skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
> Once again with the speeding fine it seems oppressive for the same 'crime' to charge someone $100k because they have income or assets and have that money to pay.

Of course it is, and that's by design. The fine is supposed to be punitive, to act as a deterrent. Punishing someone is oppressing them like by definition.

The flat fee system, conversely, is just setting a price sticker on violating the law. It's literally saying, "you can do this if you're rich enough".

The proportional fine system has its issues, but between the two, I think it's a no-brainer.
> w -> ¬w'

That doesn't work, because I can say something like "John dreamt he found a unicorn" which involves two different worlds (say, w & w'). Or, to make it more parallel, "John dreamt he wasn't dreaming". Which are both perfectly reasonable sentences and have perfectly reasonable predicate logic translations.
You don’t are not limited to typing on the e-Ink it can be used for to display documents, to take handwritten notes etc.
I understand the concern but it assumes that open-source contributions are a zero-sum game, which I don't think they are. New languages often encourage users to become contributors where they might have remained users in the old language [citation needed]
That rings true. At one point I came to the conclusion that high attrition rates are first and for most an indication for lacking training / teaching quality and not difficulty of the course or trainjng program. As one (former?) Pararescue instructor stated, 30% always drop out, 10% always pass and the rest is up to the instructor (unfortunately I lost the source for that...).
The fact is that it takes effort to launch a new programming language beyond just writing some code and the long term commitment should be there if you are going to let other people run their production systems on what you throw into the world.

From my admittedly limited knowledge JavaScript seems to contradict this claim.

I don't agree with the article either, one could make the same argument for every piece of new code written.
Here is the actual text of GDPR (there are many sites, hosted at .eu domains, that claim to tell you what the legislation says, but why not read the published law? (I chose English as HN is an English-language site): https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=celex:32... )

My read is that the text of the law doesn't apply to people acting on behalf of a corporation, in their corporate persona (but this is why I linked to the text itself and not someone else's interpretation. It's not that long).

The law talks about identifying a person in their personal sphere (doesn't apply to being in your home; talks about ties to fundamental human rights, genetic and health info, etc) or things like credit approval, and many many many exceptions for "national security" an "legal" uses. It clearly does apply to what your employer knows about you!

Normally I hate these kind of hair-splitting "gotcha" cases I write up below, so I feel weird typing them. But the economic value is so high and frankly some of the the use, and abuse, cases so clear, I wonder. It's still early days for GDPR so these questions are, at the moment, rhetorical.

Here's an example: part (26) says, "The principles of data protection should apply to any information concerning an identified or identifiable natural person." But if I call a company the telephone receptionist will answer and I will know I can reach them by calling that number. If they have three I know I can reach the one I want to by calling repeatedly. Yet you don't want to prevent publication of company phone numbers (and what about suppressing them until the receptionist leaves -- that leaks personal info too). (the section is actually about pseudonymisation BTW).

Likewise per your example of IP addresses (in 30) If a company uses NAT then the company's IP address does not identify any single person, though it could be presumed to identify a particular subset. (adding IP address to other info could ID one person, and that is covered in 30)
I would argue that "position" and "linear momentum" are more properties of one's particular choice of inertial reference frame than properties of the black hole itself specifically. And yes, angular momentum has three scalar components, but it's also one single vector. "Mass, charge, and angular momentum" makes three properties.

>at timescales less than light-crossing there can be substantial additional hair.

Ahh, thank you - that clears up some misconceptions of mine that have always confused me, like "Wait, so if black holes have no hair, how can they wobble and ring-down and produce gravitational waves after a black hole merger?"
Learning to write raymarchers on shadertoy.com! It's a wonderful platform for gpu programming because you'll spend 100% of your time writing gpu code and 0% on installation, drivers, and build systems.
Every time the Comcast cable box starts glitching out and dropping frames again, a chorus of "The Ruskies are hacking us again" flares up in my fiance's family's living room. It's become a great joke.
Good point. I've not tried compressing them personally, but people have indeed mentioned the 500k-after-compression thing before.
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A way to develop software with Nix
NYC suffers from two distinct factors that have allowed it to sustain such a long boom in real estate prices.

