skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
> What's the startup scene in Paris like?

There is a lively scene, at least for someone with my interests (data science, aka. applied statistics and machine learning), with lots of 'incubators' and related places where startups seem to congregate.

I have been to many events organised or sponsored by the Big Ones (Apple, Microsoft, Google), plus a myriad of smaller meetups and events sponsored by all sorts of companies and public sector organisations.

> How good does my French need to be?

Okay (B-) spoken French is enough to interact with most people, but you will need to understand spoken French much better (A, A+) than you speak it -- it will make your day _much_ less tiresome.

Note that I would say the same about, say, German if you were to move to Germany or Austria. There are only few countries in Europe where English is spoken by such a large fraction of the population that you can almost do without the local language.

> Are there any languages/platforms/etc. […]

I do not know.

Re: other posts ---

Re: wages, it depends on how much you decide to spend on rent. If both you and your wife are working, you will be fine, and will be able to afford a well-above-median lifestyle, assuming that you are not currently in debt and that the IRS won't strip you of all your assets if you return home.

Re: pollution, again, it depends on where you will settle. I would never, ever raise a child in Paris. As for myself, I tend to worry more about noise than pollution, and noise can be awful depending on your street + windows.

(The other significant environmental issue is urban density and parks, or lack thereof.)

Re: food, I was in the USA earlier this year (near Phillie), spending $40 on every trip to the organic food supermarket nearby. The cheapest grocery store in my street has better stuff for at least 4 times less.

Bio note -- I live and work in Paris as well as in Lille (Northern France, near Belgium). I work in a French/English bilingual environment, which is rather exceptional in my sector (higher ed).

Meta-note -- Some comments in this thread speak with comically high confidence of a country that their authors have very obviously not visited, except perhaps for the few square miles in central Paris that exist almost only for Chinese and US/UK tourists.
To minimize latency, Ultralight runs on the main thread, single-process, and outputs to raw virtual GPU command buffers for consumption by the user. I worked in game engines before so I'm familiar first hand with responsiveness as a design goal.
Pagedraw's working on it! First a UI builder where you draw in position:absolute and get clean flexbox React out, later an integrated platform with answers all the way to the backend
> But in this case, they are hurting their users far more than they are helping.

How could you possibly make an assertion like this without knowing why they made said choice[1]? Per the article, they didn't do it for fun, or to avoid exceptions (as you point out, more like defer exceptions). FTA:

> As I understand it, it’s because Pony forces you to handle all partial functions. Defining 1/0 is a “lesser evil” consequence of that.

Do you know enough about Pony's language design and decision process to support your claim that this decision (and all its second-order consequences) is hurting users far more than helping them?

[1] On the off chance that you are familiar with the tradeoffs Pony made and do know what you're talking about: care to clarify?
also "psychosis" could be better defined. The visuospatial perceptual+ memory errors of an Alzheimer's patient probably very different neurophysiology from hallucinatory phenomena of a schizophrenia patient, for example
If you have a cake and divided it in zero parts, where did the cake go ?
FWIW the EEL2 language (part of https://www.cockos.com/wdl/ and what powers REAPER's JSFX audio, video processors, etc) also makes this design decision...
He's not saying that it breaks; quite the opposite, he repeatedly states that 0⁻ doesn't exist. He's just defining division in a specific way.

The MI property states that every element except 0 has a multiplicative inverse. He's defining division via two cases: If b≠0, then a/b = a*b⁻ (multiplicative inverse). If b=0, then a/b=0. This definition does not imply that 0⁻ exists, so there's no violation of MI.
My comment from when this came up on Reddit, slightly edited for context:

`/`-by-0 is just an operation and it tautologically has the semantics assigned to it. The question is whether the specific behaviour will cause bugs, and on glance that doesn't sound like it would be the case.

