skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Nested functions in Python are "full closures" in every sense I understand it. Is there something in missing?

They can read the value of local variables (including arguments) in the parent function, and write to them (using the "nonlocal" statement). If one nested function assigns a new value to a captured variable then, of course, this change is seen by all other nested functions and the enclosing function. Most importantly, if the lifetime of the nested function object is longer than the runtime of the enclosing function (most commonly because you return the nested function object from the enclosing function) then the lifetime of the enclosing function's local variables is extended appropriately.

This applies to both nested functions defined using a "def" statement and nested functions defined using a "lambda" expression (except you can't assign to variables in a lambda expression). I say this because you don't say what you mean by "they", and it's a common misconception that only lambda expressions capture enclosing variables.

The only disadvantage of this is that, because name lookup is done at execution time rather than parsing time, all the enclosing variables must be captured and their lifetimes extended even if the nested function doesn't use any of them. In this sense, nested functions are too closurey in Python! This is not really so bad because if you don't need variable capture then you should simply not be using a nested function in the first place; this is best anyway because it means you are sharing one function object between different uses.
Show HN: Use Yubikeys as MFA Source for AWS API Operations
That’s correct. There’s a difference between “often” and “always”. There are also several people posting in this thread who had their appendicitis successfully treated with antibiotics.
If that were the case then there would be no need to raise taxes compulsorily, would there?
OTP allows for work to be distributed across cores and get a speedup in some way proportional to that. It wouldn't be a fair comparison though, exactly like memoisation or constexpr.

It's also an option that isn't unique to Elixir. Go is the obvious other candidate where the programming language helps, but all of the languages have support for parallelism.
Manga comics turn gray – but spirited – along with readers
Inflation is not calculated the way you think it is calculated.
This sounds great but i’m surprised more people aren’t recommending AWS as a modern “upsell free” alternative? Their prices are good, can be secured with TFA, solid APIs, etc. That specific part of the management console isn’t amazing but it’s powerful and if you’re using it a lot you should probably automate, right?
Does Shopify Require UPC Codes?
That's a very good description of postmodernism, isn't it?
Any further reading you'd recommend beyond Wikipedia?
I expected this to be about World Of Warcraft Vanilla ... I probably need to get a life :-)
The NYT covered this topic in late August 2018: https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2018/08/30/world/africa/...
Profitability goes up, because more fee paying transactions can go into the chain. Meanwhile back on the broken BTC chain, every time it's been operating as designed it's lost 20% of market dominance per month.

There's no mystery about it, BTC is a failure, BCH is the only way the original Bitcoin will ever work, if it will ever work.
Why do you say for SpaceX's sake? Would it not be great news for SpaceX that their CEO would be forced out of the other companies he's running, and thus almost has to focus most of his time on SpaceX?
Especially when stupid is an observable attribute in the industry.

Time and time again the technology industry has failed to consider security as a serious issue, never mind develop systems that are robust and transparent.

We don't have botnets, booby-trapped mail attachments, script-hackable servers, USB drives that can carry a viral payload, and all the rest because users are stupid, but because the industry's default culture is to think of security as an esoteric side issue, and not a non-negotiable critical feature in all IT systems.
The EU has recently gone in the opposite direction by centrally banning such surcharges: https://www.moneysavingexpert.com/news/2018/01/cards-fees-to... ; https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-40655333

This really does feel like a hidden subsidy to cards, presumably with the aim of moving towards full cashless operation. Norway is almost there already.
The thing keeping me from switching away from Gmail is the lack of IMAP IDLE on iOS. I can’t believe Apple still refuses to implement it in 2018...

I see a FastMail app on the App Store but from the screenshots it looks pretty bad (is it just a web view?)
I find that the easiest explanation is the God complex that has brought down many men before Musk and will bring down many more after him.
Because porting genetic modifications between species is really hard even if you intentionally try.
Different beast altogether, nano is dpos, not proof of work. The consensus mechanism and assurances are very different from something like BCH.
It's not great.

