[Note: I'm anti-Aadhaar, as documented in my profile. My comments below may sound harsh because of that. Also please note that Aadhaar is a resident number, and has nothing to do with citizenship.]

Fantastic work! One of the authors of this investigative piece, Rachna Khaira, was key in exposing a major issue with the "last mile" software and how cheaply (just Rs.500/about USD 7) and easily someone could get the Aadhaar and demographic details of almost any resident in the country who's enrolled in the system. [1] UIDAI's response for her investigation was to file an FIR (First Information Report/police complaint) against her in an attempt to put her behind bars. [2]

Activists have always argued that the lack of transparency and information could mean that there are many "ghosts" (or bogus enrollments) in the Aadhaar system (which claims that it cannot have "ghosts", ignoring technological as well as biometric limitations). Now there's no saying how many of the 1.1 billion entries in the Aadhaar system are bogus. As the article states, private agencies were used to handle the enrollment and capture of biometrics and recording of demographic information. All these agencies were paid on a per-enrollment basis. Guess what incentives they would have in a country with high levels of corruption at many levels? I'm certain that a bulk of the enrollments that have been issued Aadhaar numbers are bogus.

While activists may feel vindicated that more and more holes are being exposed in the Aadhaar system (while UIDAI continues to always remain in denial mode), it's sad that hundreds of millions of people have been left vulnerable by this poorly designed and poorly implemented system.

> B. Regunath, a software architect who led the team at Mindtree that worked on the project, said a web-based enrolment software for Aadhaar was not practical at the time because many parts of the country had very poor Internet connectivity.

> "People were cranking up generators just to light up power and do the enrolment. How can they do an online upload of those packets?" asked Regunath, who has since moved to a senior technical position at Flipkart.

What utter nonsense!!! I can't imagine someone calling themselves a software architect being so gullible and ignorant. The entire Aadhaar system is dependent on Internet access and connectivity. Post issuance, the authentication of anyone through biometrics needs real time Internet connectivity. There's no way around that (even where an OTP is generated, the initiation of the OTP sent over SMS by UIDAI has to happen by connecting to UIDAI's web based APIs). Even as recent as last year, people in some places were forced to climb trees because they couldn't get a good cellular signal and Internet connectivity. They were forced to do this because the central government pushed this system as a prerequisites for getting subsidized food (through what's called PDS or Public Distribution System). [3] UIDAI also had Windows XP as a recommended OS for these enrollment agencies. [4]

> In 2017, the UIDAI said it had blacklisted 49,000 enrolment centres for various violations.

The sheer hypocrisy and audacity of UIDAI here is that it has blacklisted all these agencies for violations without any legal action. From the time Aadhaar started in 2009/2010, this number averaged to about two agencies blacklisted every hour! But point out some security issue or a gap? You'll be facing a court case!

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This whole system has been patchworks of patchworks of patchworks, continuously in denial mode when experts ask questions on security, audit, privacy, etc. I would prefer that it be completely thrown out, like how UK did with its national ID program several years ago. India doesn't need such enemies from within that/who make it easier for hostile entities/groups to disrupt or decimate the country! UIDAI needs to be shutdown as well, since nobody in-charge of the organization has shown technical or critical thinking ability, or has had the humility to face questions without getting into continuous denial.

The verdict in the petitions against Aadhaar is pending from the Supreme Court. I hope the verdict comes to save all the residents of India, and to save the country itself.

[1]: https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/nation/rs-500-10-minutes-a...

[2]: https://www.firstpost.com/india/uidai-files-fir-against-the-...

[3]: https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/need-internet-to-b...

[4]: https://www.voltairenet.org/IMG/pdf/module3b_installation_co...