Principally, division is normally (best guess) used in cases where the divisor obviously cannot be zero; cases like division by constants are very common, for example. The second most common usage (also best guess) is to extract a property from an aggregate, like `average = sum / count` or `elem_size = total_size / count`. In these cases the result is either a seemingly sane default (`average = 0` with no elements, `matrix_width = 0` when zero-height) or a value that is never used (eg. `elem_size` only ever used inside a loop iterated zero times).

It seems unlikely to me that `/` being a natural extension of division that includes division by zero would be nontrivially error-prone. Even when it does go wrong, Pony is strongly actor-based, has no shared mutability and permits no unhandled cascading failures, so such an event would very likely be gracefully handled anyway, since even mere indexing requires visible error paths. This nothing-ever-fails aspect to Pony is fairly unique (Haskell and Rust are well known for harsh compilers, but by no means avoid throwing entirely), but it gives a lot more passive safety here. This honestly doesn't seem like a bad choice to me.
> 1 / 0 == 0 is about the same as 1 / 0 == 3

Sure, and both are bad.

> To avoid this just don't do 1 / 0 in your program.

If you're going to avoid doing it, better to have it throw an exception if you do it by accident.
This should not be getting downvoted. The author of the article made an incorrect refutation of this point under the "Objections" heading. Division by 0 in fields is undefined precisely because it leads to contradictions like this. The full statement of a proof that 1/0 = 0 includes the temporary assumption that you have defined division by 0 such that it is no longer undefined.

You can't logically refute that proof by saying, "well no, you have yet to define division by 0 according to the field axioms, so you can't use that division as part of your proof." That's the point! The proof does not demonstrate that division by 0 results in 1, it demonstrates that you cannot define division by 0 while maintaining the algebraic structure of a field.

If the author wants to talk about defining division by 0 in wheels or something esoteric they're more than welcome to. But among fields, and among the real numbers, it's not possible. This whole exercise of trying to refute what has been commonly accepted for over a century is frankly ridiculous for trying to justify undefined behavior in a programming language.
What the world really needs: "1/0 = 0" in production build, "1/0 throws error" in development build...
This echoes my experience exactly. I use Syncthing for all the documents I don't need a web UI for or that I don't need accessible on mobile (only between computers), such as my ebooks, PDFs, things like that, and Nextcloud for everything else.
The Mechanics of Deception
Why are you suddenly confining yourself to NYC? America is a lot larger than that. Your contention was "America," not NYC.
but with floating point units, 1.0/0.0 is infinity.
Correct, good guess. :)
You can disable SMS on Fastmail after you enable 2FA. I had asked their support, and IIRC the trick is to hold down CTRL when you're on the settings page, which will enable the "Disable SMS" option.

This was years ago, so YMMV.
Yes, exactly, I have no idea why you're being downvoted.
I should have said can hide fragmentation.
That says the LHC found it, not the LEP.
Practically, it's quite common to not immediately know the divisor. In cases where the divisor is initially unknown but takes an imperceptible amount of time to compute it's better to render 0%. Otherwise you might get a flash of a full progress bar (for example) while the divisor is determined.

Of course, it's context dependent. As others mention, your code might be full of stuff like X / (divisor || 1).
In my view lambda calculus is a perfect match for AIT since the language is both so simple and so expressive. This should be readily apparent from the concise self-interpreter. The versions of AIT that you've seen based on TMs probably didn't have any explicit constants because determining them would be much too cumbersome. Chaitin was the first to prove theorems in AIT with actual programs and he resorted to LISP. I'm positioning lambda calculus as an even better choice.
Any scale that only uses hue is terrible, no matter how many intermediate steps. Scales that only accidentally utilize luminance (due to human vision being most sensitive to green, then red, and by far the least sensitive to blue) are only marginally better. Indeed, the rainbow scale is atrocious also due to the perceptually most luminous color being somewhere in the middle of the range, so people with red-green deficiency cannot even easily use luminance cues to make sense of the data. Not even mentioning the fact that human vision is simply much better at distinguishing luminance differences than hue differences.
why would you call a technique for constructing prime order elliptic curve groups ristretto, which is itself a technique for an entirely different industry for producing less bitter espresso shots?

it's not a startup and it's not a side project. Give it a real, original name.
That's pretty cool. There's a lot that a couple of us on the Pony core team like about Julia from our limited knowledge. I'll have to look into that more.
> But is Pony doing something unsound? Absolutely not. It is totally fine to define 1/0 = 0. Nothing breaks and you can’t prove something false. Everybody who was making fun of Pony programmers for being ‘bad at math’ doesn’t actually understand the math behind it.

