skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Companies like www.cinegrain.com have been successful by selling grains that have been collected from all available film stocks and licensing them to productions that shoot digital.
I'm not sure datatypes was before 3.0?

But as a great demonstration of why this is fantastic: Amiga software written in the early 1990's [1] can open e.g. WebP files without modification, despite the format being released only in 2010.

[1] Actually even some older ones - since AmigaOS lets you patch OS functionality quite easily, there's a tool - DTConvert - that patches library calls to intercept attempts to read non-IFF image formats and passes it through datatypes, to let even older programs load files supported by datatypes...
Since this is stage 3 this means browsers are beggining to implement it. If you want to try it Chrome has had it since version 67 [1].

[1]: https://developers.google.com/web/updates/2018/05/bigint
If it's not inprint aren't they likely ordering from ABE?
Amazon Breaks Silence on Aiding  Law Enforcement
Please don't get personal in HN arguments.

https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html
Go to http://cidr.xyz
Try out different combinations
Ah, you're right on AD. But backprop was invented in the 80s
It had better not...
I don't see any inconsistency there. For example, I could imagine a value system that solely values the existence of paper clips. Actions that increase the number of paper clips in the universe are good, while actions that decrease the number of paper clips in the universe are bad. Life has value only in as much as it causes paper clips to exist.

It would be a rather silly value system for a human to have, but there wouldn't be any inconsistency in it.
To clarify the exciting headline:

They’re creating cell sized bubbles out of cell like materials, and they’re able to get things inside them.

The opening paragraphs make it sound like they cells can split themselves, but what they’ve actually done is make a chip the can split them. Likewise construction of a cell is done entirely by chip fluidics to create what are afaict lipid bubbles, and they can use similar tech to force non spherical shapes.
Wouldn't burning all station-keeping fuel immediately be better than riding through thicker atmosphere for a while, and burning fuel bit by bit?
> Would you consider drones and smart bombs bad when the alternative is carpet bombing?

That’s a false dichotomy. You could do neither.
With Democrats in control of the House, they can pass Net Neutrality and put some pressure on the Senate. Or package in with a spending deal.
Also cannot read with dark reader. My eyes! -.-
Change the Postal Address
The remarks on computable and continuous functions can also be thought about as follows.

The law of the excluded middle is only one non-constructive aspect of classical mathematics. Dropping it leaves you with what is usually called "intuionistic logic", and the characterization of constructive mathematics as broader than classic mathematics is literally correct in that every intuionistic theorem implies a classical theorem, and every classical theorem is equivalent to an intuionistic theorem.

Another non-constructive aspect of classical mathematics, which remains non-constructive in intuionistic logic, are axioms whose conclusion involves the existential quantifier. In both classical and intuionistic logic, the inference rule, which governs how the existential quantifer may be used, looks as follows.

> Asserting that "the existence of x such that phi(x) holds entails psi" where x is a variable bound by the existential quantifer and not occurring in psi, is equivalent to assering that "phi(y) entails psi" where y is a free variable not ocurring in psi.

This inference rule (assembly language of logic) seems weird, so an example of its use might help.

> "there exists x such that phi(x) holds entails that there exists x such that phi(x) holds" by tautological inference, and by the existential quantifier inference we have that "phi(y) entails the existence of x such that phi(x) holds" where y is a free variable not appearing in "exists x such that phi(x) holds".

When doing classical or intuionistic mathematics, you would usually use axioms of the form "psi entails that there exists x such that phi(x) holds". But such axioms are non-constructive because the inference rule does not allow you to start with "there exists x such that phi(x) holds" and somehow construct an actual term t such that phi(t) holds.

Now what Mike says in his slides is that it is consistent to modify intuionistic mathematics into a "fully constructive mathematics" by strengthening the existential quantifier so that "exists x such that phi(x) holds" would imply that we can (computably) come up with a specific term t such that phi(t) holds.

