skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
When chips are manufactured there are process tests using test structures embedded in the pad ring and scribe area between the die images, as well as functional tests that are specific to the design.

Risk production just means the "customer" will accept the parts from the fab without the parts being fully tested.

In other words, the customer is accepting the "risk" of parts not working. When the fab settings and test flow are mature then the fab assumes responsibility for parts that do not pass the testing.
That's not how security works. In the real world, security is in part a resource allocation problem. We spend resources to raise the cost of an attack over the threshold a model attacker would pay. There is a reason nobody gives enough of a shit to sign SPF records, and you can start to see it by taking the time to track down all the incident reports where someone exploited cache poisoning to override SPF.
Yeah, welcome to freaking HN? FYI, "Live Regions" is an ARIA feature and has nothing whatsoever to do with React specifically. ARIA, also commonly known as WAI ARIA. Which stands for Web Accessibility Initiative - Accessible Rich Internet Applications. It's a W3C suite of standards literally all about accessibility. That's probably what made it so mind-boggling that you'd think it's news to an accessibility expert.
An index into any std data structure has type usize, though, and usize is 64 bits on a 64 bit machine.
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Some positions are not yet advertised. If you are interested in working on distributed systems in Rust and Elixir, please reply to this thread with your email using the steps below:

echo "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 TkQgUFVCTElDIEtFWS0tLS0tCg==" | base64 -D > crypto.pub

echo "your@email.contact" | openssl rsautl -encrypt -oaep -pubin -inkey crypto.pub -out contact.enc

base64 contact.enc
> I could staff an entire dev team with non-male people within a week.

I think the recruiting team at my company would very much be interested in speaking with you.
Very Interesting concept
>Prices don't go down unless there is competition

Prices also go down if it will lead to more profit. If you can sell 2.1 times as many widgets selling at half the profit then of course you will.
The 'disappearing middle class' is not what you think it is. I try to actively research the things I talk about in in searching for information on the widely reported chiseling out of the middle class I came upon this [1] paper. And that paper does describe that. In 1979 the middle class controlled 46% of all income, and the upper/rich classes controlled 30%. Today (well at least today as of 2014) the rich and upper class control 63% with the middle class left with 26%. The middle class has also shrunk, going from 38.8% of society to 32%. And that's where most media reports on this generally stop, but it's incredibly misleading.

That paper also gets into exactly how the size of the various socioeconomic groups are changing. This is their change in size from 1979 to 2014, as a percent of the total population:

- Rich: 0.1% -> 1.8%

- Upper Middle Class: 12.9% -> 29.4%

- Middle Class: 38.8% -> 32%

- Lower Middle Class: 23.9% -> 17.1%

- Poor or Near-Poor: 24.3% -> 19.8%

Statistics like this are certainly subject to biased interpretation and 'massaging'. If one is curious about the source, wiki has a section on the political stance of the Urban Institute [2]. Though the paper itself is very transparent in their methodology and extremely readable. I found it all eye opening to the point that it literally changed my worldview. Everybody is moving up at an incredibly rapid pace. I mean keep in mind this is only over 35 years! We are doing something very right from an economic point of view.

[1] - https://www.urban.org/research/publication/growing-size-and-...

[2] - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urban_Institute#Political_stan...
Is it easier to break a tank than operate one? Then why a robot?
Voxel space
As far as I can read it, the top half shows (in blue) two estimates of "potential GDP", which is a measure of how much an economy could produce if all available resources were used to the fullest. (For example, an economy may be below potential because of difficulty matching workers to jobs, or credit to investment, for example.) Both blue lines are estimates of potential future GDP, with the light blue line the estimate made in 2007 while the dark blue line is the estimate made in 2018. Then, against this potential GDP line, the red line is the actual GDP at those times. The bottom half of the figure is the same data, but zeroed at the red line and flipped, so the blue shapes are how far the economy was below potential GDP, according to the 2007 and 2018 estimates.

I think the grandparent is implying that the 2018 estimate is modified to suit the preferences of revered leaders (not sure who... Trump? Obama? Yellen? Powell?), presumably to portray the economy as doing well (whereas the 2007 estimate would suggest the economy is still far below its potential). I am guessing at the grandparent's intentions, so it would be good to get clarification.

I think it is a silly claim. One reason for the 2007 estimate to differ from the 2018 estimate is political bias. Another is 11 extra years of data.