This is playing semantic games. A whole lot does break: / no longer has its usual properties, and if you use those usual properties you can certainly prove false things. It's no different from saying that it's totally fine to define 2 + 2 = 5 and nothing breaks, you then just have to say that 5 isn't the arithmetic successor of 4 any more.
In calculus you're supposed to learn that y/0 with y != 0 is "undefined" (±Inf with limit expressions), while 0/0 is "indeterminate" (can construct any value using a limit expression that contains x/x with x -> 0).
You should check out lit-html+LitElement.

It's standards Web Components from the get-go - you don't write to a non-standard API and then compile it out like with Vue, you just use the standard connectedCallback(), disconnectedCallback(), etc

lit-html is standard JS, with all the flexibility of a non-standard syntax extension like JSX, but without a compiler. Templates are expressions, can be passed to higher-order functions, and use JavaScript for control-flow.

It's all ES modules, published to npm as ES modules, and loadable directly from CDNs like unpkg.com into all modern browsers.

No CLI or custom tools needed, but also works with all the tools our there.

Edit, link: https://github.com/Polymer/lit-element
The History of WordPress
So the search for Grand Unified Theory might be waiting for Godot?
CERN is the home of the World Wide Web, so, you know, why not?
The Memory Sinkhole – Unleashing an X86 Flaw Allowing Privilege Escalation
On a 32bit process that is easily achieved and also if the virtual memory has been fragmented.

I've encountered many situations where malloc will return null in real world applications. Some of which we really wanted to handle that scenario and fail gracefully or continue with less memory usage (and thus less performance).
The initial intent was not nefarious, the execution was incompetent, the cover up of the incompetence was nefarious. That's not the same as saying the ATF torched the place to the ground, which isn't backed up by anything...and that's what McVeigh believed.
Well I'm not a grad student, but my grad students were happy to switch, too. :) I think you are ignoring the structural reasons why Python has to lead to silos, and that these reasons are addressed in Julia. But in the end, time will tell.
How does an insecure second factor affect the security of the original factor?

EDIT: apparently the OP meant SMS password reset without requiring the second factor, not SMS 2FA. Of course that's terrible.
Sometimes it's not about assuming something is stable, but rather finding a workaround you need and hoping it lasts.
No, it not being anything like the definition of censorship means it's not censorship.

None of the materials involved are banned or removed. They are simply only available legally, and not illegally. There isn't even any particular hardship in accessing them.

That's not censorship by any normal definition of censorship.

It would be if the materials themselves were no longer available.
> I’m sure most people have a pretty good idea exercise can help with mental health. I think the next thing that needs to happen is a broader awareness of just how effective exercise can be,

First step would be "get some evidence it does anything at all". We're not even at that point yet.

Almost everyone in this thread talking about exercise as a treatment for depression is failing to correct for cuasality, or for sponteneous remission.

> (you can’t use exercise to help with your depression if you don’t recognize you’re depressed)

More like you can't use exercise to treat depression because it doesn't work. There's no clear difference between treating depression with nothing or treating it with exercise.

And so we end up with a group of people being given bad advice, trying to follow it, and then when it doesn't work (because it won't work for most of them) being blamed for doing the wrong type of exercise or not doing enough.
This quote from http://erights.org/e/StateSerialization.html has always stuck in my mind:

Do you, Programmer, take this Object to be part of the persistent state of your application, to have and to hold, through maintenance and iterations, for past and future versions, as long as the application shall live?

