough cash, then the product/service is automatically snake-oil (no matter if the crypto and the implementation of the software is 100% rock solid and was written by gods).

For VPN's a good rule is to choose a neutral company that has very little in common with you. If you are doing shit in Iran don't use an Iranian VPN company. likewise if you do shit in Russia then US/UK VPN should be safer than a VPN located in Cyprus.

If you do "shit" against Turkey, with a VPN in Australia while you are based in Taiwan that's 3 jurisdictions and much better than doing shit against Turkey connecting from Australia with your VPN based in Australia.

Finally it is best not to do shit, but sometimes doing shit is the only way crimes by governments and those in power can be exposed.
The one time I tried biscuits and gravy in Texas, I was honestly pretty disgusted - the 'bisuits' were dry and bland, and the 'gravy' was... well, it was horrible. It was kind of like a really badly made bechamel - lumpy, a most unappetising colour (I'm colour blind, but I would have guessed grey), and with the strange additions of some kind of poor quality cheese, and lots and lots of sugar. Just... wrong.

I hope I just had a bad rendition, but it has put me off for life.
A very interesting and related thing are images generated using the Yahoo NSFW classification neural network.

It's fairly NSFW: https://open_nsfw.gitlab.io
It all depends on how you approach them. If you see comprehensions as a different form of a for loop, I would tend to agree; but if instead you see them as a different form of a map+filter combination, they suddenly become much more clear.
Here is Baker Street Station in 1863 and in 2018 - still recognisably the same station that opened over 150 years ago:

https://twitter.com/mrtimdunn/status/951170658171580417

https://unsplash.com/photos/2kp-Nn1Z6B8
I somehow have the suspicion that the guy is proud of his insight and disappointed to be right at the same time.
The Hidden Dangers You Have Never Noticed: Target = “_blank” and “opener”
I'm pretty sure my Pi failures where due to weak power supplies. I tried running a Raspberry Pi 1 B on a 1 A power supply, and after a few months it wouldn't boot. Since then I've switched to a bigger SD card (16 GB) for better wear leveling, and a 2,5 A power supply and haven't had any issues yet.
Also this:

https://community.cloudflare.com/t/archive-is-error-1001/182...
In British usage, the government is strictly the executive. We don't have formal separation of powers, and the courts and Parliament are very clear they aren't part of the government. You can see this from Parliament's insistence on using 'parliament.uk' rather than .gov.uk, and the judges similarly with judiciary.uk.

Bluntly, Parliament is Parliament. (Her Majesty's) Government overlaps it, but is not the same. The DCMS committee in particular scrutinises government, but isn't part of it. I guess you could describe Parliament as being able to exercise (a few) State powers, but they really aren't a branch of government on the US theory.
These customised Pi packages are hit and miss indeed but you can very often find a pretty neat plug-and-play solution for your particular problem that saves you time, so paying $150 instead of $75 is great ROI for your business.
The relevance of the distinction is that neither is theft. And trying to fit them into that framework just adds confusion.

https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/not-ipr.en.html
The parent comment referred specifically to North America. No doubt London is quite different.
Makes you wonder why we don't sell flour by protein content. Meaning, instead of "cake flour", sell "flour, 6% by wheat protein, good for cakes."

Maybe flour producers ought to have to label protein content on the label (even in small text), so that it's easier to find the right flour for recipes.
Japan has very limited wind energy currently (< 1% of grid generation).

Unlike many European countries, Japan is surrounded by deep waters, which makes constructing offshore turbines more difficult and expensive. But the recent development of floating wind turbines which can operate in much deeper waters means that may change.

However, there is an argument that hydrogen electrolysis is not an efficient use of electricity. By the time you've electrolysed water, transported the H2, and converted it back to electricity in a fuel cell, you've lost at least 70% of the original energy.

So unless there is a lot of surplus electricity generation that would otherwise be wasted, it makes more sense to use it directly where possible. Storage technologies (such as chemical batteries, heat batteries) may be more economic than H2 electrolysis/distribution.
I'm not sure doing it online is particular useful in that case. As it takes at best a couple of days to receive the card you ordered, were you willing to be stuck at that place (or hotel) for days without the card?

