skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Just because others haven't brought it up, you can buy options. Unlike shorting, purchasing an option (or spread) has limited risk. Unlike shorting, options have much higher leverage, so the potential for profit is much higher.

SPY, the largest S&P 500 ETF right now is at $287.51. For $2335 today, you can buy the right to sell 100 shares of SPY for $285 in December 2020. That means that if the price in December 2020 (or any date in between) is less than $261.65 ($285 minus the cost of the option itself), you can exercise your option and make $100 for every $1 the price falls below $261.65. If say, the price falls to $230, you make $3100, or 32% on your investment.

If you're fairly sure the price will say above $200, you can simultaneously sell the option to sell at $200 on the same date for $505 and discount your total trade to $1835. This would become what's called a put "spread". If you purchased this spread and the price fell to $230, you'd make ($285 - $18.35 - $230) * 100 = $3665, for a 100% return. However if the price fell to $150, you'd only make ($285 - $18.35 - $200) * 100 = $6665 rather than ($285 - $18.35 - $150) * 100 = $11665, as you'd have to pay the person who bought the $200 option from you the difference.

If the price goes up, all you lose is the cost of your option, which is unlike shorting, where you lose $1 for every dollar above your sell price the stock moves.

If you buy an option (or spread) with a closer expiry, you'll pay a lot less but of course have a lot less time to be right. You can also sell an option much closer to your own, for example a $245 option for $1200, in which case you'd pay $1335 for your $285 option.
A.I. Has Grown Up and Left Home (2013)
If that's the case then you can't cut taxes. Simple arithmetic still applies if people like it or not.
Wow! This is insanely cool! You should package this up as a VS Code plugin so more people can use it. At a minimum, please post a license.txt file in your repo so folks can actually use it (MIT or similar is pretty easy and common for something like this, without a license.txt file it's not clear whether others can actually use it and many places that means they can't).
Nanotubes change the shape of water
At some point we will need a bacteria that can break down polypropylene/polyethylene chains. This will bring an end to plastics usefulness, but the alternative is going to be a continual buildup of inorganic molecules in the environment with unknown consequences.
My original gmail was already slow, this is soo slow. How can I change back to the original one?
But how much can you irradiate to the black space?
It's those 2000 year old photos that I hanker for. :) 200 years ago is magical, 2000 years ago would be incredible. Oh, to peruse the stinky streets of Herculaneum!

Gosh, I hope humanity can keep it up for another 2000 years, keeping out heritage and history well-recorded.
I would risk stating that all non software engineers have to like Windows because there is no software for them runnig on linux. All cad cam programs, ms Office, etc...
Sounds about right, Apple doesn't put much effort in to keeping their open source command line tools up to date.
7 Warning Signs to Check Before Downloading a WordPress Plugin
Well, almost every single user who has written a Python 2 program, or program which uses Python 2 internally, would find their code broken in /usr/bin/python moved to Python 3.

I wouldn't be surprised if Apple just stays on Python 2 forever. Apple already does some patching to their copy of python when they upgrade OS, and it would require a fairly small amount of manpower to keep Python 2 running forever.
Wouldn't the more relevant statistic be the relative rates compared to the US?
Thank you. Actionable comment. A+
I’m not sure your conclusion follows. We agree that we “see” things because we have the conscious experience of doing so and we talk about it.

Nothing remotely analogous happens with current AI algorithms.
I read your comments with great interest

Thank you for saying so. It helps to hear such things sometimes. It's vastly better to get the occasional atta-girl than just facing a wall of negativity.

Future goal: More meaty engagement on the issues with less overall sense of dismissiveness. ;)

(Also: Waves at the guy from Georgia who went to that other Georgia school.)
attention is a limited and rivalrous resource
BTW: The article linked is a composite of articles copy-and-pasted from these two sources:

Mainly:

https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/world-history/this-...

Additionally:

https://mashable.com/2014/11/05/first-photograph-of-a-human/...
AWS Parameter Store
I prefer godoc. It is concise and I can find faster what I am looking for.
Indeed. Moreover whenever something is wrong, something is too big, see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leopold_Kohr#Philosophy.
Ask HN: Someone ripped off my website and is making money off it. What can I do?
Many years ago I made a website and posted it here. It because a hit and I am proud of it. It's open source under a share-alike non-commercial license. Someone took it, bought the same domain with a different extension and slammed ads on it. This has been going on for many years and I never knew what to do, we are talking pennies and it's not something I would like to get in to legal stuff to fix. I don't have neither the time or money. But if someone knew a way I could at least have this person remove the ads it would be great. Thanks!

