skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Interesting question, and one that opens up numerous areas of history, communications, community, control, freedom, and public vs. private operation.

In the United States, the postal service from its beginning was publicly operated, and served specifically to distribute timely information and general knowledge in the form of discounted rates for newspapers, magazines, and books, as well as providing personal correspondence and parcel delivery. It also established principles of privacy to correspondents.

This was in contrast to various earlier systems, either privately operated or, frequently, operated as part of royal intelligence services.

With the emergence of telephony and broadcast technologies, there were numerous national debates throughout the worrld over public vs. private operation, with many countries opting for primarily public systems. The U.S. chose instead, generally, a regulated private approach.

There are a few histories of these developments, though fewer than you might think. University of Illinois media scholar Roberrt W. McChesney has several books on the topic.

Several countries leveraged their national telecoms systems to create early computer networks, most notably France's Minitel. In the US, the early DARPANET, ARPANET, and Internet were largely public operations, though through a mixed-control operator network, including the Department of Defence, RAND, SRI, the National Science Foundation, and numerous universities, themselves a mix of public and private.

The Internet itself gradually transitioned from research to commercial use between 1985 and 1995, in a not particularly structured manner. See for example:
https://groups.csail.mit.edu/mac/classes/6.805/student-paper...

There remain elements of government involvement and access to both Net infrastructure and firms, including investments in several significant firms (notably Google and Facebook), as well as intercept capabilities through network operators, engineered device and protocol weaknesses, CA compromises, and both law-based and extralegal means, fairly trivially confirmed through a few moments research. (EFF and The Intercept document much of this.)

At the same time, there are countries which do substantively operate or participate in social networks either directly or through public-private enterprises, notably Russia and China.

And much of the objective of networking the world has been accomplished through largely private operators.

In short: they could, some do, there's a great deal of history, and the present regime arose likely in significant part as national governments and agencies thought they were seeing their needs met through the cooptable efforts of others.
A teacher of mine, who studied maths at Oxford, was given a problem sheet on his first day and was told to finish by the time of his first tutorial. He made no progress and was reduced to tears as he thought he was incapable at Oxford. Turns out, he was given a set of unsolved problems on purpose :)
> They have figured out that its much more about connections and office politics than hard work.

Maintaining relationships with different kinds of people is work. It's hard and meaningful work.

> They have figured out that there is really no job security, and they could be one layoff wave away from unemployment.

There most definitely is job security. Some people have lots of it, some have very little. There is no 100% job security, if that's what you were hoping for.

> They have figured out that its much more about face time and spending long hours at work rather than actually being productive.

Again, spending time with people in a social environment is a meaningful thing to do with one's life.

> They have figured out that the majority of their work, to their surprise is not actually that important or necessary.

It's not surprising that the majority of the product / code is not that important or necessary. If you are a good teammate, you might be an important or necessary part in your teammates daily lives.

> They have figured out that its important not to take too much vacations, because its an opportunity to loose the little work they have to someone else.

"many", "lose", "it's". I'm pretty close with my teammates, and I've never heard of any of them giving up any of their vacation time to get respect from our boss.

> They have figured out that they are never going to get payed the true value of their work, and that is almost the definition of being an employee.

I think that you if you'll try to give a definition of what you call "true value", it could be reduced to an absurdity.

> They have figured out that its all a system of serventry not too different from the medieval relation between master and servant.

I wish every person that said that would get to spend a couple of weeks as an actual slave, and would then report on their impressions.

> They have figured out that its a system that they are being grinded through and discarded, and that they are condemned for life to making someone else rich, never getting a chance to trully fulfill their dreams and ambitions.

Anyone wants to take on this one?
Turkey's central bank hiked rates before Erdogan won re-election which consolidated a lot of his power; including power of appointing central bank governors. You could make an argument for central bank independence back then. It's much harder to do so now.

The rest of what you wrote runs contrary to real world economics.
The `sort' example will break past one-digit numbers without the -n flag, and the example for `uniq' isn't even accurate without sorting first (not to mention the UUOC).

Setting aside the errors, the author recommends `xdotool' for finding screen coordinates for ffmpeg, but `slop -f %g' allows you to click and drag to select a rectangle and outputs a geometry string that can be given directly to ffmpeg, which is a lot faster.
> I kinda want to open this up to the HN comments section, because this does not strike me as a brutally difficult problem, but the rate at which people fell on their faces when presented with this question suggests either something about our interview process or about the candidates we interview.

