skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
It might be interesting to try to map this onto English law and see what he'd get over here.

https://www.sentencingcouncil.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/Frau...

Look at "Fraud by false representation", "fraud by failing to disclose information", "fraud by abuse of position", "Conspiracy to defraud", and "False accounting" (because some of these feel useful and the sentencing is similar).

When looking at culpability I'd say he matches all of these except targeting vulnerable people:

A – High culpability
A leading role where offending is part of a group activity
Involvement of others through pressure, influence
Abuse of position of power or trust or responsibility
Sophisticated nature of offence/significant planning
Fraudulent activity conducted over sustained period of time
Large number of victims
Deliberately targeting victim on basis of vulnerability

Even if these were not present he doesn't match the lower culpability section.

When looking at harm there are 2 categories: he probably meets the highest level for the first category:

Category 1 £500,000 or more Starting point based on £1

And if he repaid all the money he probably meets the lowest for the second.

With culpability level A and harm level 1 you'd start with a 7 year sentence. Then you'd look at aggravating factors (did he try to hide the crime; did he try to prevent people reporting it) and mitigating factors (did he show remorse; was it a doomed enterprise; did he have a serious medical condition requiring intensive imminent treatment; etc) to increase or decrease.
If you document your architectural decisions and their rationales well, you don't need to repeat the same conversations over and over again. This also helps newcomers to understand why the existing choices were made.

While I understand where you are coming from, you are missing a great opportunity, i.e., getting an outsider look on what you are building.
I did c++ in vim for a while, the movement in vim made it an excellent experience. I found the lack of intellisense made it annoying at first, but it force me to read the docs for the API or library I was using, which lead to much greater knowledge and probably a better implementation.
It is why his bail was revoked and certainly played into the judge’s sentencing
Can you send me an email? I might have something like that working soon.
What jury? Federal criminal sentencing is done by the judge, not a jury.

Also, I don't agree with GP, but arguably the outcome is less relevant to the risk to society posed by reoffense than is genuine remorse or the lack thereof.
> No ex-convict wants to return to prison.

Some do. Perhaps the most famous example is Charles Manson who said he'd been in prison for so much of his life that it was his home.

Sorry I forget the source, but one longtime prisoner said that after release, it's like he was still in jail, because after being imprisoned, the real prison is in your mind.

Incarceration becomes a mindset.

With three strikes laws locking people up for life for relatively minor third offences, this should give us pause.

Putting these examples aside, there is a lot of evidence that punishment simply does not work.

For example many states have the death penalty for capital crimes, sometimes by the medievally brutal electric chair[1], and still people continue to commit murder.

[1] Like burning at the stake with all the modern conveniences.
Your sarcasm is showing your ignorance of the law. The level of monetary damages are absolutely considered when sentencing.

That is why Bernie Madoff, who caused billions in damages, got a very harsh sentence.
Why is that? Couldn't you keep php running for the lambda lifetime? That way only when the lambda cold starts there would be no cache.
Genes are expressed in response to a signal, and no two bacteria in a population are ever receiving exactly the same signal, hence heterogeneity of gene expression.

Some bacteria have a "persistent" phenotype which means that they slow their metabolism way down, stop replicating and just hang out although they are genetically identical to the rest of the population. Normally (or in nutrient-rich conditions) this puts them at a disadvantage vs. the rest of the population, but in the event that there is an antibiotic compound the persisters survive way better. Persisters make up a very small percentage of the total population but can end up re-seeding the entire population after antibiotic treatment. It's not clear how the persister phenotype is regulated, so scientists often refer to it as stochastic. The really interesting thing is that persisters and non-persisters are genetically identical, and it's thought that maintaining some level of persisters in population is a bet-hedging strategy of the population.

*will edit with sources in a little bit
Sentences are largely set by the guidelines published by the United States Sentencing Commission and are based on a standard table[1], which assigns "points" based on the severity of the crime and level of involvement [0]. While it's plausible his sentence was harsh for "political reasons", it's more likely that's just the way the points added up based on the facts of the conviction.

[0] https://www.ussc.gov/guidelines

[1] https://www.ussc.gov/guidelines/2016-guidelines-manual/2016-...
>At the same time, people can get hyped up about what they read in internet tabloids or are told through the media, and politicians will be forced to respond to that.

This is spot on. That gives a heck of a lot of power to news organizations. That's scary when thinking of the quality and journalistic integrity of many, if not most news organizations. People react much more strongly to what they read/watch/listen to on the news. If the news can get them hyped up on a topic (opioid crises is the latest) then the politicians react, typically just enough to get the news off their back. We're left with ham-fisted solutions that make the problem worse. x30 years.
Skills required to complete the job.
Maybe 1, 3, 6 month goals.
Another example of a straw-man argument. No liberal thinks we have unlimited money. But we do think that the wealthy gain tremendous advantages from the common payments by all citizens, advantages that the wealthy like to ignore exists.