Some areas of IT are in guarded rooms, with walls of a certain thickness, filtered power, external RF signals killed, and airgapped except for specific patterns for transfering between external systems.

You probably just want to buy a yubikey and accept a lot of computing is built on a house of cards with respects to trust.

https://www.ece.cmu.edu/~ganger/712.fall02/papers/p761-thomp...
Jira now has a “simplified” workflow with no restrictions that’s automatically applied to new kanban projects. And their kanban boards are excellent, with swim lanes and soft column limits. Plus you can search the issue database like a real database, which IMO is their killer feature.
The X.500 series Common Name is a weird thing to fixate on here. It's an arbitrary free text "name". The only reason it's even sometimes useful in the modern era is that the CAB BRs say it has to match one of the SANs so it will probably be a DNS name. But even there good luck, it took until 2016 or so to get the last stragglers to obey that rule properly without "misunderstanding" it and unlike SANs it isn't defined to be DNS A-labels so it may have arbitrary Unicode text.

Most browsers stopped even looking at CN or only do so for people's crappy home grown private CAs

Anyway, what makes certs trustworthy isn't the CN, it's a chain of two or more digital signatures leading to a trusted root. And the CN in that root, while it had to be truthful when written, may be twenty years old, so it's nonsense now.
Scam viral video exposed using Science (Mark Rober YouTube video)
I'm guessing they either left or are millionaires many times over by now and don't surf HN
I volunteered for Tompkins in '94 (?) when I was in university and had a 3 month block to donate to his efforts. He had a friend and I help him survey a portion of land that he ended up purchasing. I never went back to see the land or him before he passed. I do want to go back though.
I think there will be two things. One is economics, fetching asteroids could be very big business, and the other is political, space will be viewed as freedom of a sort, given the kind of restrictions that may be in place on Earth by then, with the climate transforming alongside having a lot more people than we do today, even if growth slows down, which is far from certain. We could easily be in the age of what Bruce Sterling refers to as the Khaki Greens, aka, militarised enforcement of ecological protection.
Tech Firms Face Bias Accusations at Congressional Hearing
Then the bondowners end up restructuring and owning a valuable company.
Not wanting to make this political, but one could say the same about the current US president. Based on his social media output it seemed he was downright batshit insane when he got elected (some might say even still, although he seems to have calmed down a bit). He seems to be achieving things though and we didn't end up with WW3 as a lot of people predicted.

Perhaps the world needs these crazy people occasionally to come in and stir up the pot?

(Don't get me wrong, I'm not a fan of the guy and not being from the US my opinion doesn't really matter, but thought I'd give me $0.02 so to speak)
> When you purchase a domain name through Njalla, we own it for you.

What? I was under the impression that this practice, although common in the past (especially with dodgy registrars), wasn’t even allowed anymore? I’m pretty sure that at least some TLD registries (like IIS for .se and .nu domains) disallow this practice completely, for good reasons.
Elon Musk Wanted to Impress Girlfriend with $420 Price, SEC says
Spectrasonics Omnisphere 2.5.0d Patch Library v2.5.0c [WiN MacOS X]
Blogging about Midori (2015)
I like Apple too - writing this on a 2013 rMBP. Works flawlessly (touch wood).

But the new Pro series is just not pro enough for me. Why the hell should I buy a dongle for everything? It's supposed to be pro - you shouldn't have to basically carry a whole bunch of dongles to get stuff done. I don't know, maybe I am technophobe, but sometimes taking away the stuff which works and useful to shave a mm in height is just stupid from my perspective. If I want a super light laptop without the need for ports etc. I would go for an Air.

Dunno what's going to happen but will stick to my 2013 till it literally won't work anymore.

