skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
The problem of Java is that its views were implicit: a given `String` could be either the owner of its data entire, or a reference to a slice in an other string. This lead to cheap sub-stringing, but significant memory leaks as you'd carry around a short substring and it would carry along the entire string it originated from (possibly gigabytes of it).

In Swift, string views are a different type from strings. For the most part you can perform similar operations on them but they are not the same type, so a `Substring` clearly tells you that it's linked to arbitrary-size baggage, while a `String` tells you it owns its data. You can operate generically over both using string protocols, or you can specifically ask for one or the other.
The research part of research and development is primarily done by publicly funded researchers. The development part is primarily done by private ones, who expend huge sums of money on trying many different candidate therapies and shepherding them through safety and efficacy trials, which almost all of them fail, at huge expense.

If we want to increase the rate of return on investment the big, easy win would be dropping the efficacy test. If we want to reform the system of funding altogether buy out patents for their market value or give massive prizes and then have the drugs freely available for anyone to manufacture.
It's a very subjective thing like all other social things. If someone has an "I" in their type it makes sense that the person maybe doesn't feel rewarded when you go to a loud nightclub for a celebration. Again, there are no hard rules but they are a useful hint like many other things.
How to secure yourself in blockchain technologies
When I took some undergraduate level Psychology courses there was nothing to make me think Jung had been discounted as "an interesting part of ... history, but not actually useful" - with several comments from various instructors that his work could be tremendously beneficial but incredibly dense. FWIW the field of Psychology is full of theories and models with highly subjective applications and widespread disagreement on what is "best" for a given individual, hence the existence of so many institutional guidelines and diagnostic criteria (and even the DSM, as it changed from edition IV to V, has generated a tremendous amount of controversy among professionals, scientists, and laypeople alike). There's been a lot of coverage in the media in the past few months/years about a "replication crisis" in sciences such as this, as well, where a substantial portion of published scientific results [presumably the only "scientific backing" a theory can have in a situation like this] have outright failed to be replicated by subsequent researchers.

EDIT: I'd appreciate any further detail you might have on your specific criticism of Jung, as I've apparently attracted some downvotes. I guess I'll just add that another thing I remember hearing about in school was that a lot of Jung's theories were considered impenetrable without having access to his so-called "Red Book" - which was not widely available until ~2009.
Hindsight bias at its finest.

The real issue was identified in the first few years after 9/11 - disparate patchwork of teams overzealously enforcing moats around their intel/data.
https://xkcd.com/2030/
> Arthroscopic knee surgery has been a common orthopedic procedure in the United States, with about 692,000 of them performed in 2010,2 but the procedure has proven no better than a sham when done to address degenerative wear and tear, particularly on the meniscus.

Isn't this just showing the supposed real surgery doesn't work? I don't see how this is showing placebo has an impressive effect.
Apparently there is an eerily relevant XKCD: https://xkcd.com/2030/
https://greasyfork.org/en/scripts/40897-old-reddit-please
Lessons I Learned from Making Many Mistakes in My 20s
Homoeopathy comes to mind.

I am in two minds about it. On the one hand it would appear pretty ridiculous and there is no way that it should be paid for. On the other hand if it works via the placebo effect in a cost effective manner, is that a bad thing?
“women leave interviewing.io roughly 7 times as often as men do, after a bad interview.”

To me that means that imposter syndrome is striking women much harder than men, but that’s not what the headline was talking about. They’re defining imposter syndrome as whether someone is mis-estimating their own performance. Unfortunately, a lack of accuracy doesn’t necessarily demonstrate imposter syndrome, in fact imposter syndrome is defined as self-doubt in the face of evidence of competence. So, imposter syndrome wasn’t measured here at all.

The data shows women estimate their competence as well as men, and perform as well as men, and then when there are any signs of trouble they bail seven times faster than men. To me that could very well be much greater levels of impostor syndrome, or it could be much lower confidence, but to actually measure it you’d have to actually ask questions about how people rate themselves against others, not measure how accurate their responses are.
Thanks for shedding some light on the possible status of the Rumprun maintainer! Hope he's happy brewing beers :)

Thanks for mentioning OSv[0], I'd never heard about it before.

I'm excited to see what happens with Nabla, I read the accompanying paper and was pretty excited about the possibilities. Nabla's greatest strength is it's ergonomics, IMO, though rumprun comes close (someone took some time to make dockerized containers for it).

[EDIT] - looking at OSv's (primary?) tool capstan[1], I'm not sure it's quite the same, it seems more like linuxkit[2] than rumprun. Maybe my intuition is wrong, but it seems much more like you're bringing along a stripped down OS than you're writing a program meant to interact with a shared unikernel. The distinction is so fuzzy in my head I'm not sure there is one, but it feels different.

