skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Ultimately, either way it will create a new competition which will push the hand of the legal market to adapt to being undercut. In that sense it's not simply just the individual benefiting at expense of the wider society but potentially the catalyst which benefits the whole market (even non-black market buyers).

There is no reason why Epipens cost $300 other than the fact the FDA has a huge backlog [1] and other regulatory constraints. There are plenty of companies chomping at the bit to deliver that medication for cheaper.

Like you said, this alternative is less than ideal, these hackers weren't driven to this just for fun - it was born out of what they saw as a lack of other options, a necessity (same with their 'customers' who were pushed to the shadier/riskier option). This necessity is generated when the primary market is not delivering value properly/efficiently, creating a demand for it.

The more free the legal market, the more the black market will be far less lucrative. The same applies to drugs and many other markets which artificial controls/limitations.

This all must be factored into the balances of costs measured against the externalities it imposes on society. It's riskier than pure top-down/government intervention but sometimes it's a necessary risk when that option continually fails to reform/change and nothing else pushes the hand of the gov/industry to adapt.

Sure you could blame the black market, but the simpler solution would be to fix the original problem which caused the black market to exist.

[1] http://slatestarcodex.com/2016/08/29/reverse-voxsplaining-dr...
> It's why we can have every rational reason to not eat the cookie, and zero rational reason to eat it (we're not hungry and we rationally know it's in our best interest to lose weight)... and then we eat it anyways. We can't give any rational explanation for why we ate it... it just comes down to, in the end, I wanted to due to emotional factors I can only hypothesize in hindsight.

I don't really think this is as a convincing example as a lot of people think. It has less to do with people having no control and more with people not understanding what "rational" is.

You eat the cookie because you do not, in reality, think eating the cookie is that much of a problem. The issue is that you likely have 5 other layers sitting trying to convince you that you don't want the cookie, because you're trying to fit in with society or whatever.

If you really didn't want to eat the cookie, you wouldn't.

The problem is that the average reason a person has for not eating a cookie is very unconvincing. It's often something along the lines of "well, people, somewhere, think I shouldn't eat too many cookies". "Cookies are unhealthy" also doesn't register, it's too broad. If someone told you the cookie was poisoned with cyanide, trust me, you wouldn't eat it.

It really doesn't have /that/ much to do with raw emotion, except in so far as emotion is composed from values, and your values don't care about eating cookies that much at the end of the day.
If the first 6 digits make up the issuer, since there are only 10 remaining digits, wouldn't that mean there are only 10^10 numbers per issuer? Where's the other factor of 100 coming from (IIRC, OP said there were 10^12)?

> My guess is the credit card itself as a concept will be long gone before the numbers are all used up.

I agree. Products like "privacy.com" hint that we could be approaching a "new number per purchase" meta. Even in that edge-case, if one million issuers get to have 10 billion numbers each, that would leave tens of concurrent purchases per person per issuer for an issuer with a billion users. A monopoly-level media site that lets you open a paid-subscription to multiple people could easily end up needing tens of concurrent cards per user. It seems like issuer-to-issuer number recycling would be required for sure.
Why financial planning is an essential part of a business growth?
Distributing the weights seems to be the safest method, something I'll have to look into a bit more. It's a bit disturbing that training with the same data and same parameters could lead to different weights and therefore different accuracies but it's better to know that this is the case than not.
I agree with almost everything you said, except that RSS was never as popular as Twitter is now. Copying and pasting a URL is too technical, and Live Bookmarks were the wrong UX all around. Mailing lists are still more popular than RSS ever was.

In retrospect, if Firefox had used a New Tab Page with an RSS driven feed like what they do with Pocket now, we'd probably still be using it today. Too bad 2005 Mozilla didn't have UX designers calling the shots.
Well, they caught someone. Possibly the actual culprits, but maybe not. Outside of prison, there are mules who agree to, under pressure or otherwise, receive stolen funds, knowing (probably) that they'll be caught. These are "lifestyle" criminals and addicts for whom being in prison is just a fact of life, or people who have found themselves in debt to e.g. organized crime.
It's a Vice article. Read it for the sensation, not the facts.
Stanford – AI: Current and Future Paradigms and Implications
You have to keep in mind that just because there are some impurities, it is automatically dangerous. Compare the risk of not having an epi pen available when needed to the cost of keeping one stocked if you are not particularily high-risk, and you see that it doesn't make sense for the unnecessarily expensive ones. If they were cheap enough I'd keep some stocked to have handy when handlign potentially allergenic substances, just in case I happen to actually be allergic. But this <5% chance of having an allergic reaction of significance, and then figuring that only a small part is life-threatening, as well as the cost of one's live, and setting this agains the cost of keeping stock (it goes bad), it doesn't work out....
I usually bring a pair of bone conduction transducers, similar to the ones found in the Google Glass product. They allow me to communicate with my dining partner at a normal volume. The downside is that you hear more eating noises (chewing, etc) but you get used to that.
The French would lose their mind if they read your comment. It seems like France has a very strong linguistic inferiority complex compared to all other EU countries. English proficiency in France is among the lowest in the EU.

