skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
My knee-jerk instinct was to read this paper and take it as truth in the sense that it's "debunking a popular belief," much like the "types of learning" belief. However, this paper is 12 years old, so I was curious about whether there had been any responses. I found this blog entry, which seems to be relatively well-researched: http://bdld.blogspot.com/2011/06/five-years-later-review-of-...

Especially of note is the section that states:

> The paper relies heavily on Cognitive Load Theory, yet we have to realize that it is still a theory rather than a law.

The author also quotes Joel Michael to unpack some of the difficulties in studying educational methodology in general, which gave me some perspective. It's something I've thought about a lot since many Japanese people mourn the "yutori kyoiku" (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yutori_education) philosophy and I would often wonder which generations of students were a result of that system and which were simply molded by other social pressures.
It honestly feels like these solutions are the wrong approach when compared to something like Nix.
You can do that with stock Android without any additional tools:

The enable developer options, go there, scroll down until you find the "simulate color space" option.
Except there were no Nigerians
https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation-now/2017/12/30/ni...
CheatSheet -- ‘active short cuts of the current application’ (https://www.cheatsheetapp.com/CheatSheet/)
With bit.ly specifically, add a "+" at the end of the url to see what it points to. It also shows you some stats like creation date and number of clicks over time.

https://bit.ly/19y8wyr+
(update) I misunderstood that comment. My apologies.
> I can bring a more accurate wind speed sensor to calibrate the windmill against the wind [...] But what should the prior be? [...] I have to have a crisp number — a full distribution actually, accurate out to the tails.

What would you do when the sensor returns negative wind speeds due to noise or errors?

The wind speed cannot be negative, or greater than speed of light. An expert in windmill can narrow down the prior distribution much more.

> But priors can be much harder.

Choosing a prior is hard because it requires thinking explicitly about the problem and its assumptions.
It merely exposes our lack of expertise on the problem.

When you're lazy, you can pick a uniform prior Uniform(0, c) and call it a day.

> We can sharpen the problem. Say my number and yours are different. How do we tell who is right?

Forget about prior, say, we have 2 sensors which output two slightly different wind speeds. Which wind speeds is right?
The lower one or the average speed.

This is a deep philosophical problem. However, it's a problem for any model.

> The prior will mostly wash out in any well-posed problem.

I don't think so. Any well-posed problem should include the prior, or else how can we tell: 2 data points is not enough?

> HN tends to invoke the Bayesian framework as a complete solution to inference [...]

Bayesian framework is indeed a complete solution to inference in a formal/logical sense.
However, I agree that there are many problems in applying Bayesian framework to real world problems that requires
serious thinking about our assumptions on the problem.
React is that, but React Native which competes with WPF, UIKit, and android.view is not that.
Requiring js for your security features to work adds more attack surface area but yes, it can be mitigated. But so much extra complexity!

I still don’t understand why you think url shorteners break the web.
Ask HN: How do/did the very successful programmers differentiate themselves?
A Unix Shell poster from 1983
> I've never had a facebook, myspace or youtube account and never will.

Nice work. I don't know why people are voting you down.
For online info products and SaaS subscriptions go with a price of:

$49

(no cents)

$49 gets more signups than $50, I don't have a source handy but I've seen it in multiple articles and have tested it with SaaS apps I develop/maintain.
Show HN: ﻿A Live chat UI crafted entirely using Web components
U.S. senators urge India to soften data localization stance
Well, I don't think it would be an ad anymore, because if the goal is to inform a consumer, the goal can't be to promote a particular product/brand/company.

So maybe something like independently ran price comparison sites would work?
Once the data is out there, though, you're vulnerable. You can "destroy" it later, from the perspective of a company, by asking the company nicely to destroy it for you, but that does nothing to protect you from state actors who may have had access to the data before. In fact, a state actor would likely take "asking nicely to destroy data in accordance with the rules and regulations" as a signal of which data was the most interesting to collect and retain.
Oh, thank you! I was a bit confused since I went to your site and couldn't find any evidence of a Japanese version. :)

If you have the time, would you mind elaborating a bit more on the following? I'm always curious (as an American living in Japan) about small/independent developers who split across two or more cultures.

1. How much of your userbase is Japanese vs English-speaking?

2. Do you find that the goals the users work toward are different based on the language/culture? Are there any things that are language-specific?

3. Do you find that one set of users is stickier than the other?
Your comment got me wondering about how widely Hellenistic cosmological models of the spherical earth circulated. I, like you, assumed it was only known to a small group of scholars like Eratosthenes. But digging around a bit, it seems like any literate person in the Mediterranean basin and Middle East during the time of the early Roman Empire could've been exposed to the idea of a spherical earth, via Aristotle or the Pythagoreans. Or at least so says Wikipedia's (surprisingly good) page for the history of the spherical earth model: "After the 5th century BC, no Greek writer of repute thought the world was anything but round." [1]

The page documents how this then filtered into Roman and early Muslim astronomical traditions. Granted, since only a small percentage of people in these societies were literate, it was probably true that most people in, say, the Roman or Sasanian empires thought the earth was flat. But given what we know about the ways that premodern books were read (often in public, sometimes to a large groups of people) it seems to me like an open question.