Because whiteboard coding is stressful and hard. I still kick myself for almost failing to get a basic sorting question right back in 2009, because the interviewer disguised it as a question about horse racing and it was interview 8 at the end of the day. (I still ended up getting an offer, but I turned it down.)
This is an amazing video by vsauce called How Hot Can It Get and which deals with the same concepts. I very highly recommend it for everyone.

https://youtu.be/4fuHzC9aTik
Emotionally I didn't want companies to know about my life but practically it's going okay. Having companies know random information about me doesn't really affect my day to day life much (except for I have more targeted ads, which honestly isn't a negative).
My bank's in-app password reset tool clears all fields and requires you to restart if the app is suspended mid-form. It also disables copy + paste into the app fields. And, their identity verification involves texting you a 10-digit security code, which falls just outside of most people's working memory.

And I use it often, because their password requirements are incredibly specific - so specific they cripple the search space - and they won't allow password manager pasting. Of course, if I made my password "dragondragondragon1!", they'd happily accept it and I'd never have to use their torturous interface.

It's amazing how far security features can go in being both anti-user and anti-security.
Inference speed and net size is definitely considered important and some researchers are definitely tackling it (e.g https://arxiv.org/abs/1602.07360). However it's more of an engineering area (meaning lots of engineers are working on it) and less of a research area (meaning fewer papers get produced per work) because there's not much in the way of performance-per-gflop benchmarks or whatever.

CPU performance is good-ish when you're doing sequential stuff e.g it's not bad at old-school RNNs, but for image recognition using a cheap graphics unit is still going to be better, and if the question is "can I use cheaper hardware and get good performance" the answer is yes, you just have to do some tricks (e.g distillation).

Plenty of image recognition projects on the cheap raspberry pi and its graphics unit.
Are diesel’s days numbered? A view from a trip to BYD’s electric bus factory
ha! Yeah, I guess that's the secret -- just do something for a 10,000 hours and it comes naturally. But I still remember the learning process "X and Y index, what's that good for? and why do I need an accumulator? Stack? flags? Rotate?" but once I put that first pixel on the screen and made it move, I was hooked.

what's funny to me is the idea that a person can go do something else for 10 or 20 years (C, C++, DotNet, robotics) and barely touch a line of assembly, yet it's all still there waiting. Maybe it's because game development in 6502asm was at the start of my career and I was so passionate about it, but some things are just ingrained. Even stuff like favoring zero-page memory (the first 256 bytes of memory from $0000 to $00FF) because it can be accessed in one cycle instead of two like indexed, offset or direct access memory. Later, moving to the 68000 family felt like a high-level language (Multiply AND divide opcodes -- you mean I don't have to write a multiply routine?)

But having a asm background has ruined me in some ways. Learning C was straightforward enough, and the jump to C++ felt very natural. However, I find modern languages repulsively inefficient (e.g. Ruby) and struggle with functional programming (Lisp, Elixir). Python feels reminiscent to Applesoft BASIC so while I have to look up the syntax every time, it still feels normal.

somewhat related, since I'm rambling...

I recently read "Making 8-bit arcade games in C" by Steven Hugg and found it brought on a strong dose of nostalgia. It's a really ambitious book that attempts to give a feel for programming various 8bit game platforms, and covers some surprisingly advanced techniques and some basic stuff that schools may not event each any longer (two's complement, run-length encoding, interrupts, etc.). The book has some rough edges and wanders a bit but the good parts easily outweigh the defects. It achieves its aim of

Speaking of game programming -- how about meta-game programming? programming in a game.

I bought a game called TIS-100, and found it to be loads of fun in the same way a mechanic might buy a derelict car and restore it to new condition, or an EE might fiddle around with an old tube radio just for fun. The premise is that an uncle dies suddenly/disappears and leaves a prototype computer behind. Hidden in this computer are some signal processing circuits that hold a secret. You (the player) are tasked with restoring this prototype military computer to unlock the knowledge held within. Very simple, only a handful of opcodes, but it's a challenge and fun in a way I haven't felt since the 80s. Being forced to juggle a variable around on the stack or between indexes or the accumulator an only having a few bytes of storage requires a different type of thinking. Good stuff.

TIS100 definitely isn't for everyone and the challenge curve gets rather steep but once I "got it" it was one of those stay-up-all-night challenges. https://store.steampowered.com/app/370360/TIS100/

great review: https://blog.codinghorror.com/heres-the-programming-game-you...
> how this all happened?

Turkey elected a strongman. He used the state to buttress his own power. That made necessary, but politically-difficult decisions (like raising interest rates), impossible.

> Turkey has external debt but so on the US

Few Americans borrow in non-U.S. dollars. And the U.S. government only borrows in U.S. dollars. This works because the dollar works. Investors and exporters trust it to retain value.

