skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
For those who haven't read the linked article before, it really is fascinating.

The relevant bits are two factors:

* Is the person sending the pull request someone already known to the project, or an outsider?

* Is the gender of the pull request's author easily determinable?

It would be unsurprising to find that "outsider" pull requests get merged at a lower rate. But "outsider" pull requests from women merge at different rates depending on the second factor: when it's easy to determine the gender of the author, a pull request from an "outsider" woman is significantly less likely to be accepted than a pull request from an "outsider" woman whose gender cannot easily be determined. Also, "insider" women and women whose gender is not easily determinable have higher rates of merged PRs than their male counterparts.

There's no reason to suspect that whether someone's gender is easily determinable by a PR reviewer (usually, via username, profile picture, other clues like linked blogs or social-media profiles) has an effect on the quality of their code. So while this of course doesn't prove gender bias (we'd need telepathy for that), it does very very very strongly suggest it.

This is also in line with a lot of prior research and reporting on blind interview and auditioning practices, so shouldn't be too surprising, but for some reason people love to insist that tech is somehow different from all those other fields where hiding someone's gender changed how they were evaluated.
Divide your miles by 10 and they seem about right.
> The link is in the footer (titled "interviews").

Footer link is not user-friendly imo. Navbar/sidebar are is where it should be. Probably 95% of users won't even know that there is a link to interviews in the footer.
Funnily enough I googled it too and Google now brings up your question about digital paper-clips.
A dying art? Yes and no... There have been quite a few recent articles posted here about squeezing the maximum performance out of compression algorithms, say, by clever use of SIMD operations.

It’s certainly less common now to be quite so concerned with shaving individual bytes off the code size. But I bet that still comes up when generating function prologues/epilogues/trampolines etc in compiler output -- stuff that will appear a lot in the output, so even one word saved will be significant.
> I only have 64kB to play with, so it's important to be efficient.

If the author does not want to upgrade to the 1980s and the 65816 with its 16-bit accumulator, there is always the KimKlone for relieving the memory pressure somewhat.

* http://laughtonelectronics.com/Arcana/KimKlone/Kimklone_shor... (https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=16564257)
Windows 95 didn't have concurrency problems different from NT, unless you used it on the old hardware that depended on DOS drivers. The main benefits NT brought were various protection mechanisms, which is convenient for programmers, but 95 surely wasn't slower, especially with less RAM, the major factor that slowed the NT adoption was its significantly higher RAM needs. Which translated in visibly more expensive computers needed. NT was also slower for all graphical routines for a while:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Architecture_of_Windows_NT

"The Windows NT 3.x series of releases had placed the GDI component in the user-mode Client/Server Runtime Subsystem, but this was moved into kernel mode with Windows NT 4.0 to improve graphics performance.[23]"

Note NT 4.0 appeared a year after Windows 95. The programmers had the benefit of using Windows NT even before 95 appeared, but the advantages of 95 were clear for the "normal users" who didn't think they needed the "protection" aspects: the most popular software of the time (e.g. Microsoft Word) was unstable enough to, from time to time, crash even on NT. The more stable Word versions appeared only after the famous Gates' 2002 memo started to be applied to the Microsoft Office products:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trustworthy_computing#Microsof...

Windows 95 was for a time a good trade-off for many practical uses.
when you're young you frankly don't need a whole lot of sleep

So, you are perpetuating ageism then. Let’s see how cocky you are in 10, 20, 30 years when you can’t get a job because of all the bloggers crowing about their Github profiles...
You raise a good point about risk profiles. Let's consider other asymmetric risks?

An employee is hired at will and largely vulnerable to employment risk. The employee has no legal claim to income earned by an employer beyond general compensation provided in the duration of employment. On the other hand, an investor, without major financial restructuring, can through equity or debt secure a claim with various degrees of seniority.