As a global financial and cultural center, it has enduring appeal for outsiders and foreigners to buy housing. Very few cities have this. And since these outsiders tend to pay cash, they're hard to outbid. This can distort the market a lot, because wealthy people get pushed down into upper middle class housing, upper middle class people get pushed down into middle class housing, and the shit rolls downhill until the poor can't afford to live anywhere.

The other thing is that New York had really bad lows in the housing market in the 70s, to the point where people were burning down buildings because the insurance money was worth more than the property value. It's hard to go anywhere from there except up.
I am sure the judge will understand it then.
How a Ugandan prince and a crypto startup are planning an African revolution
> Being good at writing helps me transmit knowledge and instructions across time and space to other people, helping them understand faster and better. It also saves me time; I work with people who genuinely struggle to express precise technical information through the written word, spending large amounts of time producing text that really isn't adequate. Often they write as if they're speaking, which just doesn't work.

I'm very familiar with this situation. Since an ever increasing amount of important communication is handled in written form, via mail, slack, in todo lists and project management tools, I noticed how many smart people reduce their writing to several loose thoughts, if not barely connected nouns, that hardly count as sentences, resemble spoken language and almost always require additional discussion and questions to understand the actual meaning.

I think to many people it just feels too cumbersome to write and explain in detail. However the time saved during writing is, of course, lost when the almost inevitable clarifying discussion afterwards is due.

Writing and reading is critical. Take your time to do it well.
I don’t think it is so much a matter of the defendant’s regard to the law, but whether above a certain threshold of power, the opposing force is still of the domain of common law. You won’t conduct a civil war with judges and policemen. If a drug cartel has become so powerful that you end up having to take extreme measures just to do a trial, I think asking wether this becomes the realm of the military is a fair question.
There is caching CPU implementation that is very fast and it is not trivial to implement on GPU https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hashlife

Naive implementation should be good problem for start.
The kind of "bad economic news" censored:

TABLE-China bond defaults rise over 56 pct from 2017 at $8.74 bln

https://www.reuters.com/article/china-economy-defaults/table...
Solvers for linear and differential equations are very interesting. Look at geometric multigrid or asymmetric grid solvers.

Graph processing, sorting and histograms can also be very interesting.

Ray Tracing is also a classic application.
Even the very concept of ownership is merely a "service" provided by the state. Stop using that and you don't have to pay taxes anymore. It works!
Links to drafts?
Here were the changes to get typescript working with an existing node.js codebase (babel 7)

package.json (scripts)

BABEL_ENV=development babel -d build/ src/ --extensions \".ts,.tsx,.js\" --quiet --source-maps inline

package.json (add property)

"type-check": "tsc",

package.json (dev depenencies)

@babel/preset-typescript, typescript

babelrc (add with env)

presets: ["@babel/typescript"]

tsconfig (example)

{
"compilerOptions": {
"target": "esnext",
"module": "commonjs",
"declaration": true,
"outDir": "build",
"strict": true,
"allowSyntheticDefaultImports": true,
"esModuleInterop": true,
"skipLibCheck": true
}
}
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I believe the author is referring to high inflation as measured by things that reserve banks look at (in Australia this would be the consumer price index etc); while house prices either stay stagnant or rise slower than said rate of inflation.

Thus, the nominal price of housing is maintained, while the real value tanks.

How this might happened is something I do not have the economics to know - as you mentioned, an increase in the supply of money would probably simply flood into the existing housing market, overheating it further. Arguably, that's what's happened in Australia post 2008 and the US pre-2008.
Pastoralism may have delayed the end of the green Sahara
well, not the evidence they are frequently exposed to.

but of course there are many other factors. I already talked about the problem with more technical arguments, but nowadays in many cases we have this aversion to science and mistrust for anything that might come from it. also, many people are mostly exposed to what they think and feel, because when someone else tells them something they don't believe in, they don't hear that, they just repeat their own discourse again for themselves. so they are exposed to that. and in case it was a bit confusing, I didn't say that "people will always change their minds [...]", there are a lot of factors. but that we can very easily doubt ourselves when information comes predominantly from only one direction? for sure. and that direction doesn't necessarily need to be "science" or "media". we are just bad at detecting where the relevant information comes from for a person.
OK, I’m not an iOS developer. Can anyone explain what this means?
Not unusual for business people or anyone to have varied income from year to year but also that does not relate to actual assets or (the original point 'net worth' which is ironically a better measure of what you can pay (assumes liquid of course..)) Also what about someone with an inheritance or trust money?