As a consequence, any statement in fully constructive mathematics involving the existential quantifier as a conclusion is a stronger statement than such in classical mathematics, which is roughly why all functions end up being continuous: the definition of the notion of a function itself requires that the function be computable, i.e. that its values exist in the sense of the strengthened existential quantifier.
Germany abandoned nuclear after we all could see the risks of nuclear in Fukushima. And I think it’s preferable to have a government that does what its people want or can convince them of alternatives.
..and I see tons of progressives in Korea praising Germany for abandoning nuclear. They say, "See? It's not hard! Germany did it!"

Groan.
That's roughly what Bill Gates did, except he actually confronted her in the parking garage. And when Melinda said no, he looked up her number in the HR database and called her at home. Oh, and he was a little more than just an IT guy.

That poor woman, still being victimized by that creepy sexual predator to this day. We should try to save her.
But this is a counter factual argument and unsound. You don’t know we would have necessarily had more wars/ other world wars without deterrence theory kicking into effect. You’re also not accounting for the arguably inhumane weapons technologies that have been developed because of the deterrence situation, or that the bomb hasn’t prevented us from developing (eg, drones, and in some nations biological weapons). Furthermore, you’re really cheapening the lives of all of those who were victims to the bombs in Japan, and also diminishing the horrible humanitarian crises that have arisen out of the very proxy wars you’ve cited.

Just because it has “prevented ww3” is not a very adequate or admirable reason to ignore the other negative effects that you yourself admit have been caused by the bomb. This is the fundamental weakness of utilitarianism, which turns human life into a commodity and effectively nothing more than a calculable value which is not a very dignified image of mankind.

I’m open to arguments about the positive effects of the bomb, but not counter factual as that ignore the very real conditions of pain, war, and violence that are still occurring. The bomb’s effect as a deterrent being a positive thing is not very convincing—really the only thing it protects us from is the bomb itself, which wouldn’t be a problem had the bomb not been invented. Sure major economic powers are less gung-ho to engage in war directly but I’d argue the proxy wars they engage in now are more morally questionable then direct action against each other as they now use lesser developed countries as pawns of sorts, and the civilians and economies of those nations suffer while the big boys get to play an even “safer” (for them) little war game.
I think you misread that. Drone strikes which don’t provide something for terrorists to attack cause a significantly greater increase in terrorism attacks than troops on the ground do.
Great point. Maybe time for a large dedicated body to cut costs and improve quality.
The risk of tsunamis in Germany is high?
I've discovered Hermann Hesse comparatively late in my life, given that many of his novels are seen as "coming of age" topics. Still I can recommend them to anyone with an open mind or willing to open their mind or change perspectives. For instance if you are into eastern thinking there's the famous "Siddharta".

One of my personal favourites is "Narcissus and Goldmund", which sketches the relationship between two young men who represent an "artistic" and a "scientific" way of thinking and life.
As other people here mentioned, something like this for iOS would be nice: an Apple app that ran Linux in a secure sandbox. I find using Prompt for multiple SSH shells to remote servers, Raskell (Haskell) and Pythonista (Python) IDEs to be very cool and somewhat useful - but, having an option for a sandboxed Linux would be better.
Please don't be a jerk in comments here.

Edit: sadly, it looks like you've been posting quite a few uncivil comments to HN. We ban accounts that do that, so would you please review https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html and follow the rules from now on?

The idea here is: if you have a substantive point to make, make it respectfully and thoughtfully; if you don't, please don't comment until you do.
Not that it's any more reliable now.
Run the websocket proxy yourself and get much better performance: https://github.com/benjamincburns/websockproxy

From the FAQ: "net_url sets the URL of the websocket VPN." I did this and it works great.
Yet the UK, not exactly blessed with excess sun, has already reached a point of generating more by renewables than fossil. With little noticeable impact on anyone anywhere aside from a few windmills in hilly spots, or visible a mile or so off some areas of coastline, and a fair bit of roof mount solar.

