skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
"For any arbitrary paper, what is your assumption about its accuracy? How much do you rely on it? Can you put a number to it? The null hypothesis that research papers, especially in very difficult fields like social science, are near-infallible seems to be the error, AFAICT. It seems like something people outside science would assume, but I see scientists who are surprised by a 62% replication rate. I'm not surprised or concerned, but maybe I should be."

There is no such thing as "an arbitrary paper". It will depend very much on the study in question - including soft factors like who wrote it, but also the study design, sample size, if I think they approached the statistics appropriately, etc.

"Why do they call increasing the number of participants, "generous"? Doesn't that increase accuracy, and isn't accuracy the whole point of the replication study? Generosity implies some sort of favor, something above and beyond, while in this case it seems necessary based on the fact that the results changed - it would be failure of the replication study to not increase the number of participants."

The reason it might be thought of as generous is the criteria they determine for saying something is replicated is a significant effect in the same direction as the original study (for the record, I hate this criterion). A larger study is more likely to find a significant result if indeed there is one there, so they're giving studies that report an effect a very strong chance of seeing that replicated if indeed it was real.
John McCarthy has an interesting website over nuclear energy [0]. I can't vouch for how actually true it is, but it seems reasonably well argued. This was his comment over nuclear waste:

> Q. What about nuclear waste?

> A. The waste consists of the fission products. They are highly radioactive at first, but the most radioactive isotopes decay the fastest. (That's what being most radioactive amounts to). About one cubic meter of waste per year is generated by a power plant. It needs to be kept away from people. After 10 years, the fission products are 1,000 times less radioactive, and after 500 years, the fission products will be less radioactive than the uranium ore they are originally derived from. The cubic meter estimate assumes reprocessing, unfortunately not being done in the U.S.

I'd always assumed 25,000 years for it to return to normal levels.

[0]: http://www-formal.stanford.edu/jmc/progress/nuclear-faq.html
That just shows that in that particular accident scenario the situation would not arise.
It's not a concrete distance, but moreso a range. I think 7nm is the bottom of the range so the distance would be 7nm-14nm. 10nm chips have distance ranges of 10nm to 20nm.

I think at that size it is very difficult to get exacts.

Fab refers to a plant than manufactures the chips, versus designs them. I think Intel does both?
This breaks the HN guidelines by being (1) a personal attack, (2) nationalistic flamewar, and (3) insinuation of astroturfing without evidence. We ban accounts that post like this, so please don't do it again.

https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html
I disagree, I think the military exists for the purpose of advancing American interests at home and abroad. Think of ships like the USS Mercy, or other humanitarian efforts.

What makes you think those innovations would have been created without the military? The US military does a lot of research that doesn't have immediate practical/commercial applications. They cost a lot of money, and don't have obvious payoffs, which make them a poor candidate to be funded by private investment.
Show HN: 3geonames.org – A triple name geocode for the world
Nuclear technology has improved in cost in the past decade by a factor of 6, like PV has? If not, I will call its rate of improvement "slow".
I have been working on .Net c# this past 2 years, coming from PHP. The hardest thing for me was to remember to close my database connections. Of course when you don't close one connection, your app doesn't break, it simply consumes more memory. After a few hundred requests, your database fail and you have no clue what went wrong. (close your connections!)

In PHP, when your page is done processing, the process is killed and all the connections, file handles, or resources it had open will be closed.

The more I work with .Net, the more I get to appreciate the things in PHP I had taken for granted.

I wrote about this a year ago: https://idiallo.com/blog/php-fast-debug-time
>building a C++ project

Build in a ram disk and then copy whatever you need for permanent storage?
I would not trust most of the entities promising basic income. Most of them can go bankrupt (eg. corporate titans like GM or cities like Detroit/Stockton or insurers like AIG). If one relies on basic income for 10-15 years and alter their lifestyle accordingly (little savings, big gap in work experience), what happens when the entity underwriting their basic income declares bankruptcy?

