skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
In 1970, a company named Telemed built an Electrocardiograph analysis service where hospitals would call in from all around the country and send ECGs over the telephone line with analog FM signals, three channels at a time. The computer located near Chicago would accept the incoming call, digitize the three analog signals every 2ms to 10 bits, write them to disk, and decode the touch-tone patient ID.

When the call was completed, the data from disk would be assembled into a full ECG record and written to tape, and simultaneously passed to the diagnostic program written in Fortran. The system would then initiate a phone call to the hospital's printer and print out an English-language diagnostic. The result was then available in ten minutes to the staff a the hospital.

The front end and back end was all Sigma 5 (first SDS then Xerox midrange real-time computer) assembler in an interrupt-rich process--one interrupt every 2ms for the analog, one interrupt for the disk write complete, interrupts for the tape record writing, interrupts for the outgoing phone call progress. This included an cost optimization process that would choose which line (this was in the days of WATS lines) based on desired response time. The middle was the Fortran program that would analyze the waveforms, identifying all the ECG wave forms--P-wave, QRS, and T-Wave--the height, duration, sometimes slope.

This all took place in a machine with 32k words (four bytes per word). There were two computers, one nominally used for development, but could be hot-switched if the other failed. I think downtime was on the order of an hour per year. This would have been called an Expert System, but I don't think the term was in common use as yet.

So the answer to your question is: "A considerable amount". Today we are all spoiled by environments with more memory on one machine than existed in the entire world at that time.
Masters of Scale

Side Hustle School

Indie Hackers
Well my grief with the touchpad was really when it came to frontend work. or even just scrolling through lines of code was a pain as it was too sensitive in every way. This kind of behaviour makes any kind of interaction a pain. Not that you can't live with it, but just knowing that the same hardware performs hundred times better on another OS...

The tipping point for me was more about the absolute lack of user friendliness when it comes to setting it up. I've spent days to understand xinput, find the properties that I need to change (with non-existent documentation) and then spend time on finding the best values for them.
And then upgrading distribution version negated all the effort I've put into it, by changing a lot of things and was back to square one.

As I wrote in a previous reply on this thread, the touchpad was the final straw in a long uphill battle. A lot of grief came from the lack of user friendly configuration of anything within the system. And when you start editing configuration files and reading forums on a regular basis, that makes one realise that he/she is spending more time on making life easier then actually living it. And this is with one of the most user friendly distributions, or so do they say.

Anyway, I was very disappointed and still am. It's been 18-19 years since I've been introduced to Linux and used it on many occasions, but some things don't seem to change, or take a long period of time to change. I understand it comes from the Open Source-ness of the whole thing, where people take their own time and energy to make something better for free.
Great writeup, and nice that they mention telemetry only once and work more with obfuscation than the usual process scanning, document scanning, blacklisting and reporting all back to shady servers, etc.

It's scary that one can easily get nasty anticheat software installed, even when playing only single player(!) games.
Sure, but unless your airways are obstructed, that happens automatically.

Maintaining core temperature is something you must actively manage, just as water intake is actively managed.
It's just shifting to pharmacists who are also medical professionals, it was inevitable given the success of pharmacy based immunization programs.
eVoting needs strong encryption and trust-chain setup. we have done these things for content protection and payments with hardware level security. this is a solvable problem, especially with emergence of block-chain it can be made much more secure. the problem is, as you've pointed out, cost.

my somewhat cynical conclusion is that its being left weak intentionally either to save money or plain old incompetence as there is not much openness/competition in govt contracting process.

if we ever are to wholeheartedly accept this there has to be complete transparency in the process. at a policy level this is absolute must is we want to converge to a stable long-term solution.
HP Spectre x360. I run Arch Linux on it and everything has been fantastic.
Facebook AI Research Expands with New Academic Collaborations
A lot of things regarding chemistry and biology - finding catalysts for nitrate fertiliser production (uses 5% of worlds power), perhaps some catalysts in cement production (my idea), invention of new medicines, either due to better cell simulations or (my idea) faster protein folding.
Even other parts of death valley have reasonable water sources. Surprise Canyon is one of them.
Why is BB-8 on every blog post? Seems to me that Lucasfilm would have a problem with this (apparently unattributed) use of their IP.
The Apollo computer did things like control rocket burns, provide navigational information, etc. More information

http://nassp.sourceforge.net/wiki/Guidance_and_Control_Syste...