/end of rant
I'm British so I also take offense to this (how very dare you!) but I'm assuming this was written from a US-centric point of view. The Elise and Exige may have been fairly common this side of the pond but I get the impression they're very rare outside of the UK.
When they email you a second and third time about the position that you deliberately ignored because it was such an obvious poor fit that you’d have reported it to LinkedIn as spam if there were a way to do so.
GitHub-stats.js
A super light-weight (3.56 KB) JavaScript library allowing you to embed Github contribution anywhere you want!!!
"as low as" 50%. NantEnergy ought to provide numbers but they're not turning up readily in searches.
Forget Google Assistant SDK. It Is Now SiriControl :)
How likely is it this could turn into a children of men situation if the delivery method becomes trivial?
Apparently api access tokens also got invalidated

https://www.facebook.com/743954361/posts/10156684885489362/
Might help to remember that random DNA changes occur every single time sexual reproduction occurs, so trillions of times a day (across all animals). The gene drive is a way of selection and replication, don't think it causes something to occur that did not already have a non-zero chance of happening.
Source pls?
For the needs you describe (ledger of inter-bank transfers) we already have established solutions (all the large RTGS, real time gross settlement systems around the world) and it's not clear what advantages, if any, Bitcoin has over them. Cryptocurrencies have certain advantages in certain (niche?) use cases of end-users; however, if anyone is building a Visa-like product on top of something, it won't be any advantage for your users if it's on top of Bitcoin and you might as well go with the other RTGS systems that (among other things) make you less exposed to various risks.
How Rimac bootstrapped his car company [video]
I would let your manager know your concerns and ask for permission to either pick bugs out of the issue tracker or request some from whoever your project manager is. Fixing a few bugs will help you get settled into both the codebase and the team’s workflows, and hopefully keep you busy and feeling productive.
I wonder what will happen in Canada once October 17th, the legalization date comes.
During the my last technical interview, they asked my to write a fibonacci implementation in golang, i wrote the code, then they asked me to test it for like fb(180), i was surprised how slow it, then i was asked to come up with an optimisation in order to make it fast,
i come exactly with same fib-mem.go provided in this benchmark,
i was hired !
Datomic can be run on top of SQL, which is kind of ironic I guess. relational algebra => implemented incompletely in a SQL RDBMS => with an /actual/ logic programming language thrown on top of THAT using a couple of tables as KV (I think that's how it works).
With the US's record on white collar crime, charging him and actually punishing him would make him the "special snowflake".
The example was indeed not playing to its strengths, it wasn't making use of tail call optimization.

I made a PR to fix that:
https://github.com/drujensen/fib/pull/33
Gene drive is more risky than regular normal mutations because the allele will be inherited by all offspring.
> TBH, it doesn't matter what the original intention was if it doesn't work.

It does work. https://i.imgur.com/II62IJV.jpg

> 2nd layer works.

No, it doesn't. https://i.imgur.com/K0hrkbR.jpg https://i.imgur.com/rYQzn8I.jpg

> Maybe so do bigger blocks, for now, but certainly at the cost of decentralization.

Wrong, BCH is more decentralised than BTC, they have entirely different consensus mechanisms, and BTC's consensus mechanism is nothing more than the opinions of six people in a political council, by contrast BCH consensus mechanism is the net total global hashing power invested within it at any given time. That same entity serves no such purpose on BTC.

And as the recent BCH stress test shows, there's no maybe about it, they work just fine even with the crippled software designed to force through the BTC agenda, and it will work as it was projected to work back in 2008 by Satoshi when the cruft to force that agenda through is removed.

> But it seems pretty clear conceptually that if you make something take up more space, fewer nodes will have the resources to operate it.

The alternative doesn't work at all without massively centralised scaling hubs, in light of that, it's frankly ridiculous to fearmonger about nodes that lack the economic incentive to remain running, when the system was designed from the start to allow users to just be users via the SPV mechanism.

> The Bitcoin whitepaper had a title of "peer to peer electronic cash", but what it actually described was a system for financial sovereignty.

If something cannot be used as a medium of exchange, it is not an effective store of value for financial sovereignty and anyone claiming otherwise is simply fooling themselves. BCH is flatly better at this than BTC.

