skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
> if you require types to be declared explicitly, there's no reason to not check them statically.

I think some of this thread is suffering from confusing terms so, my entire point is this:

There is no native way in javascript to say that the first argument of function foo must be an instance of class Bar (which in JS could be a string or an array or some custom object or even a DOM element - everything is an object and thus has a 'class').

The common response is "use typescript" which means you write the code with argument type declarations, and then compile to javascript. This (in theory) means any code you've written in the project in TS which calls our foo() function, will warn/error if the first argument isn't an instance of class Bar.

But, and this is the problem: it's not enforced by javascript, it's "enforced" (for whatever definition of enforced typescript uses) by the TS compiler.

So if I then use the compiled JS of function foo() and call it from native JS (i.e. not compiled by TS) - it won't tell me I have the wrong type.

THAT is my issue.
It actually a fairly large leap, considering that caffeine can impair sleep quality, causing more fatigue or fatigued people could be consuming caffeine to reduce the fatigue.

In many people, both may be happening, so teasing out the direction of causation is difficult.
Yes - NTW was tuned for interactive desktop users and NTS for server type workloads. But everyone knew these were just tuning sets for the same kernel.
> If you have a new Windows 10 PC and want to download Chrome, how else could you do it besides "using Microsoft Edge to download Chrome"?

Simply visit Google.com, Gmail, Youtube or any other Google-site and await the Chrome-spam 100% guaranteed to appear in any browser not Chrome.

My favorite one: “Upgrade your browser”. Not misleading at all, eh? How about “no”?
Two solutions may each have pros and cons, but that does not mean that one of the solutions is not better overall.
From the post it looks like that's what he does now. Fastly uploads files to S3 (you can specify how often), and then a Lambda function is run per file to aggregate the files into view-counts. How is this different from yours?
Studies Show That Pigs Are More Intelligent Than Dogs
I can see them as well: https://imgur.com/a/2r3NW8i. Maybe it's location-dependent?
Linearizability versus Serializability in a Infographic
As that page says: "it's the total revenue since 2011."

After discounting cost of goods, operations, and taxes, $1k is not something to just write off so easily. There should've been more planning, although parent comment isn't quite the right idea.
they only support four (x86, amd64, ARM, ARM64)

To be fair, NT shipped on x86, PPC, Alpha and MIPS. There was a never-released version for SPARC. It was originally developed on the i860. Wasn’t later Windows also available on Itanium too?

MS cut down on their list of supported CPUs for commercial, not technical reasons.
What does AdBlock+ give what UBlock does not? AFAIK they both use the same block lists - easylist and friends. Is there anything to gain when one runs both?
The biggest difference - not needing to compile - is offset by the slowness of Powershell. If only one language was best across all metrics.
Linda Gottfredson’s Scientific Keynote Cancelled: Why?
Nonetheless, it's quite commonly used in popular code. E.g. I was looking at some dynamic string libraries, and a popular one (sds) casts a struct header from a char * and modifies its values. This code is used in Redis.
I made a small donation to Dynamicland and then requested to come by as part of that.
How long are skyscrapers built to last?
Not even remotely similar. RSU for a public company given at $100 per share can be sold at $100 per share (or more or less depending on the value of the share when it is sold). For public companies, that is basically cash. If you buy an option at 40% of current $100 value means you pay now $40 dollars for the option of buying the share at $100 in the future (Netflix has a 10 years horizon). That means that you start making money ($1, pre-tax!) when the stock reaches $141. If it does not happen, you have lost your $40.
a profession as wealthy as medicine needs the taxpayer to fund its training is preposterous

Most doctors already come from wealthy families (specifically, they have doctor parents) because in addition to the tuition of medical school, there are a variety of other expenses (board examination fees, the undergraduate requirement, interview expenses for both medical school and residency) that are difficult to fund without assistance. Also, compensation for physicians is not what you seem to think it is outside of subspecialized fields, and the expense of medical school (and the opportunity cost of residency) means that physician shortages in the general disciplines will only continue to get worse as medical students realize the only way they can pay back their loans is to subspecialize.

