skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Question (not rhetorical): is it worthwhile to allow anonymous criticism of the state and those in power, while requiring people to stand behind all other types of statements as real named individuals?
Read my other post. Be grateful. https://amasad.me/grateful
"We make constant use of formulas, symbols, and rules whose meaning we do not understand and through the use of which we avail ourselves of the assistance of knowledge which individually we do not possess. We have developed these practices and institutions by building upon habits and institutions which have proved successful in their own sphere and which have in turn become the foundation of the civilization we have built up." Hayek
> n fact, the earlier studies on R.E.M. deprivation might not have been as compelling as they once seemed.

> In those earlier studies, researchers kept animals from going into R.E.M. sleep by waking them up. “In some experiments, they wake up the animals a thousand times a day,” Dr. Siegel said.

So much science that I used to take for granted is garbage.
I don’t know the details on which bits matter in the ziggurat algorithm, which is the one I use. Is this the case for all floating point random number generators?
Directly related, https://archiveteam.org/ deserves a mention.
Yep, plenty of mathematicians get hired by FANG and co. If you can do the whiteboard coding interviews, you're pretty much in, at least for junior positions.
> Do we have laws for phone-bullying, letter-bullying

Yes, the phone system and the postal system have their own set of laws.
Ask HN: Projects that need help?
What new or interesting open source projects out there need help getting off the ground? Anything from contributions to the main project, help with documentation, tutorials, etc.
Michel Foucault also wrote about this essay. His essay starts thus:

> Today when a periodical asks its readers a question, it does so in order to collect opinions on some subject about which everyone has an opinion already; there is not much likelihood of learning anything new. In the eighteenth century, editors preferred to question the public on problems that did not yet have solutions. I don't know whether or not that practice was more effective; it was unquestionably more entertaining.

> In any event, in line with this custom, in November 1784 a German periodical, Berlinische Monatschrift published a response to the question: Was ist Aufklärung? And the respondent was Kant.

(https://www.libarts.colostate.edu/leap/wp-content/uploads/si...)
How to build custom elements with Angular CLI
Remembering a chat with my landlord just a few days ago, I can only say ...

Indeed. Neither are money or laws. Or promises, for that matter.
The entire frame is bogus. Starting with Socrates, westerners like Kant believe that cognition (computation) is a solitary endeavor. Thus humans are "vulnerable" to group-think and it's up to the philosopher to "break free" from the illusions of common society. But this is of course the "very persistent illusion." The reality is humans are group think machines, carefully evolved to carry out distributed cognition (language, consciousness -- which is always of others).

Kant is fundamentally wrong when he suggests that a single person is unenlightened if he only accepts such truths from others because any rational and sane person in any significant group (>150 people) must accept the vast majority of their knowledge from second hand and third hand sources -- or go live alone in the forest. His command -- “Have courage to use your own understanding!” -- must be directed to the society as a whole. An enlightened society would be precisely that which had freely investigated and shared all of its knowledge as widely as possible.
An invention is an actual thing that implements the idea.
You know the UK no longer has ASBOs, right?
> No, I mean that by banning porn creates an illegal market for it. Supply and demand.

Not all things in one's culture should be viewed as a market transaction, nor is it appropriate to overfit them as such.
> The same [1] claims in "Visual Summary" that the "cycles/byte" is 1 for various PRNGs but http://xoshiro.di.unimi.it/ seems to show that the reason splitmix64 is not preferred everywhere is that xoroshiro128+ is roughly two times faster than splitmix64 .