So, to counter your claim, an employee is exposed to downside through these terms.
By all means he deserves more money, no problem. But why with a lower tax rate?
Yes, most developers did save a copy but there often there was little thought to proper archive storage. This means the media degraded in storage, lost during moves or thrown out accidentally. For an example see this story about Prince of Persia https://www.wired.com/2012/04/prince-of-persia-source-code/, I've seen others over the years but don't have links handy.
Speaking of literal translations, a direct English calque for that would be something like “downheadfolk”, or maybe “head-downers”.
Libre software and the open source spirit existed long before Internet. Sure, It was really hard to find projects and contribute to them, but we can do it since the dawn of computer science.
Some donations are tax deductible. Many donors will just use money they would initially use for taxes.

That's probably why retired billionaires become philanthropists.
I agree, especially as part of the appeal of Airbnb is the kitchen and that you can sneak extra people into the building very easily.
They also benefit the most from government in absolute terms, since the extent of their wealth in the absence of government would be limited to the tiny fraction of their assets that would still meaningfully exist and could reliably be defended with their personal militia.
For that performance, a steal at its pricepoint.

Keep in mind folks this new roadster will compete with hypercars, yet at a 1/5th or less of the price. Also...umm it’s a 4-seater that’ll smoke ANY exotic and still have cheap cost of ownership...do you know the fuel efficiency of gasoline cars that go over 250mph??
> systemic biases against women in github pull requests

Did you read your link?

> The hypothesis is not only false, but it is in the opposite direction than expected; women tend to have their pull requests accepted at a higher rate than men! This difference is statistically significant
> If you abolish corporate taxation, (rich) people will just use them to avoid taxes.

That's already a loophole, or it would be, except the tax code has already closed it. You're about 40 years too late.

> Company car? Check.

Already taxed, heavily. The whole "just hide your income in a company" gambit doesn't work. Corporations are already taxed much lower than the top marginal rate of income, so people already want to do this.

> Money sitting on a bank ledger can't do nearly as much as money in a venture capital fund.

The whole point of a "bank" as a concept is that they solve this issue through maturity transformation. Your money doesn't just sit on a bank ledger; it gets lent out to do things such as, yes, invest in venture capital funds.
I think that choosing today ARM and/or Intel for your CPU of choice for product line is stupid.
Since I'm talking about programming I'm also perpetuating ableism because you need to have functioning hands and eyes. I'm also perpetuating alivism because you need to be not dead.
... unless they can be easily identified as women from their profile, at which point their acceptance rate drops.
Uvicorn – The lightning-fast asyncio server, for Python 3
Because if it is ot pure you will have trouble having differrent implementations of same ISA. Imagine implementing same feature for superscalar OoO or for version where pipeline length is only two or one cycle.

Being a software dev I also designed CPUs. I know what I am talking about.

For you having 4K IRAM - use stack machine. You'd be better off.
Ask HN: Why are entity component systems not used widely in web development?
Entity component systems https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entity–component–system are used in game development, and claim great benefit in simplifying codebases.

A cursory glance around doesn’t show any web front end libraries based on ECS.

Why have they not had more impact in web front end application development?

Ref:
https://www.gamasutra.com/blogs/TobiasStein/20171122/310172/The_EntityComponentSystem__An_awesome_gamedesign_pattern_in_C_Part_1.php
> I take 15 minutes crammed in a small space with a bunch of strangers over one hour of solitude in a small metal box with windows any day.

Why those durations? I would expect a typical car trip to be faster than transit, since it takes a direct route with no stops.

If transit is even as fast as driving, I'll take it 90% of the time. But that's quite an undertaking.
This is pretty interesting about the Inca doctors, showing that they had an advanced medical tradition. The fact reasearches can determine success rates in early periods compared to later periods,... That's quite an amazing discovery.

But civil war doctors are not a good comparison standard.... If you go back 150 years, scientific/western medicine really sucked.

They didn't do antiseptic surgery, and lots of patients died of infections from dirty doctor hands. When the patients did have infections, there were no antibiotics. They didn't know about germs. Etc.