If that is all the space required to power the planet I find cause for much hope. I doubt there would be much impact on anyone once you distribute across all the countries. How much area is available globally that is currently empty roof? Car parks as others have noted. What of offshore, covering reservoirs, road and rail side verges and medians, wind, wave and nuclear. How much scrub and desert that provides little for us or the local flora and fauna?

Unless Minnesota plans on actually powering the world it doesn't seem a reasonable comparison or objection.
The construction knowledge struggle is real. There are people overseas, particularly in some S. Korean and (yes) Japanese construction managers. The Gen-II LWRs they were building on time and on budget would be perfectly sufficient to stave off global warming. We could as a world decide to have those guys swoop in and re-teach us how it's done if we really decided to. Of course, the whole supply chain has to be ramped up, which is pretty non-trivial.

Hey, it looks like TerraPower at least has some people who share your pet theory [1].

[1] https://www.worldscientific.com/doi/abs/10.1142/978981314899...
Germany is ending nuclear power because there is no consensus on how and where to store nuclear waste. People tend to forget that the waste is dangerous for thousands of years to come and Germany doesn't have deserts to put it in. Putting it in the ground is a bad idea, as you can see if you just search the internet for "Asse nuclear".
It would seem a little more objective to have an independent scientist write pieces like this.

Any scientist who knows enough to write an informed piece is going to have an opinion, whether they are hiding it or not.
And that's exactly my point - the SSDs spec sheet numbers are based on the NAND chips, but the controllers slow them down in real world performance. I've still yet to see a benchmark that shows Macbook Air/Pro/iMac Pro level SSD permormance from any other SSD equipped computer.
C# has a 3rd party Option lib that works well. I use it heavily.

F# is probably a better competitor to Rust than C# though.
Chronicle – new cybersecurity co launched by Alphabet Inc's X moonshot factory
That's not a good argument.

We might give up on tall buildings too as they got demolished in earthquakes...
> This will signal to every student that there's a steady career in nuclear engineering.

Signaling likely not required. It was an open secret at my alma mater that the number of students accepted into the nuclear engineering program was artificially kept low.
That's probably good for getting a lot of sign-ups with no intent to become a paying customer/active user of your product, but I'm curious how many of those users would convert down funnel.
Gab Server Subpoenaed by Pennsylvania Attorney General
Yep, the report the podcast mentions (from the breakthrough institute) compares how similar industries (like pharma and spaceflight) manage regulation while still fostering innovation [1]. A lot of the differences are around nuanced things like having clear checkpoints for regulation and points of contact from the regulating bodies.

[1] https://www.greentechmedia.com/articles/read/struggling-nucl...
This is the source of a classic exam question given by Ken Rothman, an epidemiologist:

As sample size goes up, the probability that an estimate's confidence interval contains the true value of an effect goes..

A) Up
B) Down
Respectfully, they overreacted. Fukushima killed effectively no-one from radiation, though fear of radiation did definitely kill people (as they evacuated). Meanwhile air pollution from fossil fuel is killing hundreds of thousands per year from air pollution. Now factor in potential impacts from climate change... fear of nuclear for safety purposes is real but doesn't stand up to the actuary test. And the fact is that this fear translates into extra regulations and safety systems that cost a lot so it's not just "but nuclear is expensive". A better solution is like TerraPower is taking, just design inherently safer reactors that don't need the safety systems.
How to Fix and Protect Self-Esteem
Show HN: Here's our take – the 20 most trusted crypto's?
We have just launched a new product called Alpha on producthunt. https://www.producthunt.com/posts/alpha

It is a trusted index of cryptocurrencies and we want the HN community to challenge our assumptions around the coins of choice. What do you think of our trust index?
I just use an external SSD and take that with me.

It's rare that I'll find a monitor and keyboard, but no PC.