As a Korean student who have studied in America and England, I found Citibank useful enough in my case. Citibank is particular good at international personal banking services and they have branches across pretty many countries. When I lost my wallet in Prague 7 years ago, I could visit a Prague branch to withdraw some money without a card immediately (called Emergency Cash or something) , confirming my identity with my passport and calling a Korean branch to make sure it's me. I'm not sure I could make a card in Prague though.
Of course they did. In an industry full of shady characters, LinkedIn is among the worst. They're proof that dark patterns and other nasty tactics are profitable, and also that if you make enough money, people in the valley will look past how you made it. The fact that Hoffman is enthusiastically welcomed in polite society says something not great about Silicon Valley ethics.
I moved to Germany ten years ago. One of the nice things in this country is that they have a numbering system for classifying flour and they have lots of different varieties that are available in most supermarkets. A few years ago I got into making pizza's from scratch and sort of did a deep dive into what these numbers mean and in the process figured out what to look for in flour.

In the case of a pizza you want finely milled white flour with lots of protein. That means in the numbering system the Germans have you don't want to go too high. The numbers refer to dry ashes (mostly minerals) that remain after burning a certain amount of flour. Dark breads tend to have higher numbers. The darker the higher. Germans really love their dark breads. Forget about making pizza with whole wheat flour or rye based flours.

So, for pizza you want to go low. But you should not go too low either because that means you have cake flour which has less protein. You need protein to form gluten and you need gluten to get a nice stretchy dough. Crumbly pizzas are not a thing.

So, that narrowed it down substantially. German supermarkets generally carry at least 3 different types of white flower: two regular flours with 405 and 550. And a spelt flower with the number 630. The 550 and 630 flours look very similar and they have similar protein content. The 405 has a lower content and is not really great for bread. I mostly use the 630 but have also used the 550. Technically the latter is probably closer to what an Italian would consider acceptable.

What is sold in the US as all purpose flour is highly processed stuff (bleaching is a thing) that has medium protein content and is relatively low in nutritional value. The problem is with the "all purpose" part. That means it must have some protein, otherwise it would be useless for things that require that. Probably it is not super high either otherwise it would be useless for making cakes or indeed biscuits. It's a compromise in other words. Optimized for people that are mostly clueless about this stuff trying to make things like pancakes, muffins, waffels, and other staples of US cuisine.
I believe it's normal to use the language of the context/subject, that a brand new Congressman is part of the US government but the chairman of a Parliament select committee isn't. Other times that chairmain could be considered part of the government, such as when he follows the whip on a vote.
That sounds too glib to be true.

Consider nuclear weapons. About eight or nine armies have that, nearly 100% made in the relevant country... those factories were started with the clear condition that they would produce for the domestic market only, they set their prices accordingly, and it worked.

What doesn't work is encouraging people to invest in arms production and later telling them they cannot export. Doing that may work, but the prohibition often fails. And fairly IMO. Those are long-term investments and it's not fair to change the rules on much shorter notice.
As a long time HN member since 2012 or so, I will say...

HN has become a lot harder to get a story to the front page or even upvoted, based on merit. I used to be able to get stories to the front page repeatedly early on. Then it became that you had to ask a few friends to help upvote it to give it a kickstart. Now it never gets to even 10 votes no matter how good it is, while the exact same story may hit the front page.

Meanwhile there are tons of people that have voting rings or paying for upvoting services.

Something needs to change, the same way Reddit’s ranking algorithm was changed based on Randall Munroe’s public suggestion.

I want to ask the HN submitters here: in the last 1-2 years, what percentage of your contributions have been upvoted to the front page organically and why?

Or maybe ask the other way... of those that have, what was it? Because it’s certainly not the actual link or title, since ones submitted later with nearly exact same ones were upvoted much more heavily.
> I am 99% sure LinkedIn used my IP address to match with my second floor neighbor, despite their claims that they would never use IP address as a connection data point.

The way the creepiest connections have been made for me are by search terms. I didn't open a LinkedIn account until a couple years ago, and I was immediately shown the profiles of people who had probably just searched my name on LinkedIn (and not found me) over the previous four or five years, including some random young woman I met in a Starbucks once.

It's possible your neighbour searched your name.
I've tried all these "ways around it", but SD card corruption still happens on Raspberry Pi's. We use them as dashboards around the office so having them running 24/7 really tests these devices.

I've found that the only working recipe for a stable Raspberry Pi is a USB hard drive (prefer SSD but mechanical also fine), and a UPS.