The lira, on the other hand, isn't trusted. So when the Turkish government wants to borrow money, investors aren't willing to accept being paid back in lira. (And the government, in any case, needs hard currency to pay for imports. Because the people selling Turkey imports don't want to be paid in lira, either.)
Intelligence is hard to define. There's no scientific, widely-agreed-upon definition.

Even if there were, algorithm tests on whiteboards would be a poor test, because they also involve prior knowledge of the task and a very specific type of intelligence.

In my experience, social intelligence is a better predictor of success in any workplace, anyway.
I'd like to point out that "liberal" and "leftist" are not the same thing.

Yes, they're often used interchangeably in contemporary American politics, but the traditional usage remains. Free speech is absolutely a "liberal value" - and for what it's worth, that's coming from an extreme libertarian that is diametrically opposed to most of the Democratic platform.
Ooh boy, quantum mechanics is fun :-)

Think of the quantum vacuum as having a large number of degrees of freedom waiting to get excited by energy -- like a fleet of unused AWS instances in a system with very effective load balancing. The moment the load (roughly, energy) on the running instances (particle present in the system aka "quanta") increases beyond the threshold for creating a new one (aka rest mass of a new particle), a new instance is spontaneously created. Heating the system is akin to increasing the load on your system, and new instances will keep getting spun up.

Is there a limit on how many such particle instances can be created? If we neglect gravity, no -- you can just keep adding instances/quanta and never run out. (and how much ever energy you dump in, the system's temperature will not increase beyond the Hagedorn limit [2])

But if you stop ignoring gravity, the gravitational attraction between the spun up instances will keep increasing as you spin up more of them, eventually forming a black hole at some point (because you cannot squeeze in more than a certain amount of information in a given volume [1]). This is roughly where you wave your hands and and come up with heuristic explanations using Planck length, Planck mass, etc.

That's the limit of current understanding. Any refinement to this story would be a massive breakthrough!

PS: A relatively sobering (nonetheless exciting) possibility is that much before gravitational effects become important, your "effective field theory" proves insufficient to model the system, and you are led to a "more fundamental" model.

[1]: http://scholarpedia.org/article/Bekenstein-Hawking_entropy

[2]: A technical explanation of the Hagedorn limit: At finite temperature, the occupation probability of states is exponentially decaying with energy (i.e. energy divided by temperature gives the log-probability) [3]. But, if the degeneracy of high-energy states grows exponentially, then that could entropically compensate for the exponential decay of the occupation probability, to have more occupation at higher energies than lower energies! The transition point in this tradeoff is the Hagedorn limit. That is why, additional energy is more likely to create new particles/states than simply increase the per-particle energy of the existing ones.

[3]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maxwell%E2%80%93Boltzmann_stat...
There's a lot of people who call for jailing tobacco executives who peddled cigarettes despite knowing about the dangers. I don't agree with those folks, but it's not an "absurd" position to take.
Where is home? You've mentioned elsewhere that you couchsurf. That's pretty much just mooching off of someone else's largess. And without a permanent, private residence where do you keep things like a guitar or built models?

Being able to live "cash free" because you are able to stay with people who will let you crash rent free is more exploitative than savvy in my opinion.
> Aren't FPGA's used mostly to test/design a circuit that you would then go on to actually fabricate/build?

We use FPGAs in cell sorting because we need to make decisions off of high dimensional data with low latency. The cells moving through our system have velocities higher than 1 m/s. They flow past a set of lasers and wind up in a droplet less than a millisecond later so we need to make a decision whether or not to sort a droplet within that time frame. We don't use ASICs because we don't move enough volume to justify the startup cost.
The problem is its just like Youtube though right?

You build a gigantic audience on pirated content, then once you are many people's go-to destination for porn, you can allow the big companies to have official partnerships.

They are kind of stuck with that partnership because of the size of the Tube sites audience, which they built illegally. They also CONTINUE to post pirated content everyday, which sustains that audience and prevents those companies from just making their own TUBE site. But because the pirated content posted today will be from users, and the TUBE site will eventually take it down, the TUBE company is not a bad actor in this situation.

At the end of the day, I can still watch the newest Netflix Standup special I've been waiting for, for free on Youtube. And I'll still catch the new Adult Avenger's Parody on another TUBE site for free, without the consent of the companies that paid to create those films.
My personal belief is that he is well-aware but would rather scapegoat external "forces". The problem is that you can't really keep that ball in the air long enough to fix the underlying problem.
I have the same problem. I can't say my approach works or not because I am still trying.

My approach is to keep writing the basic algorithm, data structure, common questions again and again. Do it once every 2-3 weeks. When I know every part of them, then I can start twisting or go deeper.