Edit: could I maybe complain to the domain hosting? I would go to the advertisers but really it's mostly just referral links bitcoin exchanges.
Trust me, I'm from NZ, I get the idea behind the declaration of fruits etc.

I've never heard anyone on more of a shitheaded mean-spirited power trip than every American customs person I've stood near.
They don't even have the latest version of Python 2.x though!
How hard is it to "fuzz" this? I regularly look up weird things ("anal fissure", gout, knee problems), and have my kids use my google account every once in a while just to keep things loose. Also, my home network blocks a lot of ad-related domains.

It would seem that you could enlarge your search footprint to where it would be nebulous, include lots of garbage, and it would become useless.
Show HN: A support network for your weekend side-project
Hey HN --

A few weeks ago I launched Pioneer (https://pioneer.app).

Pioneer is an experiment to try and find & help creative people around the world working on interesting projects. A project could be anything -- open source work, research in physics or biology, or creating art. Unlike other grant programs, the way we find people is through crowdsourcing.

Applicants vote on each other (like HN / Reddit) and the best projects float to the top. We have industry experts (Patrick Collison, Tyler Cowen, Stephen Wolfram, etc) act as "mods" to sharpen the quality of the leaderboard.

The top-scoring applicants become Pioneers. They get $5,000, a ticket to Silicon Valley, mentorship from experts and -- most importantly -- a community that will hopefully accelerate and motivate them.

Applications close Sunday night PDT. If you have a weekend-side project that you can't stop thinking about -- Pioneer is exactly for you!

I'm trying to make an engine for converting shower-thoughts into real world stuff. Other than money, what do you think would be helpful to provide?

Pioneer is at https://pioneer.app.

P.S. I also work at YC. This is an unrelated effort, primarily aimed at things that don’t fit the bill of a “company”. Apply to Startup School for that!
This is a really important comment. I started my career in scientific computing, went over to software/web development for a while, and am back over to scientific computing. I've been involved in teaching efforts lately, mainly for analysts who want to do data wrangling and stats, and I think it is a good environment for some of what they want to do.

I never used Jupyter before getting involved in this kind of coding, data wangling and stats. And it took me a while to get used to it. The "lack of state" is confusing, as well as the apparent non-linearity of a jupyter notebook (it can appear that certain commands are done in order from top to bottom, when if you look at the number next to them, they may have been executed in a completely different order). I actually chalked this up to my background in software development, figuring I was more wired to think of state as something that would be cleared every time a script was run. Analysts (statisticians, engineers, data scientist types) like to interact back and forth very iteratively with their data, and I think they're less likely to be tripped up by some back of mind assumption that you can determine the state of variables and so forth by looking at a bunch of commands as if they were run top to bottom in a file.

It got me thinking about when I'd use jupyter notebooks for my own work. In short, if I were writing a program, even just a one page script, I wouldn't use an interactive notebook (I have opened .py files in jupyter and just used it as a text editor).

But if I wanted to "do my math homework"? A one off where I need to get an answer to some complicated questions that will require a lot of data wrangling and stats? Yeah, I'd probably reach for jupyter notebook or something like it.

Otherwise? I can't remember the O'Reilly book where this was written (sorry I wish I had the cite) but the author wrote that his favorite dev environment is python and a text editor. That's still the case for me as well.

I hate to conclude with the disappointing "the problems are when you use it for the wrong task", mainly because I've objected when people have made this argument in the past. If a tool tends to get used for the wrong task, that's partly a problem with who is using it... but we shouldn't let the tool itself off the hook too easily. It's still worth thinking through. I'm worried I'm falling into the trap of making this argument when I like the tool, and objecting to it when I don't. I'll have to think about that a bit.

As it stands, though, I haven't had a huge problem with Jupyter Notebook, and I like it a lot, probably because I don't use it when Python + vi (or a "better" but still basic text editor) would do the trick.
Skim reading is the new normal. The effect on society is profound
A problem with directing people toward ineffective solutions is that it may "use up" people's limited willingness to be pro-social. Scott Alexander described a few studies on this phenomenon at Less Wrong: https://www.lesswrong.com/posts/r8stxYL29NF9w53am/doing-your...

Briefly: people manipulated into buying environmentally friendly products shared less of their money in a Dictator Game, and were more likely to lie for financial gain. (Beware that this is from 2009, i.e. pre-replication crisis, so the studies might warrant careful checking.)

Alexander: "If this is true, then anything that makes people feel moral without actually doing good is no longer a harmless distraction. All those biases that lead people to give time and money and thought to causes that don't really merit them waste not only time and money, but an exhaustible supply of moral fiber"
You missed one of the most important points about centralization: performance and legal aspects/governance. Could you sue IPFS if the protocol removed your files? You can against companies like Google.

