skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
> Thanks for that, I can see these things would be useful - but are they a 'killer app'? Like it seems a lot of work to figure out the abstraction to build the monad, when I don't really need to do this, cause I only have to do this one thing.

Most of the core monads are already done. You make new ones to define new compositions of new ones and bring in new features. I've only ever needed to make a genuinely novel monad once. You often don't even make custom monads, you make custom typeclasses that explain how to do your work within a monad, and then pick the ones you want.

> and I can say when I strike this problem I can use this monad write a few lines of code and go home? Maybe thats the goal?

It is. But as I said, a lot of time what you're actually dealing with is a custom transformer stack with either Identity or IO at its root. So you just write generically and specify what you want. In practice, it's not very difficult.

> Like Swift can define types as optionals, which sort of looks like the Maybe in haskell (to me any way).

They are. Good example.

> Monads I just can't see why they're good - you've given a couple of examples and they seem useful, though they're not things I can't do with other language constructs, perhaps not as elegantly.

What's incredibly hard to do is write code that's generic in this axis. There are other examples exercising these principles and pretty amazing things can fall out of that. For example, lenses use a weaker abstraction (functors)and they can make a function that depending on how its' called, either gets a value inside a struct or rebuilds the struct with a new value. Pretty amazing!

> I'm wondering if I'm missing something huge? :-)

Maybe. But as many people have noted, Haskell is a comittee language that is surprisingly good as an accident of its features all happening to stack together in a somewhat unplanned way. So there is more to the story than this, but this IS a pretty unheard-of story.
Yes, they would be just fine. “Southern hospitality” really is a thing here, and our cities are much more diverse than what one might think if you haven’t visited. On my street where I live in my very affordable single-family home, we have virtually every major ethnicity represented, and everything from blue collar workers to doctors and software engineers.

Texas is different politically than California, but it is just as good a place to live for anyone coming to the Melting Pot. And in the end, both states face many of the same problems, the major cities are very similar, and the rural areas are also very similar.

Disclaimer: I live in Texas, and have lived in many other less cowboyish states, as well as living several places internationally.
The shifting semantics of "crypto" is incredibly frustrating; it makes it very hard to talk about in the technical sense.

I know that language is in a constant state of flux (my background happens to be linguistics) but it seems the mainstream media has a real penchant for butchering technical terms.
Rounding Up the Risks of Big Ag
Why does the state with the best weather and scenery have such a retarded government
Reminds me of fuzzy matching systems like Alfred that will try to learn which key combos you use to launch each app instead of trying to offer you predictability.

But "fi<enter>" never launches Firefox anymore because of that one time you accidentally launched Finder instead. And since you keep accidentally launching Finder that way, it never learns that you want Firefox.

So you try "f<enter>" but you accidentally launch Flux. And because you keep forgetting it thinks "f" = Flux, it always launches Flux.

So you have to use "fir<enter>" to launch Firefox. But "fire<enter>" somehow launches Firewatch, a game you forgot you had installed on your laptop.

It's the most obnoxious system ever where each additional keystroke reorders the entire fuzzy result list in the name of "learning." It really is the opposite of predictable.
What's your policy on database updates? I ask, as the map on your home page is missing some updates that I made to my local area about 6 months ago.

As an aside, are you are of any method for distributing changes to the OSM database as they occur? Failing a live stream, something like an hourly torrent?
Your source is talking about domestic (within USA) migration, not total.

The number of immigrants to CA during that time far exceeded 1 million net loss domestically.
Matt Bruenig on Using the Internet to Build a Think Tank
Let that be a lesson to anyone who would donate money to the University of New Hampshire.
> Bitcoin and Zcash are stores of value that allow users to participate in this decentralized application space without the need for fiat currencies.

How is Bitcoin a store of value? An ounce of gold is a store of value - someone had to do the work of finding and mining it, and it can be used to fill teeth and conduct electricity. Gold is portable, uniform, durable and divisible, so it is a commodity that has good currency qualities. But almost every commodity that can be sold is a store of value - what value does Bitcoin have?