Remove the roads, public utilities, courts, police, fire, army and all the other things that the citizens all pool their money to pay for and let's see how easy it is for the wealthy to get or stay wealthy.

If you own a factory, you are not going to make a lot of money if you personally have to pay for the roads, for the power and water companies, for a private army to protect you, etc. That's why we should have a progressive tax system, one where those who have worked hard to gain wealth have to pay back to the system.

That concept of the progressive tax system has been understood as just and fair since the times of the ancient Greeks. Even Ben Franklin himself discussed in his Autobiography why he had fought (twice) in his life for a progressive tax system.
+1 Wireguard, much simpler than OpenVPN is my experience.

https://www.wireguard.com/
Yikes. Not really looking forward to this. I've always found Grab to be pretty sketchy and unreliable compared to Uber when traveling in SE Asia.
Volume rendering?
I'm afraid the steel tariffs sabotage US trade and relation with allies more than China. Most steel imports don't come from China http://www.politifact.com/truth-o-meter/statements/2018/mar/...
Then you fall back to normal surgery.
This is not something you can expect ever to find out, burning with curiosity though we may all be. Since there's never a guarantee that every vulnerable system has been patched, it's very unlikely that Cisco will reveal the password. (It could, of course, be leaked somehow, but you will never find out officially.)
Are you purposely being dense?
He didn't even defraud the wealthy. He played fast and loose but he won for his investors.
Indeed, your edit is way more civil ;)
Let's agree on not agreeing then (and sorry, no, I did not learn anything).
Really recommend watching Shkreli's interview with The Breakfast Club where he's attacked for all the things he's become infamous for in the public sphere (drug price hikes, wu-tang album, etc.)

The guy gets it, and played the game the way it was presented to him. He actually comes across as a very smart, thoughtful, and respectful guy that can roll with the punches and dish back when needed. Sure he's a bit of a troll, but can you blame him when some of the most public figures/role models currently in the US are paid and rewarded for extreme trolling? Feel he's been very misunderstood, and it's a shame he got the book thrown at him

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JTNOWSKMS10
Exactly. Matt Levine has a good summary:

https://www.bloomberg.com/view/articles/2018-02-28/big-compa...

"The government's argument is that those investors did lose money; it's just that Shkreli eventually paid them back after they started complaining. If your fraud loses money for investors, and they catch you, and you pay them back, then the losses still count. And while Shkreli has an argument that that's not what happened here -- that he gave Retrophin stock to the funds out of the goodness of his heart after they suffered honest losses, rather than to settle legal claims from disgruntled investors accusing him of fraud -- it is frankly not a very good one. And so he is getting tagged with the full amount that investors put into his funds, even though those investors all ultimately got paid back.

That seems analytically correct, though also a bit rough on him. Shkreli is obviously an unpopular character but he is not, as these things go, a particularly bad fraudster. His lawyers were seeking a sentence of "perhaps just 16 months or less," and that actually sounds about right to me for this sort of fraud. If he gets much more than that, I suppose it can be technically justified by legal arguments about the amount of loss that he caused, but I suspect it will really be driven more by his all-around dreadfulness."
These kinds of claims when made about fasting are IME usually talking about autophagy. https://www.niddk.nih.gov/news/archive/2013/working-out-heal... is the least shady synopsis I could find. That mainly talks about exercise - for fasting, people seem to be most interested in the mTOR pathway. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3266408/figure/...

I'm not qualified to judge the literature as a whole, and it appears to be an open question whether this can be translated to actionable advice, but we're not in complete bullshit territory here.
Why do you feel the need to bring up personal details about your hardships in life?

I speak from firsthand experience. Many people do that on a regular basis here, but their firsthand experience is as a comfortably well off male so no one has any objections to them mentioning their gender, the kind of work they do, their general social class, etc.

Suggesting I should not ever mention any of the details of my life amounts to trying to make sure no comfortably well off people need to be disturbed by the awareness that people like me exist and it de facto takes the position that my life experiences and points of view are less valid than that of people with cushier lives and fundamentally not welcome here.

And I don't only talk about my hardships, of course that fact also gets used against me. Never mind that my life is still far from comfortable, if I have time to post to HN, my life is too cushy to complain about. Wow. The denial here runs deep.
I'd appreciate a "how we make money" section on the site. It's not clear how (if?) you do, and that scares me a bit when considering an extension that'll run on sites that take my credit card.
this is a really helpful distinction; thank you for pointing it out.
I think the noisiest ones are yeah, but most Vim users I know (including myself) have a tiny .vimrc and a handful of plugins. I think generally if you're a Vim user you're a "less is more" person so that probably permeates through.
This strikes me as a classic separation of buyer interests from vendor interests leading to misaligned incentives. The contractors have no incentive to update their equipment. In fact if this is scientifically proven to be a major solution they should want to avoid this. If the province could incentivize the vendor to pay them more for every year there is no pothole and punish them for every pothole they would totally adopt this tech.
They actually had their money tripled. Tripled. Tripled.
> I never broke my habit of the old school CUA keybindings

For me it's the opposite. I can't switch to IDEs and sometimes accidentally close browser tabs because my brain has mapped `cut` to Ctrl-W.
Assuming a delaware corp and foreign registration in your home state, just say roughly $1,000-$1,500 if going through an attorney for that part. Stripe has Atlas which I think does most of that for $500, but I don't think includes some of the state fees, so probably a little more.