The source is on Github, too, for example:

https://github.com/chrislgarry/Apollo-11/blob/master/Luminar...
I am guilty of this, except with Dunkin. Over the last few years, I have purchased at least five coffee machines trying to make coffee that is as good but I haven't been able to. I am a coffee addict; if I don't have coffee in the morning, I get a headache.
The T440 is no longer being manufactured (the current model is T480). I have a refurb T460 at home[aside] which works great out of the box with any Linux distro and has a keyboard that is a pleasure to use when contrasted with most laptops out there. And the repairability also means that you can buy a cheaper model and only once you need it extend the sdd/ram when you need it.

[aside]: it has a top IO panel that every now an then decides to stop working, including the power button mouse and keyboard, although usb ports continue to work. The only option at that point is to hard reset (I carry a paper clip in my keychain :-/). Haven't found an explanation for the problem. If anyone here has any ideas, please reply. I've googled all around. I have found no correlation with anything so far.
Presumably only for trivial conditions id hope.

Edit it will also lead to over prescribing of antibiotics and cause drug resistance to rise
"High Growth" in this case means companies that are scaling revenue, team, and complexity of business. Companies included here are meant to be "post product/market fit". In other words, they are selling something their customers really want, have fast growing revenue, and are either unit-economic positive or have a path to it.

While come technology companies (or retail, or other companies) are profitable from day 1, many instead chose to invest in growth early on to go for market share and win the market. They then hike prices, cross-sell product, or drop costs at scale and then spin off a ton of cash. In Silicon Valley these companies are usually funded by VCs. In other industries, they may have different types of loans or in some cases private equity, VC, or friends and family money.

In either case, the companies will share common issues - How do I add executives in functions I have never dealt with? E.g. a CFO or GC? How does my role as CEO evolve as the team grows and I am no longer needed to do the things I used to do when we were 5 people? Etc.

This book definitely has a Silicon Valley Tech bias, as that is what I know best. Anecdotally, I have been told by people in non-tech industries who saw an early copy that some of the "people-centric" chapters are more broadly relevant. But rapidly scaling technology companies will definitely benefit the most from it.

In terms of growing revenue and profits, I think a number of books focus on that. E.g. how to build a sales org, or compensate them, or different channel strategies. Those are really valuable topics but I felt they were better covered than some of the topics I focus on.

Thanks for taking a look! :)
Or we could just have universal healthcare with government-set price controls, just like Japan does. The ultimate in price transparency. Everyone is healthier, lives longer, and it’s far cheaper.
I've been using AppSync for about 4 months on a project for work and it's mostly been positive once you get your head wrapped around resolver mapping. I've also incorporated serverless-appsync for deployment which makes it much nicer than the built-in UI.
I believe what you are asking for already exists in most browsers, but would need to be implemented on sites.

Today you can set the client header DNT: 1. Now you just need to get sites to agree that DNT: 0 means "Don't show me the cookie banner."
Fair, until you try to maintain #1 by building a fire inside your closed off cave :P
I'd say people need to recognize that the role of tourist and activist are different, and don't combine well. Know why you're there, and take the appropriate precautions for your role, and you're probably going to be fine. But don't show up as an activist and expect to be treated like a tourist.
There is so much gold in that link, thank you!

A random pick: "The concept that I'm most excited about is that the core technology in Dropbox -- continuous efficient sync with compression and binary diffs"

* Andrew Tridgell of course created rsync (which is referenced elsewhere) and pioneered the binary delta model which has inspired so much progress. Dropbox's sync in clearly directly influenced by this. Outstanding achievement!