My simple advice is: do not try to run Raspberry Pi from SD cards in "production" under any circumstances on a large scale, as you will run into filesystem corruption and create a lot of work for yourself.
Back in the leaded fuel / inefficient car era, a good metric for an unusually clear day is that you could see dish rotation on Umunhum from across the valley.
It always depends on your problems, your targets and your metrics. The most critical aspect for many industrial applications is false positives, so that machine learning extreme / redundant optimisation becomes cheaper for the business in the long term.
Is there a mathematically sound way to combined API results to obtain a higher confidence? Applying Bayes training on top perhaps?
It's often a combination of the power supply and the type of SD cards, but eventually you will have a failure no matter what SD card you use. I've learned this the hard way from running dozens of Pi's 24/7. Looking back, I regret the decision to use Raspberry Pi. See my comment below.
Ask HN: What is your book wishlist for this Christmas?
The Yahoo NSFW classifier that is mentioned is available here: https://github.com/yahoo/open_nsfw

I wonder if there's a way to ship this model and run it in an end-user app, in a way that does not require additional setup. I could use that.
Show HN: Pypyjs todomvc
I'd almost say 'used to be' - most people don't think it's OK nowadays to give a baby/toddler what is essentially a hard lump of sugar that they suck for hours on end.

Source: I'm a parent of young kids, and know dozens of others as a result; I don't know a single person that gave their kid a rusk.
Personally I much prefer Twitter threads like this to big, long, overly descriptive blog posts. The improvisational nature of the writing, plus the interleaved commentary from other interesting people, make it much more conversational and easy to digest.
Metrication in the US and UK are very similar. The US has an actual federal law on the books declaring metric to be the official system of weights and measures nationwide.

And... we still use a mix of systems, including in "official" things like road signage. In much the same way, Brits still order beer by the pint, read their speedometers in miles per hour, etc. etc.
you can just put a wpa_supplicant.conf file on the USB stick partition and it will automatically connect to your wifi[1]. This seems like an overengineered approach that is far more complicated...

[1] https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/configuration/wire...
A flippening between Bitcoin Cash and EOS may be imminent
Translators: Last Week Tonight with John Oliver (HBO)
Gratitude as a method of elevating one's mood
Of course, no problem!
Yes. And thankfully, Ruth Porat has controlled the losses otherwise around 2013 they were on fire,bought so many robotics companies etc. Though, the incentive structure at the Self Driving project led to a lot of great engineers leaving the project and making tons of . I was also excited for Project Soli. Haven't seen any update regarding their work in 3 years. Waiting to see how Loon, Wing monetize as they graduated this year from X.
No idea why I got downvotes on my 1st comment above. Probably, Snapchat or other insignificant Social startup employees.
In the UK context the government is a body of Parliament, not the other way around.

A committee is not of government as it will include MPs from all sides, and seeks non-partisan balance no matter which party is currently in government. The Digital, Culture, Media and Sport Committee currently has 5 members from each of the main parties and one from the LibDems.

Committees can, at times, be quite strident in their criticism of government.
Operation Argus was primarily a DARPA operation, if I am not wrong. Why are they writing Pentagon all over?
to be fair its more than a wget, the api has serious limitations for getting pages of tweets, but it does seem expensive
There's another issue - metastability - in some designs with multiple clock domains it's not possible to create absolutely reliable chips - things fail (dynamically, usually without any damage to the chip though there's actually a minute chance of runaway power eating cascades of failure, something we try to avoid).

For example the graphics back end of a video card is running its framebuffer memory at a different clock rate from the video dot clock, at some point pixel data has to move from one clock domain to the other - metastability failure might cause an occasional bad pixel on the screen, you can do the math, trade latency (and more gates) for reliability so that you see that pixel burble once a year.

Other times it could be worse - I worked on a chip where we did the math on whether the PCI interface would suffer synchroniser failure and what the worst case failure was (maybe bus lockup?), in the end the boss signed off on once a year ... which at the time was ~100 times the mean Win95 uptime

So we do sort of do that math, knowing that you can't 'fix' metastability issues, just make them rare
> What we also don’t really know here — the DPC doesn’t really address it — is where LinkedIn obtained those 18 million email addresses, and any other related data, in the first place.

Well, one such source of email addresses was me.

When I joined it more than 10 years ago, I was not as privacy aware as I am today. So, upon joining, I uploaded my address book to connect to people who already had a LinkedIn account.

I shortly after realized that they abused it. They sent an invite email to every person that was not on their platform.

I only got to know about it becasue one of my university professors sent me an email saying that she was not interested in joining yet another network. I had to apologize, because I did not expect that to happen.

To this day, LinkedIn still uses that information to suggest new connections to me and to prompt me to invite people that are still not on their platform.

In retrospect, it was a stupid move to upload my address book, but I'm sure I am not the only one that made that mistake, and probably many people still do nowadays.
Nine Views
Instalar WordPress en AWS
internally the hardware that's doing this for you has to carry that extra precision (in a carry bit usually) in order to do this - it may not be architecturally visible but it has to be there
If it survives a hundred years, it will probably be like the old axe that had its head replaced twice and it’s handle three times.
I like futurists, they are probably the number one source of bs.
I'm using it and it's great: https://n26.com
This article is very simplistic.