Also, medical schools are primarily limited by number of faculty, and it's difficult to find doctors for med school faculty roles... because they're so poorly compensated in comparison to other opportunities.

If you want more doctors, first provide incentives for doctors to teach, then provide funding for those who normally don't see medical school as an available opportunity, then incentivize people to go into general disciplines, then properly compensate residents so they're not throwing away ten years of potential income, then complain about how "doctors are overpaid but there's also a big shortage of them".
>If we’ve somehow got an entire society that can play gymnastics with time in this way, and claim to wrap their head around it, I don’t think changing the calendar is really a huge ask. But I think the only way to pull it off is for the government to mandate its use. There's just not enough interest in fighting the currents for this to reach critical mass otherwise.

While we’re at it let’s convert to the Metric System too. Rip all the bandaids off at once.
Wasn't hubble itself a refit of a Keyhole 11 beta?
Singleton Types (A Scala 3 Experiment)
Exactly—-and there’s probably a fairly vicious feedback loop too. Tired people reach for caffeine, rebound effects (or mistimed doses) make them even more tired. Lather, rinse, and repeat....

This makes it hard to figure out if the obvious intervention (ban energy drinks) would actually do anything, or if the answer is really more rest—an idea the military has been loathe to adopt in general.
Indonesian Language in Lucene, Solr and Elasticsearch
All those explaining correlation-is-not-causation to scientists for the 500th time should take at least one semester of "You are not as smart as you think, nor are you very original, or know anything about the copious amounts of statistics scientists have to endure today. You're also conveniently living in a world that apparently allows for cheap and fast intervention studies on rare phenomena with long lead times and no apparent ethical qualms of subjecting people to potential harmful interventions. Because only that could allow you to forgo the imperfect (yet historically highly successful) observational studies"

(-Studies)
Time after time
The rest of us have to compete in a free market for our skills. Why not doctors?

I agree that the undergrad requirement is absurd. But it is also just another part of the system that increases entry-barriers and leads to all of these problems, but makes the field more lucrative for a big segment of those who get through it.
Well, they just got free marketing advice, so they can take that advice, succeed, and write another post on lessons learned for HN :)
I think it's more accurate to say light is not only a device we charge up and carry around in our pockets. I do in fact always carry a flashlight in my pocket and use it fairly regularly and many people use their smartphone as a makeshift flashlight from time to time even if they don't carry a dedicated flashlight. I imagine the extended analogy would likely hold: if Dynamicland type technology becomes common I expect it would co-exist with more traditional computing as well as other newer tech like VR/AR.
Red Bull is honestly not that popular in this crowd though, the major energy drinks you see are Monster, Rockstar, and as mentioned, Rip It (really an offbrand of the former two from the maker of Shasta/La Croix). These typically have 160mg of caffeine, which is high for coffee although not by a large margin. The culture around them seems to encourage much greater consumption though, with oversize cans (e.g. 24oz with over 250mg caffeine) not unusual and many people having multiple drinks a day. It does seem like something about them, perhaps the addition of a great amount of sugar, encourages more consumption.

I'm also a little confused by your accusation, since the article discusses a comparative study of two groups, both in a warzone, and finds increased mental health effects in the group with higher caffeine consumption. No one is denying that combat conditions contribute to adverse mental health effects, but the whole point of the article is that these seem to be exacerbated by caffeine use.

Sleep deprivation is becoming a real concern in multiple military branches, and I suspect that the mental impact is not due to the caffeine per se but due to the culture around it: consumption of hundreds of mg of caffeine is viewed as an acceptable alternative to sleep. This is definitely also an issue with coffee, but energy drinks seem to be predominant today.
Italian sausage, eggs in hell, meatballs, spicy pepperoni dishes & spicy vodka sauces are Italian American cooking.