[0]: http://osv.io/

[1]: https://github.com/cloudius-systems/capstan

[2]: https://github.com/linuxkit/linuxkit
Thanks for sharing. Adding another podcast anecdote here — one that made me chuckle — from Scott Belsky in his interview on Tim Ferriss' podcast:

> I remember my father, as an orthopedic surgeon, when he was a resident, he was working in one of those crazy, New York City hospitals where people would come in with like overdoses and shooting wounds and stuff like that. And he was telling me that the most often kind of prescribed [medicine], especially on the psychiatric stuff that came in, was 100cc of Obecalp, which is, of course, "placebo" spelled backwards. And how as soon as someone would be like, "Obecalp, stat, 100cc," that would, suddenly, switch something in a lot of these patients’ minds, in terms of where they felt they were in their hope. And that always stuck with me.
A great book on this topic is Suggestible You by Erik Vance. He addresses some of the scientific basis of the placebo effect.
You've got it backwards: people don't vote for a number of reasons. Many don't because elitists in politics constantly tell them they're too stupid or ignorant to know what's good for them, lecture about civic duty, and ignore the very real problems they have in their lives. Ignoring the real problems that exist in registering or getting to the polls doesn't help.
You still need an mobileconfig to configure On Demand (kind of always on) mode. But yeah, native IKEv2 on iOS is pretty solid.
Good idea honestly, the security issues are greatly overblown - especially if we can simply make this a mailer with "if you want to vote for this candidate, enter this code/scan this qr code", where nothing about that code identifies the candidate they voted for.

And it'd definitely help to improve voter turnout, just look at studies on how poll lines impact future voting behavior...
The gamification of life has helped me a lot here.

In the game of life, happiness and enjoyment are the core goals.

Like any other game, the difficulty setting on which I play it should not make a difference. Games can be enjoyable on easy, medium or hard difficulty. Just that the effort-reward curve can be distributed a bit differently.

Both Money and Career Success are tangential to your life's fundamental goals. You have to figure out what those are, and work towards them directly , rather than use weak heuristics like money and standing.

Just like a game (say an RPG), the happiness comes from leveling up and beating a competitive boss, rather than reaching endgame where you are rich and king of the continent. Similarly, for me, it is working towards the next achievable goal and making constant progress that give the most happiness. When your happiness is tied only to your relative position yesterday, then your absolute position (which is most influenced by unfairness) is unimportant.

Despite huge imporvements in QOL over the last few centuries, afaik human happiness had stayed constant.

If you decide to blame unfairness for your dissatisfaction with life, then no amount of absolute gains will ever let you feel you have reached the point where you make peace with it..

Like worldly phenomena, we are resigned to the tides, the day night cycle and our mortality. Humans make peace with their existence knowing that we can't control their routines.

Along the same line, unfairness in life is just as colossal a phenomenon. You may not be able to work against it or stop it, so its just better to make peace with it and work around it to achieve the aforementioned fundamental goals.
Democracy is for losers :)
We at Hasura[0] use a GraphQL to SQL compiler approach[1] so its just ONE query no matter the size of the Graphql query.

[0] https://hasura.io
[1] https://blog.hasura.io/architecture-of-a-high-performance-gr...
Show HN: Affordable pen-test for startups
So, it seems to be based on expectancies. The double-blind setup (while really useful in disentangling drug vs treament (i.e. placebo) effects), seems to reduce expectancies. See for example, this paper: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S030439590...

The tl;dr is that if you lie to people about their treatment, they get better than those who get told they may or may not receive placebo.

Additionally, if you administer naloxone to people in pain trials, it appears to reduce the placebo effect, which suggests that the effect is mediated by endogenous opioids. (Except in IBS for some reason).

Finally, if you tell dentists that they may be administering placebo analgesics to their participants, the participants report significantly higher pain during dental treatment (even though all participants got an active drug).

So, to sum up, its pretty complicated, but the practical takeaway is that you should try to have faith in medical treatments if you want to get better.
If this were to ever become a reality I would like to see it be open sourced so all countries can use it & all citizens can test for security breaches.

Our government is meant to be transparent & this is something that I don't believe becomes better by being closed off.
React Based SVG Editing Tool
In countries where they're common place and part of the licensing curriculum, roundabouts are far superior for throughput and traffic flow than any other kind of intersection of comparable size.

To get any further improvement you start having to look at junctions with over head ramps and tunnels.
Humans, and every other life form have an undocumented, undesigned self executing specification that consists entirely of the most reticulated, self referential spaghetti code compatible with successful reproduction and it’s not just riddled with Heisenbugs, they’re core parts of the machinery of how everything works. We’ll get there eventually but it’s going to take an exceedingly long time.
> the rituals embedded in the doctor-patient encounter that he thinks are fundamental to the placebo effect

> “Medical care is a moral act,” he says, in which a suffering person puts his or her fate in the hands of a trusted healer.