The question "What can we know?" is one of the central questions of philosophy. (see metaphysics.) Answers go back to Platos cave allegory (and even further) to discuss it without mentioning some great philosophers like Plato, Descartes and Kant (at least) is criminally neglegient.
Similar goes for the question "What do we mean when we say words?". While to my understanding it has only become important in the 20th century, Nietzsche was neither the last nor the most famous. Not mentioning Wittgenstein or Derrida is similarly neglegient.

The whole blue-green color blindness experiment is very ill concieved:
Assume you send a '1' (ascii character in some network endianness) to two computers one with big endian encoding, one with little endian encoding. Both correctly parse the character into an unsigned char. One into '10000000' and one into '00000001'. Does now one computer see the '1' as '128' if so which one?
And what would the activation pattern of neurons which represent 1 mean to that computer?
Perception means to translate an external simulus into an internal representation. Of course the internal representation might be different for different systems. So the only way we can compare those impressions is via the stimuli that they reference and the position we use to reason about them.

Consider two mathematical notations which are identical except they have exchanged the meaning of '0' and '1'.

One system would give as some of the axioms:

x * 0=0

x * 1=x

x+0 = x

The other would give :

x * 1 = 1

x * 0 = x

x+1 = x

because the axioms correspond we could show that the notations equivalent. Even if their representations of the neutral elements are vastly different.

Interesting there might be a way to use something similar for colors: It is known that colors influence the mood(red makes you agitated, blue calms down...). If this is inborn to humans and not learned, one could actually compare perceptions of colors. If you blue agitate you but calms me down and red calms you down but agitates me. It would not be wrong to say you percieve colors differntly. (Of course it would be equivalent to say "we percieve them the same way, but you react differntly to them").
The faster you unlearn OOP, the better for you and your software
Yes but books sum up a large amount of research and give you references to it. That's a way better start than cherrypicking a few studies online.
Breathing Through the Nose May Offer Unique Brain Benefits
You are mistaken, this is not a myth. Synchronous digital chips have a clock with a fixed frequency, and their working is fixed. So if it works, a chip perform exactly the same, regardless of age. If something's slower, it's software or pheripherals. Probably software (and that's why some people are so upset: hardware is getting faster, observed performance keeps degrading. I have to wait 10 minutes for my computer before I can start working, every day).
By Newton’s method, do you mean simple gradient descent?
Could this be used for space projects, like satellites? (Thinking about the name)
Revolut[1] seems perfect, I cannot recommend them enough. With their premium plan you get 1% cashback on all card purchases outside the EU as well. The support is great, if your card gets cloned or something.

You also can fluidly and transparently transfer between all different currencies at the interbank rate, which I find is great for travelling back home (Most of my cash is in Euros).

They are really, really good.

1. https://www.revolut.com/
I agree, which is why in a properly designed system you would run from initrd, its a single purpose system after all.
No need for any sd card access once the image has been read into RAM. The SD card is read-only in this case.
Also, I wouldnt trust consumer sd cards at all, they typically lack to necessary features to store data reliably anyway.
Swathing is going out of fashion, as most farmers desiccate to ripen their crops
The alternatives are either using the pythagoras algorithm, which only makes sense for short distances (unless you are a flat earth believer) or the haversine algorithm: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haversine_formula. Haversine is fine unless you really need super accurate results. The shorter the distance the less of an issue this is.

If you are doing simple distance searches on a map with small radiuses, use whatever is good enough. I've used pythagoras for this in the past as part of a ranking formula as it is a lot cheaper to do that and it does not have to be super accurate.
Absolutely it's a tragedy of the commons. That's why it's such a hard problem to solve.

But one way we often solve these problems is with taxes. We pay for all sorts of public goods with taxes and it works pretty well. So I completely support a high tax on carbon, even if it significantly impacts my personal wealth.
I love N26. I use it everyday. It is free, great conversion rate etc. it even works with Apple Pay. I know I sound like a paid advertiser, but I swear I just love their service

Some nice things:
- you can pay with it during a flight, not possible with most of the online bank
- depending on the country you can apply for overdraft
- you can get cards that include different types of insurance, free withdrawals in any currency etc
- you can have a savings account
- you can even open business accounts
and many more

Affiliate link, we will both get €15:
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Non-affiliate link:
https://n26.com

//added more info
I presume the majority of that difference is because there's a healthy market for VPNs with practically no barrier to entry, whereas your ISP is a monopoly usually, or a duopoly if you're lucky.