Meanwhile, they had thrown out all the non-scientific stuff. Witches brews containing antibiotics. Old time herbal medicines like willow bark (aspirin).. traditional healing existed alongside formal medicine for many generations, and the healers were probably more successful for a lot of it.

It's only really after/during WW2, that the basics of modern medicine were really solid: antiseptic surgery, penecilin, vaccinations,.. it went from crappy beta version to the best medicine ever invented pretty quickly.

For the first few hundred years, scientific medicine was the world leader in anatomy, dissection, making detailed drawings of bodies. Fundamental to the evidence but for curing people... I think the doctors were average and below, until some point in the 20th century, after centuries.
This reminds me, why do most high-level languages lack a bit rotation operator?

It's an operation that is required in some cases, and it can easily be emulated by the compiler for targets which lack it. However deducing that you're trying to do bit rotation and emitting the CPU instruction when present is not easy for the compiler.
There is an important difference: BASIC is interpreted, not compiled.
Out of curiosity, are you working on a publicly available distribution? If so, what is it?
To use with ARM CPU, not to implement. When I worked with SoC design back in 2008, the situation was just like that - use A* buses freely unless you have an ARM CPU in your design (even if that CPU is implemented by you). Then you need a license.

Leon family of CPUs used AXB, I think, for example.
Staying away from extremes and finding a middle way is generally good advice. Indeed never go 100% for degrees nor 100% for open source contributions.
Just count every benefit one can feasibly calculate a dollar amount for the company provides the employee to the income for purposes of calculating income tax due. In German law there is a phrase for that, geldwerter Vorteil, formally Sachbezug.
The wording is:
> EStG §8 Abs. 2 Einnahmen, die nicht in Geld bestehen (Wohnung, Kost, Waren, Dienstleistungen und sonstige Sachbezüge), sind mit den um übliche Preisnachlässe geminderten üblichen Endpreisen am Abgabeort anzusetzen.
This translates to:
> Income, which does not consist of money (housing, food, goods, service and other employee benefits), are to be taken at the, reduced by usual price discounts, usual end prices at the place of fulfillment.
There were minor re-orderings, due to the German language having somewhat different rules regarding word ordering, and some words not mapping 1:1 to their English counterpart. As you can see by the strange sentence structure in the translation, I skipped any such cosmetic changes, only using the bare minimum to try to keep the semantic of the predominant parsing the same as in the original.
> Also, why on earth would you change to another init system ever? Or why would you ever change to an init system you don't know?

My sentiment exactly, but weren't you building up an argument in favour of SystemD?

> - Systemd DOES NOT break backward compatibility.

No, sometimes it just breaks and leaves you staring at a black screen. If the magical fix appears to be chrooting into you installation from a liveCD and reverting to sysvinit every time, at some point you are going to want to do that upfront.

I don't blame SystemD for existing, or people for using it and being happy with it, but I do blame Debian for defaulting to it when there was no reason to do so at that time other than "mainstream appeal".

>- The amount of stuff systemd is doing for you is insane.

Yes.
Interesting. I wonder how the markets will take it in case it passed. Because THAT is the only test that counts...
From my understanding that's part of the point of those complaints: a) force Facebook to clearly use that argument if they want to rely on it (GDPR requires them to be explicit about base of processing, and right now they're not) and b) regulators and eventually courts to figure out where those lines are, and get Facebook to adjust accordingly. It's certainly possible that they find that advertising-financed offerings can justify some processing by the need to make money, but that needs to be determined. E.g. I could imagine that they'll be blocked from using protected categories of data that way without explicit opt-in, but will be allowed some matching on others.

To be a bit glib, if Ads are a core part of the offering, surely the facebook.com front page should mention them?
I could also imagine being a reluctant woodcarver ... "Yes master. If we keep carving this piece of wooden golem, it will come alive!"
Ignoring the debate around "that tweet" Github is great for those with an interest to be able to self-teach and self-learn. To acquire experience from doing, by being able to see how others have done it before or to take that and use it.