Bitcoin boosters scout around the world for some commodity to compare it to and fail, as it is inherently valueless and ultimately worthless, i.e. ultimately worth nothing. So they come across the US dollar, an item whose value has a question mark over it. So they say "this is like a dollar". Of course, one can then just say a joke cryptocoin like Dogecoin should have a market cap that is over half a billion dollars. And it does ( https://coinmarketcap.com/currencies/dogecoin/ ). Even Dogecoin's creator says the half billion dollar market cap is all just a big joke.

Bitcoin doesn't even have the portable quality of a good currency. Bitcoin transactions have hit large transaction latency issues (or had them when I last looked into it when I did a transaction a few months ago). So the "currency" isn't even good as a currency any more.

US fiat currency was indirectly backed by gold until 47 years ago, and with the window then shut, it is now doubly-indirectly backed by that gold (the US did not get rid of its 8000 tons of gold at Fort Knox and other locations in 1971 when, apparently, a magic wand was waved over Treasury department printing presses, giving them the power to create value). I won't go into why the dollar and Bitcoin are not equivalent here (but if someone makes a coherent explanation why the US did not get rid of its 8000 tons of gold, I will).

At least Pets.com, subprime new housing development real estate and so forth had value at some level. These cryptocurrencies have no value. They are all going to crash. I wondered for a while when and how that will happen, but now I know - things like Dogecoin and its clones will bring it down.

Another thing - anyone who bought Bitcoin, Ethereum or Lumen in January is currently under water. All three currencies dipped at that time, and in fact all cryptocurrencies dipped simultaneously. So when the (total) crash comes, I predict all cryptocurrencies will go to zero.

As Keynes said, markets can remain irrational longer than you or I can remain solvent.
I actually don't know who the moderators are here, nor am I looking for any specific outcome. Even if I knew all the mods, I would treat them as any other member. Not doing so would imply I treat other members poorly or that the mods have a god complex, neither of which I believe to be true. Moreover, if they deem me unfit to be a member of this community, I doubt grovelling and theatre would do any good.

> Second, you're continuing even still with unwelcome, potentially hurtful, and overly-judgmental characterizations of another member's opinion

None of which is a personal attack. It's quite literally impossible to not be hurtful to everyone all the time. It's not worth my effort to go out of my way to not be direct (which isn't rude).

It's more than possible to find an argument BS or laughable without that being a commentary on the presenter of said argument. Plenty of not-stupid people make stupid and shitty arguments -- myself included.

I expect my BS, poor arguments, and bad reasoning to be called out and corrected without needing to beat around the bush or otherwise sugar coat it. I'm an adult, I can accept when I'm wrong when presented with a convining argument. I expect others to find some of my opinions dumb, or otherwise incompatible with their world view. That isn't the other person being uncivil, disrespectful, or otherwise antagonistic or launching ad hominems. They shouldn't feel ashamed for voicing that either, many times over if I'm presenting my opinion as some universal truth.

> The majority of HN participants debate issues -- even ones that are contentious or may have "obvious" answers -- with an inclusive tone that conveys respect. We'd do well to look to them for inspiration.

What have I done that's disrespectful or otherwise not inclusive. It's very saddening that simply finding someone's opinion, especially one that's no where near deep-seated or otherwise a defining characteristic, so over the top with exaggeration that it's funny is now considered not inclusive or disrespectful.

People can be respected without needing to baby them and protect their egos.

However, arguments are not the people that make them. Arguments deserve no respect simply for existing. The fast bad, false, or ineffective ones die, the better. If we can't sit and discuss arguments and options without everyone taking it personally, we will never be able to get far as a society.
The subscription craze for utility apps as mentioned in the post is especially frustrating. I'm not talking about apps that need to maintain a infrastructure, but just normal apps that really should not be subscription based.