* "efficient sync with compression and binary diffs" is key here but astonishingly appears to be a secondary concern for many (most?) competitors which is why they su^H^Haren't as good.
SmartNews app reaches 10M monthly users as it counters fake news
I have to second how awesome Hot-swap batteries are. While I do need to find a socket for this, having 'just' a T540p (can recommend, nice device), being able to swap the battery in seconds instead of charging >30 min (depending on how large your charger is) is awesome. So if you can hot swap, get another non-protuding battery instead of one that sticks out from the laptop, as that makes it hard to hold it on your palm (works like a charm, and the robustness makes you worry less). In that sense it is easier to use on-the-go than a tablet, due to the ease of holding (just wrap your fingers around the battery, and it will take a couple weeks to get the strength in your arm to do it comfortably if you are not used to such loads).
Visualising the current state of development
Sorry for the issue - Stripe's printer is shipping books to Amazon ongoing.

You can still order via Amazon - as of now it will just take a few extra days to ship. So not a huge delay if you are willing to wait.
Quite correct but usually quantum-entanglement records are for qubits rather than generic atoms. And qubits must be able to be measured in isolation e.g. the polarisation of a single photon can be measured. With superfluid 4He you can't isolate the qubits.
I like that low point is known as Badwater Basin.

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Badwater_Basin
Work on determining the relationships between complexity classes is mostly theoretical. I've outlined some of the frontier of this work regarding BPP in another comment. There are two broad classes of exceptions that I know of:

* Where this work intersects cryptography: in order for cryptosystems to be secure, we generally have to assume the difficulty of certain specific problems: a complexity assumption! Recent work (see here: https://eprint.iacr.org/2015/907) links these assumptions to how easy it is to notice they are false. Intuitively, the easier it is to notice that an assumption is false, the better it is for crypto. A false assumption can be detected and crypto based on this assumption abandoned.

* Where computer search is used to assist proofs: A line of work terminating in https://eccc.weizmann.ac.il//report/2011/031/ used computer search to show time-space tradeoffs for solving satisfiability.
Surprised to see this is their 4th cable.
Buy Linux games on gog.com?
League of Legends is an online-only multiplayer game.
I have found unit tests are useful for the original developer to very explicitly describe what test cases the code was written for (including parameter data types). The lack of unit tests for specific types of use cases can also signal to the inheriting developer what the code wasn't originally expected to do (which can signal performance limitations).
That's why you don't use garbage collection. Wasm or static pages only. V8 has been the worst thing to happen to the web, it made JS moderately performant. That's a terrible thing, now we have all this additional complexity thanks to Google's attempt to make the web an appstore.
A pure quantum state is a basis vector, written like |n>. It's called a basis vector because it shares a list of mathematical properties with the x̂,ŷ,ẑ coordinate basis vectors you might be familiar with.

They can be combined, (like coordinate vectors) by writing coefficients before them. For example, 1/√2 |a> + 1/√2 |b> would be a combination of state a and state b. Combinations of states obey the condition that the sum of the squares of each coefficient equals one. This is the unitary constraint, and above you can see that 1/√2^2 + 1/√2^2 = 1/2 + 1/2 = 1.

Coefficients can be complex numbers, which consist of a real part and an imaginary part.

So, putting all of this together, a qbit that may be in the state |1> or the state |0> may also be in the state (a+bi)|1> + (c+di)|0>. With the unitary constraint, we can cut out a degree of freedom by introducing the equation |a+bi|^2 + |c+di|^2 = 1. This leaves three degrees of freedom, which can be mapped in to a sphere by a change of coordinates. Three spherical coordinates plus the unitary constraint specifies the four-number state combination.
Yes. You must either cook and inject your own ACPI table (taking inspiration from a similar model to save you time), or go with S0 only using a kernel patch.

