skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
The argument is that there is also a burden/liability cost of bringing on an additional 25,000 citizens. They will have students that go to NYC schools, they will have disputes that need police officers, they will have emergencies that need EMTs/Firefighters, and they will have have cases that may burden the court system. They will also use the subway and they will litter and they will wear down the roads. These add burden costs to the city.

Yes they will easily generate more than $6,100 in revenue per year for the city from income tax alone (6.65% is the NYC current tax rate in the $79,000 - $215,000 income bracket. This would bring in $7,248.50 a year based on the average of $109K income from income tax alone. Yes these employees will buy lunch everyday, they will buy TVs and iPads and bed sheets and alcohol and stuff. They will pay 8.85% sales tax on all these goods (only 4.5% of which goes to the city). If we assume they spend 50% of their income on sales taxable goods then they would pay another $9,646.50 a year in sales tax.

So the question is how much on average does one citizen cost the city (the burden cost). As long as it is less than $16,895 (the sum of both previous figures) than things should be ok.

The city also monetizes its' citizens through other means such as traffic tickets, property tax, state lottery sales, cigarettes, alcohol purchases, etc. So this $16K number is a low-ball figure.

I am inclined to believe that the burden cost of a citizen is well below $10k a year. For easy math if we assume that a citizen does cost the city $10k per year, and the tax subsidies do cost $6,100 per year then that means the overall burden cost is $16,100 which would be the break-even point for an amazon employee. Money the city can earn on that employee above that figure would generate a net-benefit for the city. Anything below that figure would be a net-determinate to the city.
Its rational to not entertain amazon's offer only if you know for certain nobody else will either. The first one to defect gets everything.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superrationality
> Nix, Guix and Spack packager managers solved the C++ ABI issue a long time ago

Yes this is certainly something that is solvable at the package manager level also. And this approach will certainly have shorter compile times.

I agree it would be nice if Bazel integrated with package managers like this more easily. I hope Bazel adds support for this. There is a trade-off though: with less control over the specific version of your dependencies, there is a greater risk of build failure or bugs arising from an untested configuration. Basically this approach outsources some of the testing and bugfixing from the authors to the packagers. But it's a trade-off I know many people are willing to make.

> Can I use that to specify a flag to some target and not some other ? Without having to build sequentially each of them ?

You can put copts=["<opt>"] in the cc_library() rules in the BUILD file. This will give per-target granularity. You can add a select() based on compilation_mode if you need to define opt-only flags: https://docs.bazel.build/versions/master/configurable-attrib...

> Bazel try to build in isolated environment but do half of the job. It still depends on system compiler, and do not chroot nor "compiler-wrap" ( c.f Spack ) making the build still very vulnerable of system side effect and update.

Bazel allows you to define your own toolchain. This can support cross-compiling and isolating the toolchain I believe, though I don't have any direct experience with this: https://docs.bazel.build/versions/master/toolchains.html

> I can understand that Bazel is very convenient in Google environment with Google resources. But it's a nightmare for everyone I talked to outside of Google.

I hear you and I hope that we see some improvements to integrate better with package managers.

FWIW, I have been experimenting with auto-generating CMake from my Bazel BUILD file for my project https://github.com/google/upb. My plan is to use Bazel for development but have the CMake build be a fully supported option also for users who don't want to touch Bazel.
What is Facebook's exact policy for removing legitimate accounts with real American citizens behind them just posting political memes and organizing?
That's more than a lot of startup accelerators give, so I think the answer is that it potentially lets a company get it's footing long enough to experience growth and self-sustain. This is a Y-Combinator affiliated website, after all...
Granted, this is Python, but I wrote this a while back: https://github.com/scooby/pyrsistent-mutable

Basically, it's an AST translator that lets you use imperative syntax against immutable types. That is, `x.a = b` becomes the clunky `x = x.set('a', b)`, and it really gets convenient when you have complex structures.

Would it be worth it to look into a babel plugin for Javascript and ImmutableJS?
Interesting, looks like its unconstitutional too...

"""
...that Draconian approach was the brainchild of Korea’s military leader, Chun Doo Hwan, who took power in 1980 and almost immediately banned private teaching (known as kwawoe). Chun’s goals were to equalize educational opportunities for the poor and to relieve parents of the burden of paying for education. The ban lived on until last month, when the Constitutional Court, Korea’s highest court, ruled that it is unconstitutional because it “infringes upon the basic rights of the people to educate their children.”
"""
Dear Jeff [Bezos]
The cities who bid obviously did a calculation and decided that it was net worth it... otherwise why on earth do you think they did it?