Github is to this generation of programmers, what View Source was to the early web generation of programmers.

Without View Source in 1996, and with no resource to education or work at that time, I would not have learned how to make complete web sites and then have moved to automatically making those websites (HTML generation via a CMS).

Github is important and critical, but not for hiring those already in the industry... for learning and to make this industry accessible to those who are under privileged in terms of access to education, mentoring, code clubs, etc. And then for recognising those people during hiring and giving them the break they deserve.
Not thinking of proper archiving proceedures is also exactly what happened with movies (and TV, the Dr. Who missing season was an ebarassing case of this).

I know that studios exists to make money, and that they do that by controlling the distribution of the media, but it’s very sad when parts of our culture can get lost like this even though it’s preventable.
Why are property taxes even connected to property values? Does it get more expensive to supply public services when property values go up?

A flat tax per square foot would make more sense, perhaps with a rate ray varies based on locality.
Yes, I did my research and verified it just now (looked at his github). I was not and am not impressed.
Distributed Search Engines Ended Google Supremacy
>great facilities afforded by language

Sometimes those aren't so great. For example, C has errno, a thread-local variable that gets set to the error code of the last function you called. Why can't the function just return the error code? I think it's strange how all the Linux system calls do return error codes but the standard library puts them in errno anyway.

I really like writing freestanding C because I can avoid most of the legacy.
Anonymous email option – encrypted, no logging, no tracking, no selling of data
> your shell "init script"

You make the foolish error, called out by the Uselessd Guy long since, of creating a false division into solely van Smoorenburg rc and systemd. Five times over.

* http://uselessd.darknedgy.net/ProSystemdAntiSystemd/

In fact, the world has never been divided into just two.

* https://blog.darknedgy.net/technology/2015/09/05/0/

* http://jdebp.eu./FGA/run-scripts-and-service-units-side-by-s...

You make at least three other errors also, but they are symptomatic of arguing based upon not knowing the subject (ironically, not knowing systemd in one case), which dividing the world into twain is the major egregious case of.
Such a rewarding song, Olé. An interpretation of an old Republican civil war song, pure bliss when the melody kicks in.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x6miDvc52yU
Especially on microcontrollers or DSPs this could be quite useful. I have never seen a C-compiler able to infer a bit rotation instruction, though.
Especially since I routinely see people simply crossing the street disregarding the traffic lights altogether regardless of smartphone use (here in Eindhoven at least).
If I recall correctly, Chacha20 is as fast as AES with AVX256, isn't it? For more speed, Chacha8 has yet to be broken. And I bet even Chacha2 would pass most statistical tests, although at that point it is not secure at all. Furthemore, we could ditch Chacha compatibility by skipping the de-interleaving step for more speed.

AES could likewise benefit from reduced rounds, but since its security margin is lower than Chacha, there's a chance it would perform a bit worse at the same quality level.
When I fell down into the rabbit hole of DNS, I wrote code to just encode and decode DNS packets [1]. All the existing libraries [2] had a complex API that provided a separate function for querying a few record types (A, AAAA, MX, TXT, SRV, maybe NS and SOA), leaving the rest unimplemented. They also tend to have complex network architectures to handle retries, caching, and parallel queries which could be hard to integrate into a project that had an existing network framework.

Mine? Just two functions: dns_encode() and dns_decode(). No I/O. No malloc().

[1] https://github.com/spc476/SPCDNS

[2] The ones I was looking at are written in C.
R.I.P. - I ask myself why successful people are taking their own life | africasiaeuro dege
You don't understand how mortgages work.