Only a handful of entities (like US federal govt) can administer a trustworthy UBI program (and that too, only for a limited set of people).
Please don't take HN threads into generic ideological flamewar, which is the last thing we want here.

Also, please don't use allcaps for emphasis; it's basically yelling. (That's in the site guidelines too.)

https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html
Ask HN: How can international students start a startup in US?
Could someone advice how international students can start a startup in the US? It seems like a really complex process and also no proper advice available with the continuous change in immigration law.
Here were my results from being on the top of HackerNews for a day: https://imgur.com/a/CeOJ974

8% of visitors signed up (goal 1). Numbers before were fewer than 5 visitors a day with ~0 signups.
I'm currently having an issue where I get to sleep on time but keep waking up 1-2 sleep cycles too early. Any ideas why? Help.
Mileage varies depending on where you live. I really like the idea of OSM and have tried it on and off for years but it's abysmal for my city. Post code searches come up wrong and my own home address places the map marker the other side of town from my house. Google Maps has been accurate every time I've used it and I've never had any issues. I can't really trust OSM as an accurate source over Google Maps right now but hopefully it improves as time goes on. I really hope it does. I have tried to use open source solutions a lot in my life but I can't with Maps right now.
I'm at somewhere between 24 and 26 hours a "day". It varies over the course of several weeks.
Having rank-and-file employees on the board seems a little iffy. Maybe it would work if the ownership had some interest in employee perspectives and well-being--like in the Filene case. Filene strikes me as an outlier though.

Without that interest, you're just putting high schoolers up against an NFL team--no match for the wealth, power, and credentials of shareholders and their representatives.
I’m very pro-nuclear, we almost certainly need it while we improve renewables. However, 25,000 years or 500 years... it’s pretty much the same problem for us as a species. 500 years is significantly longer than the US has been a country, and represents a period of time measured in many many generations. 500 years of storage is a hard problem, and from the perspective of us, our kids, their kids, and their kids and a dozen generations after it might as well be a thousand, ten thousand, or 25,000 years. 500 years is longer than any of us will be alive and far longer than we can hope to predict the course of society and technology.
FRAMES – A Framework for Representing Knowledge (1974)
I was approached by a German blockchain company last year and the salary range discussed wasn't great. Less than half. And it didn't seem cheaper to live there.

My theory of why tech salaries are higher in the US: the US, public and private, borrows trillions of dollars. It consumes more than it produces. Wages are higher. And so are imports and immigration. It's all a consequence of the borrowing.

If the US stopped borrowing so much and stopped inflating bubbles and re-inflating them after they collapse, consumption, wages, imports and immigration would fall.

If the US started paying down its debt, we'd be producing more than we consume. We'd be exporting more than we import and there'd be more emigrants than immigrants.

The growth industries are the most prone to bubbles. It's easier to believe something that is rising will get big than something that is the same or shrinking. So most of the VC capital goes to growth industries. Well, it would in any case, but even more so when there is an unnatural amount of capital. So that is where salaries get bid up the most.
Firewalls have stateful inspection and handshake inspection capabilities for known protocols on known ports. They also have URL filtering, IPS, DDoS protection, and threat monitoring. This is the big difference between an organization like a business/university vs an ISP. I wasn't talking simple ACLs, that only requires a basic switch.
> You always want to use mixed lot numbers or disks with significantly different manufacturing dates in your arrays.

For the few of us left who know how to do this (or even that it's beneficial to do in the first place), it's becoming less practical to do at scale.

It's hard enough finding someone who will hire me and use any of These Thngs I Know about operating hardware, isntead of just my "automation" skills, as if all problems can be solved in software.
>President Trump, who as a candidate called for expanded spying on Americans.

I may not agree with Trump on it, but least he was honest about his support for it.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m4SRCOouw5I
This is designed to just generate power rather than to use it to power itself.