I have tested xoroshiro128+ vs splitmix64 in several procedural generation & simulation code bases in C and Swift. I could never confirm the numbers on http://xoshiro.di.unimi.it/. In fact, splitmix64 was slightly faster in all my tests with different optimizations enabled. I always assumed that's because its state only occupies a single register which certainly matters in practical applications (especially in C with its restricted calling conventions). I am not absolutely sure whether that was always the reason, though.
True. I go through phases like this. For two whole weeks I will write (creatively) and draw, and then I usually find there is a day or two when I can't seem to do much of anything useful besides menial tasks and watching stupid videos. Then I go through another two weeks of analytical stuff-- reading, catching up on work (programming and mathy stuff), and doing planning for my writing. I can control it, if necessary in a day. The urge to do one thing or another is an intense "mood" for me (which, like I said, normally has a two-week period). This indicates some kind of synchronization, so if I want to switch I use musical triggers: airy, melodic music for creativity, and beat-heavy, algorithmic music for analytical activity. I only need to listen to the music for a few minutes to switch, and of course it sometimes doesn't work but I don't know of any other triggers. Possibly going out for a short walk could do it too? Meditation?
Copyright law is a mess, but there are archival services, like the Internet Archive, that can effectively advise someone on how they can, in a way that does not cause one to risk legal liability (a problem much more real to the average person than generally-theoretical and mostly-breathless chances of criminal charges) to them, preserve those artifacts for the future.
> it seems so inefficient to bring the entire computer online just to maintain its temperature

In what sense is it inefficient? In terms of energy 100% is converted to heat anyway
Gibbard's Theorem
Whoever made the call to implement this third-party service as their private messaging system made a terrible call.
It's fundamentally because:

a) most people are along for the ride that it's a moral imperative to keep all of the population happy
b) the more money you have, the easier it is to make money. If you don't even that out at all you end up in a feudal society where some dude owns all the land, air, water and you're effectively his slave. Which is broadly the direction America has been going to for the last (30?) years

Fairness is very motivating for people but I don't think it's how you should base your society, I don't really think there's such a thing as fairness as a useful concept.

The real fix is a wealth tax but that is hated by both the old and the rich (look at how mansion tax policy was received in the UK). It's also kind of harder to measure than income.
Depends what you mean by competitive. Generally speaking reference counting offers better memory efficiency and more deterministic performance than tracing. These are usually desirable traits for mobile apps and games, and in many cases servers too.
Guess French is out :/
For data analysis, there’s a lot to be said for examining the data instead of blindly piping your data through something.
And it also creates a danger that the car behind won't stop in time, leading to a rear-end collision.

Inattentive tailgaters shouldn't be accommodated. Sure, their problem becomes your problem when you brake hard, but I'd much rather be rear-ended (with head rests and the whole rear of the car as a crumple zone) than plow head on into a stationary object at high speed.
I always figured it was a corruption of 'cuius'
Those are very fireable clients, though.
The trolls haven't upped their game yet.
I’m not aware of any particular Jeremy prejudice, I just thing it’s strange that a guy with an English/Hebrew name feels entitled to claim exclusive ownership of Chinese culture. Anyone can wear anything or be called anything in my book.
WWDCast – The unofficial WWDC application for iOS
Ask HN: Which IoTs/smart home devices are useful and aren't gimmicks?
I'll admit upfront that I'm skeptical of IoT devices and anything that fits into the "smart home" category. I think the majority of it just isn't that useful and adds a lot of complexity and failure modes to stuff that would otherwise just work.

Do any of you have any recommendations for products/configurations in those categories that are actually useful and that don't have issues with complexity or security? Thanks!
If it's a pattern of unwanted behaviour it might meet the threshold for harassment. In the UK this would be words of advice from police to stop, followed by a court order to stop, followed by punishment for disobeying the court order. In reality victims of harassment spend years trying to get it to stop so in the example given almost nothing would happen.