And it's not a zero-sum game. Perhaps a better proposition from a city makes a more productive Amazon? We're talking about efficient transport and things here, after all.

Your approach is let everyone make things equally as bad and let Amazon pick any of the worst. Amazon's approach is 'what can cities do to help us maximise both our success and yours?'

I think it's positive and constructive.
I’ve worked as a level designer on FPS games. Dynamic generation might suit certain types of games (or something like an event mode), but a huge amount of design work and iteration goes into the layout of multiplayer game levels to make them enjoyable.

It’s also important that players/teams can memorise the level layouts in order to form strategies.

Still a cool idea though!
Period-tracking apps are not for women
This is wage economics 101, people have a visceral reaction to any evidence of unfairness. The same issue occurs in a slowing economy, where in an efficient market you would want to reduce costs by reducing wages, but in practice this is impossible. What happens instead is people never get a pay rise, and inflation reduces their effective wage. Nobody minds this latter option at all, despite the fact it is materially the same thing as a wage reduction.

I'm surprised Gitlab makes their policy explicit, it must create a lot of issues for them eg the reaction here. No doubt other companies achieve the same thing (because at the end of the day, it reduces costs), they just do it in less obvious ways.
Looks interesting, thanks. I'll try to check it later.
The server can establish an ordering for the collapse events, and send back to the client that ordering.

Edit: depending on how complex the world is, the server could probably just send out the world changes itself, rather than relying on each client to correctly (deterministically) apply the changes. It needs to do so anyhow for late joiners.
Ask HN: I've been a programmer for 6 years, and I can't solve basic CS problems
Hi HN.

My fianceè is currently enrolled on CS50 Introduction to Computer Science online.

I'm a programmer and have been for around 5-6 years, I started with VB.NET since I first started learning, then progressed onto Web Development at a large agency for 4 years (PHP, JS, React) and I'm now back with VB.NET.

I've worked with a few "complicated" (they were to me) projects in the past, but now I'm being tasked with guiding my fianceè with this course.

Some of the problems which she is expected to solve are pretty simple problems, but I just can't seem to get the hang of any of them on my own.

I would have thought that my last 5-6 years of experience would at least help me here. I can point out basic syntax errors and help with debugging, but when it comes to me trying to solve these problems on my own, I don't know where to start.

It makes me question how I was hired in the first place.

Sorry for the rant, but I was just wondering if anyone else felt like this.
That's not a very convincing counterargument given that both parties seem to enthusiastically support things like corporate welfare, bogus patents, copyright and other censorship, warrentless surveilance and other domestic spying, private citizens being less well armed than goverment thugs, various horrendous dysfunctions of the health care system, and conditional welfare that cuts people off if they make any progress toward climbing out of poverty, and oppose things like nuclear power, basic income, common carriage requirements for ISPs and gigasites like facebook and google, and crackdowns on techinically-not-lying in contracts and advertisement.
and they call you people lazy
> How am I supposed to spend the time reading all the code on your github account

Easy - spend the 45 minutes that you had allotted for whiteboard challenges.

> how can I be sure that you're the one who wrote that code?

You can't be, if the Github account has a single repo with a single commit. But impressive OSS has a history of commits, maybe even a community working with the applicant.

As a random example, do you really think it would be possible for someone to fake an account like this?
https://github.com/pedronauck

Even if someone went through the trouble to clone someone else's repo, modify all the commit messages to re-attribute them, and modify the code and commit messages enough to make it not obvious plagiarism, do you really think they could bullshit their way through a quick conversation about the code? Spend 20 minutes digging into it, and then ask pertinent questions about decisions made in the architecture. It'll become clear if this person is the author.

It's theoretically possible that someone could put in all the work to pull off a convincing fraud, but do you really think that's likely?

> How do I know that your previous employers and clients weren't all bozos or that you didn't slack off and let your teammates do all the work?

It's true that there is no perfect signal here, but the odds of this being true are not 50/50. It's not 100% accurate, but having references and employment history is better than nothing.

---

To be clear, I don't think OSS inspection is perfect as a hiring tool - it biases towards folks with the privilege to spend their free time working on passion projects - and I'd object to it being the sole determining factor. But I think the signal is far stronger than it is from whiteboarding, where the false negative rate is super high (I doubt most competent programmers would accurately showcase their skill in this environment).

There is no perfect hiring practice, but to immediately disregard anything that has even a negligible potential for fraud feels a bit silly to me.
I Take Back My Praise of Jeff Flake’s Book
It's death by a thousand cuts. If Amazon really needed to expand their HQ and add 50,000 new jobs, they would do so regardless of any tax incentives. By pitting cities against one another, Amazon privatizes some of the gain that would have otherwise been public.