And plenty of anecdotal signs suggest the 2018 estimate is clearly better than the 2007 estimate. According to the 2007 estimate, the economy is slowly falling further and further behind its potential. Does anyone think the employment situation is currently worse than 2010? If improving the unemployment rate from 10% to 4% just leads to treading water against potential GDP, how low does it need to go to catch up? -10%? (Unemployment is relevant here because one of the underutilized resources in the economy ~2009 was workers: plenty were without work.)
What does this app do? It uses maps but what does it use maps for? Is it sharing content, pictures, etc? What need does it serve. Are you trying to get random people around the world to connect? China probably wont be in due to communist ways.
LogicBlox more or less did that, though restricted to Datalog with various extensions. It's a commercial system though and not publicly available, except for online training material. See https://developer.logicblox.com/playground/ (since you probably don't know what to do, it's best to go to https://developer.logicblox.com/content/docs4/tutorial/repl/... )
There will be a great deal more demand in the healthcare sector all over the developed world in the coming decades. Japan is leading the way with the oldest demographics among large economies. Its demographics leads Western Europe by a decade or so and perhaps a couple more for the US.

We should start training people for jobs like homecare assistance, nursing home care, etc and developing institutions and solutions for funding them. An apprenticeship program complemented by some classes might work better than college for these jobs.

The jobs do require some skills but they are skills most people can acquire with good training. The latent demand is enormous and the work is potentially more fulfilling than moving stuff around a warehouse.
As far as I can tell there is no evidence that the practice has stopped
They don't have to be stored as a usize. This is slightly annoying because it may add casts, but not if one already has a newtype wrapper around the integers: the type stored in the wrapper could be a u32, with the conversions to usize hidden by the indexing APIs.
In a lockfree data structure, how do you ensure GC stalls never happen in the real-time code?

I write a lot of lockfree C++ that requires 100 nanosecond-magnitude latencies 100% of the time. But in doing so, my algorithms are always implemented with a cache coherent wait-free allocator pool as well.

I don’t see how you can achieve the same thing in a GC language without a lot of manual tuning or a similar memory pool design.
Of course the government would deny.

But I agree, it doesn't make a whole lot of sense, just an idea.

It might very well be true however and it would raise flags for a lot of companies, not just Apple and Amazon, and it could very well be a 'reality check' for corporate America.

I happen to know a little bit about how the US does some of these things, moreover, a lot of it is public information, and it wouldn't surprise me one bit if this story were essentially true and that there's a lot of lying involved.

But who knows, it's a really weird one.
Did I say 'encouraged in the guidelines'?

The founder said he thinks it's OK, so people do it.
I think that's most likely true, but the wildcard is that "actual law" is breaking down for an increasing number of people. There is an increasing perception that existing government institutions and law enforcement are a tool for the wealthy & powerful to oppress the poor, and - whether I agree with that perception or not - when it comes to government legitimacy, perception is reality. This trend comes from outside of cryptocurrency, and is driven by things like international terrorism, perpetual war, drug cartels, state corruption, Occupy Wall Street and the continuing anger that few if any of the Wall Street Bankers that got us into the global financial crisis were punished for it, the Tea Party, police brutality, a legal system that's unaffordable for anyone that's not rich, increasing political polarization, filter bubbles, and the rise of authoritarian governments. Cryptocurrency's just stepping into the void left behind when institutions fuck themselves up; if they continue fucking up, it's only a matter of time before you start seeing crypto-legal systems with automated drone enforcement.

If you suggested in the late 1990s that people would be spending real money for cryptocurrency, I'd think you were crazy. (Actually, Cryptonomicon did suggest exactly that, and I thought that particular plot point was crazy.) Now, I'd give it maybe an 85% chance of being a crazy passing fad and a 15% chance of being the social organizing principle of the 22nd century.
Why did they choose being a high school teacher?

Are there specifics about hiring processes in tech that bias against or scare away female candidates?
Right. I’m very familiar with all these mechanisms, I guess I just don’t agree that the ability to cause an OOM, particularly if applications are isolated in cgroups appropriately, is a big deal. On balance, not allowing applications to use virtual memory for useful things (such as the Go case of future heap reservation) or underutilizing physical memory seems worse.

As an aside, it seems like an apples and oranges comparison to compare “freeing” by zeroing (which doesn’t free at all) to MADV_DONTNEED. I’m also pretty sure that munmap will be much slower than MADV_DONTNEED, or at least way less scalable, given that it needs to acquire a write lock on mmap_sem, which tends to be a bottleneck. It does seem like there’s a lot of opportunity for a better interface than MADV_DONTNEED though (e.g. something asynchronous, so you can batch the TLB flush and avoid the synchronous kernel transition).
LinkedIn brings in more rev that Windows products seriously? Is there a table somewhere showing what they are spending on different product groups?
American cheese sales flagging
While I have similar feelings, I also think the mark of success for WebAssembly will be if it succeeds in freeing developers to do web stuff in the language of their choice.