I have a friend who is a naturopath, and this is basically what she believes her job to be. Almost more of a therapist at times, a friendly ear to confide in.

The average experience with doctors isn't always that pleasant. It feels clinical and rushed, and very non personal. They are concerned with symptoms, not the actual person in front of them. They don't really listen, as a therapist would. And it's not their job too.

Contrast that with an alternative healer. They will sit and talk and listen and empathize with you for an hour. For a person in pain, it might be the first time they have ever felt like someone actually understands and cares. It's not surprising that they feel better afterwards. I think that goes a long way to explain the popularity of fake medicine.
I agree that it is counter-intuitive, but I am not making this up! On top of what jsk13 mentioned, the NYT article itself mentions:

> You don’t even have to deceive the patients. You can hand a patient with irritable bowel syndrome a sugar pill, identify it as such and tell her that sugar pills are known to be effective when used as placebos, and she will get better, especially if you take the time to deliver that message with warmth and close attention.
That it is, but as the international associations are gender-specific, a male NSF member is affiliated with WOSM, a female with WAGGGS.

Not knowing the first thing about international scout politics, I would think the time was ripe for merging WOSM and WAGGGS into one.
A government that doesn't change policies often is often a good government.
> Getting ignorant people to cast poorly-informed votes does not help our society.

I think this describes pretty much everyone who votes today. It's nearly impossible to actually understand the issues and I'd wager it's literally impossible to understand the future effect of what you're voting on. The system is just too complex.

Have you ever read a news article about a topic you're actually familiar with? They are rife with inaccuracies. Most of us are not politicians but I'm sure the same can be said about political coverage.

In summation I think the government and society are too complex to reason about with a human brain and what little there is to know is heavily distorted through inaccurate reporting. I don't see smart phone voters being any less informed than the people that currently think they're informed.
Do you have a specific example of a very strong placebo effect though that's beyond patients reporting mild pain relief?

My point is people seem to discuss placebo with an implied assumption that the effect is so big it's worth e.g. discussing the ethics of prescribing it. If it's only giving mild pain relief I don't see why it's that interesting.
My goal here is to figure out what Diana’s actual password is, given that I have her password hash. This process is commonly known as “hacking”.

This is hilarious!!
No, it sounds like TabNine is built using a feature unique to Rust, which is not the case.
You and Diogenes should get along really well!
A big part of the problem I feel is choice fatigue. Its by design that when you go to vote in a US election you are often voting for sometimes 20 or more different positions, and because of the sheer quantity of people you are supposed to audit this way it becomes impossible to thoroughly investigate all your choices if each one takes an hour of research.

You can't ask your average citizen to spend 20+ hours in advance of an election thoroughly researching candidates, and you can't trust a third party to "condense" information on them without an agenda.

A republic is supposed to be a society where people elect representatives to make most of these decisions for them. I should not be directly electing judges, police chiefs, school officials, attorney generals, or cabinet positions of the state government. The only reason TPTB made these elections direct was to incentivize people to vote by party color rather than by person to smuggle in bad actors into government.

I'm a firm believer that instead of having at least 5+ different elections each cycle we should be electing a ranked choice set of 3+ representatives per district who then can, as their job, and by legislature appoint the rest of the offices of government.

That would mean I would ranked choice vote for ~3 representatives that then convene in my state legislature. That legislature sends some number of its own delegates to Washington to act as federal representatives. The 3 representatives in my district would, for my district, select its judges, police chiefs, etc.

That would hugely dissociate the machine that overwhelms people with choice and results in aligning with factions and talking points instead of actual people.
Moving voting day from a Tuesday to a Sunday would also make a big difference. There are many people who have have informed opinions but can't afford to take off work (write-up for being late to work/take off early, lost income, transport issues). Also that would avoid removing a school day since most public schools are used for polling.

Another option would be to switch to make mail-in ballots only.
>and “blockchain,” which it claims allows it to secure the voting process...

(I'm rubbing my temples right now)

I don't even have the words for how bad this would be for a democracy or republic.

I will, however, make a curt but general comment on blockchain:

Anytime you see that buzzword, be on your guard.
No, it does not. While Kahneman is a wonderful scientist (psychologist, btw), he has this annoying habit of attempting to fit everything into his models. He's dead wrong on placebo, even though regression to the mean is a real thing.
Yeah, this is the opposite of the correct way to solve the problem. What about, instead, you had an app that you could just plug in what time you wanted to vote and it would find the nearest polling place and give you the google maps directions and maybe even allow you to order an Uber ahead of time? It could reminds you how and when to register, it could even help reduce wait times by directing you to polling places with little traffic or at time when most people are not out voting.