Companies 'unveil' new cars every year, just because the basis has been done before does mean that you can't unveil it in a different format.
Many of the posts here assume Toyota is investing in Uber to get access Uber's self-driving tech.

This is a Toyota self-driving vehicle in 2014: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x5Qey8ksE18

I think Uber self-driving initiative got serious around 2015.
The policy prescribes no more than 90 days between informing about the vulnerability and releasing the patch and/or information, however, it prescribes 0 days between releasing the patch and disclosure.

If Epic needed more time to prepare for deploying the patch, then they should have released the patch later, coordinating with Google - they certainly had time left for that, up to these 90 days. But once Epic started the clock by making the patch widely available, it is unreasonable to wait anything comparable to 90 days. Google should have disclosed the vulnerability on the same day as the patch, since the patch also 'discloses' the vulnerability to those who would use it. Delaying it for a day or two could be mostly safe; 7 days is pushing it, anything more than that is not a good idea - by that time the bad guys know the vulnerability anyway, and the delay is just harming everyone else.
There's also a related but different type of pcb motor that relies on the piezoelectric effect instead of magnetism: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uFZsH62ewYo
I tend to experience this every time I have to take over from an amateur who cannot be bothered to document their work.
In other news, Americans continue to fight this.

https://prism-break.org
Interesting read/points about risk and candidates not being receptive to feedback. I've worked for companies that reason like this but personally, I believe the biggest challenge to overcome is for the person declining the candidate to articulate clear/concise constructive feedback over the PHONE vs sending an EMAIL.

My current firm (McKinsey & Company) expects every candidate in round 1 or final round interviews (either from the recruiter or hiring manager) to receive a call same day or within a day of interviewing with their interview results. If the results are a decline, feedback as to how and why we came to that decision is provided. It's painful for sure and no one likes to give bad news but the firm has been operating this way for years and I’ve found candidates appreciate knowing sooner rather then later.

Let's face it, there are a lot of bad hiring processes out there and not hearing back is the WORST when on the job hunt. At my firm, we rigorously evaluate candidates based on performance and will always do our best to ensure they are provided with feedback in a timely manner (note: I'm sure there have been slip ups in the past RE: same day/1 day after interviewing feedback but the firm expects every recruiters/interviewer to follow this process).
Making it robust or sensible presumes there's some sort of coherent intent behind it, which was already disclaimed in the blog post.
Nationalistic attacks are not allowed on HN. Please don't post like this again.
More info here: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=17851278
The first set is doing chip design and layout (think of this like the circuit diagram for the CPU). The second set is doing the actual manufacturing after being delivered a complete layout.

Intel can buy a "7nm" processor from TSMC and in fact for products that aren't their processors they actually do get other companies to manufacture their products occasionally. They don't want to release the complete design of their processor to external suppliers for IP reasons and have been leveraging their manufacturing advantage to sell more CPUs. Intel could build AMD chips in their fab but then Intel CPUs have to compete with AMD on architecture alone and lose any performance edge attributable to the manufacturing.

Technically this is the gate length of the transistor (https://nptel.ac.in/courses/103106075/Courses/Lecture21.html) but it's becoming mostly a marketing term to refer to the generation of manufacturing tech since the transistor density depends on enough other factors now that gate length alone isn't a good measure. Intel's 14nm ~= TSMC/GF 10nm and Intel's 10nm ~= TSMC/GF 7nm.
I lived in a building which was "affected" by pigeons, they filled the nearby balconies with their feces. It was disgusting. I complained to management, nothing was done. They were loud and annoying early in the morning, crapped all over everything, it was maddening. Although pigeons are pretty smart, you can teach them to fear you and even to fear coming anywhere near your balcony, which is what I did. By constantly scaring the bejeesus out of them every time they came near. They eventually decided that the pleasure of crapping on my balcony wasn't worth the terror I would inflict on them.
You can write a server that will handle multiple requests in PHP, for example, using ReactPHP.