The duration decreases when the rates increases. It's not possible to reimburse a 30+ years mortgage at 10%.
Học Cao đẳng Điều dưỡng có dễ xin việc hay không?
Trump Pardons Scooter Libby in a Case That Mirrors His Own
You cant even be sure when you have checked the source code of the project -- whos to say that is actually what is deployed?
Income Inequality Has Stopped Growing
I was under the impression that central banks regulated the banks to control the creation of money, if this passed wouldn't they just print what they would have allowed anyway.
Well, yes, Linux is a serious competitor in that it is (still - Fuchsia might change this in some future release) used underneath Android. While a regular Android user might not know, care nor notice that it is there, for those who do care this opens possibilities. It makes it possible to run a device which - apart from the seemingly mandatory closed-source radio-related blob (which can do all sorts of nasty things outside of the control of the user) only contains free software and only runs such software as the user chooses to run. This is possible with the combination of Android and Linux, impossible with iOS or MacOS. In this sense Apple is far removed from what I consider to be one of Linux' defining attributes, namely the fact that it allows full control over what gets run on my hardware (apart from that radio-blob, that is). As there is no such freedom with anything Apple I don't consider them to be 'close[r] to the Linux end of the scale', not by a far stretch.
I've been using phombie in my head for quite some time now.
The exact day it passes, the Swiss banking stocks would likely crash because their ability to be in control and pass the risk to the central bank (as the lender of last resort) is a big portion of their value.

But, what happens in the long run to the Swiss markets? I would suspect it’s not good either, it mirrors how the money worked while on the gold standard too much for my taste in that rapid responses to recessions becomes much more complicated.
you need to have functioning hands and eyes.

That's not actually the case! Blind programmers are not rare, and as for the other: https://venturebeat.com/2014/10/01/max-strzelecki-warlocks/
>In the UK I couldn't get on a bus without somebody complaining about how dark people were taking over the country.

I lived in London for 8 years and heard that not once.
Japanese culture in 2018 is completely different from the one in 1918, which was again completely different from the one in 1818.

Is the culture currently in an ideal state that needs to be frozen in time? Is immigration a greater threat to Japan than the past experiences of colonialism and nuclear war? If anything, immigration seems ridiculously manageable compared to those.
Show HN: LightXLab – Simple Ray Optics Simulation Project
Switzerland is an unusual place; for a while it had negative central bank rates, because in its traditional role as financial haven so much foreign capital has been coming into the country that the central bank wants to keep the value of the currency down.

Switzerland is not going to be short of capital. The interesting question is, would it have positive or negative effects elsewhere? e.g. if it had been in place when lots of Hungarians took out disasterous CHF-denominated mortgages.
There is also a vote against online gambling which is bad for net neutrality.

It was brought up by local gambling interest but sold as protecting gambling addicts.
That's inspiring. Thanks for sharing!
There is a least one study that showed smart phone users were more careful.

It seemed because they knew they were shifting to a different activity they were more careful.

I'm suspect on it, but yes, there needs to be more than the lame, lets bag on people different to us and fit them into some sort of troublemaker cliche.
The Skyhook
> Contrary to common belief, most money in the world is not produced by central banks but is instead created by commercial lenders when they lend beyond the deposits they hold for savers.

Sounds like an attempt to keep the loan-deposit ratio (LTD) at or below 1, so that the bank is only lending money that it actually holds in the form of deposits.

I'm told by a lot of experts that this is a bad idea and it will hurt the entire industry and contract the economy, but I'm wondering if it's possible to put a soft lock (like a semi-fixed-deposit) on portion of a customers deposits and use that to finance lending. As a customer, I personally wouldn't mind being able to put soft locks on parts of my savings in return for a higher interest rate (preferably through an online interface).
> dangerous experiment

It's also an easily reversed experiment, which suggests that the naysayers may fear success more than failure.
Reddit's blocked Mega links for years. I'd have been surprised if their new chat platform didn't use the same filters.

I bet URL shorteners don't work either, for the same reason.
I don't see how it's similar to the gold standard; the central bank could still print money.
There's a reserve capital requirement at the moment, but it's not one-to-one.

More detail: http://www.batz.ch/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/Vollgeld_Summa... ; the implementation is not just a 100% reserve requirement but a limitation on interbank lending.