The tax people already have methods for dealing with all those scenarios for tax purposes, so it's essentially a solved problem.

Once again with the speeding fine it seems oppressive for the same 'crime' to charge someone $100k because they have income or assets and have that money to pay.

At least the way it works in Sweden, many fines are defined essentially in days wages and not in money. So the judge doesn't sentence you to pay $100k, they sentence you to pay 45 days wages[0] and the judge neither knows nor cares what that works out to be in actual money. So as such the fines are exactly the same for everybody.

[0] The actual formula is slightly more complicated that literally your daily wage.
Comments like this can really spoil discussion threads. There's nothing for anyone to learn here, it just panders to people's pre-established positions.

Whether or not his cancer was so easily treatable (experts have written articles disputing this), "arrogance and stupidity" is a rough thing to say about someone facing a life-threatening diagnosis, dealing with all the fear and uncertainty that goes with that, and having to make a call on how best to confront it.

The paternity thing was of course a black mark on his legacy, but he was young, and we just don't know what kind of fears and unresolved issues might have been influencing his behaviour at that stage. Whatever the case, it's irrelevant to the topic at hand.

The whole point of this discussion topic is to take a nuanced view of Jobs' conduct in a particular context. It could do without rage-bait comments like this.
that does my head in. I have so many videos on most of my playlists that im hardly ever able to guess what the missing video was.
How quality is measured? I never saw any quality estimations in software, e.g. when I'm exporting JPEG image, I'd like to have some kind of result quality estimation, it might be hard to judge it yourself.
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The money has come, both directly and indirectly, from global capital markets. Countries like China, Russia, Germany, and Japan save a lot of money, and would like to put it somewhere where it'll be a productive investment earning interest. If Canadian property looks attractive for that purpose, some of that money will head in that direction.
Data protection we do need indeed, but the EU is the last entity I want to be emulating on internet laws, except maybe China.
An analysis of all known decentralized exchanges
I generally find that people are no more precise in their verbal language than their written, if you actively listen and don't just let the word-salad wash over you. Very few people can achieve much information density, in any medium, but at least when written down the information is persistent.
Why is that even the right direction of the axis? Couldn't you argue that the less energy you need for all your species' activities the better, if all else is equal?
If the US patent office did their job, then there would be no need for "vigilante" engineers.

Maybe the reporting of the patent situation is a bit biased but from what I've heard over the years it appears to me that every second patent should be invalid and has prior art.
Housing markets are only overheated if supply is not keeping up. There are scenarios where an overheated market leads to oversupply of housing; but there is a few years' lag between investing in construction and the units coming online due to the time it takes to finance and construct housing.
Core Data is an object persistence framework for iOS that essentially wraps around SQL. It looks like it’s losing data when the external storage option is enabled.
I wouldn't be surprised to read this kind of news about some of the Eastern Europe countries in the future.
May I suggest "My Years with General Motors" by Alfred Sloan
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Core Data is an object graph and persistence framework [1]

On iOS 12, binary data stored in Core Data with the External Storage option gets corrupted on every second save [2]

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Core_Data

[2] http://openradar.appspot.com/44884416
Youtube will transcode your H.264 anyway, AFAIK there's no way to prevent that. Hopefully it also saves original file, so VP9 won't be of worse quality.
Also, it's not like other people in the cartel are incapable of taking initiative to support their boss...
They'll diverge as the gun heats up and the inner bores stay hotter than the outer ones. Both short term as you use the gun and the barrel warms up, and long term, when the bores wear differently for the same reason.
We (I work at Sourcegraph) actually started off with a similar model to kythe: https://srclib.org/ This project existed before kythe was published, but was based on the ideas talked about pre-dating kythe. If I remember correctly Steve Yegge had some blogpost about solving the MxN problem, which turned into him doing grok at Google.

We ended up switching away from that model for a few reasons:

- At the time it was very costly to essentially index the whole OSS world, when most commit indexes would never be read.

- It was slow to index a codebase for a commit, and most of the work was wasted since a developer would often only look at a handful of files.

