skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Former cop here: I think the biggest misconception about SWAT teams is that what makes them different is that they carry rifles instead of handguns. (In fact, in most departments every officer carries a rifle in his/her patrol car.)

A SWAT team is a group of officers who train as a team for high-risk situations like drug warrants and, yes, hostage situations. By contrast, most other officers are trained to respond solo or in pairs, and often don't spend nearly as much time practicing things like room clearance. If the police are going to break down your door, you want the best-trained most experienced officers doing it. The SWAT guys are calmer, more professional, and less likely to pull the trigger when startled.
For starters, there are a lot of places in the US I can't live because I need home access to good Internet.
Thanks for creating Sourcegraph for GitLab https://github.com/sourcegraph/about/blob/master/projects/so... we really appreciate it.

Every single developer that used Sourcegraph and talked to me about it loved the product. I think that every code product must have intelligent navigation.

I saw you already responded to my tweet in https://twitter.com/sqs/status/1046986755919024129 We're looking forward to add Sourcegraph to GitLab by default and it is awesome that you offer to do the work.

Thanks for choosing the Apache license which will make this much more acceptable to some companies then for example AGPL.
Interesting - could you elaborate on why it's "not possible"? Sounds like you want to access to a broader pool of talented candidates without compensating them fairly. At least that's the impression I'm getting.

If you are open to remote _contractors_ I suggest being more explicit about that.
"Show HN" requires that it be ready for users to try out. Sign-up pages don't count. Please see https://news.ycombinator.com/showhn.html.

Once you have something that users can try right away, you're welcome to come back and post a Show HN.
> I think you're saying that Python isn't great at procedural programming.

No, I'm saying it has weaknesses as a first programming language for beginners. Of course Python is practical, that's why it's so insanely popular.

The reason my friend went back to Excel wasn't because of a weakness in how Python is structured or what types of programs you can write in it. He left it because he didn't like needing to look up how to do things, or look to see what library supported what function. Excel is limited and inflexible, but he knows the "API" by heart, so when he's doing something creative, he's spending more time thinking in depth about the concepts he already knows, and less time learning new concepts.

Python is just big. There's a lot of it. There are multiple ways to do everything. That's good, and I like that about the language. But it's also kind of bad. You can ignore a lot of it, but that takes effort and it limits what resources/tutorials you can look at online. Being able to grab someone else's code off the Internet and learn from it or change it for your own projects is nice. But if you want to do that for Python, you need to be good at the language first.

That's what I think the strength of very small languages are. You can hold them entirely in your head without too much effort, so as a beginner you're able to spend more time applying them, which is often the fun part of programming for a beginner anyway.
A system so weak it can't represent arithmetic is a notable but minor edge case that doesn't really deserve to be called a logic system.

(Stop pretending people can read your mind.)
https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=18062405
Pleasent C: it's good, actually
I think it's important what one believes in and what one pushes towards. Sometimes, I don't care who came up with an idea, I care who pushed it forward because they thought it was worth it and they believed in that idea.
> I think for most folks actually living in these high cost areas, capital appreciation is not the primary motivation.

Sure, they want a house so they can live in it. But who wants to pay a million dollars, which you either have to pay interest on (if borrowed) or can't collect interest on (if not), when it's only going to be worth the same amount of money in 30 years? At 5% interest, the lack of equivalent appreciation more than quadruples the opportunity cost of buying the house over the course of 30 years. It changes what they're willing to pay.

> Also I disagree that they are universally destructive - how else do you explain the long term success of high price cities such as London, New York City, Hong Kong, etc.

It has always been the case that some cities are more expensive than others, but that's not what we're talking about. Nor are we talking about small affluent sections like Manhattan. If you look at, say, Brooklyn, it was historically affordable to ordinary people (and 20 minutes from Manhattan). That's what's changed.

And there's no way housing in San Francisco isn't a massive bubble. It's hard to predict how long it will be before the crash, but it's obvious that it's not sustainable.
One idea might be to have some way to register a 'code word' with the police/911 dispatch for a given address/phone in advance. If the code word is spoken, that gives extra signal that it's a genuine threat.

In practice, not sure if the IT of most departments is sophisticated enough, but in theory that might help.
Unraveling a Tesla Mystery: Lots of Parked Cars
Inventor of the web has a plan to disrupt Google and Facebook, once and for all
the later, it's for having an IP portfolio and getting a choke-hold on the market
https://outline.com/jaDXPP
I’ll add - “they had the privilege of being able to focus their attention and not be harmed for it”.
I am pretty sure thing are the way they are for a good reason that you and I have no insight to. Otherwise they wouldn’t be this way. Cops are not stupid and neither are the people running those teams. I doubt it gives them any pleasure responding to potentially deadly situations and putting their own lives at risk. Cops have families too. Perhaps we need to ask someone who knows better instead of speculating.
Sourcegraph CEO here. :) Thanks for creating GitLab and for the kind words. We're indeed looking forward to adding Sourcegraph to GitLab by default. Look out for a prototype/proposal MR from us in a bit. That's one of the super valuable kinds of features/integrations that we can do now that Sourcegraph is open source!
The limit is established, and constantly reevaulated by the Supreme Court. For example it was held that gun control cannot be done through the Commerce Clause.