By the way, I don't like how they implemented promises and asynchronous file streams: they copied them from Node.JS and didn't implement proper error reporting (which Node did't have at the time too if I remember correctly). For example, if there is a promise that was rejected and the rejection is not handled, there will be no exception thrown. So the developer won't even know about an error, even if it is a syntax error. That's how poorly Javascript promises were designed. Now this is fixed in JS and unhandled rejection will produce a warning in the console but there are many other bad things about them.
OsmAnd already exists, and it had a metric ton of development time put into it.
I like these articles where iOS devs try out Flutter, because given its origins, the framework almost feels like it'd be Android-first. React Native has a reputation for being better with iOS, for whatever reason, and it'd be good if any new cross-platform solutions avoids having a bias for either.
Leadership is very teachable. The military and other large organizations that need leadership that can't be gotten off the street invest in it.

Few orgs want to teach it because it costs money and the ROI is poor if the subject jumps ship. The military doesn't have this problem to the same degree for obvious reasons, but for companies that require common skill sets, it's a tough decision.
Tesla CEO Elon Musk needs a second-in-command, experts say
The phrase I was probably looking for was "eating the elephant", from Creighton Abrams' "When eating an elephant take one bite at a time."

Maybe "wrestling the alien" would work best for CL. Nose-against-arm.
Apple-1 Computer Auction
I was more referring to the DoS attacks on the TCP stack than the spoofing attacks. https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-5390 as an example. The attack surface is vastly expanded compared to Wireguard's default attack surface.
Why don't they want to do it? How might I make them more comfortable with me so they can explain how they really feel?

I'd be very cautious with this approach. Politeness is an extremely important social defense mechanism for most people. By ignoring the standard polite response and trying to get at the truth you're undermining a person's attempt to save face. By doing so, you're attacking their autonomy and agency as a human being.
High-profile journals put to reproducibility test
I would not think that a tech CEO is any more aligned with an engineer's interests than any other CEO of any other company.
Interesting, I guess from that point of view, UBI does seem better.
Encoding geographic coordinates into a string is a trivial thing. Yet, there are many grid based systems (geohash, PlusCodes, Mapcodes), and some even turn the thing into a business (Zippr, What3Words). I agree with the commonly stated motivation that Latitude and Longitude are not sufficient for identifying a place in both an unambiguous and human friendly way. A single string for this pair of numbers is a better representation, if only it can preserve all the information contained in the original latitude,longitude pair, something no existing geo-encoding system does. That's my goal.

GeoCode is an open source Geolocation Code, mapping (latitude,longitude) to {(one alphanumeric number) or (three geonames)}.
This demographic also includes senior citizens on fixed income. Many who are finding it very difficult to pay rent, to the point where some forego eating in order to pay bills.
Epic is happy to pay Apple a 30% tax, but does not want to do the same for Android? And when Google exposes vulnerabilities in their approach (which was totally predictable), they cry foul?

If anything, Google should just make sideloading of apps illegal and let companies like Epic face the legal risks if they try to bypass security for profit motives.
I would hesitate to say that the US system arose out of completely "voluntary" agreements. In the US, most employees, even if they were to band together, have nowhere near the bargaining power to be able to negotiate a seat at the table. As the article itself showed, when companies started falling on hard times, or even when one manager became aghast that the workers were sharing in the profits, the employee councils were out.
But that amount of money is astronomical. People are buying the apartments and leaving them vacant as an investment, rather than using them as intended, as a residence for a person living in the city.
IT'S ABOUT F!$KING TIME :)
> California will make T-Mobile Binge On type service illegal for cable providers to offer.

Hopefully, yes.

> And the will outlaw T-Mobile Binge On too.

Hopefully, yes.