If there's anything untrue and damaging to his reputation the defamation laws are available, if he can afford to take it through court.
More like MUD. The cost of litigating a patent war between companies at the scale of Google is so high, that it’s generally not in anyone’s interest.
As others have said, these are probably the wrong shops. My math degree has (I'm told) been a differentiator from pools of CS applicants.
Don't you see that you're projecting your own needs on the world around you? Physics isn't required to make you comfortable or happy. You aren't finding truth, you're just inventing reassuring delusions.
I would hope it runs something other than BASIC. BASIC is a terrible language, and the only reason it became popular is that there was a book published with a lot of games written in that language. People buying a home computer wanted games, and the commercial game market was initially nonexistent, so people wanted a computer with BASIC, since then they assumed they could play those games. The designers of this new computer might want to restrict themselves to old hardware, but there is no reason for them to restrict themselves to that old accident of history.

Naïvely, I would assume that something like Forth or Occam would be much better for this, and both are also age-appropriate.
Not a direct answer, but immediate REM sleep is a symptom of narcolepsy. So the animal displaying the most REM sleep is probably a narcoleptic human.

It just makes you tired, no matter how much sleep you get.
Who decides what constitutes "legitimate" criticism and the state? That line is too hard to draw.
thats what i thought. seems easy enough to do. I'd like to see more evidence to support that theory, I'm rather sceptical.

i was remembered of that very rare condition where your brain cannot ever enter the deeper sleep states. these people usually die rather soon after onset of exhaustion. what has been confirmed through these people is that narcotics dont help at all. while you can ise it to make them 'sleep' long enough, it's not helping with the condition. so brain warming cannot be the main reason for REM, if it's one at all.

edit: fatal insomnia is what i was referring to.
Should anything be taxed? I exist nearly entirely off the grid and it's been the best thing I've ever done for my mental and physical health.
My own understanding of this, as a layman who has been driven by curiosity to read a bunch of journal papers on the subject:

Consider the developmental paths of cell differentiation/specialization over the evolutionary history of animal species. Neural cells and muscle cells both have a common progenitor cell (i.e. a stem cell will differentiate into this cell, which then has one or the other as potential descendants.)

This sort of means that there is "code sharing" going on between the structure of nerve and muscle cells, moreso than between these and, say, liver cells. And, since animal muscle cells evolved before animal nerve cells, it's likely that it's directional—it's less that these are two "classes" with a common, well-factored "parent class"; and more like nerve cells are a "subclass" that has something closer to muscle cell functionality in its "parent class", and overrides that functionality heavily until it does what it wants.

Or, to put that another way: ignoring the particular way nerve tissue structures itself, and the receptors it grows, etc. Functionally, nerve tissue is, effectively, just muscle tissue that is balanced very precariously by its electrochemical environment to be in an always semi-conducting state, where the tissue as a whole will never go all-the-way-resistive (that's excitotoxicity, both in muscles and in nerves) or all-the-way-conductive (that's flexion in a muscle; but that's a seizure in a nerve. For the nerve-as-muscle, that's okay, it's built for that; but for the nerve-as-controller-of-functioning-elsewhere, that messes things up.)

Nerve cells rely on a lot of the code they've "inherited" from their muscle-cell "parent class" for their functioning. This includes the part where muscle tissue (and so nerve tissue) gets oxygenated by pumping its own blood through it [and clears waste by pumping its own lymph through it], by inducing subtle sinusoidal increases/decreases in electrical activity to cause increases/decreases in capillary diameter.

This is especially important for the brain, given that the blood-brain barrier prevents blood from being "driven" through the brain by the heart. The brain has to pump itself, and therefore has to induce electrical activity in itself.

For the brain-as-muscle, this electrical activity is useful. For the brain-as-neural-network, this electrical activity is—from what I understand—a form of interference to the signal the brain is trying to propagate/compute. The brain has evolved to deal well enough with this interference to make it not get in the way of accomplishing the goals the brain was evolved to accomplish; but, necessarily, evolution never bothers to go any further than that. So, as long as the effects are "harmless" to adaptive fitness, that interference is allowed to leak through as a signal interpreted by the brain-as-neural-network as thought, or perception, or what-have-you.