I blame mandatory dubbing. I found it very difficult to find English movies in English, while in countries where subtitling is standard, English proficiency is higher.
Let's ask a question : How did Google defeat another giant - Microsoft - in 2 major markets where Microsoft had a head start and deep pockets? How did Chrome beat IE, and how did Android beat the several generations of Windows Mobile and Windows Phone?

Clearly Microsoft had no dearth of talent or money. So how come it could not keep Google at bay? In my view the answer lies in the fact that Google's engineering led culture meant they could follow a release cadence that is unheard of for such large systems. Chrome was releasing every 6 weeks, and Android every 3-6 months or so in the early days. Meanwhile we had 1.5 - 2 years between each Windows Phone release.

When Chrome started, IE had nearly 70% market share and the benefit of being deployed on nearly every computer on earth. Microsoft was in the mobile phone market from 2000. In 2011, IDC predicted Windows Phone would overtake the iPhone. Both Google and Microsoft were taken aback by the iPhone, but Google was able to turn on a dime, Microsoft was not. Google achievement has been to stay agile even as it grew big - in my view this remains the secret to their success.
Writing release notes for a very active project is pretty hard and time consuming. I can understand why large companies simply say "Bug fixes and improvements" instead of "14 A/B tests that help us understand what to build"

I write release notes for Figma and it definitely takes a lot of time, is not perfect, and becoming increasingly challenging.
That would be fine, too, and reflects in part what MTA-STS is trying to do.

A point that may be obvious, but I would like to make explicit, is that unlike on web, end-users have no good way to express whether they prefer security over deliverability on a connection, which makes downgrade attacks more difficult to deal with. Everyone defaults to preferring deliverablity (falling back to plaintext). In the absence of user intent, it's more important for an email sender to know the recipient mailserver's intent: what level of security should they expect? This can be achieved at varying degrees through DANE, MTA-STS, or a "HSTS Preload List" equivalent for email, but there is currently no reliably deployed standard for this.

(edit: something I forgot to mention: of course, you'd have to trust the initial DNS lookup as well)
Seeing this my first thought was "Oh cool, so you format your git commit messages in a certain way, and then this tool will automatically generate changelogs for you."

... but it wasn't that (rather, just good arguments and suggestions).

And now I'm wondering if my first thought is a thing? And if so, how it has worked out for users.
This article just teases interesting details. I want to see a simulator I can play with an move and rotate in 3d.
It's a bit annoying to document every single bugfix in a changelog too, though. At least I don't want to read dozens of lines like

- Fixed flickering lower-right pixel when hovering over close button with a stylus on devices with more than 300 % UI scaling applied.

- Fixed alignment issue in About dialog.

- Improved help text for Gizmo frobbing feature.

To me a changelog should prominently document changes in function and behaviour. I don't particularly care if an exception message got a typo fixed, but I do care about a new feature, if a login problem for a subset of users has been resolved or a crash under weird circumstances has been fixed.
The money has to be made somewhere.
Okay, fine -- but why couldn't you just derive a changelog from version-change commits which are meant for summarizing high-level changes in the version being committed? That way, you don't keep multiple sources of truth for version change information, while still benefiting from keeping a concise changelog without unnecessary commits in it.
Your Google translation is no good. Sets is an English word, and it would be associative (feminine form). That being said, the reason I, as a French speaker working in tech/research, prefer to discuss tech in English, is because:

1. There is always new terminology being invented in conferences or bleeding edge R&D. There is no official translation for most of these terms. You could translate them, but most people wouldn't be quite sure what you mean.

2. Anything I write in English is immediately accessible to 20x more people. Writing about tech in French means sacrificing most of my audience. English really is the lingua franca of tech.

It doesn't bother me at all, even though it's not my native language. The world needs a lingua franca (of tech and everything else), and English fits the bill quite well. It's much less overcomplicated than many other languages. I make many more grammar mistakes in French, because French grammar is full of arbitrary nonsensical rules. No thanks.
I wrote github-release-notes to help me stop being lazy about releases. It generates a log based on github PRs. It's not a perfect solution, but it's a place to start, and helps track down the work done and the comments made so I can start writing better notes. A lot of times, the first comment of a PR is a great source of information about a change made (what, why, caveats, etc).

[1] https://github.com/buchanae/github-release-notes
Right. So we have no idea what consciousness is, or how it works, or where it comes from, but yet we can deduce that there is no such thing as unconscious thought?
I think (a good) changelog is especially important when it comes to closed-source software where you don’t have the opportunity to downgrade easily (from Windows software to mobile applications).