I get it, monthly subscription is a constant flow of money which makes things more predictable (and more profitable), but these things add up for the user.

Here are some apps on my phone that changed to a subscription model

- Timepage: Really nice calendar from Moleskine

- Day One: A journaling app

- Ulysses: Mentioned in the article

- Spendee: Budgeting app

Some other subscription apps:

- Moleskine actions: A todo list from Moleskine

- Carrot weather: Really cool weather app that already costs a steep $5 (for a weather app), but still has a in-app subscription for extra stuff (arguably not needed but still)

- CamScanner: Usable on free tier, but watermarks scanned PDFs. Why does this need a monthly subscription? Bought ScanBot for $5 instead.

- Bear: Note taking app

There is absolutely no reason why a calendar or a journaling app should have a monthly subscription.

I am glad that I went in early on apps like Day One and Timepage and got a lifetime subscription out of it, but if it wasn't for this, these apps would have been off my phone already.

It's odd that I am starting to get happy when a new major version of an app (like OmniFocus) gets announced and it's just a one time price instead of a subscription.
They are more similar to commodities like gold, silver, or other precious metals in that they behave much like monetary assets.

Tons of people do invest in gold/silver for retirement.
I always hear people saying that blockchain is being used for all kinds of interesting things that gives them intrinsic value, but that's not why bitcoin's price has gotten so high (and recently dropped so dramatically, but still very high).

Bitcoin and most other cryptocurrency is almost exclusively used for speculation. People generally buy bitcoin for one reason and one reason only: to get rich from selling it later.

A currency driven in this great a percentage by speculation is a dangerous bubble. Until it lives up to the hype and this blockchain ecosystem actually exists in a density large enough to realistically support the currency's valuation, I would listen to Warren Buffet's advice.

There's a lot of adherents who are reaching fanatical levels of devotion to blockchain, and those types will explain away any unbeliever's lack of faith. The fact remains--cryptocurrency is almost entirely driven by speculation. A sustainable currency doesn't do that. A Ponzi scheme does that.

A lot of the blockchain applications seem really kind of flimsy and hollow, as if they are really there to prop up a crypto fortune in the hopes that some kind of ecosystem develops and prevents the inevitable crash. Those probably aren't going to work. Once again, it points to fact that the primary purpose of the currency is currently just a get rich quick scheme.
I'm a 21 yo with $70k to sock away who's confused as to getting a solid 7% guaranteed year over year.

But obviously that's not what's stopping us from socking away $70k at 7%.
I wonder if there’s a better cheap thermal printer than receipt printers. The thermal printers used in ultrasound machines seem really nice.
Oh yeah, I forgot about fractional reserve banking. I did learn this at some point, but it's not something I think about on a daily basis.
Because we count success as someone clicked on the article at all as opposed to how they used it. People talk about the studies and A/B testing done to support the claims of rich media being all the rage, but how easy would it be for any of these studies to miss the forest for a tree?
You don’t have to maintain them. Their warranty is 25 years, they’ll produce beyond that. It’s a no brainer.
Thank you! Your respect for your customers and customers-customers is highly evident not just in the privacy and "not grow at any cost" aspects, but also in the soft-limit decision. I hope you do well while keeping that attitude!

I have an idea in the works and was beginning to research self-serving OSM tiles for it. Will definitely try Stadia.
I don’t think currency is a good explanation for the use of these stones - they seem more like assets, such as real estate or gems.

“The value of stone money has always been fluid, challenging the Western concept that currency value is pre-determined and fixed”

The value of commodities and real estate continually change in relation to currencies and each other.

“The coins are valued by their size – they range from 7cm to 3.6m in diameter – as well as their ornateness and even for the sheer difficulty in obtaining the rock. How much a coin is worth also depends on who you give it to, and what for.”