I’m not sure that I’ve been to an Italian American restaurant, including chains, in the last 30 years that didn’t have spicy food on the menu.
You can patch all of your programs at once when a vulnerability is discovered, and that is nice. However, the vulnerability may have become widespread in the first place because it was distributed in a shared library that everyone had to use. This is a double-edged sword that makes vulnerabilities just as easy to distribute as patches.
Afaik it's native. The `bs-platform` node package contains native binaries.
Obviously. Which is why we also have browser extensions that work around paywalls.

People are cheap and don’t want to pay for content, it’s as simple as that.
Not everything that is lawful is also ethical. He can do it and I firmly believe it is unethical at the same time. Also, and I am not necessarily referring to the CEO, being a bad person – when the noun would actually start with the letter a – doesn't mean having a mental disorder.
"The body of the NIE contained several qualifiers that were dropped in the executive summary. The fact that the State Department’s Bureau of Intelligence and Research disagreed with the conclusions was not highlighted.

As the draft NIE went up the intelligence chain of command, the conclusions were treated increasingly definitively. Only the summary of the NIE was partially declassified, and it omitted most of the reservations and nonconforming evidence. The fact that the NIE concluded that there was no operational tie between Saddam and al Qaeda did not offset
this alarming assessment."

https://www.rand.org/content/dam/rand/pubs/research_reports/...

I wouldn't call the IC or even the CIA "blameless" for Iraq either and I don't appreciate you putting the word in my mouth (we also probably share a generally sour view of the CIA - they have done too many godawful destabilizing things around the world). The IC weren't the ones ordering the troops to invade any country on flimsy politically-massaged evidence though.
LOGO was not a toy, it was a means to teach children the basics of differential geometry.
Gab.com banned from PayPal
Poststructuralism was created as an attempt by a certain group of Marxists who had given up on the usual ways to try to win people over to their political philosophy, and decided instead to persuade them there is no reality (or at least no way to know it, which for practical purposes amounts to largely the same thing,)and therefore all the standard arguments for liberalism are false, and we are free to create Marx's utopia. See for instance Hardt and Negri on all this. As a political strategy it has simply failed, though it has helped cause to a lot of the political problems we face today.
(24 oz = 709 ml)
fwiw I can compile the Linux kernel, depending on the configuration, in 15-20 minutes. I usually give it 4 cores.

EDIT: On x86. If you don't cross-compile your raspberry pi kernel, you're in for a bad time.
Linus Torvalds Shows His New Polite Side While Pointing Out Bad Kernel Code
SSD Prices Could Drop Over 50 Percent in 2019
Haha, yes, exactly my point.

And this makes me think that the existence of DRM is justified.
Thank you good sir.
What an utterly contentless response (and no, you're not in a free market). Based on your other comments on this post, I would recommend you spend some time learning about the system you're attempting to criticize.
So you're saying IPOs were all complete scams that provided no real value to anyone?
That seems like exactly the wrong approach. Reading the old SciAm was an afternoon of hard mental work each month but I thought of it as cheap education, hitting a sweet spot between solid content and accessibility/cost compared to journals. Cannot help seeing this as a strategic own goal.
This article started out really well, saying you shouldn't e.g. byte-swap as part of the overall task at hand, then wanders into comparisons with other languages. I had hoped it was instead going to say that you should use some verified parsing tool to unpack data. All the other languages, at some level, will byte swap! It is the choice of the level of abstraction (or lack thereof) which is the systemd bug here, not the choice of a C family language IMNSHO.
...something feels unnatural about this
Not sure which specific issues you encountered, but I had issues with defining actions and using their types in a union to the reducer.

There is a nice little library [1] that fixes this issue.

So a general redux setup looks as follows:

const FETCH_USERS_BEGIN = "@@FOO/FETCH_USERS_BEGIN"
const FETCH_USERS_SUCCESS = "@@FOO/FETCH_USERS_SUCCESS"
const FETCH_USERS_ERROR = "@@FOO/FETCH_USERS_ERROR"

const fetchUsersBegin = () => action(FETCH_USERS_BEGIN)
const fetchUsersSuccess = (users: IUser[]) => action(FETCH_USERS_SUCCESS, users)
const fetchUsersError = () => action(FETCH_USERS_ERROR)