I have done some bios and acpi code before on coreboot. It is tough, lots of work and no guaranteed results if you don't have access to the specs (NDA)

Anyway I really don't recommend you do that unless you have experience, documentation and time.
I feel like the industry would be better off being transparent about anti-cheat strategies and maybe even embracing open-source. Protecting "secret sauce" is basically admitting their anti-cheat are largely through obfuscation and can be defeated by knowing any details.
Show HN: Liftbridge – lightweight, fault-tolerant message streams
The Absolute Denial of Shit
"Connections - Episode 1: The Trigger Effect"

https://www".dailymotion.com/video/x4e30ki

The punchline is at 29minutes
Highly regulated except for one critical aspect, and that is price. Other nations control the prices that are allowed to be paid for drugs.
Big deal. There's nothing shocking or spooky about two billiard balls being made to spin in arbitrarily opposing directions, selecting only one (omg! without discovering which way it spins, you guys), then separating them, and then noticing the spin of one, in order to reliably grasp that the other is the reversal.

I have two guitars. I place the guitars facing one another, such that plucking the HIGH E string on one, also plucks the LOW E string on the other. We put ear plugs in our ears, such that I can separate the two guitars, without us ever hearing them. I pluck the guitars, give you one, and take the other one and travel far away. I then listen to my guitar. It is the HIGH E guitar. Now I know you have the LOW E guitar. Wow. Incredibly unspooky. Not teleportration.
Show HN: The world's fastest app builder for Windows and Mac
We've been using Vue in production since Vue 0.12. It was a joy to use way back when, and it's only gotten better and better.

That's not to say that I haven't shot myself in the foot dozens of times in the process though. We've had to solve a lot of pain points from our original 0.12 code (two-way binding, too many props in components, some jquery dotted in, lots and lots of pre es6 code). But even sitting on code I wrote that looking back makes me cringe, Vue is always enjoyable.

It has truly improved my daily quality of life and I owe Evan You a lot of gratitude.
Please please please don't kill our favorite plot device. Make sure the process takes exactly 3 days.
Also fair. At that point, though, if someone's out of water and in a survival situation, and lights a fire in a cave like that, well... I'd be doubtful they've got the outdoor knowledge to hack it.
I think this is good. For many people a lot of the costs are the doctor visits. Look at the Walmart 100 common generics for $4. I wouldn't be surprised if 50% of the hospital visits can be solved by one of these generics but then we add an expensive doctor visit to get a $4 medicine. There needs to be a more affordable solution.
Thanks a ton!

I think two sections might be most generically interesting or useful:

1. The interviews. There are 14 interviews with Sam Altman, Marc Andreessen, Patrick Collison, Joelle Emerson, Erin Fors, Reid Hoffman, Claire Hughes Johnson, Aaron Levie, Mariam Naficy, Keith Rabois, Naval Ravikant, Ruchi Sanghvi, Shannon Stubo Brayton, Hemant Taneja.

In some cases, their advice is at odds with my own. So I think the richness of perspectives and experiences are valuable.

2. The sections on executives, recruiting, people, onboarding, re-orgs, etc.

Startups are a team sport, and getting the right team together and helping them be effective is really the key (assuming you already have product/market fit).

A big part of that is also the role of the CEO, and the CEO managing their own psychology, not burning out, etc.
Dell XPS 13. Comes with Linux and the new model is very quiet (fans don't even spin with most tasks).
Does anyone have comparable GC latency numbers comparing Go vs Java as of 2018?
Trump's sycophants sink to new lows after
Something else worth noting: an entangled state is itself a superposition of two non-entangled states. This is obvious when you look at the math: the entangled state |10> + |01> is the superposition of the factorizable (non-entangled) states |10> and |01>. But physically what this means is that entanglement is intimately related to interference. Interference happens when a photon "goes both ways". Entanglement happens when a pair of photons go in such a way that you can't tell which photon went which way. (There's more to it than that, but the point is that entanglement and interference are closely related phenomena. This fact is often overlooked, particularly when it comes to explanations of entanglement directed at lay audiences.)