Even if that choice is a familiar JavaScript-like language, it still proves the point that the web is now open to whatever the developer wants. So in that sense, I applaud and welcome things like this.

Please do port all of most-hated languages to run with WebAssembly and create new ones that I also don't like. It more or less means that languages I love can be ported and that new ones I will love can be created.
Modern network ASICs are highly-programmable devices. So you can implement a lot of magic on the same hardware as competitors.

It's really not one way or the other, but the software and hardware working together that's important.

[disclaimer: I am a former Arista employee. I did some of the "light" Fedora modifications.]
The Language and Notation of Nonlinear Optimization [pdf]
Thst’s great but some people are going to school and working nearly FT jobs. No hobbies for them.
What makes Lua worse than TCL? Not a TCL expert.
The most productive language of Gilles, well-known in the Postgres community by the way, is perl, and he can do completely crazy things with it. See for example pgbadger (https://github.com/darold/pgbadger), one of his other projects.
Nothing wrong with boys! Not enough girls. I felt very out of place
Because it's just an exposition of a fact (assuming it's factual).

It's not propaganda to inform the world that someone is infiltrating supply chain networks for the purposes of espionage. As if they are not aware already, it's a wake-up call.

If the story were utterly untrue, or it was a pernicious fabrication of information or misdirection, then it would be propaganda.

For example, some US military maneuvers in E. Asia are especially made public via mainstream media channels (even though they might be public anyhow, there's extra emphasis to make sure there's coverage) to make sure a message is sent. The popularization of a straight forward story in that case I don't think would really be propaganda.
6 hour days? Fire her.
There's a lot of caching done by e.g. Comcast that does not always honor the TTL.
What purpose does compaction serve in a 64 bit virtual address space on Intel? The processor addresses and caches by cache line and the address space is huge enough to handle most allocations.

Not to say it’s impossible in C/C++, but I’ve only ever seen fragmentation issues in old versions of Java and C# where the runtime repeatedly commits large swathes of contiguous memory. The key differentiator here is the VM’s insistence on contiguous allocations, whereas malloc has no such requirements.
> 4. Any sort of refactoring that may adjust ownership. E.g. going from T to Rc<T>. GC requires fewer choices so these refactorings are easier.

This pain is real. I've been using Rust for four years now, and it hasn't gotten any easier. And unfortunately, the best strategy I have for refactoring is still "start refactoring; then see what issues come up and if I have to revert".
[‘1’,’2’,’3’,’4’,’5’,’6’,’7’,’8’,’9’,’10’].map(d => parseInt(d));

Returns

[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10]
>I think the grandparent is implying that the 2018 estimate is modified to suit the preferences of revered leaders (not sure who... Trump? Obama? Yellen? Powell?), presumably to portray the economy as doing well (whereas the 2007 estimate would suggest the economy is still far below its potential).

I take revered leaders to be those who drive the economic models being used to calculate what people are supposed to believe… it could be those figure heads you mention, but it also could encompass a larger swath of people.

>Does anyone think the employment situation is currently worse than 2010? If improving the unemployment rate from 10% to 4% just leads to treading water against potential GDP, how low does it need to go to catch up? -10%?

If one ignores all the changes that have happened to see how the unemployment rate ("where 17 million American workers don't just disappear") is even calculated then sure, the economy is better, because the unemployment rate says so…
> crypto-legal systems with automated drone enforcement.

Or read Snow Crash by Neal Stephenson and experience it today. :)
> > Raw pointers—if they're single heap allocations—are also runtime validity-checked

> I prefer my runtime validity checking to not come with CVE numbers, the corruption of instances of completely unrelated types, and other such heisenbugs.

I agree with your point, but DoS attacks do get you CVEs as well.

Personally, whenever I've got into writing Rust I was quite worried about the relaxed way you were told to use runtime-checked structures after many pages describing how Rust has such strong statically-checked safety guarantees.

I get that you need both because compilers and compiler research aren't close to proving many cases that programmers need to make use of, but selling both the ease of runtime-checked structures and how strong the static checking is feels a bit too much like trying to have it both ways. Sure, both are true, but then strong static checking doesn't really mean the same thing (that you're sure your program won't do certain things, which means you have to now do similar reasoning and debugging when dealing with other runtime-checked languages).
By the time they're trained up the robots will have taken their jobs too.

https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/feb/06/japan-robots-w...
https://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-5014079/15-000-ro...

I love technology, but honestly I find this terrifying. People aren't just going to be unemployed, they're going to be unemployable.