I do look forward to the day when we all have phones that we can dock into terminals, but until that day comes my portable drive does the job pretty well.
Centurylink has mediocre peering via IPv4, but decent peering via IPv6 (which seems to be caused by peering with Hurricane Electric on IPv6 only).
Sprint is a telecommunications company, not just a mobile operator. They actually operate a 100G backbone between Australia and India (Perth to Mumbai via the SWE3 cable), so grand-parents question isn't that unreasonable.

https://www.sprint.net/images/network_maps/full/Global-Globa...
Notably, check out Ontario (96% low carbon, 36% renewable) and France (91% low carbon, 13% renewable!?)

But how!? The answer is nuclear power plants.

Don't forget also that electricity is roughly 40% of energy usage for most people, the rest being heating and transportation. Those are very fossil dominated so even though you see green here, there's a huge huge way to go.
One interesting effect that pre-registration has is that there are now several journals that allow you to publish your protocol, and agree to publish the followup paper about the results regardless of the outcome.
Coinbase CTO Says Cryptocurrency Entering Mainstream Adoption
I support traveling wave reactors.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traveling_wave_reactor

We need to clean up our stockpiles somehow.

The only other feasible option is dropping it all into the Marianna Trench. (Meanwhile, we really should store it all deep in a mountain.)

If we get some useful, usable energy out of TWV, terrific. But it's not a motivator.

(This is me being optimistic: Assuming enough humans survive the clathrate gun hypothesis that they'll need to bother cleaning up our messes. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clathrate_gun_hypothesis)
A Consortium by China Telecom Named Philippines' 3rd Telco Carrier
Wow a doctor looking to pursue law, very cool! Isn't law worse for work/life balance? (Not taking into account the opportunity cost of already having gotten past the grueling med school and residency stages). Or is it to go into the medical side of the legal field and combine the best of both worlds, or simply a change of heart? How do you like civil engineering? Do you see tech disrupting your profession, or the field of medicine or law for your significant other? For example, I know there is software that will make paralegal work redundant eventually.
Maybe something like Android's developer mode, where you have to tap something (build version iirc?) In the about phone like 10 times. Won't find it unless you look.
Thank you for explaining so well and clearly!

To you and others, are there any other scenarios too that happen in production?
I never read the text of the law, but I was told that a part of removing net neutrality, companies would have to say what they were throttling. Is that not the case?
I think the distinction is a useful one to have, because it lets you identify the appropriate way to try to convince somebody. If people disagree about the effectiveness of policies, and which ones will bring about the desired effects, then additional evidence should be found and examined to determine who is correct. On the other hand, if people disagree about what the goal is, then no amount of evidence will convince them, because goals are unobservable.
> “That really gets at the heart of how we can translate this clinically, because we can get in earlier and earlier to identify aberrant networks in the hopes that we can do earlier interventions, and possibly even prevent psychiatric disorders"

Get the evidence for the intervention before deploying it, please. The existing track record of mental illness "prevention" efforts isn't very good. The most infamous example is probably critical incident stress debriefing, which some studies found increased PTSD risk.
You can imagine the issue being that serverless is a stateless workload, and connection pooling is, well, stateful. Your db itself would ideally be the thing to solve that problem (its already the state-management system), but if it doesn’t, you’ll need to introduce something new to handle that state.

The problem also ofc already exists when you have multiple applications (or instances) trying to talk to your db (which is why pgbouncer exists regardless of serverless), and serverless doesn’t differentiate between 1 and 1000 instances (which is why its trivially scalable).

And ofc if you werent going to need sufficient scale to require something like pgbouncer... should you even be transitioning to serverless? You could replicate the same stateless organization style on your own, on a single server.
Have you compared IPv4 versus IPv6 performance? Centurylink seems to have much better peering via IPv6 (still a bit slow to certain destinations though), in part because they only peer with Hurricane Electric and other non-Tier 1's for IPv6.
> This is a lot of capacity and storage compared to recent projects.

California's policy makers and utilities are all in at this point.
The parent never asserted that independent scientists won't have an opinion.
> But how!? The answer is nuclear power plants.