Also, the idea that collapse is a physical phenomenon that propagates faster than light is not universally accepted. There are other ways to interpret these results. None of them take a toll on your intuition, but personally I like this one:

http://www.flownet.com/ron/QM.pdf

(There's a video too: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dEaecUuEqfc)
Although, on second thought, this means writing a chain of if-else statements instead of a type switch in a visitor. Maybe it's not that big a difference?
If you like templates and framework-specific syntax for conditional logic and iteration sprinkled into your HTML then you will love Vue. If you prefer the JSX approach and relying on JavaScript for conditional logic and iteration then you will love React. Vue does support JSX, but it is not the idiomatic way to use Vue.
I do (unfortunately) have the HiDPI model. I personally don't care at all about more pixels on this machine, but I understand why people want this.

HiDPI is kinda a mess in general on Linux, from my limited use cases. I run X11 with i3wm on Arch, and the application support is all over the place. `xrandr` seems unhappy with multiple monitors at different resolutions (as is my case at work, with external displays), it's a mess.

All that being said, with a combination of `xrandr --dpi` and ctrl-+/- in Firefox and my terminal, things can be made to look OKish.

TLDR: If you can get a computer without HiDPI, I personally recommend it.
Dell XPS runs linux flawlessly. Dunno about wireless range though
I've found the upload speeds to B2 to be fantastic. Especially if running multiple connections.
Azure:

locally redundant storage: 99.999999999 % (11 9's)

zone redundant storage: 99.9999999999 % (12 9's)

geographically redundant storage: 99.99999999999999 % (16 9's)

https://azure.microsoft.com/en-us/pricing/details/storage/
Disclaimer: I wrote the blog post. :-)

> spread across 10,000 drives, which is unrealistic

I claim it is also undesirable. Backblaze specifically made the conscious decision that the parts of any one single "large file" (these can be up to 10 TBytes each) are all stored within the same "vault". A vault is 20 computers in 20 separate racks. This allows a single vault to check the consistency and integrity of a large file periodically without communicating to other vaults in the datacenter.

The vaults have been a really good unit of scaling for Backblaze. If the vaults can maintain their performance, then we know we can just stamp out more vaults because there is almost no communication between vaults.
The surface book touchpad is every bit as good as anything Apple has to offer. I owned 5 different macbook pro/airs prior to making the switch when the touchbar MBP came out.

Comparing insert other hardware manufacturer and laying it on Microsoft isn't really fair... they have no control over what the hardware mfg's put in their laptops. And they can only fix so much in software when there are literally thousands of combinations on the market at any given time.
Probably not very good for patients either.
Glad it helps!
After a brief reading, it's important to note that two paths for faculty:

1) Get someone else to commercialize your research (tech transfer often does this)

and

2) Start a business around your research

Have very different paths and consequences.
I don't disagree that there may be some kind of evidence to link to that action. But I do believe that evidence can be tampered with to create the illusion. Seriously, a chat transcript is what people cite as evidence? We as a society should doubt accusations until they've been proven to be factual.

There's been numerous cases of people being exonerated of a crime [1] after spending years of their life inside prison.

I'm not trying to pretend that Ulbricht is a saint. He deserves to be in prison for running an illegal market. But if that's all he was ever convicted of, then I believe that the punishment of a double life sentence doesn't fit the crime.

* [1] - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_wrongful_convictions_i...
I tend to assume pessimistically that the durability design will itself cause a problem. Redundant switches to survive a hardware failure, e.g., strikes me as inviting trouble.
Sure, but that wasn't my point. I was rebutting your statement. I was not saying what would or would not be nice.

Honestly, I have a completely different read on the content of the comments on this page. I think you are going out of your way to find "pejorative" and "destructive" comments. The majority appear to be pretty well thought out by my eyes. Most people seem to be questioning the efficacy of openbook's approach to the problem. It is obviously something people care a lot about and there are a lot of very legitimate issues with openbook's approach that have been discussed on this page.