This how workers must have felt during the first industrial revolution, I'd say we're in the second one now.
data in iCloud servers is NOT encrypted. Apple has provided it to law enforcement on request. They are quite open about it.
"You bend the structure of reality too much... it snaps back at you"
If Yossi was ex KGB or CIA instead of ex Mossad, would it modify your perception of the veracity of his statements?
> Well that's just dumb. Taxpayers are subsidizing TWU -- actually paying for absolutely nothing in return.

I agree that it is a terrible idea. Unfortunately, NY government (and the elections) are so corrupt that there's literally nothing we can do about it.
You could just port the C libraries that Python uses.

You might want to check that you’re actually gaining any performance, the JIT compilations of JavaScript aren’t often slow.
Found a primary source on Tesla board about news of this type. 20% stake holder, therefore has huge influence on decision.

https://twitter.com/elonmusk/status/1050164164805545984

Tesla and Elon Musk propaganda campaigns are so successful on Hacker News that I'm getting close to just being done with the site entirely.
Right! And a computer is just a pile of sand in metal casing.
I don't think your idea is too far out.

If it were true, I wouldn't be the least surprised.

But consider this - it might be absolutely fair.

For the same reason you cannot have 'free trade' between a 'state actor' and an 'open economy'. Can't work due to dumping, strategic investments, etc. etc..

So if China wants to play huge strategic games and control their economy, keep wages low, keep people utterly in the dark and under their control - for the purposes of taking away major industrial sectors to the US ... then it would be 100% fair game for the US to intervene. I don't even think they'd have to do it covertly.

I believe that there should be an x% tarrif from any nation that is not 'free market'. And then a y% tariff if they are externalizing things like pollution and human rights. After all, if China has only a 50% wage advantage due to overtly oppressed wages, then how can anyone compete? And then a z% tariff for currency manipulation.

'Tit for tat trade' is the best policy and I think that would be a great approach to China: when they enact pollution laws that are consistent with ours, then that tariff gets reduced. When they get rid of currency flow controls and allow money to cross the border as happens here, then no more %z tariff.

The truly bizarre thing about this scenario is that this is a surprise to anyone. Of course 'supply chains are infiltrated'. This is 100% happening, we know this, because 'we' i.e. Western powers do it. For gosh sakes. Given the super aggressive policies that China has going on right now - even trying to recruit and pressure ex-pat students, their 100% control of information etc. ... it should be of no surprise to anyone that they are up to this.

Even Canadian PM Trudeau, kind of the 'opposite of Trump' and actively trying to get along in China has recently banned some Chinese investment and activity by mobile phone manufacturers.

I think that any major company should probably be inspecting all hardware that comes in, and I don't doubt that this is going to be 'the new normal'.

I hope it's all just a bad story but my bet is that it leans towards the truth, and there is probably some funny business going on as well.
Oh my, how can anybody think that they are in any way affiliated!? /s
That's just a cop out. Both are equally dubious, sugarcoated garbage.
FWIW, it is possible to make it a bit more ergonomic:

pub struct SmartRef<'a> {
container: &'a Container,
widget: usize,
}
impl <'a> std::ops::Deref for SmartRef<'a> {
type Target = Widget; // Widget provides non-traversing functionality
fn deref(&self) -> &Widget {
&self.container.widgets[self.widget]
}
}
impl <'a> SmartRef<'a> {
fn children(&'a self) -> impl Iterator<Item = SmartRef<'a>> {
self.container
.widgets[self.widget]
.children.iter().map(move |w| SmartRef { container: self.container, widget: *w })
}
}

fn boo(container: &Container) {
let root = SmartRef { container, widget: 0 };
println!("name: {}", root.name);
for child in root.children() {
println!("child name: {}", child.name);
}
}

(removed GAT remark -- it does not apply here; was thinking about generalizing this with traits)
Are you seriously hung up on keywords? Also, you are not required to use "let"...
Nearly $13B wiped off of cryptocurrency market as major coins plunge
You can't get security vulnerabilities due to use-after-free if you use indices. Don't use unsafe for this.
I worked at a company that prided itself as a meritocracy and we produced phenomenal value for our customers. We eventually got purchased by a huge corporation, which took over our hiring processes, and told us we could no longer assess a candidate's technical skill level. Soon after that, our best employees started leaving and they were being replaced with people that improved our diversity numbers, but had very little technical capability. If you were female, black, or LGBT, you were hired on the spot. Some of the female candidates were good, but the majority of the new hires were a dead weight and the productivity of the office tanked. I am all for equality, but it's sheer nonsense to hire based on gender, race, or sexual orientation.
Satellite images show coal power plants are likely to be bad business for China
Stephen Hawking's final scientific paper released