Car emissions and ISPs are different. As ISPs are very much perfect examples of truly local things (they need to reach your devices with EM signals either via cables or air radio), the Federal government might try to argue that the net neutrality regulation of California affects the whole economy substantially, because it allows too much interstate competition due to the lack of bundling/throttling by ISPs.

Similarly, the problem with car emissions might be that requiring thing at the time of sale affects what kind of cars are sold to CA.

Is the Commerce Clause too vague? Yes. Is there a quick and sane way to fix it? I see none. Is it at least applied consistently? Well, sort of. But we shall see.
A zillion fake accounts upvoted this post. That will get your account(s) banned here, so please don't do that!

https://news.ycombinator.com/newsfaq.html
I agree.

Just like how engineers certify building plans to ensure the laws of physics are respected, patents really should need to go through some sort of peer certification review - at the submitter's expense - before it gets in front of an examiner!
If you're not hosting that site P2P yet you're just centralizing the distributed Web.
Weird take. But here goes. Jobs was a jerk. But -- speaking for myself here and many of my colleagues -- we engineers are, ourselves, a pretty egotistical bunch. And when operating from a place of ego, it's just a lot harder to get great work done. If someone can simultaneously (a) crush your ego while (b) implicitly telling you that you are, in spite of your errors, capable of great work... well, some great things can happen. It no longer becomes an issue about impressing someone (Jobs was notoriously difficult to please) -- it instead becomes a matter of producing excellent work.

But what do I know. I have several friends that worked for jobs directly. And he could in fact be a jerk. I have heard him privately described as needing to piss on things. But as a friend of mine said -- "he almost always was right."

Incidentally, this position I am taking is to some degree a somewhat Zen / Tibetan Buddhist position. That is, that dissolution of the ego is the most important thing for our well-being. And that teachers, but also anyone, really, that challenges us could actually -- if seen from a pretty advanced perspective -- be seen to help us wake up. To quote a zen master, Torei Enji:

"If by any chance such a person should turn against us,
become a sworn enemy and abuse and persecute us,
we should sincerely bow down with humble language, in reverent belief that he or she is the merciful avatar of Buddha,
who uses devices to emancipate us from sinful karma
that has been produced and accumulated upon ourselves
by our own egoistic delusion and attachment
through countless cycles of kalpas."

This is not to say that Jobs was a "Buddha"... but that, perhaps, anyone who challenges us in a tremendous way... may be in a way helping direct us to waking up, being our best "self."
> Really? People are going to complain because a licence is too free? ...

Software licenses exist to balance the compromise between "user freedom" and "vendor freedom".
In this context, speaking about "freedom" in general ('too free') doesn't make too much sense.

A definition of "free" only meaning "no contractual restrictions" is an overly simplified one, which doesn't recognize the existence of the compromise.

BTW, this distinction is by no means specific to software - think "employer's freedom" vs "employee's freedom".
Yeah, some are harder than others but I can't think of a CEO job that isn't hard. It's always fraught with political risk, changing times, etc. etc.. From the 'inside' we might think it looks easy, we get a paycheque, it's all hunky-dory ... but from that top spot it's almost always hard.
This is regulated in the US. You're not allowed to spam calls nor fraudulently impersonate someone's bank, the IRS, a healthcare provider, a collections agency, etc. There are dedicated lines for reporting these types of calls to the FTC, a nation Do Not Call registry.

I can't speak to the manpower dedicated to nor the pursuit of these reports by the FTC, but this is definitely a regulated issue.
They wasted about 25 cents, or the cost to print up the computer-generated notice and send it out.

A notice is not an audit. If you're being audited, you'll know. The IRS examiner auditing you will make sure you know who he/she is, and they will be your primary contact with the agency for several months.
cool! dont bother reading the negative crap, it's pervasive and people get addicted to it. just keep your eyes tuned for solutions and more will appear.

check out http://www.airminers.org/explore for some solutions, mining carbon from the air
Voted more often than they used to, which was once every fifteen years.
This is common in Japan. When someone moves into a neighborhood (actually prior to living there) they go around and introduce themselves to all the neighbors. Granted we don’t go guns blazing on any stranger at our door, but maybe there is a lesson there?
When you get a scam call, you know that somewhere there is a company that got paid for that call, because telcos -- even and really especially scummy shady scam-enabling telcos -- don't offer access to their network for free out of the goodness of their hearts.