- Erm, can I get back to you on that?
Nature Comm is one of the most well known journals you know, especially out of the Nature journals that they publish...

And yes, the processing charge is exorbitant, because it's Nature Comm and they can demand that. Publishing is a mess, but don't doubt Nature Comm of all journals, especially ones affiliated with the Nature, aren't "reliable" judging solely on reputation.
I read your comment, looked at the link, and made the same mistake before realizing what you had just said.
SSL cert error
I think you’ll find that extremely annoying in programs that do ‘real’ calculations. The compiler will rarely be able to prove that a divisor is non-zero, so you will have to add lots of code to handle edge cases. That can be worth it if you are writing robust numerical code, but I doubt even those writing numerical software libraries would want to handle each edge case.

Worse, division by zero is just the tip of the iceberg. There’s overflow and underflow (which both can happen with addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division) and invalid operations (0/0, √-1, arcsin(2), etc), and you might even want to extend this to detect inexact computations (e.g. to properly report whether you are sure a later division by zero actually is a division by zero)

IEE754 ‘won’ because it is relatively simple to use and many times good enough for real use.
I spent about a week trying to play Dota2 on my macbook pro a couple years ago (I've played on Windows desktop for years), and I was very put-off by the mouse acceleration profile with my Magic Mouse. I tried tweaking it, but couldn't get it to feel like it did with my Logitech mouse on Windows.

It wasn't about dpi or speed. I would constantly find myself trying to rapidly aim-click on something and have my cursor stop just short of the target. The cursor felt _heavy_ and stuck like it didn't move as easily.
Group A will always find some way to define the change as them losing a "right". E.g. in the US if you propose to extend the right to life that born people currently enjoy to the unborn, many born people will claim this is a violation of their rights.
One more Brazilian here to confirm the stereotypes.

I always think photographers are like heroes for the audacity to go out with good cameras in hand all the time.
It’s pretty clearly D2-like receptors being overexcited, at least as far as cause and effect. Hence psychotic symptoms in stimulant users and a remission of psychosis in schizophrenic patients when on D2-blocking drugs.
Psychosis resulting from meth withdrawal has always suggested to me that it is an under-connected problem because presumably what happens during withdrawal is widespread "disconnection" resulting from a large decrease in synaptic sensitivity (caused by a flood of neurotransmitter, meth) and a steep drop in neurotransmitter activity once the meth is gone.
Late edit to clarify: the argument that they "deserve" their original sentence doesn't hold water once you start offering to commute the sentence in exchange for work. At that point the deciding factor in how long someone is in jail is whether they work, and that is force.

To go further, this has perverse incentives in that jailing people provides a source of cheap labor. But that's not what I was talking about specifically.
Well, except for kernel panics and hardware errors...
I expect that most people miss that ATM manufacturers continue to put security holes in ATMs (https://www.wired.com/2014/11/nashville/) one of the 'fixes' was to make bank access unprivileged. But wait, if I have an escalation vulnerability ...
"Mathematics does not give us truths, it gives us consequences."

I'd like to point out that, as I stated in another comment in this thread, the author's supposed refutation of the inconsistency inherent in division by zero within fields is incorrect. Their refutation is as follows:

The problem is in step (3): our division theorem is only valid for c ≠ 0, so you can’t go from 1/0 0 to 1 * 0/0. The “denominator is nonzero” clause prevents us from taking our definition and reaching this contradiction.*

This is a strawman, and it's not the way a formal proof that division by zero in fields is undefined would proceed. First and foremost, the conceptual purpose of the proof is to demonstrate that you cannot define division by zero while still retaining the algebraic structure of a field. Trying to refute this point by stating that the proof cannot make use of division by 0 is begging the question. The whole point is that the proof shows you any way you define division by 0 is going to compromise your definition of a field, or it's going to make fields with nonzero elements impossible.

What the author provided is a very contrived strawman for refutation that belies the actual point. You can define division by zero if you'd like, by using wheels, or extended number systems based on fields (i.e. positive and negativie infinities in the extended Real number system), but you cannot do it using fields. In fact, the modern, axiomatic definition of a field explicitly excludes the unit 0 from the otherwise sane rules of multiplicative inverses.