I am not that top talent. Sometimes even a 0-based or 1-based array can bug me a while.
> t's shocking how few candidates actually got as far as solution

How many people in the real world sit around and practice dynamic programming questions all day?? The answer is ZERO!
Hey, thanks for the tip about `slop`. I'll update the post.
> 4. Boolean (Binary) Algebra

Doesn't exactly qualify as an algorithm.
Compromising online accounts by cracking voicemail systems
now I'm curious. What's the use case?
Get started with Go and WebAssembly
+1, I recommend FastMail's web client too if you like to manage your email and calendar using a browser. It's fast and snappy, has a clean interface (they have a couple of themes you can choose from), and it's pretty lightweight (for example, a gmail tab uses 195 MB for me while Fastmail's uses 51 MB).
It makes sense that you wouldn't see much trafficking in the porn space under the "don't film your crimes you moron" rule.
I've gone a bit further than that. You simply are. What you do is what you are choosing to do. In some ways, it is easy to see how you can be "defined" by what you do. But that is easily a distraction in many cases. Consider, few of us consider ourselves defined by how much we sleep.

In large, we are defined by what we define ourselves by. Sure, there are extreme cases where the world defines someone or something. But by and large, those are the exceptions.
Won't "printing more money" crash the value of the currency?
Sorry but I really don't understand how this applies to Grenfell. It's not like there were any major maintenance issues with the tower that were ignored by the council and ended up causing it to fall down. The problem was that some new cladding was installed which didn't follow safety regulations and thus compromised the (in principle adequate) fire safety provisions, and that turned a small flat fire into a disaster.
I think a more likely answer is a lot of successful lobbying by large crappy software companies. See also Oracle.
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> People who are net-negative on a team may be very personable and hence emotionally difficult to fire.

Those people are rare and generally caught by much lighter screening.

> And of course the U.S. does have a number of protected classes, who can be very difficult & expensive to fire for cause (because the assumption is that they were not fired for cause).

I don't think you are using "for cause" in the proper legal sense. Firing "for cause" is indeed an time-consuming and potentially expensive process because of the effects on things like unemployment benefits. Firing "without cause" is not, and is permissible in almost every state.

What you are describing are potential accusations of illegal discrimination. This is largely orthogonal to cause.
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A prostitute of sufficient quality and reputation may actually require payment ahead of time.
> I don't believe they actually predict a candidate's success in a company.

They often don't which is why they shouldn't be used.
I guess the best conversion of cosine similiarity to distance would of course be d(A,B) = arcCos(Cosine_similiarity(A,B)), i.e. the angle between the 2 directions, which would have the property that subdividing a geodesic arc and calculating the sum of distances along the subdivision results in the same distance as the start and end point.
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There was that British bridge, but it was suspension:

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Broughton_Suspension_Bridge

It is easy to see how a suspension bridge would resonate fairly easily. Also see the Tacoma Narrows bridge.
People will choose communications over very nearly all other services. Author and historian Shelby Foote makes note of this in his anthology Jefferson County, observing homes wired for telephone service before they had electricity, circa 1910.
In the sense that if you multiple infinity by an arbitrarily large finite number you still have infinity, yes.
You should definitely post this link here at hacker news once again. Just set title, something like “Brand new visual programming tool” and post it.
Xterm.js – A terminal front-end component written in JavaScript
`Function.bind` is a fairly poor match to partial application because A) it will not execute the function if you provide enough arguments and B) it also binds `this`, meaning you have to pass NULL or some other value every time you use it. https://ramdajs.com/docs/#curry would be a better option, as JS' metaprogramming features actually do somewhat support partial application.
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I would not call being a drug kingpin a nonviolent crime.
> The real question is: will I be able to retire on what little SS will provide

SS is a safety-net pension, not intended to be a good retirement on its own, only to mitigate (not even eliminate) poverty should other retirement arrangements fail.

So, yeah, unless your standards are really low, you don't be able to retire on it alone. But that's pretty much by design. It wasn't designed to replace employer pensions.
Easy loading of external css/js in React PWA and PawJS
I agree that regulation is a good idea. Throughout history, news and facts have always been provided to most people by groups with vested interests in controlling the prevailing narrative. It started in churches, moved to papers and has taken a lot of forms over the years. Moneyed parties have always used their resources to sell products, ideas, and agendas via these channels. Companies like Facebook are different because they allow near-universal access.

Facebook doesn't provide the information, they provide a platform and tools for anybody to be a publisher. Anything they can do to improve the platform is a good idea.

All this is to say: Facebook has done a great thing by bringing Randall and co. on board and should continue to bring new ideas and talent in, through whatever means they can.
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