For example if you visit the App Store now, you’ll see the many app developers, especially the big ones such as Twitter, Facebook etc., are using the same changelog entry for every, single, update: “Thanks for using X! To make our app better for you, we bring updates to the App Store regularly.” The problem is, this doesn’t tell me anything about what to expect. No, I see that I shouldn’t have anything to worry about because the new features are throughly UX-tested, and as an app end user there is not much to consider anyway (it’s not a framework I’m using in production, right?).

The problem is, the changelog matters when Facebook removes messaging functionality to push its users to their new app for some for-profit reason. Changelog matters when your favourite app which has been free for the past couple years have decided that it’s monetisable now and there are intermittent ads in your feed. It matters when they think you don’t need a functionality anymore and proceed to remove it, but you actually do.

I think changelog should be enforced far, far more strictly for closed-source software, and especially for those on App Store and Play Store.
Not quite a change log but something we've found useful with our clients is https://shippingreport.com
It uses PR messages to make a report of what changed.
If your PR messages are nice (we use animated gifs to demo changes) then you end up with some really nice reports.
In Persian, "orange" as a fruit is also "portaghal". But the color is "narenji". And then there's another citrus fruit quite close to the orange called a "narenj", that you can't usually find in the West.

Interestingly, nobody eats the "narenj" directly. They usually squeeze its juice on a fish dish. It gives it a very nice flavour.
People have created million and a half tools to tackle this problem. Just look at the issues and you'll find a ton: https://github.com/olivierlacan/keep-a-changelog/issues?utf8...

I've tried to refrain from endorsing tools because I feel like they risk making it easy to avoid doing what I actually encourage: curating the notable changes for a release with your mushy human brain for other mushy human brains.

I know it's hard, but perhaps it's a good constraint.

The idea that you will have the forethought of knowing when writing a commit that it'll be one of the notable entries in your future changelog seems a bit far-fetched to me. And as I tried to explain, the purpose of a commit is not the same as the purpose of a changelog entry, so there's definitely tension in the re-use of copy there.

I get the instinct to automate everything. I'm just not sure this is something that should be automated. Now, an assistive tool to help maintainers review commits for missing notable changes within a changelog, that's something I could get behind.
2018 Deloitte Millennial Survey [pdf]
Occitan is all over the place in the South of France. Even city signs are in both French and Occitan. In some towns, even the street signs are bilingual, though I actually never heard anyone actually speak it. I was determined to learn it when I lived in Avignon, but I couldn’t find anyone to actually use it with! I had much more luck with just focusing on the southern French accent instead. My kids speak with a distinctive Avignonaise accent, saying “le pang” instead of “le pain” for instance. But to your point Occitan is apparently being taught in French schools in the South, but I think it’s an elective if I remember correctly.
Using configurations that provide redundancy is quite trivial. Also, what is the point of having several nines of SLA on a mailserver? Emails get retried a number of times before they are considered undeliverable.
Intel's yields at 14nm++++++++++ are exceptional now. We'll see how TSMC's 7nm holds up though. They're still using DUV lithography with boatloads of multipatterning. Intel's 10nm is running into issues due to that, I'm curious what TSMC is doing correctly. They might just be saying they have good enough yields at 7nm and be totally full of shit. One thing about Intel's scale is they have to acutally get it right before they can say they're successful at it.
All this is new territory, mind you. This is why older traditional/value investors like Buffett don't dabble in tech. The PE ratios are through the roof and we don't know what it will mean once we start seeing these companies truly decline.
> "Sure, everyone thinks you're a tech company or a search company or whatever - but Google is an advertising company, and thats it. All the other stuff distracts from the fact that youre just the most profitable ad company."

That is pretty much the most anti-google culture perspective statement you could have said. If there was ever an argument for culture fit, this is it.
Same with the 400/20 in Manhattan. Mind you, I’m probably a sports whale (cable bill is > $200), but I don’t have any service complaints. Also, my “Spectrum plan” is cheaper the my old “TWC plan”. Honestly, if Charter sold the rest of the state and kept NYC I would be okay with that.
Cathay Pacific completes trials for next-generation track and trace
Xiaomi mi 8 explorer edition in chaina 30 july laounch kitni hai price
Thanks for the plug. The same developer at EFF is working on both STARTTLS Everywhere and Certbot Postfix integration. :-)

(Anyway, the most significant difference between the two is that STARTTLS Everywhere can also enforce certificate validation on recipient sites that request it, which Postfix won't otherwise do.)
I love Korea, but it is literally the most racist and nationalistic place I have ever been. Japan might be just as racist, but in my experience, they are exceptionally polite about it.
OK I'll bite. In what sense is post-modernism not bullshit? What has it ever done to actually increase practical human knowledge, improve standards of living, or create a better society?