Turning those companies into smoking holes in the ground doesn't require anyone to upgrade their equipment. All it takes is willingness on the part of lawmakers and regulators to track them down and make them regret their business practices.
Wouldn't it already be annihilated by photons from the sun?
Kinda wondering why the geniuses who surround him haven’t just made endless tapes of interesting discussions and then had him ghost-written up
If the police are going to break down your door

But I don't, in general, want the police to break down my door at all since they are almost certainly at the wrong address. And there's a pretty good chance that they'll shoot my dog (who will be barking menacingly from the stairs) even if they don't shoot me.
John Hennessy and David Patterson Turing Award Lectures (2018) [video]
Making patents even slower to approve, and even more big-corp-only focused.

You win some, you lose some. I'm not even sure which I'd prefer. It's all just fairly terrible.
Yes, we have basic editor/IDE plugins that let you (1) open up Sourcegraph to the current document's file/line and (2) search. Sourcegraph for Atom is in prelrease at https://github.com/sourcegraph/sourcegraph-atom. Other editors are at https://about.sourcegraph.com/docs/integrations/.

What features (other features, if any) are you specifically interested in? It would be awesome if you posted feature request issues on the open-source repos for sourcegraph/sourcegraph or for the editor plugins!
I’m sure that’s true somewhere like NYC, and maybe it’s even true in Seattle, but it appears to be distinctly less true in smaller towns. In small town America it’s literally just the same cops playing army dress up.
Not so fast. The same clause also does not cover a lot of things. And ISPs are very much the perfect example of truly local things. And those are not covered.

But we shall see what the courts find.
Flow offers a more sophisticated type system that is designed to express types that correspond with the sort of idioms you see in JavaScript in the wild. TypeScript is simpler and less flexible, but that simplicity can translate into increased productivity since there are less foot-guns and also less bugs. Strange/buggy behavior and odd performances issues are not totally uncommon with Flow whereas TypeScript doesn't seem to suffer from this as much. Since TypeScript is much more popular, IDE support tends to be a lot better out of the box, but the flow-langauge-server gives you all the same IDE-like features (intelligent autocomplete, jump-to-def, module resolution etc).

Personally, I like Flow more, and I also think its easier to integrate into an existing codebase (either as comment annotations or gradually via per-file flow comment header), but at the end of the day, not choosing TypeScript amounts to swimming against the current without much justification.
Bare Metal resources (for RPi)
nit: I believe it's _Lynnwood_, Washington.

Lynwood seems to be more commonly known as the city in Los Angeles County, or Weird Al's _Straight_ _Outta_ _Lynwood_.
When I worked as a consultant for Apple Retail Software Engineering, we did have huge clusters of machines running VMware — on the biggest, beefiest, Xserve hardware that could be bought. Maxed out on RAM, CPU, and everything else that could be crammed into those boxes.

I was told that the entire final run of hardware was reserved for Apple internal use.

Our Jenkins CI/CD server was just a VM on the cluster, and ran Xcode to do the iOS and MacOS X builds on one set of slaves, and the Linux back-end server software on another slave.

Dunno what they’ve got now.
From who, those who do steal? What is tax fraud if it's not stealing?

Why are crimes for some people not crimes while crimes for others punished so harshly? How is that not unfair already?
People with skills often want to use those skills. Train someone to break down doors, and they will want to break down doors.

(Can also be seen in tech: send someone to a training class on your fancy networking gear, and they will immediately starts fiddling with it. Things are sure to go south.)
You should expect to feel less safe when a police force has them: those vehicles and weapons are designed to protect the user at the possible expense of the life of literally everybody else
I was audited for a mistake in the $1,000 range. I had forgotten to report one of the many 1099 forms I received one year. It seems like the IRS has systems in place to detect this kind of mistake. I paid the ~$300 I owed and went on my way.
A better version...

Common excuses people give when introducing security vulnerabilities are, “but the new way is faster” or “the new way is more clever”. We don’t care. No security vulnerabilities are allowed, regardless of the reason. There is no justification for security vulnerabilities. None.

I love that “correct” is a “justification” in the original. I would be embarrassed to be associated with such a juvenile page. Move fast with broken things...
Thanks for the pointer to Feferman's (very interesting) article. As for Godel, my university's library turns out to have a set of the Collected Works. So, I'll just check that out. Thanks!
Ten years before that, Monty Python put out a record[1] with two concentric grooves - this meant that depending on where the needle landed you’d hear two entirely different albums.

[1]: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Monty_Python_Matching_Ti...
> does it have any reality?
No.