In the short term, I like those services. Hey, free streaming video! But in the enlightened self interest long term, I don't want my ISP deciding which services I can plausibly use. Imagine Verizon offered zero-rated Netflix, "but since you don't need all that expensive per-gigabyte data like our competitors try to sell you, we'll give you 2GB of data for free with your plan, but unlimited access to our wide variety of paid sponsors!"
You're not looking at the other side of the coin. Why would a renter pay ten times as much "because charity"?

Nobody who has to compete with others gets to set a price based on their costs.
It's actually great news for AMD. Due to the terms of the spinoff of GloFo, AMD had minimum order volumes they HAD to send their way, and that caused issues when they were ramping up Ryzen, causing GloFo to have to license the Samsung process so they could keep their end of the bargain up.

This frees AMD to go exclusively with TSMC, or split their fab needs between Samsung and TSMC.
I beg to differ. There are so many things you haven't heard yet. Oen strategy my friends use successfully is ask friends on social media for their recommendations around a topic or topics, or generally what they like in podcasts and radio.
Yeah, I'll bet they do. Good riddance.

Aside from the image problem of being toys for salarymen Boomers who strap on some straight pipes and terrorize the neighborhood LARPing as a Hell's Angel on the weekend, their engineering has always been subpar for the price-- the one-size-fits-all solution of "just stick a V-Twin in it" for $30K only gets you so far, and led to some anemic sportbikes under the now-defunct Buell brand. You can buy a Lotus for that price.

Most of their business comes from the cachet of being part of a lifestyle or image; kids who grew up in the 70s saw how badass motorcycle gangs were and wanting to recapture a part of that during their adult midlife crises. Millennials can't relate to that. With Harleys being among the most expensive motorcycles on the market despite not being the most comfortable, the most performant, the most versatile, or the most reliable, there's literally no practical reason to buy one.
smartmontools is a good starting point.

On Windows there is Hard Drive Sentinel [1] and Diskovery [2]. Crystal Disk Info is a hit-and-miss, it's too prone to misinterpreting attributes and showing nonsense.

[1] https://www.hdsentinel.com/

[2] https://diskovery.io/
> ZFS loves cheap disks was the maxim when ZFS first came out

This is the first time I've heard this expression.

So, you're telling me I shouldn't have bought all those WD Red drives for my ZFS machine?
I've seen the other side of the coin, where the desire to solve a concrete problem forces a solution to be unnecessarily brittle and actually harder to implement than a more generic solution.

I'll give an example: "we're never gonna have more than three devices, so this array should have a hardcoded size of 3." It sounds pretty extreme, but believe me, some variation of this theme comes up more often than I would like, especially from people who are not software engineers. It seems like some people think that every abstraction (and potential genericity) is expensive, so they tend to put constraints in places where none need to exist. Very soon you'd need to make a small modification to your code, or extend it slightly, and those unnecessary constraints are going to make things difficult.

Personally, I'd like to approach a problem from the bottom-up. Start with solving a concrete case, and see if any patterns emerge in the process. And if they do, then I generalize those patterns. Frequent refactoring is very helpful during this process. Sure, mistakes and over-generalizations can still occur. But they are usually not very expensive if noticed quickly.
That’s not really feasible considering that many filters are made partly from activated carbon in order to filtrate many of the harmful substances that are in cigarettes.
I know a family that moved back to Germany recently. The father is a lawyer. He described their new situation as a 2-3x pay cut once you factor in higher taxes. He also said it was a similar situation for doctors.
So it is not the same logo...
German antitrust watchdog plans action on Facebook this year
> Take a look at the evidence in the real world (y'know, actual facts, not baseless speculation) and you will find strong indication that larger board sizes increase corporate performance.

So you have statistical evidence that an increase to board size on day t is associated with greater excess stock returns on days > t?
Please do not cross into incivility regardless of how wrong someone is or you feel they are.

https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html
We use ZFS, how can I check if we are doing a ZFS Scrub every week?