> If you want a payment network, use paypal. Why wouldn't you use Paypal? Because it's not decentralized

Neither is BTC, both the consensus mechanism and the scaling mechanism are massively centralised. By contrast at least Paypal reliably works.

> Bigger blocks are a populist movement which disregard science as a result of a conspiracy theory

This is a flat out lie, larger blocks was the way the system was always designed to scale and the layer 2 hijacking was a later forced poison pill from Greg Maxwell, whose business model relies on the architecture he forced through. https://i.imgur.com/k77HfH8.jpg

> BCH is all politics.

Exactly the opposite of the truth, BTC is nothing but politics.
Did I just waste 3 years?
The assumption underlying your position is (being generous) that the world is full of passive MITMs who can't also take part in the conversation

When I was in college I used to teach friends the importance of encryption by just showing them a live dump of packets on the dorm's LAN. You could see everything: here are the IMs coming to you and getting your away message as a reply, there's your computer refreshing the news site you were looking at a minute ago... it opened their eyes in a big way.

Encryption -- even without checking seventeen forms of government-issued ID from the person on the other end -- does in fact stop that passive surveillance, and like it or not that's a gigantic use case.

The realistic threat model for most people in terms of active MITM is something like their ISP trying to inject ads and tracking into what they browse, or their home router getting compromised. It takes very very little in terms of identity verification to shut that down; DV certs, which you can get by the truckload, for free, from Let's Encrypt -- will handle it just fine. Which means you don't need EV for that.

As to Snowden, I'm reminded of James Mickens' famous breakdown of threat models. All the Ultra-Verified Premium Secure XP+ Guaranteed™ certificates in the world ain't gonna help if a major government decides to come for you.

EV is snake oil. It literally does not solve any realistic problem the average person has when using the internet; all it does is line the pockets of the cert vendors. DV is the absolute most you need to shut down the things you can shut down, and encryption in general -- even without verification! -- is just fine, thanks. I know I might have a secure channel to Satan. I care about the "secure" part, not the "Satan" part.

Also, as I often do when faced with a true believer, I'll ask you: how many times have you initiated an SSH session with some host for the first time and just accepted past the initial warning? If encryption without rigorous verification is "objectively worse than no encryption at all", why didn't you just telnet instead?
Ancient lowland Maya complexity as revealed by airborne laser scanning
> I write kernel mode drivers as my day job, and this is certainly the first time I've ever heard of non-swappable being called "wired".

Really ? Because it's literally called that in macOS Activity Monitor app, the term is also used in Apple's kernel documentation and API's (e.g. in the `mem_and_io_snapshot` struct defined in 'debug.h' in Kernel.framework). It's also mentioned in the Kernel Programming Guide.
Have already commented elsewhere, but keep in mind that any gene mutation that we try to enforce is already likely to have happened billions of times (DNA changes at every instance of sexual reproduction, that's why we're not clones of our parents, that's step 1 of evolution as well). If DNA changes in parasites affect hosts, then this is already going to be happening for all kinds of weird changes.
I've noticed a lot of smaller places have started accepting Amex because they use iZettle machines or similar.

It's funny that many medium-sized business will reject Amex, while a little burger stand at a farmer's market will (sometimes) accept it.

Perhaps iZettle have decided to take the hit on the Amex fees and charge a flat fee to their customers.
I'm not sure what your point is. That deficit must be paid by value-creators, not the government--the same value-creators that were taxed in the first place.
Ah, I must've misread it in the same way as the original comment. Sorry about that.
The long term trend for software prices is towards zero, I'm not sure this will have much influence on that.
Proving our universe is one among many would be a fourth Copernican revolution
It would be interesting to include skip[1] as it has language level memoization. There was a recent HN discussion about the language [2]. I do not think that the naive recursive Fibonacci is a useful benchmark in any way though, it's a way too pessimized implementation.

[1] http://www.skiplang.com/
[2] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=18077612
The EU also capped interchange fees though, in most cases at least.