- Getting incremental indexing working usually required pretty deep integration into the build tool, so was a lot of work per language which didn't scale.

- A lot of tools using an "indexed" model end up only indexing the master/trunk branch, and you don't get your code intelligence features for PRs/etc.

At some point LSP came onto the scene. We were early adopters making a bet that this would take off. It has, and the list of community created LSP servers is large: https://langserver.org/ It also allowed us to switch from an upfront indexing model, to a model which just encodes user intent. So the underlying LSP server can be as lazy as it wants to be with respect to how it responds to the user == increased perf and reduced resources.

Things like cross-repo references doesn't come with LSP. Many LSP servers assume the user sets the build up correctly. There are also quite a few more assumptions LSP authors make which don't easily translate into an automated server environment. So we have done quite a bit of work to smooth that over / contributed some LSP servers for popular languages.

Seems like you are digging in so you might have more questions. I'll try keep track of this thread, but also feel free to email me keegan at sourcegraph.com or file issues/questions on our repo.
The proof of the incompleteness theorem only shows you that recursively-enumerable arithmetic systems are always missing something, because the construction always holds. It doesn't make any grand statements about the structure or nature of things that are true and without proof.

The second incompleteness theorem gives an example of something undecidable that's probably more interesting that the uselessly paradoxical statement in the first: it says that no system can consistently prove its own consistency.
> the long term commitment should be there if you are going to let other people run their production systems on what you throw into the world

If you adopted a language that is not mature for production, then you knew the risk when you made that choice.

Innovation in PL happens with these small languages, and it's a good thing.
BrainGate
I can not really give you an intuitive explanation, but economists usually refer to bubbles (or disequilibrium), when actual asset prices deviate from the prices estimated based on the identified long term equilibrium properties of often co-integrated variables.

To identify such models, VAR and SVAR (Structural Vector Autoregressive) analysis are often used, where up to 15-20 time series fed into. Such approaches of course come with their sets of necessary assumptions, but wich are in the case of VAR in levels quite reasonable...

Basically the assumption behind such kind of analysis is, that in the long run, there is some kind of equilibrium path were forces of nature/system are pushing towards to, but to identify disequilibria, you need to look at the whole system and not only 1 or two (as a ratio) variables.

An interesting application about identifying "bubbles" in housing prices with VAR you can find here [1].

[1] https://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&pid=sites&srcid=ZGVmYXVsd...
The Myth of the Infrastructure Phase
if a dedicated civil engineer can pick up some law books and make it seem he was some high powered lawyer team,

can a dedicated lawyer pick up some engineering books and build a bridge that can survive SF's 'Big One'?
It is not just creating a new language. In a company environment you see a huge cost when people want to start using a new language or/and framework.

It comes down to values and what push people forward.

I am not saying one language should be enough. I am saying that for example that even for a company that already has a library of more than a few components built in React a a medium codebase using it, starting using Vue will add a quite large cost. Even if a framework is 20% better in some metrics, having to rewrite some reusable components (assuming they were written well) in another framework is going to sunk a bunch of time. There is a learning curve that people need to go through. Hardly the first time you use a framework, you end up writing the most awesome code in that framework. There are bugs, there may not be a lot of documentation or open source libraries. From an engineering prospective is going to be fun and you are going to learn something new but from a business prospective it is rarely a good decision.

Same thing is probably true when teams in company with a large Java codebase want to switch to Scala.

On the other end when you have a 10x better framework or technology you are better paying attention and make sure you plan a transition sooner than later. For example, I think GraphQl is a order of magnitude better than REST when you consider a whole end-to-end system.

Engineers, especially the smart ones, get bored quickly. Inventing a new largely adopted language or framework is an irresistible calling from inside. Exploring new territories is also another source of growth. It is all about values and the way we go about satisfying them.
That's a common technique in math proofs, to disprove a statement by providing a counterexample. But there probably are improvable statements that are not self-referential, e.g. certain statements about infinite sets.

But the grander point, that Hofstadter pushes a lot in GEB, is that any sufficiently powerful symbolic system will be able to self-reference. For example, consider a programming language that is not Turing complete. You will basically need to disallow loops, because with those you can implement a virtual machine to break all your self-reference-banning rules.