The author also predicts :
a 50% decline in house prices

Which is just absurd, I assume they have been saying something similar since the year 2000.

I don't understand all these articles about house prices, all saying the same thing for year on year. And being plainly wrong.

There is a lot of rich people out there, and they buy houses.
I remember buying games in the 80ies and 90ies, I’d go to a supermarket and rummage through a mixed box with literal hundreds of different $5 games and pick the one that looked the most exciting.

The biggest treasure I found that way was the original x-com.

I don’t think times have changed that much. The upcoming game I’m most excited by is it lurks below, and that’s being developed by a single developer. Stardew Valley released in 2016, after the explosion. Into the breach, though not single developer did well in 2018.

I mean, it’s not uncommon for solo-small teams to top the steam charts, but you really do need both quality and a little luck. I just don’t think that’s different from how it’s always been, and I think the author of this article in particular lacks quality.

What has changed though is the amount of games people own. In the 90ies you didn’t have a backlog of thousands of games that you picked up from a humble bundle where you only really wanted one game. You also didn’t have MMOs or forthnite competing for your attention.

So I agree with you somewhat, it’s become much harder to sell bad-mediocre games in the past few years, and that’s 99% of indie games. And there is obviously always a market for remakes when a new platform/generation arrives.
I just signed up for the IRS website and their password requirements are:

> Password Rules:

> 1) At least 8 characters long.

> 2) Must contain at least one numeric and one special character (!@#$%&). (and asterisks, which is ruining formatting here)

> 3) At least one uppercase and at least one lowercase letter.

My standard password pattern* has a different special character in it, so now I'm locked out for 24 hours because I can't remember what substitution/alteration I made! It kills me when "password requirements" purportedly for security are more restrictive on one site than the majority of others. I also infer the sites are rarely updated.

*I'm implementing Dashlane at work. To date, having a unique password for every site/service has felt secure.
Ask HN: Learn OS fundamentals
What is the best way to learn the fundamentals of operating systems, with a focus on UNIX/Linux? I am a recent graduate in mathematics and I've taken basic CS courses but stopped short of taking OS/Compilers.

Not looking for a 600+ page tome, a book in the 200-300 page range or a lecture series would be optimal.
They said that about Australia 15 years ago and the heat in the market is only just coming off.

Housing prices aren't just going up in San Francisco. It's the entire Bay Area. In the last collapse, houses in "good" locations didn't lose any value. There was a pause for a couple of years (or in cities like Palo Alto, none at all) and then they started going back up again. Other cities, e.g. Alameda (http://rereport.com/alc/charts/a_all_sfr.png), suffered losses of over 50%.

I expect to see something similar if there is a collapse of the overall bubble, but there will still be extremely expensive housing. We've been through it all before. https://www.nytimes.com/1990/08/29/business/california-sees-...

edit: also I said they're not "universally" destructive, which I stand by, so long as some affordable housing options remain.
http://dweb.archive.org -- previously: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=17685682
How about sales. The online forums are full of people who have just receive their cars.

What about all the deliveries done on the weekend?

I think someone is leaving out some facts.
China Censors Bad Economic News Amid Signs of Slower Growth
How about his neighbours come meet him, and make friends with him?
Yes. Unless your ideological commitments lead you to an opposite conclusion.
I'm impressed that the random engineer was willing to put up $6k of his own money to challenge the patent, despite not benefiting from the decision in any way.
A digital library sort of implies centralizing? I think this thread explores how you can contribute to decentralization of the hosted content:

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=17685682
The US actually has a bit of the opposite culture, in the old 'burbs. The neighbours come along to meet/greet the new family, usually with some treats.
I'll recommend two books. I don't know if these are the "best" books on the subject, but I found them useful for some system-level experiments I did on an Odroid. They explain both the big picture and implementation details:

1) Professional Embedded ARM Development, by Langbridge [1]

This one is more about ARM instructions than about bootloaders or embedded OSes, but it does cover bootloaders in detail with case studies of some relatively unknown embedded boards, of the well-known Raspberry Pi, and of modern bootloader software like u-boot.

2) Building Embedded Systems, by Gu [2]

This book is broader than the one above, covering all kinds of embedded systems. It's the better book to understand the big picture, and understand how all the components (bootloader, OS, SoC, hardware buses, storage) interact. It does cover bootloaders but not in depth and not with case studies.

[1]: https://www.amazon.com/Professional-Embedded-Development-Jam...

[2]: https://www.amazon.com/Building-Embedded-Systems-Programmabl...
This is the repo Mitra has been working on for this: https://github.com/internetarchive/dweb-mirror
Does PEAP work as well?
165 actions 1975 seconds. Probably have better things to do with my time. Quack!