I'd rather pay whatever payment fee (cash, debit, credit) the merchant sees fit. I have no problem paying a little more for my own convenience, but I'd rather not subsidize Amex and corporate cards.
Is this a plan to eliminate mosquitoes? Are there concerns about eliminating an entire tier of the food chain?

Surely this would be bad for the things that eat mosquitoes. And the things that eat those things etc.
> use TSLA as a way to personally finance a lavish lifestyle

The others I get but this seems like an odd personal attack. What CEO of a huge public company doesn't live a "lavish lifestyle"? Or is this just supposed to make us hate him more because he's rich and we're not?
I just tried your product and I absolutely love it. I like how snappy it feels and adding feeds of my own is a breeze. I also like how minimalist it is and I can just look at my feeds without some ads or content I don't care about bombarding me. With that being said, there are some things that could be done better:

1. Adding a new feed or (especially) removing a feed could be a little more intuitive. Now that I know how to use it it doesn't bother me so much.

2. An all expand in my articles would be nice.

3. if I refresh with the button in my articles everything is highlighted again.

If you don't care about doing more work in it I totally understand where you're coming from and things are fine the way they are.
Why not calculate it in constant time ?

https://artofproblemsolving.com/wiki/index.php?title=Binet%2...
Those are high normal concentrations for glyphosate in spot spraying applications, not for the much more common broadcast applications, and assume that the bees are drinking straight from the sprayer for five days in a row.
"Supporting innovation" is a low bar. It's easy to do that with lots of money, by allocating a small fraction to investment and wasting the rest.

My point is that the cost isn't justified. Your point is "something happened, therefore it's worth the cost".
I hope we’re right about mosquitoes. I recall that humans culled thousands of elephants in the past because we were convinced it would solve desertification in parts of Africa. Of course we were wrong.
It doesn't seem to be by microsoft: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paint.net
Solution to this problem already exists, it's called cryptocurrency.
Yet people still trash it
This is the number one thing that makes it difficult for me to want to switch from JavaScript to Python despite Python otherwise lining up almost perfectly with my programming/syntax preferences.

JavaScript has things like TypeScript (and Babel in general) that add features that are "missing" from the language. Is there anything similar for Python and anonymous functions?
That is not true everywhere.
twitter search: https://twitter.com/search?q=facebook%20logged%20out&src=typ...
fib(180) without caching would take billions of years to complete, so "slow" is an understatement.
Interesting. I have a Japanese keyboard that has a very short space bar. On either side of the space bar are keys dealing with Japanese input. I've mapped those to tab and I've mapped the tab key to escape. I've really grown used to it and I pretty much can't use a normal keyboard any more.
How big are you already? Growing from 3 to 13 engineers in a month is very different from growing from 100 to 110 (and even the latter would be considered hyper-growth, especially if recurring for multiple months).

The former level of growth is dangerous in many ways. It incentivizes you to hire below your standards. It completely replaces your carefully cultivated team culture with a wave of people who will form their own culture. It overwhelms your existing people with onboarding.

And then if the new clients don’t stick around in the long term you’re stuck paying salaries for a whole bunch of people you don’t have work for, or letting the lot of them go.

Classic worth reading: The Mythical Man Month.

If you’re starting with a very small team, I’d suggest hiring a couple full-timers and a couple contractors, and letting go of some of the potential clients.

Another option, if you’re doing bespoke work (you didn’t say what your company does) would be to subcontract to another agency. That gives you a lot more boots on the ground without the additional people complexity. Then, as you grow at a more reasonable rate, you can gradually bring more of that work back in house, since you generally don’t want to outsource your core competency.
Some Facebook users are randomly getting logged out
The majority of drug offenses (~55,000 of ~95,000) in Canada for 2016 were cannabis related. There must be hundreds of thousands of people living in Canada with criminal records due to marijuana prohibition. One would expect they'd wipe all of the records clean, recent or distant past.