Humanities and social sciences in general have created a lot of value, but post-modernism appears to be uniquely worthless due to never actually making any progress. Just a lot of empty pontificating and spinning in circles.
That's kind of a poor reply. "Sometimes things have unintended consequences". And a link to a book that says that technology alone won't save the environment, more things will be needed.
> if you walk down the road you are thinking unconsciously

I think this statement makes the same error as the article, just in reverse: making a very strong claim that's impossible to prove.

I don't think walking uses "thinking". That sounds incredibly inefficient. Wouldn't unconscious thinking be slow, just as conscious thinking? If not, why not? Wouldn't the body be better off using its short-circuited system, as opposed to thinking through it?

And consider animals whose brains are not very large or known for their mental ability, yet who are very good at body kinematics. I'm inclined to think these are not related at all. The body likely uses some short-circuited system for kinematics, similar to how spiders' legs work, just more advanced. If we figured out how such a system works, we'd be able to build very good robots, but right now we try to make our robots think about how to control each individual part of their limb, so it's cludgey, slow, and inaccurate.

> but surely you would think very hard about where to put your limbs if you were to walk through a minefield, etc.

I'm not thinking of how to put my limbs there, only where to put them, which is a very different task from actually putting them there.
actually even the english way is quite cumbersome

languages like sanskrit and chinese which have built in word generators and preserved root meanings are much better and able to stand independently

not surprisingly indians and chinese have been better able to resist westernization

imo chinese is a very tech friendly language and has a good shot at becoming the lingua franca of tech in the near future

currently the chinese focus on science and innovation is fake and forced but could turn real in the next generation
No, but strictly oral works are not very accessible unless someone writes them down. (Or, I suppose, records them.)
Couldn't agree more. It's been heartbreaking to see the spread of those rote changelog entries on iOS specifically.

Although, meanwhile, large companies like Apple and Google have started including surprisingly high-level and compelling release notes or changelogs to end-users in things like Chrome and Keynote.

Smaller shops like Transit, Halide, Darkroom, and many others are going the opposite direction of Twitter and Facebook by offering very detailed and compelling (although sometimes a little too over the top) changelogs for their major releases.

One thing I wish people did more, and I feel like I should carve out a section about this on Keep a Changelog: explain exactly what bugs were fixed. I know discrete updaters are becoming more rare with auto-updates, but seeing a specific bug that affected you specifically squashed in a release is perhaps one of the greatest values of changelogs, especially in the case of open source software but also with closed source apps.
“local governments have made it hard to build housing”
“self inflicted shortage”
“restrictive zoning”
“local councils get involved that can file endless appeals”
“Governments create a housing shortage”

^
Real Issue

#TechCafeterias

^
Fake Issue
You are totally right. Even at restaurants that are usually quiet a group of more than four people in the room is frequently all that's needed to make the entire place loud. It seems especially bad with groups that are entirely made up of one gender.
I think it's pretty irresponsible to throw a handful of pills with nasty side effects into a crowd.
Wikipedia identifies that fruit as

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitter_orange

I don't know if I've ever had it or not!

Edit: corresponding Farsi Wikipedia link: https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%AC
This is a reply.
"roman dominion over the channel"

Do you mean how the Normans conquered and ruled England after the invasion of 1066? Lots of foreign words come into a language when your rulers speak another language. Often the conquered populations are completely converted to the ruling people language.
some people are so earnest to cast aside or denigrate their culture in a display of cosmopolitan/xenophilic signaling.
I’m not saying that at all. But that is exactly the message affirmative action sends to applicants. In general they are both sexist and racist, even to those they supposedly benefit.

What I said was that even with systemic advantages put in place encouraging women and minorities (excluding Asians of course, because for some reason they don’t count) to join stem courses, they still show a statistically significant preference to do other majors.

If you think I have a negative attitude towards any group, it’s not because of anything I’ve said. If I had to guess, I’d say that’s probably just the reaction you have to people when you can’t engage in rational discussion on this topic.
One of the reasons these big ones don’t use a proper changelog is because new, and deprecated, features are controlled by dynamic feature toggles as opposed to what version of the app you are running. Of course, new version adds support for new toggles (features) but that is not a guarantee that they will be enabled for your user - or at all.
I had to quit an exercise class to it essentially turning into a musical torture chamber. They upgraded their speaker system to mega club levels with base bins and massive hanging speakers.

The volume was so loud and the music so intense I actually had to stop at times and block my ears. This sounds melodramatic but it is honestly ridiculous.

After those few classes I went to I would have ringing in my ears for a few hours, and my ears would feel very blocked. I also noticed I became a lot more agitated and anxious afterwards.
Being a marxist social scientist does not mean that you support a communist political system. It means that you use class as a lens to analyze your data.