Not saying that centralization is always the best options, just adding more food for thought.
Creating their own straw men.

Sorry.
Starcraft is what you are thinking of, specifically sentdex makes a lot of tutorials regarding this.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v3LJ6VvpfgI

DoTA has always been a much more micro focused, whereas starcraft is both macro + micro focused. Infact, the popularity of the game stemmed through this. MOBA (the genre DoTA is based on) is essentially the "Fun" parts of starcraft, controlling and leveling up your hero

MOBA is from a game called Aeon of Strife, a custom Starcraft 1 modded map. I played it a few times growing up.

When I hear about AI and video games, I get slightly confused though with this terminology. We've had hardcoded "AI" for 20+ years already that's actually been fairly decent. "AI" was also the official term used in many of these games.

When I hear of AI and video games now, I assume everyone is talking about neural networks, machine learning, etc.
That “system python” will be py2 for a long while to come (except on Arch and RHEL) isn’t terribly surprising.

That they aren’t shipping 2.7.15 is kind of egregious.

I ignore system python entirely and roll my own, but cluttering up the system with old code from day 1 isn’t great.
There is something I am not getting. From the second r00tz link:

>This competition focused on using SQL injections (basic attack) against replicas of the sites that report (not count) votes.

>Clearly, if these or similar attacks were to happen in real life, no actual votes would be changed [...]

Then what this hack was all about?
AWS S3 Event Aggregation with Lambda and DynamoDB
> "heavily tested and validated end to end in real-life conditions for years"

That seems like a more wordy way to state "It's been fine so far".

> "formally proven on a simplified model using reasonable assumptions made by human engineers"

I didn't know about that. What kind of formal proofs did they do? Did they involve the linux scheduler?
Say I have coin that I predict will always flip heads. The first flip is tails. Hypothesis falsified!

Your cycle of scientific inquiry is complete in this case. The test demonstrated that the coin will not always flip heads, and therefore the hypothesis was disproved.

But, that still tells me nothing about the future if the coin is fair.

This is now a new, albeit related, inquiry that can build upon the results of the first test.

So your proposition is constructed in error unfortunately and falsification doesn't claim to address the problem of induction.
There is probably a diminishing return on that, and there might still be enough cash left afterwards.

It’s a good point overall though.
But but but... every day, many people use implementations written in C to reliably store data. Just look at, say, Linux. The drivers, filesystems and networking stack are all written in C (and maybe some assembler). And once the data reaches the firmware controllers of the mass storage device... Well, the firmware is done in C or assembler.

It is not like implementing a rather thin layer for reliable data storage on the userspace in language x somehow invalidates the contribution of the C language, which the underlying system, all the way from the OS to the device firmware is likely written with.

That said, I do understand the arguments of e.g. Rust being superior in preventing memory bugs, and so on, but whatever gets implemented on the userspace is simply not the whole story regarding reliable data storage. Without system services no data will get replicated, distributed, stored and so on...
Godoc is an excellent forcing function when it's not ignored. Designing your package's public namespace so that it looks sensible in godoc yields great results for consumers.
and make the cognitive error

That’s being charitable. Often, it’s not a cognitive error, but rather spite and retaliation. Hanlon’s razor really doesn’t work well in these situations.

People know damn well what they’re up to, and will redouble their efforts at the suggestion that something might be taken off their plate.
You may want to disclose you are a partner at YC, as this sounds like a scam/spam otherwise.

EDIT: Was added. Thanks!
And uhm, wtf kinda copy and paste is it. If you think that photo is the same corner as it is today, hah, no. It's not the corner where the man had his shoe shined, it's just some other random piece of road. It's not even the picture from the Independent article. What the ????.
Kubernetes has enormous masses of repetitive code that is essentially a workaround for the absence of generics or other kinds of improved types. The reliance on "union types" -- really, exclusive arcs -- gives me the heebies and also guarantees that there is a bottleneck for new features: PRs to core. And then there's the whole TypeMeta thing. An entire dynamic type system because Golang can't express what Kubernetes needs.

And no, I don't see code generation as a good thing. It's fragile and difficult to safely upgrade.
A corporation could replace TCP with some proprietary protocol (but I don't see why would some even think about it) but can't replace IP: IP is the protocol that routers on the internet use to know how to route packets, you can't replace it without implementing the new protocol on all the routers that your packets have to go through and those routers aren't own by a single company, so TCP/IP isn't going anywere soon and probably would never go away.
Yes, some green phases definitely feel sub-millisecond.
I think we're getting there. I'm hoping one of the federation protocols becomes widely accepted & implemented, so that users from any social platform are able to communicate and cross-post to any other social platform.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distributed_social_network
Godoc compensate by being more functional. The elixir example is missing links to the source code of the functions/methods etc. Godoc also generates an excerpt with all the functions/methods/types in the package.
Here’s a serious question, who relies on system tools (besides the OS itself)?

