I watch quite a lot of youtube pilot footage; just a strange hobby of mine. Watch any youtube pilot doing IFR flights and note how they struggle to stay on top of the radios (depending on their currency and experience). Most pilots know from hard experience that this is a skill that goes within weeks/months if they stop practicing. They know they will start mangling their radio work and make other mistakes. That's because it is freaking hard. It's by far the hardest part of flying a plane. Actually flying them is easy. You'll be flying solo in no time at all. From there to instrument rating, takes years typically. Being an instrument rated pilot means a life of practice and training.

Much of the pilot training for an instrument rating is about staying on top of the radios, dealing with the enormous task load, and planning ahead as to what is going to be required next. As soon as you loose the plot there, you are in trouble: you lose situational awareness, controllers get pissed, things get very stressful, mistakes get made, etc. Many private pilots chicken out from ever getting their instrument rating since it is so enormously challenging and intimidating and since maintaining it is such a big commitment as well.

Most of this is for the perfectly valid reason that this extremely limited and unreliable medium of shouting out letters as words over congested and distorted radio channels is literally the only way to communicate with controllers.

The fix is obvious: send messages over authenticated digital channels with some integrity/sanity checks using some well defined protocol. Start requiring this for all commercial aviation and ban planes from critical air space that are not able to communicate that way. Important messages should require acknowledgement from pilots. There should be zero doubt for pilots about the current status of controller provided altimeter settings, weather report, most recent instructions, etc. Likewise controllers should be able to pick up planes the second their radios and transponders are turned on. This should not be optional. There should be no need for transponder codes. There should be zero doubt about which plane is where for the controller,the entire history of that plane, it's current journey, it's pilot,all previous communications, etc. None of that should need to be communicated or verified by voice, ever.

Voice channels should be reserved for emergencies. Controllers should be able to talk to any plane without delay. These channels should have stuff like caller id and other fancy stuff any decent mobile phone has been capable off for decades. There should be no need to ever yell out call signs and hope that the other side got it jotted down correctly. Etc.

This is not particularly hard to design technically and hasn't been for a long time. Sure you'd want a sane design and lots of built in checks and balances and back up systems, etc.

But agreeing that it needs to be designed, and then agreeing on a particular design is what the problem is here. If you doubt there is a problem, consider that essentially every major plane crash gets blamed on "pilot error" and translate that as "they accidentally crashed the plane because they got confused about what to do under the enormous task-load". When shit goes wrong, having a lot of confusion about who said what, who did what, what was the pilot, plane doing, etc. seems standard. There's no need for that, at all. E.g. Most of the stuff on a black box should be stored remotely long before the plane hits the ground.