type IActions =
| ReturnType<typeof fetchUsersBegin>
| ReturnType<typeof fetchUsersSuccess>
| ReturnType<typeof fetchUsersError>

interface IUser {
id: number
name: string
}

interface IState {
readonly isLoading: boolean
readonly isErrorLoading: boolean
readonly allIds: number[]
readonly byId: {
readonly [key: number]: IUser
}
}

const defaultState = {
isLoading: false,
isErrorLoading: false,
allIds: [],
byId: {}
}

const reducer = (state: IState = defaultState, action: IActions) => {
// narrowing on types
switch (action.type) {
case FETCH_USERS_BEGIN:
return { ...state, isLoading: true, isErrorLoading: false }
case FETCH_USERS_SUCCESS:
return {
...state,
byId: action.payload.reduce(
(acc, u) => ({ ...acc, [u.id]: u }),
{}
),
allIds: action.payload.map(u => u.id),
isLoading: false,
isErrorLoading: false
}
case FETCH_USERS_ERROR:
return {
...state,
isLoading: false,
isErrorLoading: true
}
default:
return state
}
}

[1]: https://github.com/piotrwitek/typesafe-actions#1-classic-js-...
The docs are the Ada language standard.

http://www.ada-auth.org/standards/index.html

Like with other languages, each vendor is free to do their best for optimizations, while keeping language semantics.

Besides Ada Core, there are a couple others but at enterprise budget levels.

http://www.adaic.org/ada-resources/pro-tools-services/
I meant design patterns as in software design patterns:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Design_Patterns

It's a software engineering technique to abstract and reuse software components, inspired by a similar concept in (physical) architecture. I was wondering if you wanted to do something similar, but of course with legal ah, entities (? What are contracts?) rather than software.

The wikipedia article I link to is not very good but the book is a staple in software engineering classes.
Good point. What about in pasta?
If you're in Florence, most pastas are sprinkled with chilli flakes.
Not actually in favor of ditching the Gregorian calendar, but if you’re going to do it, this isn’t the worst proposal I’ve ever seen and at least one (formerly) major US corporation was able to make it work for them internally for just over 60 years. It wouldn’t make a difference if the calendar was from 1902 AD or 1902 BC as long as it could work for society. They’re all pretty much made up. You draw some lines in the sand till you have a calendar, denominate a few standard units of time labeling some of them with the names of the gods or Kings or Emperors or whoever and count upwards from there.

My only problem with making the switch to any different calendar is no matter how uniform or predictable, you’re breaking something that works pretty decently well to replace it with something that might be different, but probably isn’t actually better.

A calendar is a calendar is a calendar. We’ve gotten pretty good as a society, as a civilization, marking time on the Gregorian calendar, ticking off holidays and making plans around our availability. A change like this would benefit a small number of people at a large up front cost to society, and the supposed benefits for the masses at large ring more as superficial justifications to get this imposed by the government than any kind of genuine benefit.
FWIW, macOS lets you use a case-sensitive filesystem, it's just not the default. In my experience, almost everything works perfectly fine out of the box.

The only serious problem I've encountered, which I'd imagine is a real deal-breaker for some, is that all of Adobe's products refuse to install on a case-sensitive filesystem.

IntelliJ editors also show you a warning telling you to add the following custom property: `idea.case.sensitive.fs=true`. Although I find it odd that they make you manually set the value, since they can clearly detect when it's needed...

On rare occasions homebrew will fail to install something, but it's usually fixed quickly with a small tweak to the formula. Ever since I switched a couple years back I've probably had to fix around 2 or 3 obscure packages, and I always push the change upstream.
Nim Community Survey 2018 Results
Shared objects are not only shared on disk, but their code segments are also shared in memory between executables that depends on the same libraries, lowering footprint and loading time.