There's also this very interesting aside about the possibility that the Phoenicians also knew the earth was round, perhaps even predating the Greeks: "In The Histories, written 431–425 BC, Herodotus cast doubt on a report of the Sun observed shining from the north. He stated that the phenomenon was observed during a circumnavigation of Africa undertaken by Phoenician explorers employed by Egyptian pharaoh Necho II c. 610–595 BC (The Histories, 4.42) who claimed to have had the Sun on their right when circumnavigating in a clockwise direction. To modern historians, these details confirm the truth of the Phoenicians' report and even open the possibility that the Phoenicians knew about the spherical model. However, nothing certain about their knowledge of geography and navigation has survived."

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spherical_Earth#History
I don't know what you are talking about. The actual scientific papers are extremely clear on their results and how reliable their results are. Otherwise they get rejected by peer review. Obviously when those results are translated by the media, they are simplified and exaggerated. Which is how the media treats science as much as it treats politics, economics and every other story.

Moreover, climate science is in the hard science phase of maturity now. Which means that its unlikely that new data or new theories will results in major changes to what we think will happen. In other words, new data and new theories will only make minor course corrections to what we predict about the future. Earth's climate is still headed towards catastrophic changes due to human activity and anyone sane should be willing to bet their live savings on this.
IRC is still the same. Better, even.
I'm still on Android 6.1 so maybe Google has fixed it since then but the Protanomaly simulation is extremely wrong
Doesn't this browser replace ads with their own?
"They find sinners being punished, the worst of them being the ones who had written books with lies and fantasies, including Herodotus and Ctesias.[25][24]"

We the fiction writers are condemned to the deepest layer of hell... man. Pa always said nonfiction was the answer.
Maybe a little bit too paced?

According to the first graph, it's $30,000 in total sales over the last 2 years which forced him to continue freelancing as his main income. This post is basically announcing ramen profitability. (Of course it's still a great achievement to turn any profit on a side project, let alone supplant his main income)
How about just one? Just one browser with a robust social policy? Would that be so bad for the world?
smcFanControl - makes my old '14 MBP with replaced-almost-everything tolerably warm.

menuBUS - for easy switching between built-in audio, Bluetooth, digital output + equalizing each of them in their own ways.

Spectacle - for window management and easy fullscreen, half-screen and whatever-part-of-screen shortcuts.

Karabiner - for complicated hotkey rebinding and controlling those Logitech presenter sticks where clever designer put a tiny "Close presentation and exit" key right next to "Next slide".

LICEcap - for capturing screen to GIF files for easy sharing.
I deleted my IG a few days ago. I needed my degree in CS to manage it.

First, you can't delete IG from the app, only on the web. But, to log into the web site you need a password, which you probably don't have since you probably signed up with FB Connect. So then you have to go through the "forgotten password" route, log into your email to click a link to actually create a password. Then you can log into the IG web site to delete your account. When you finally do that, you keep seeing these dark patterns to reactivate your account. It took me about half an hour.

It seems to me they've clearly tried to make deleting your IG account technically possible but as difficult as possible for the average user. I'm almost surprised they don't require you to send something by snail mail it's so difficult.
I wish tree planting had the same stock market attraction as Tesla creating EV's as a 'green' company.
What's the state of discussion of the disadvantages of HTTP/2 now?

A few years ago I heard the argument that it basically benefits Google and other large companies and inconveniences everyone else.
I wish them best of luck, but am more optimistic about Paul Allen's Stratolaunch system: https://www.stratolaunch.com/2018/08/20/stratolaunch-announc...
They hope to orbit a 370kg payload in 2020.

That mass seems almost sufficient to send up a human.

Could we build a 300kg capsule to carry a 70kg human payload, a few hours of air and power, parachute, heatshield, and enough thrust to de-orbit (with less than 5-7G of acceleration)?

Stratolaunch is using a Pegasus rocket https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pegasus_(rocket), which is obviously not rated for human spaceflight, but rich "explorers" might be interested.
40% of the American middle class face poverty in retirement, study concludes
I disagree with your classification, although I suspect we agree in general.

While these tidbits could minimize startup revenue, they don't minimize "value provided to customers". And it's good advice for anyone who wants to provide a valuable service or technology at a good price.

Some folks want to build a company with the most users. Some folks want to maximize revenue. Some folks want to maximize profit.

An entirely different segment of service providers wants to maximize the value they provide their customers.
It shouldn't be a surprise that ...