Repeat a few hundred times in cities around the country and huge sums are being handed over to corporations needlessly.
and Museum of the Moving Image
>I've written entire sites on my own that happily run today.

This is probably the key issue. You're either working by yourself or you are on small enough team projects that it's easy to recognize when you are breaking things with a change.

Tests are about rapidly detecting regressions in a programmatic way. It should not require manually testing every time you want to make a small change to the code base and if you depend on reviewers seeing that a change will break something, you are in for a world of hurt on any large project.

Every large project I've been on that has skipped tests has ended up turning into a shitshow where master is broken for days at a time and you can't even tell the cause without hours of manual testing with bisection.
too little too late but better than nothing.
>That being said, I would be interested in how you reached the conclusion that people are more trusting of medium articles?

Really just from my own experience. I've been writing and posting content for a few years and usually I get more clicks and comments when using the medium domain. (not always but noticeably more often)
+1M to the idea to leverage CUER data to filter recommendations. That would be awesome.
"A security kernel based on the lambda calculus" http://mumble.net/~jar/pubs/secureos/

http://cap-lore.com/CapTheory/upenn/
Many if not most tests are a waste of time (especially when the same guarantees are provided by, say, a type system).

That said, automated tests catch a problem that would make it to production just about weekly in my experience. If you're trying to do any kind of HA/CI/CD they're really really helpful. Beyond that, isolated "unit tests" are somewhat helpful too in my experience, but only so far as they allow you to easily run your test suite (and rarely, find bugs faster).
It's really not. There's no probability field (unless you count booleans as a scalar), no complex numbers, and no entanglement.

It's just constraint propogation, optimized for certain conditions and given a fancy name.

I guess you could call it a markov random field, but I don't think it does unbiased sampling.
> "they" said they are hardly "major"?

Why would I care what "they" say if I have first hand knowledge about whether it's major or not?

> For example, the government is sending massive amount of people (village by village) to reeducation camps in Xinjiang province. Do you think the official news media will report any of this?

The government actually publicly addressed that a while ago and I've seen it in news. It's very different from what the western media claims of course, and it's a complicated issue like the fake news.

Also, it's mostly western media that cares the most about these topics, not the "individual self media".
Ah ok. Fair enough. I don't think medium works for that.
How new grads can profit from a Data Science Mentor
Somebody posted another article on threats to academic freedom today[1]. Specific examples are cited in its links. The general idea is basically this:

> I have heard too many stories from my China-based colleagues about rights infringements to list. Common problems include: universities and publishers demanding that research questions and conclusions are in line with the current political orthodoxy, restrictions on traveling abroad for professional conferences, and incessant invitations to “have tea” with security agents.

> Political repression is shutting down many more areas of academic inquiry than just labor scholarship. As the Chinese state cracks down on an increasing array of social actors, including rights lawyers, feminists, ethnic minorities, and religious minorities—both Muslim and Christian—the related topics become off-limits to academic researchers.

It sounds exactly like the sort of thing the journal in this article is for:

> An international group of university researchers is planning a new journal which will allow articles on sensitive debates to be written under pseudonyms. They feel free intellectual discussion on tough issues is being hampered by a culture of fear and self-censorship.

[1]: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=18445470
I agree that on the benchmark of time-to-send-a-message, Zulip is slightly slower than Slack, which is in turn slower than just putting the whole company in a WhatsApp group.

But the end goal is not sending messages, the end goal is getting the person who knows about the projector to see your message and respond, for you to see that response, etc.

In a moderately sized company, Slack is better than the WhatsApp solution, since you can direct the message at roughly the correct set of people, by spending the extra time to choose a channel. In turn, those people are more likely to get the message in time to act on it, because the message won't be buried under tons of messages meant for other people in the company.

Zulip takes that a step further, by adding subject lines to messages. The same tradeoff applies.

I think in the end the question really is how much more work it is to add the extra signal. The best case would be you could send messages like in WhatsApp (no subject line, and every message goes to the entire company), and read messages like in Zulip (subject lines, and with channels limiting audience). For both Zulip and Slack, the premise is that we can drive down the cost of adding the extra signal to low enough.
But most local government pay out goes not on high paid engineers if its anything like the UK - I know someone who was the lead councillor for social services in a large local council he had a large budget.
Frontend programmers are very, very undervalued, I 100% agree. This is because they build the things that your user interacts directly with, where the "rubber meets the road", so to speak. Good FE coders are worth their weight in gold, to any company that has users using their software.
Hmm thanks..but mine didn't have chocolate, butter or eggs or vanilla extract. (Am vegan, don't like chocolate or vanilla extract) The only wet thing was oil I think. Just dry ingredients (maybe flour/oats/coconut/seeds/spices or whatever you want) + sugar + oil. It was 7 minutes cooking.
Pretty difficult to beat the laws of thermodynamics.