And thus, dreams.
Typical paid proprietary licenses also explicitly indemnify the authors.
Practice?
Plain "Chinese" commonly refers to Mandarin in English usage.

The CCP is trying to wipe out the other dialects as soon as possible, anyway.
Yeah I think it will take another couple of years for VR to become mainstream (i.e. smartphone mainstream). But I think the Oculus Go is the beginning of the mainstream adoption (maybe like a Palm, and we need 1-2 years more for the "iPhone").

From my experience, VR is a huge gamechanger (a new paradigm that will enable a lot of new innovation) whereas AR is also cool but doesn't have that new paradigm potential (like e.g. the internet, smartphones etc. did).
The classic reference, for those HN readers who are not in the post-literate society, is Joseph Tainter's Collapse of Complex Societies. The book explains Tainter's theory explaining collapse (increasing social complexity without commensurate improvement in quality of life) and concludes with an unconvincing representation that our society does not meet the conditions motivating collapse.

https://www.amazon.com/Collapse-Complex-Societies-Studies-Ar...
And a simple Bic disposable pencil to write with.
This seems like a potentially great use case for robots. I wonder if any cave exploration teams have used robots to map and survey cave systems.
Note that overflights of the USSR started well before the U-2. As early as 1946, the US was flying reconnaissance planes (usually modified strategic bombers) over the Soviet Union. The U-2 came about because the Soviets began to gain the ability to intercept and possibly shoot down those flights.
Welcome to the buyback economy
I'd rather ask why the HN crowd overreacts to an idea floated by a low-ranking government minister that is nowhere close to becoming a law.
Breaking Apart a Phishing Attempt
Damn, good luck. So much for a free and open internet!
The problem is that, because of how the election works, there's no way to know if that's relevant.

States that reliably vote for one party could easily be discouraging a ton of people in the opposite camp from voting at all, since they know their vote won't matter.

(In particular, I'm thinking of California, which I don't think anyone doubted would go Clinton. And yet it still managed to get around 30% votes for Trump. How much higher would that 30% be if there was uncertainty about which way the state could go?)
> So, one OS is paid and one isn't.

Quoting from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canonical_(company):

Canonical achieved a small operating profit of $281,000 in 2009, however until 2017 it struggled to maintain financial solvency and took a major financial hit from the development of Unity and Ubuntu Touch, leading to an operating loss of $21.6 Million for the fiscal year 2013.[19] The company reported an operating profit of $2 Million in 2017 after shutting down the Unity development team and laying off nearly 200 employees. The company now plans to focus on its server and professional support solutions, which have proved to be most profitable. By shifting resources away from Ubuntu Desktop and cutting less profitable products and services, Canonical plans to maintain solvency and achieve long-term profitability.

"one isn't" (your words) to the extent that they had to switch focus away from the desktop OS to stay afloat. Much as people would like to pretend otherwise, the almighty dollar/euro/yen/etc. is still what matters most.
Give. The context & usage “inquisitive” or “inquisition” as roots seem the most plausible.

Though inquest and inquire seem to be related - especially in the latter case meaning “to question”.

Possibly it’s a slang corruption of all of them too. Language is strange.
In what sense do you not "own" your codebase if you release it under the GPL?

There is no concept of property for information. By hiding your source codebase and the way it is being built (the same logic applies to your DAW music project, your video software editing file project etc...) you are making life harder for people who try to replicate features of your software, understand techniques behind it or pretend to be you to sell the software instead of you (others examples are welcome).

So I can understand that the GP /feels/ like he owns it more, even if it is just a feeling.
I think what we're really upset about when it comes to rich people making a lot of money through investments is not that interest isn't taxed more, but rather that they had such a high (non-investment) income in the first place. In fact, I think there should be zero investment taxes. My reasoning goes like this:

If I would rather have two coconuts seven years from now than one coconut today, and I'm willing to find someone to sign a contract to make that trade with me, why do I deserve to be penalized more than someone who would rather have just one coconut today? This is in effect what capital gains taxes are. Penalizing future consumption in preference to current consumption. But there's no reason we as a society should prefer one over the other.
>> selling at a higher price is how investors "get out" of the game, but allow other investors to "take over the reigns", all without the company having had to pay out dividends at inopportune times.