If you mess around in a big way with something that is really complicated, and has evolved over (at least) millions of years, and there are so many factors that you are unable to take them all into account ...

the consequences may not be predictable.

The greenhouse effect, however, is quite easy to establish. Perhaps it's time to stop experimenting, for a century or ten.
Category Theory Course by John Baez
Will bears sell toilet paper in the woods?
That was simple. Thank you!
Special Report on Global Warming of 1.5 ºC
YC W2019 – Update after submission
We've some major developments after the submission. Is that any way I can edit the application / send the update to someone?
Very refreshing. Focusing on one's own users instead of being fixated on the competition is something many companies could learn from.
I find that fb stuff sometimes doesn't translate well into real life relationships when I don't interact with the person often. For ongoing friends it's just another source of smalltalk, but if I don't see them often I don't know if I can make fun of that one facebook affirmation gif.
You should read the tesla news groups, like telsamotorsclub.com. Lots of true believers, but also honest discussion of how badly they made this process for their buyers. It seems like though they have a very high quality vehicle, they showed their inexperience in struggling to scale the sales and delivery process. Fortunately the cars are good enough that it didn't significantly hurt the company, at least to this point.

What people aren't eager to talk about is the bs that stock shorts put out, because that has gotten old over the year. Examples: there is no demand, they don't last, the batteries go bad quickly, there is no supply of new cars, the new cars are all bad, they make cars but put them in a giant parking lot because they can't sell them, they are unreliable, they catch on fire, etc. There are problems with them, cars have gotten through production that needed paint and minor body work, it's true. But many people got great cars.
The ‘z’ directory switching bash script is usually the first thing I miss when away from my own environment: https://github.com/rupa/z
You should browse the WIKI => https://github.com/Taymindis/nginx-c-function/wiki
Errors are not exceptional problems.
~/.bash_profile is the macOS equivalent of a .bashrc

It's also possible that the author is source-ing it (spelled that way intentionally :\) ) from another file in their .bash_profile

Note also that the author of the comment above was fast and loose with their description of dlm, and if you copypaste it as-written, it'll bomb. (Perhaps obvious, but you did ask where to put it!)
You may not have posted in a long time, but have you logged in?
It used to :-). I think the large number of Tesla model 3's with people appropriating that term could change that fact.
Relevant Twitter thread by Matt Levine

https://twitter.com/matt_levine/status/1033185120520417280

Tldr: "cracking down on fraud" will mostly harm poor people
The foggy/cloudy distinction is a funny distinction. I still remember how until I went through a cloud in a plane as a kid, I somehow didn't realize that fog and clouds were exactly the same thing.

Sure, you could point out that one touches the ground and the other doesn't, but that feels like a rather nebulous distinction to make.

Incidentally, the same lack of distinction exists in Portuguese.
> Not sure what you mean. The elements of an ArrayList(ArrayList(i32)) are ArrayList(i32)s.

I believe what he was wasking was "given an ArrayList(i32), how would you expect it to call deinit on the member i32s?". The answer, of course, is that you don't, which is also true of ArrayList(ArrayList(i32)). ArrayList absolutely supports heap-allocated types, you just have to free them yourself before calling deinit() on the ArrayList itself.
No, we did not. Introducing you to Japanese Unit 731 [1] that was conducting atrocious human testing during World War 2 and whose information was happily collected afterwards with the promise of “forgetting” about the crimes committed.

> Shiro Ishii, as the chief of the unit, was granted war crime immunity from the US occupation authorities, because of his provision of human experimentation research materials to the US.

[1] https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unit_731
Perhaps it's a regional difference or just demographics/preferences of the respective groups. I almost only ever see slabs or sixes.
We use storyboards and xibs extensively for a pretty large app (50+ unique view controllers, hundreds of use-cases).
Although I grant that our team size is pretty small (< 10). But even with a much larger organisation, I would expect different teams to be assigned to different features, so there shouldn't be more UI-related merge conflicts.

Interface builder is very useful for previewing constraints with different size classes and device models, and also for previewing localisations (app localized to 20+ languages).

With some exceptions, we only have a single view controller in a storyboard file.
This, and managing UI tasks so that just one or two developers work in the same part of the UI makes us have very few xib and storyboard merge conflicts.
This is neat but there is something quite wrong with the protanomaly/protanopia simulation. Look how it effects blue:

normal: https://i.imgur.com/icgmrI6.png

protanopia simulation: https://i.imgur.com/3FKU4eT.png

It adds a ton of red instead of removing it. Blues should be largly unaffected by protanomaly (though purples will turn to blue)
I understand the confusion, because I had to read the title twice to understand what was meant by the $5/month as well.