More generally, I'd like to make a couple of observations from both a philosophical and a practical standpoint. First, mathematics does not give us true statements about the world, it gives us consequences that must follow if we accept various axioms or definitions. You can define division by 0 if you'd like, and you can even do so in a sane and useful way. But you will not have a field. But much more importantly, it's conceptually unsound to base an argument about the practical, programmatic behavior of an undefined operation based on imperfect arguments about abstract mathematics. Technically speaking, computers don't even deal with real numbers. If you find yourself mounting a defense of your programming language's behavior by running through the first lecture of a real analysis or linear algebra course, something has gone very wrong with your enterprise.
You are correct. But it really should be NaN, since 1/ε is positive infinity, whereas 1/-ε is negative infinity.

Oh well :)
You don't know my use case, and you are not right. I have a network of heterogeneous interacting nodes with quite different dynamics on the nodes. I pay great attention to YAGNI, and constantly tell my students and colleagues to cut enerality and work from the specific case outward. But this is just essential complexity of the problem domain. I've spent years implementing the concrete cases, I know what research we couldn't and didn't do because it was to painful to do by hand, and this is the minimum level of generality I can get away with.

I have ideas for a more general library of course, :P But I'm not spending time on them.
I wouldn't say that. D is more of a response to c++ and java than to c.
Show HN: The California Fires, Mapped
What about I64.min_value() / (-1)? Why does that give 0? If you're doing wrap-around arithmetic it should give I64.min_value().

https://tio.run/##K8jPq/z/PzG5JL9IwTcxM49LAQjyUssVkotSE0tSNV...
This might be one: Instead of rational numbers, call them "[integer-]ratio numbers" -- they're the numbers that can be expressed as a ratio of integers.

When you call them rational numbers, it sounds like you're saying they're the only numbers that are "smart" or that "make sense" -- the connection to ratios is obscured.
Agree, never had any problem. People just can’t be bothered to learn
Show HN: BugReport an android game
I loved OCaml as well but the lack of libraries pushed me to another ML variant: F# on .net platform. With .net core and F# tooling around it gradually maturing, it is a solid cross-platform functional language.
If that works for you, great! But just because you’re not the target audience doesn’t mean it’s silly.

I just have a simple site, but I know I don’t want to write my content in HTML. I just want to write it in Markdown and be on my way. Having yaml frontmatter for metadata and markdown for the body let’s me keep my content separate from my templates.

On the other end of the spectrum are larger organizations like Borisfx.com building large multimedia static sites. Or hell, look at the Forestry.io website and then tell me a few simple templates made by hand would suffice.
How does a wooden screen door on the back of your bank vault affect the security of the vault door?
I always serialize in the morning, unless I'm running late.
CxJS is designed having desktop-like, data-intensive applications in mind and offers a full set of UI components and charts out of the box.
https://cxjs.io

Disclaimer: I'm the author.
Yes and no. I think the OP is looking for a strongly typed language where you can’t do any operation on that sum type, forcing you to check results after every operation.
And then those Java developers have to try to interface their code to Jenkins to get it to do CI, and the sysadmins have to deal with the Java guys who just click on the "Run" button in Eclipse and don't know basic things like what directory the code needs to execute from.

Don't get me wrong, those Java developers can be great guys, but when the GUI-only people have to interact with the CLI for the first time, all sorts of problems can manifest themselves.
Well, at least now your know that there is an alternative. For a Rust ecosystem project, really, there shouldn't be a need to use MoltenVK.
Strange thing is, this also works with React.

https://github.com/kay-is/react-from-zero
Windows 10 Preview Build 18214 Is Now Available with One New Feature
I think Serialization and associated changes in APIs is my #1 headache for software development. The problem is with all the new auto magic frameworks now it seems to be getting worse not better. Anyone got any solutions?