No. Selling is how investors get out. No need for a higher price because they presumably got a return via dividends. If there's no increase in stock price, there will be no capital gains on the sale price either.

Reinvesting all the profits into growing is a phenomenon that became popular due to tax law. A dividend paying company can still make the choice to reinvest profits rather than pay them out. That will just mean a lower dividend than if they paid out all the profit to shareholders.
> No malloc().

...by having your own arena allocator! I do agree that it is quite doable in this particular case, but I always remember that a custom memory allocator of OpenSSL made Heartbleed much more devastating.
Nowadays most software depends on open source one way or another, and as developer you will eventually run into issues with the open source software that you depend on.

Also, larger companies internally operate much like an open source community, having multiple projects that accept contributions from anyone in the company.

Reporting and fixing public issues as part of your employment is a sign that you care about the ecosystem that you are part of, giving back rather than just benefiting from it.

It's not necessarily a showcase of your coding skills, because these contributions are usually small, but it shows that you will get your hands dirty if needed and fix the problem at the root, instead of hacking a workaround in your own code base. It also shows that you have no problem with learning a new code base and delivering code according to that project's quality standards.

If you don't have any public activity it may imply the opposite: that you are just freeloading your community, that you are prone to doing workarounds instead of fixing the problem upstream or that you are unable or reluctant to contribute to other projects.
Some answers to questions I had

Uses WebGL with fall back to server side rendering with tiles, they call it "adaptive rendering modes".

What for? "Unify on a single map provider with familiar, flexible APIs" (from WWDC slides).

Free tiers
----------

Mapbox
web
50K map views / mo
50K geocode / mo
50K directions / mo
50K matrix / mo

mobile
50K monthly active users
same requests

Apple
web and mobile
250K map views / *day*
25K service requests / *day*

Google (new style $200 credit system)
(this is too complicated)

web
$200 free credit buys one of:
14K map views embed advanced, might be anything with search/directions/routing, including on mobile / month
100K map views static on web / month
28k map views dynamic on web / month (this hurts)

mobile
unlimited mobile map views (very simple kind)
14K map views for anything interesting / month
40K direction requests / month
~10K Places calls / month

That's the max for any one service if you only use that service. So you could use 20K direction requests and 14K dynamic map views for free per month.

Google Maps gets expensive quickly, 71K embedded advanced map views per month is $1000 per month.

roughly
Google Maps: very expensive
Mapbox: moderately priced
Apple Maps: very cheap

Licensing...

Google is restrictive. Can't be behind a login, can't track vehicles/assets, can't embed in a web view on desktop, in practice can often not embed in an app on iOS.

Mapbox is famously open, you can do all the above.

Apple seems like they might be more like Mapbox, given their goals, but can't find any licensing yet.

If the licensing turns out well, this could very nice for cross platform maps.
The simple PCG example on the page outputs 32-bit numbers, using 64-bits of state and 64-bit arithmetic.

What is the recommended way to generate 64-bit numbers with PCG? Just generate two 32-bit numbers and stick them together? Or does that introduce bias or bad parformance?
You'll have better luck herding cats.
It's both pretty tightly tied to real identity and mostly public. Add to that, like it or not, it's heavily used by recruiters, etc. for professional jobs.
"The more constraints one imposes, the more one frees one's self. And the arbitrariness of the constraint serves only to obtain precision of execution."

- Igor Stravinsky
> chemical warfare during World War II

Aside from Italy's campaign of Ethiopia and Germany's campaign against a variety of civilian groups, I'm not familiar with chemical warfare being used in WWII. Was it discovered as a result of one of these?