QC is a meme.
We spend a lot on social services here in the US, we just don't always get the best value for money.

Here's some stats: https://ballotpedia.org/Analysis_of_spending_in_America%27s_...

NYC spends $8,690 per year per capita, and NY spends an additional $6,804 on top of that. So we're looking at $15.5k spent per year on the average citizen across the state and city. Thus your break-even is actually around $22k in state/local tax revenue per Amazon employee. And in order to reach that, your average single filer Amazon employee will need an income of $230k according to this calculator: https://smartasset.com/taxes/new-york-tax-calculator#UDJIdPT...

Note: I haven't taken property or sales tax into account here; feel free to make reasonable assumptions and do your own math. This will bring the $230k figure down.
I believe in remote work but these numbers are terrible.
Anyone have any experience applying this to the generation of time series data?

It's easy enough to generate random time series data but this looks like a promising way to generate interesting signals with prescribed shapes or features while still being "random".
Guilt by association. If you belong to a certain group then there will be certain assumptions made about you. It is human nature.

This will happen every time you meet someone new, even when the person belongs to the same group as you.

The question is: what do you want to do about it? Is it a reasonable ask for society to suppress how it identifies you? Should you acknowledge the reality and work with it?

Different groups and communities have approached this issue in different ways: band together and support each other, organize politically, organize protests, use guilt, stay low and work hard, use another strength to gain leverage, etc. Some of these strategies and tactics will gain the community respect. Others will strengthen the stereotype - they may get what they want but will lose something else.
> However, I have trouble believing that the "knowledge workers" who will join Amazon would otherwise have been unemployed and underpaid.

No, but they might otherwise have been employed somewhere else, like SF. It's a zero-sum game, which is part of the reason why this whole bidding for corporate headquarters business is silly from a national perspective.
Let me fix this for you: Don't invest any resources into developing for an Apple platform. They will fuck you over whenever they feel like it.
Addendum: actually, github has an RSS feed for the releases page of a repo, so all you have to do is "release" each blog entry
Isn't this all of them?
When I first heard Crystal City, I was thinking first that you couldn't pay me enough for that commute, but then on reflection, if they pay bay-area prices you could afford to have a house between I-395 and the Potomac which would make your commute under 30 minutes.
AMD EPYC based Supercomputer
Operation Infektion: A three-part video series on Russian disinformation
> for questions throughout the day as I attempt to do productive tasks so I can't take some "me time" and 8 hours later, someone responds on the core issue I need to work in... I think this illustratates the issue I and other remote workers often face.

This is how my office life is..
> Maybe it's the Orwellian language. "Inauthentic"?

I used FB since 2007, always with my real name, had around 200 friends, 150+ RL friends (a lot of former classmates). 2016 FB asked to see a copy of my ID to prove I'm a real person. And yes, I made political posts, so I guess someone mass-reported me. I bet you, the accounts who reported me didn't have to show their ID.

So since then I'm Facebook-free. It's not that I'm not aware they probably have all the data that would be in my ID and more anyway, it was a matter of principle, I said enough, this line I will not cross. Who do they think they are?

It's always easy to dismiss such things until they are done to you. Though to be honest, I'm GLAD. I wish it had happened sooner. These people probably considered it a victory for them, but for me they simply made my life better, and more effective at the stuff they hate. But that wasn't their or Facebook's intent.
http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2018/p090..., concludes

”the only machine the author could find using non-two’s complement are made by Unisys, and no counter-example was brought by any member of the C++ standards committee. Nowadays Unisys emulates their old architecture using x86 CPUs with attached FPGAs for customers who have legacy applications which they’ve been unable to migrate. These applications are unlikely to be well served by modern C++, signed integers are the least of their problem. Post-modern C++ should focus on serving its existing users well, and incoming users should be blissfully unaware of integer esoterica.”

That led to the decision that ”Signed Integers are Two’s Complement” in C++ 20.

That makes it too easy to write portable code :-)
At some point the tax breaks mean that increased revenue will not offset the increased infrastructure costs; at that point bidding is no longer rational.
There are some wonderful examples of this in tom7's videos about learnfun/playfun, an AI that (in short, very simple/stupid terms because that's all I know) in learnfun watches human gamepad inputs + the NES memory, and in playfun tries to provide its own inputs to make numbers in certain NES memory locations (those that went up for the human player) go up.

One way to not lose is to just pause the game. Minor spoiler: learnfun figures that one out :-)

http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~tom7/mario/