The reason dependency hell arises is because there is a lack of discipline in setting the soname correctly according to a semantic versioning (i.e. someone change the interface without changing the soversion)

When soname is set correctly, there isn't really that much difference between /usr/lib and the GAC in Windows.
Not true for every team. As in Microsoft. As in Apple. As in Google. Amazon has great teams and supersmart people. If you're unlucky you end up in a crappy team. Since there are lots and lots, it's a luck-driven process.
What I Learned From Making Hot Sauce at Scale in China
Well given its use in Fucshia TCP/IP stack, file system management tooling, Android GPU debugger, not everyone at Google thinks like that.

Likewise those universities doing OS research in Go, submitting their findings to USENIX.
Yeah, there's a bunch of stuff we should do to make things better in the long term. Unfortunately we seem to be stuck with short term thinking and can't even manage to transition away from daylight savings or imperial units or the penny...
Understanding why SP500 dropped almost 10% in 3 weeks time
Yay! Cheers to Hubble!
Linux also supported more architectures in the past that I haven't included in my count (same for the BSDs too). If you updated the count with all architectures ever supported by the platform then I have doubts that it would change the ordering significantly.
Mathematical Components: formalized mathematics for the Coq system
>If you have a new Windows 10 PC and want to download Chrome, how else could you do it besides "using Microsoft Edge to download Chrome"?

Use Edge to download Firefox, and Firefox to download Chrome ;)
I wonder how it run on my humble P75 then.
This is a tangent/pile-on, but this is not the only dark pattern google engages in. I absolutely do not want YouTube Red. Any software that respects the user would let you dismiss the offer with an option for “do not ask me again.” And yet, because the software is not respecting the user, YouTube asks me ad nauseum if I want to upgrade to YouTube Red. No. I do not. But I don’t get an option for no. There is something like “yes” and “maybe later.” No google. My answer is no. Please respect me enough to let me make that choice.
Capturing Butter Heaven: Making Baker's Croissants
Sextuple plot twist, solar flares take out the power grid, and everyone buys diesels again.
From practical experience, I would say Azure is a moving target currently. Things beyond virtual machine and networks feel like moving targets.

For the sectors you cited that might not matter since those will not be using cloud resources but rather the common virtual machine workload.
What's the "absolute view"? This is identifying a trend. Since it's a trend that has implications for social inequality, it's worth paying attention to and deciding whether any changes should be made to address it.
For me, what competitive coding, or practice of it, improves 2 skills: (1) solve an algorithmic problems and (2) translate ideas into code quickly and correctly.

The number 1 is not that essential. But the number 2 is somewhat essential for day to day work.

Being able to code faster for programmers is like being able to run faster for footballers. It's not everything obviously. But if you can code much faster, you will be a better programmer.

Being obsessed with coding speed is also like being obsessed with running faster. After a certain threshold, it's probably not that helpful.

Anyway, at first, I didn't believe that there would be anyone who could code like 5x-10x faster than me. From practicing a div-1 level-3 problem in topcoder.com, even if I read up the answer, it still takes me like 1-5 hours to implement a solution. A champion would take like 30 minutes including finding the solution.

It was like WTF moment. How could people be that different?

Be aware that somebody can code 10x much faster than you is probably what you might miss out. Once you are aware of that, you know you probably can practice, at least, to be 2x or 3x faster.
Agreed. It's confusing and unexpected for the vast majority of users.
Grand Admiral Thrawn: Reviewing Financial and Life Lessons
Emergency Transmission
Planned month for paying down technical debt.
I know you’re being snarky, but the idea of someone self-medicating is not totally bonkers, which would indeed put the causality on PTSD, not the drink.

The classic example is that schizophrenics are much more likely (3x or so) to smoke. Interview with patients suggest that it helps control symptoms and there are somewhat plausible biological mechanisms that could explain why.

Stimulant use (mostly cocaine) is a bit more common in some neuropsych conditions. I don’t know of any studies about caffeine and PTSD specifically, but it seems pretty similar.
didn't click the link, but this has been possible since .Net 2.0. back when EasyHook was still in alpha I was using it to inject the entire CLR into unmanaged processes. My ridiculous self was writing intel ASM in C# byte arrays, changing permissions on memory pages to make them executable, pausing the process, then injecting my code. After that I discovered C and my life became much simpler.
And a boat load of refined sugar.