Sounds similar to gemstones or jewelry. What if these stones were faceted and fit on a ring? It doesn’t sound to me like this is a currency system. It’s simply assets that they use for trade.
Not sure if "weird, fad-based franchise" is the correct term here. It's more of just a basic trend cycle in effect.

Froyo places are far from dead, it's just that after the initial uptrend with a place on every corner, it has solidified as a market of a few chain stores. I'm expecting the same to happen with escape rooms.

Also, not sure if low-cost is right either, escape rooms are usually around 30e per hour per person at least here where I am from.

and finally, your last sentence feels like a weird sort of "oh its just x but with y" handwaving that you could use on any sort of new activity.
I learned about this from the "metamagical" section in a Scientific American magazine from the 80s, good times. Apparently Uri Geller did it on tv and didn't work.
It's also starting to get really weasel-wordy. There's a billion crypto scams going on these days. It's not the only thing going on, but there's a hell of a lot of old-school cons and then there's a hell of a lot of softer, less malicious scamming that is just based on over-confidence in a very buzzy trend.
Illegal immigration is a separate issue. I am not sure that any reliable records can be produced for to account for that, given that they are by definition off the record.
As the CEO does he not have some accountability into this culture and dependence upon contractors? I don't possess any knowledge of the internals of Tesla, yet to me this seems like leadership wanted to reduce the cost of headcount and have flexibility in how they dealt with it. Hence the dependence on contractors.
I can’t be the only person thinking “What the hell is BPF?”. I know that probably means I’m not the audience but it wouldn’t hurt them to just state that the very first line.

Updated with article about BPF: https://lwn.net/Articles/747551/

Really good talk by the Cilium folks that explains these concepts: https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=ilKlmTDdFgk
I don't think it's not easy to classify bitcoin as just one certain category. It's a community-driven entity which purpose is constantly changing. I think it ought to have a completely new category.
Man, this would be great way to soak up a bunch of concepts and then hire out a team of full-timers if those hobbyist founders happen to gain some traction.
Actually it doesn't save them anything, in fact using densified propellant where it's not actually needed to get sufficient performance for the mission (i.e a ISS launch) will cost more in fuel as SpaceX always fully fuels the rocket even if all that fuel is not needed (provides margin in case of issues and for landing the rocket)

Arguably it'd be riskier to use non densified propellants for these missions as then they'd be using different procedures than the cargo missions they launch regularly and will have less experience with it and opportunities to find and fix any issues on a cargo mission before it affects a manned one.
I can only tell you what the study I quoted says. There may be factors, such as illegal immigration, that it doesn't take into account. In terms of legal residents, the state has lost 1M people or about 2.5% of its population.
My first thought is that it’s “Berkeley Packer Filter”, see here for some context on what else it’s used for: http://blog.memsql.com/bpf-linux-performance/
Kinda both. My immediate use is almost netpbm like: mask flags to blurred outline or gradient transparency maps, so you get the flag and the map blended together. I think I'd like to precompute them for all 250 economies. So thats a download use. But, if you provided good 64x64 icon sets (for instance) I imagine most web users would do a reference.

I'm assuming its cloudy/cdn backed, so it becomes both local and cached.
The study I quoted was done by the State of California. It's most likely a reliable source.
Gold/silver are also speculative assets, not investments (per Warren Buffet definition, which I like and use myself). Just because they are speculative assets doesn't mean it's a bad idea to buy them.

An investment would be putting your retirement money in a startup for instance. And that would be a very very risky investment with near guarantee of complete loss of capital.
Stocks. Not an every year guarantee but over 20-50 years you'll be fine... If you want 40% you can apparently get Argentinian bonds at the moment ... [EDIT: This last bit is a joke, if it's not clear]
You make some fine points, but the dominant consideration here is a simple practical one: we know from many years of experience what an internet forum turns into when people respond to others with "Give me a few minutes to recover from laughing, please. Impenetrable. Lololololol." and similar. It leads to flamewars, insults, and tire fires. The smart people get tired of it and leave. The rest keep flaming each other till nothing but scorched earth is left.