Legacy nuclear bridging the gap is an acceptable solution. As I've mentioned elsewhere in this thread, nuclear simply takes too long to build and is too costly (when compared to renewables as low as 2 cents/kwh and deployment times measured in months, not years or up to a decade). China is installing 40-50GW of solar per year; the world in aggregate installs about 100GW annually. The largest nuclear power plant in the US (Palo Verde in Arizona) has a nameplate capacity just shy of 4GW; assuming you need 16GW of solar to replace such a generator due to 25% capacity factor, that is an install time of just around a year).

> Don't forget also that electricity is roughly 40% of energy usage for most people, the rest being heating and transportation. Those are very fossil dominated so even though you see green here, there's a huge huge way to go.

The Pacific Northwest National Laboratory did a study about a decade ago [1] that ~73% of light vehicles could move over to the electrical grid with existing generation capacity. EVs are a perfect match for intermittent renewables generation, as they can charge when the sun is shining during the day, or charge at night when the wind is blowing. I concede heating has a long way to go with air source heat pumps, insulation, and other energy saving measures.

"This initial paper estimates the regional percentages of the energy requirements for the U.S. LDV stock
that could be supported by the existing infrastructure, based on the 12 modified North American Electric
Reliability Council (NERC) regions, as of 2002, and taking into account congestion in regional
transmission and distribution systems. For the United States as a whole, 84% of U.S. cars, pickup trucks
and sport utility vehicles (SUVs) could be supported by the existing infrastructure, although the local
percentages vary by region. Using the light duty vehicle fleet (LDV) classification, that includes cars,
pickup trucks, SUVs, and vans, the technical potential is 73%. This has a gasoline displacement
potential of 6.5 million barrels of oil equivalent per day, or 52% of the nation’s oil imports.

Existing nuclear plants should be kept operational as long as feasible (from a safety perspective), but the writing is on the wall.

[1] https://www.ferc.gov/about/com-mem/5-24-07-technical-analy-w...
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Do you have any sources for the coal burning rate?
No, I’m saying Apple has been using industry standard controllers until literally the MacBook Air refresh that just launched.

https://www.anandtech.com/show/12670/the-samsung-970-evo-ssd...

You can buy this SSD today. There are others like it, and some, like Intel's Optane SSDs actually substantially outperform anything Apple has put in their computers in terms of IOPS, even though the Optane line hasn't focused on raw sequential throughput yet. Off the shelf SSDs get the much vaunted performance of "Apple's" SSDs (they're just normal SSDs...) being discussed in this thread.

In fact, the SSDs in those windows computers are as fast as the one I've linked to. The benchmark you were linking to was benchmarking NTFS vs APFS under a small file I/O workload, which NTFS sucks at. It was not benchmarking the SSDs in any effective manner. I am certain that I pointed this out in my comment above! If those laptops were copying a few large files, the performance would have been identical. If those laptops were running Linux, the performance would have been identical.

Look here! https://www.anandtech.com/show/12167/the-microsoft-surface-b...

Scroll to the bottom and tell me what you see! Yes, that SSD is performing as well as your vaunted MacBook!

Apple's iPad Pros are technological marvels. Their laptops' storage systems are not, and you're just deceiving yourself if you think otherwise.
Is this website's performance as bad for everyone else as it is for me? Scrolling is very jittery, and it seems to only be this page that's behaving so poorly.
Finland is building a nuclear waste repository right now in deep bedrock [1]. It's totally reasonable scientifically. And in the US we have those Permian salt deposits [2]. Commercial nuclear waste really isn't nearly the boogeyman that people make it out to be in pop culture. It's solid, sitting around in dry casks, can be put safely in geologic deposits, and has yet to hurt anyone as far as I'm aware. Meanwhile fossil fuel kills hundreds of thousands per year from air pollution and god knows how many from climate change and we're sitting here saying "but what about nuclear waste?" while looking at 24/7 baseload carbon-free fully-scalable technology that's as safe or safer than wind.

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onkalo_spent_nuclear_fuel_repo...

[2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waste_Isolation_Pilot_Plant