It isn't necessarily wrong, just potentially confusing if you read it the wrong way.
Prices for everything will need to come down and people will learn not to consume for its own sake. Return to normalcy
Don't loose heart, it's still turning. Although the fraction of privacy-conscious, technically involved, and non-evil users has plummeted, the absolute number of them is much higher and still growing.
I preferred nginx over kore.io. The nginx can do a lot of things and been recognize by a lot of popular company
Not precisely a tool, but YouTube channels actually have RSS feeds associated with them:

https://www.youtube.com/feeds/videos.xml?channel_id=<channel-id>

From your subscriptions page, you can even download an OPML with feeds for each channel. Most RSS will let you import this just fine.

As I love the cli, my preferred reader is newsboat[0].

[0]: https://newsboat.org/
+1 menuBUS is great. Too bad it's not being developed anymore.
Ask HN: What books/courses/certifications should I get for office IT?
I have a CS degree but I'm looking to study for an IT job. Managing a company's internal network, handling security, on-boarding new users, that sort of thing.

Where can I learn more about this? Are there any standard texts or popular courses I can study from?
I'm sure it could easily have been more hands-on, though. I think all governments engage in this to some degree, or try to, or would like to. It's a natural extension of power, control over the country, getting your hooks into your dependencies. We see how rich people and companies have essentially stopped contributing finanically to the running of the country, which isn't free.
Sure, I could believe that young people have a better chance of founding a $100B business. But I (and almost everyone else thinking about founding a startup) isn't going for the $100B moonshot, just becoming your "everyday" successful entrepreneur with a <$100M exit is quite enough, and I find it very plausible that 45 year olds are much, much better at building those.
I came across Lightberry [1] recently that claims they can do 4k @ 60 Hz from an HDMI signal, and is also HDCP compliant.

This talks to a Raspberry Pi using USB 2, and on their site [2], it talks about using the UTV007 [3] and STK1160 [4] chips, both of which are only 720x480px @ 30fps. As you really don't need high resolution for the LED lighting, what they must be doing is using an HDMI splitter and then converting to a lower quality signal, and then capturing/sampling that. Normally HDMI doesn't allow this but it's probably not too hard to find splitters that silently do this anyway.

In fact, here's a write-up [5] on using the "HD Fury Linker" [6] to basically upgrade the "Lightberry HD" to work with 4k. HD Fury makes some interesting products to manipulate the HDMI handshake an EDID [7] and an HDMI splitter that has HDCP decryption/encryption and "comes with USB upgradable firmware that allow you to unleash furious features" [8].

The last time I looked at this was about 10 years ago and I remember being put off by the compromises and complexity the HDMI signal path issues caused. Looks like that is no longer an issue (provided you are willing to pay for the gear).

[1] https://lightberry.eu

[2] https://lightberry.eu/getting-started/#grabberAccordion

[3] https://www.linuxtv.org/wiki/index.php/Easycap#USBTV007_Easy...

[4] https://www.linuxtv.org/wiki/index.php/Stk1160_based_USB_2.0...

[5] http://www.chewie.co.uk/general/how-to-get-lightberry-hd-to-...

[6] https://hdfury.com/product/linker-4k60-444-600mhz-scaler/

[7] https://hdfury.com/product/dr-hdmi/

[8] https://hdfury.com/product/splitter-4k/
> You can't have your cake and eat it too. You can't both be on the Internet but then put up an insane ToS claiming you have rights that restrain Internet users.

Can you explain that further because you pretty much to have to have a ToS if you don't want to get sued to death for any moderately sized website? The WWW is not a complete free for all.
Among the Ruins of Mexico Beach Stands One House, Built ‘for the Big One’
CNN 2018 forecasts
Figs – Datalegreya (text and graphs)
Twitter deleted 1000s of accounts of humans parodying bots
Lessons from an ’80s Trade War
Brave doesn’t have its own ads yet, those are being tested now. In order to see Brave’s ads, which are based on things you view via zero knowledge proofs computed on your device, you would have to opt-in.

If you opt-in, you’ll get paid in Basic Attention Tokens to view these ads.
> Why Churn Rate is Surprisingly Low

Yeah, you're in your first year. Of course churn rate is low.
Finally people are waking up to what I have been telling friends and family. If you don't say "no" to the financial heroin dealers, you will become a slave.
Remote village where people walk on all fours – 60 Minutes Australia
Also, unlike browsers that use ad blocking extensions, when you go to a website with 3rd party ads using Brave, you don’t get those annoying pop-ups that say “I see that you’re using an ad blocker blah blah blah”.
The more symbols used, the less it looks like a human-consumable language (note: "looks like", not "is").

The more symbols, the harder it is to unpack the code into (and restate in a) human language. Even in your head. IOW, if you're mostly monoligual, and you think about code in English (or whatever your preferred language is), more symbols can actually make it harder to think about the code.

Trivial example: a = a+b is slightly easier to say (and think) in English than a += b