So, while I personally agree with some of what you said, I can't let you post like that, for the same reason that if I were a park ranger I wouldn't let you start dangerous fires. If you want to keep commenting here, please read https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html and make a point of using the site as intended.
It certainly would have been beneficial if she had written down her financial planning and published it upon her death via her will.
This is no doubt a very selfless act, however, I don't agree with people of such wealth living in a rent controlled apartment for so many years and denying a genuinely underprivileged person/family the opportunity to live there.
I initially agreed with the parent comment, but you drive a good bargain as well with yours. Still, I think the actual problem is not that it needs to be defined, but that we are trying to define it in the scope of singular current definition, while we actually need to implement a new definition, possibly with the help of mixing current definitions.
Nuclear was a fantastic solution, then we wasted a lot of time, and they take a long time to come online, and renewables got a lot better. If it makes sense then go for it, but I doubt it makes sense any more.
Don't baselessly stereotype an entire state. Having lived in both the bay, LA, Austin, and Dallas, I can tell you that there is no issue for immigrants or homosexuals in either of those locations.

The only difference is the sense of superiority in California echoed in your comment indicating that California is the only place with enlightened people.
At which point it disperses very easily as it floats up. The key is just to keep it separate from pure oxygen, not keep it contained
Screen grab at: http://algebras.org/ggm/StadiaMaps.png
Why do you say she "obviously beat the market"?

Estimate that the stock market has returned 7% a year for last 67 years (counting inflation, counting dividends).

Then if she saved $6,300 per year for 67 years, she would have ended up with over $8.2M if she used an indexing strategy (no insider trading necessary).

rate = 1.07
num_years = 67
yearly_savings = 6300 # dollars
net_worth = 0
for _ in xrange(num_years):
net_worth *= rate
net_worth += yearly_savings
print '{:,.2f}'.format(net_worth)

8,284,436.90

If you change it to 6% return, she would have have to save $10,200 a year. I'm sure 90% of the people reading this can save $6,000 - $10,000 a year. All you need is a regular job.

Yes there are some things wrong with this analysis, but the point is: compound interest !!!

(Feel free to post a better analysis, using real data instead of the annualized return. The results shouldn't be substantially different. The returns are adjusted for inflation but the amount of savings per year amount probably should be too. $6K is easy to save today, probably wasn't in 1955. Also probably take into account that fees were higher in 1955 and index funds have gotten better.)
Its speculating, same as penny stops isn't investing.
I don't see how.

In my experience, the sort of person who's an emacs power user has clearly demonstrated they are capable of credentializing in tools.

At which point why would you assume they are any less capable than someone whose editor preference you know nothing about?
If nothing else, that one doesn't take into account births/deaths and immigration/emigration outside the US.
I disagree - especially with you second sentence.

I think you’d have a bunch of owners of XOM and CVX, etc stock that would beg to differ with you.

And if you don’t like those, take a plane out to Midland, Texas and drive around a bit - you’ll find quite a large number of people who do invest in oil. They may be further out on the risk spectrum than you are, but if they aren’t investing, then you can’t call buying FB or GOOG an investment either.
Speculation is a critical part of the process. It's called "signaling".

If price of Aluminium goes up a lot, people will be "signaled" to build more Aluminium mines, Aluminium smelters and so on. All of these people are driven by profit. Yet their profit-seeking provides a service, at least until Aluminium will not be needed anymore.

The same for bitcoin. The ever-increasing price signals all kind of people to do all kind of things. This is critical for adoption.
It's really exciting to see technology being moved into the mainline kernel (see the lwn/mailing list posts) and being so quickly useful to many entities doing serious work (tm) with it.

KubeCon Copenhagen just wrapped up, and I'm working through to watching all of them but here's a video on eBPF applied to tracing:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ug3lYZdN0Bk&index=5&list=PLj...

RIP to people who were working on nftables.