We could make voting easier in a million ways that are not literally allowing you to vote on your phone.
>I'm convinced the self-driving cars are still a ways off as well.

Technology-wise, absolutely they are. The problem is that in actuality, they aren't. Companies will continue to push as hard as they can for as wide of a launch as they can, while governments (and any kind of sorely-needed oversight) will be ages behind.
>And I think that people realize this. So when they know they haven't invested enough in fully understanding the issues and the candidates, they spare us the chance of their error by not voting.

Sadly these people are often less ignorant that the ones who haven't invested enough in fully understanding the issues and the candidates, and yet still vote. But I agree with the larger point completely, and have been called an anti-democratic fascist to my face for making it before.
Ask HN: Why don't big softwares use App Store on Mac OS X?
It's rare that a useful software app is available through the App Store on Mac OS X (Slack and Microsoft Remote Desktop are my only two). For example, Microsoft office has their own tool for updates. Firefox and Chrome have an internal updater.

Why don't more software not use it?
How would it ever be any different? You can't really remove subjectivity from the measurement of people and their brains.
Facebook released DataLoader [1] to help reduce the number of database invocations. As long as you write your queries to fit the loader pattern it's pretty straight forward. Been trying out a golang port [2] for a month or two and it really (really!) improves performance.

[1] https://github.com/facebook/dataloader
[2] https://github.com/graph-gophers/dataloader
All of Homeopathy? It operates on the principle that a cold when untreated will last 2 weeks, but with placebos will only take 14 days.
So, how do you count the votes each candidate gets if nothing about that code identifies the candidate they voted for?

Also, you think this system is sufficiently secure to secure access to trillions of dollars? Because that is what elections are about.
There’s no debate: lowering salt cuts strokes and heart attacks (2014)
Search is, admittedly, the worst part of Jira. ;)
Good luck finding an ethics board who will let you do that experiment on actually sick people.

"Ah, people with pain. One group will get nothing and the other a placebo."
My biggest gripe is not that things fail (that's completely expected) but how Apple reacts to that.

For example my 2007 MBP suffered from Nvidiagate. The GPU died during its third year, many months after the warranty had ended. Apple fixed it, no questions asked.

The 2011 Radeongate affair was ridiculous. There were thousands and thousands of users complaining online. It took Apple 2 years from the first machines failing to start a repair program AFTER a couple of class action lawsuits. It was a massive fuckup.

I haven't bought any of the redesigned MBPs with the butterfly keyboard, but again it took a couple of years to get a repair program after a couple of class action lawsuits. Also, in the US Apple is all fine and dandy, but in Mexico I've personally witnessed cases of Apple refusing to repair the keyboard because apparently they couldn't reproduce the issue.

> But without actual numbers we have no idea if this is a trend or not

Yeah, Apple is as opaque as things can be. Even more now than they will not even share the number of units sold in future reports.
There are also concerted voter suppression campaigns against certain groups who may be unlikely to vote for a particular candidate.
> What about, instead, you had an app that you could just plug in what time you wanted to vote and it would find the nearest polling place and give you the google maps directions and maybe even allow you to order an Uber ahead of time?

Uber basically does this now. It had a big call to action yesterday to take me directly to my nearest polling place.
Is there any FLOSS alternative to this? Any good doc on the ML used?
I understand where you're coming from. You can always skip voting on certain issues or candidates if you're unsure.

At the same time, we elect candidates based on how well we feel they are up for the job. Understanding the issues is very, very hard; even for the candidates & their teams! We're not expected to understand all the issues, especially at a federal level. That's why we have representatives & why they hire staff.
My town has annual “Town Meetings” where everyone pours into a gymnasium (turnout is up to 800 voters in a town with population ~15,000) to vote on all the “articles” of which there can be upwards of 20. The annual meeting often extends multiple evenings as much discussion is permitted on each article, and traditional voting can add several hours to the process when vote counts are close.

Instead of shouting aye or nay, raising hands, or standing to be counted, we hand out wireless handsets which have a yes/no buttons and a small display to confirm your vote. Then a screen at the front displays the total.

The cost of renting the devices is non-trivial at around $15-20k (having trouble finding our towns specific budget line item for this) so I often pondered why we couldn’t use smartphones that everyone is surely already carrying, and maybe carry a small stock of devices just for people without phones.

The idea would be a local WiFi network which was not connected to the internet, where an app on the device would connect to a local server over that WiFi network to place the vote, after someone checks you in at the front desk.

I have no reason to trust the devices we use now any more than an open-source public domain phone app and backend container combo that the town could setup.

Over thousands of towns and tens of years the TAM is pretty large, but more to the point a non-profit coalition developing and maintaining this solution could provide a lot of value.