The concept of default installations of tools has always been awkward. Invariably, to create a stable system around your software you want to control versions so that you can have predictable results.

I find Nix very appealing (though haven’t used it yet) in this regard. Similary, it’s why we’ve started using Docker to package up all the dependencies we need around the software.

A question I have is: should Apple just say, this is a tool for the OS only, and expect users to install the dependencies they need? Maybe even support that by adopting something like the Nix package manager for common dependencies across applications?
But damn it was easy and flexible to mod.
This reminds me of http://meta.ath0.com/2012/02/05/apples-great-gpl-purge/

Usually, there are alternatives to these former GPLv2, now GPL3 tools and I wonder why Apple just does not replace them.
Also "Libr Library of Congress ary"!
Hey everyone, tweet author here. This was posted in June. In the 2.5 months since that tweet Apple apparently did update Python on Mojave to 2.7.15.

Could an admin take this submission down or flag it?

Why this blew up just today is very surprising to me.
Citation needed for like everything in your first and last paragraph.
I just went looking for a minimal react install and found this:

https://github.com/krasimir/react-bare-minimum

When I was able to get it working, it came out to 880kb. That's more than (nearly) 600kb! I thought you were exaggerating.

The stimulus umd.js by comparison is 60kb uncompressed.
The Center for Humane Technology could use J. Ellul work ( https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacques_Ellul#On_technique ).
China Corporate Governance Report 2018
I remember that there was some debate inside the Creative Commons community about whether ads on a website made the web site "commercial" for purposes of CC-NC. There were certainly many people who felt that it shouldn't, arguing that many sites that people understand as "noncommercial" do include ads.

You might want to try to find out a bit more about how this issue has been discussed (and resolved?) within the CC community, for example because it's possible that the person who copied your site might feel that the copy is genuinely "noncommercial".

The DMCA takedown process is easy to use, and you don't need a lawyer to use it. However, it's only available if the site is hosted in the United States and the hosting provider has a DMCA agent (which typical hosting providers do). There's also no guarantee that the site will stay down or that you won't end up in court since, by design, the other party has the right to challenge the DMCA notice either by a counter-notice (asserting that the use of the copyrighted work is in fact legitimate) or by asking a court to resolve the dispute (an "action for declaratory judgment").

Also, by design, it's hard to force other people to do things without involving the legal system in some way. :-)
Yes. Diaconis, Holmes, and Montgomery demonstrate (but do not provide a full specification for) a coin-flipping machine which will yield heads 100%* of the time (as long as it starts on heads).

"Dynamical bias in the coin toss". https://statweb.stanford.edu/~susan/papers/headswithJ.pdf

* Or at least every time the experiment is performed.
It might help if you told us the domains involved so we can see for ourselves what is going on.
I would argue that abuse protection has been one of the main drivers toward centralized systems.

Many goals of fully decentralized morality-neutral platforms are in conflict with the expectations of people to be protected from harm while using the internet. Centralized platforms get closed to providing such a protection (even if flawed).

There is tons of research in decentralized methods for protecting against abuse (huge research topic in the 2000), yet not much has really worked (Bitcoin solves SOME, but it still suffers of many other abuse problems).

Small-scale federated solutions (where all participants know each other) are potentially better on that front, but I don't think they will be profoundly different from solutions where control is centralized. There will need to be coordination in response to problems, hard to see how different parts of the system might implement profoundly different policies about content, anonymity without splitting the group.

So, my conclusion is that solutions with centralized control are dominating the market not because a few evil corporations are conspiring to steal the control away from the free people, but because they DO provide a much safer environment for regular people to do regular things, despite all downside.
This topic is primarily about the accumulation of physical waste (ie. garbage), not about the oil usage. Of course, the oil usage is a valid problem that needs to be solved, but that's not why people are caring about the straws.
Did they?

% /usr/bin/python -V
Python 2.7.10
From the linked Deep Impact space probe page:

The spacecraft was lost and:
"the most probable reason of software malfunction was a Y2K-like problem. August 11, 2013, 00:38:49, was 2^32 of one-tenth seconds from January 1, 2000, leading to speculation that a system on the craft tracked time in one-tenth second increments since January 1, 2000, and stored it in a signed 32-bit integer, which then overflowed at this time, similar to the Year 2038 problem"