The SAFE note, should be able to be taken to an attorney and have needed details filled in and revised based on your specific situation. I would expect that to be less than $2k in general. That would be roughly 6-10 hrs of attorney/paralegal time generally which seems adequate to make modifications.

$15k seems high to me for just incorporating and modifying the SAFE note. However, $15k in legal fees to raise $1M doesn't seem totally out of line. e.g. closing documents, due diligence support etc.

Make sure you know what it is covering and not covering, because that makes a huge difference in whether it is reasonable or not. Also your location makes a huge impact on this as well as the law firms reputation and history of doing this stuff.
Intuitively I agree that most convicts do not want to return to prison again (though I am certain you can find examples if you tried).

But I believe the argument is that the way prison/punishment is structured right now makes reintegration into society difficult, and as a result is ineffective.
Not to be nitpicking, but I said 'there are circumstances' which is not the same as 'it's commonplace' (it's actually implying edge cases).

That said, thanks for a better definition of 'jaded' even if not applicable! :-)
Well he wasn't sentenced for any of those things. His real "play" was securities fraud.
Publishing art with a theme is not automatically politics. Nor is it a “game”.
> refreshing to see some considerations that go into making decisions like this

Most businesses over a certain size figure out their "COGS" (Cost Of Goods Sold) which is what it costs to produce and sell their product if the scale goes through the roof. Then they decide what the "margin" is (the mark up that we get to keep ourselves). And there is your price. Some premium products are based on super high markups/margins, but in competitive areas the margin is usually lower than 50%. The MOST competitive areas (like food in supermarkets like Safeway) get as low as 20% margin. Now, the COGS doesn't include salaries of certain people in the company like the software engineer's salaries to produce the service. The reason those aren't included is they only write the software once, then you can sell it an infinite number of times. So the margin/markup goes into paying the software engineer's salaries. So the margin isn't ALL "profit we keep in a big swimming pool and swim around in".

Programmers like me learn all of this in the first year of running their first startup company, so it isn't a secret. :-) I think the business majors learn in their freshman year of college.
You're right and that's because the "low-effort thinkers" that are the Republicans prefer slogans such as "tax and spend liberals" instead of actual thought.
Yes, but you are getting distracted by exactly what you were supposed to get distracted by. He was hated because he hiked drug prices (and he was a dick). The news jumped all over this story and he was a perfect scapegoat.

Sadly, It's still perfectly legal to corner a drug and hike the prices. That was the bigger crime, and it continues to go on, costing taxpayers and patients millions if not billions of dollars, and sometimes costing their health.

Yes, hiking drug prices isn't what you should be looking at. Look at Shkrelli! He's in jail; problem solved. Politicians are now off the hook with this conviction. No problem here, justice served. /s
America refers to The United States of America. Same as we don't refer to Mexico all the time as Estados Unidos Mexicanos.

I don't approve of getting upset over turns of phrase online. Principle of charity.
He did some thing wrong on Twitter, so instead of government prosecuting him for that, he was prosecuted for an unrelated charge?
Make sure there’s a clear description of what the organization does.

For things like programming where there’s a lot of variety, some stuff indication of typical working environment is really nice. Daily standup? Lots of pairing? This isn’t a right/wrong thing but will help people with strong preferences avoid wasting time.

What’s the office environment like? Single offices? Team rooms? Cubicles?

Remote-working policy.
Wu-Tang ain't nothin' to fuck wit.
Such a fantastic book.
> Yet, people find static Go and Rust binaries a useful feature

People find junk food convenient, but encouraging people to form a habit based on it is no favour to them. Both situations prioritize instant gratification, the difference is that with downloading random binaries, you really only need one of them to lead to trouble for it not to have been worth it.

> some notable problem with the Linux ecosystem

How so? Care to name a platform which has "solved" this problem? They're all either "go and download a random binary from a random site and plonk it somewhere/run an installer that does god-knows-what" or lead you to installing "apps" that are so isolated from one other that general purpose productivity on such a platform is almost impossible.
Years ago, I had a French class that used "French in Action". Video lessons were a pretty new thing, then, and it had 52 half hour videos that included a running story that kept the viewer engaged. I found that worked very well for me. I was supposed to learn one college year's worth, over about 7 weeks. Instead, they had to place me into third year French when I was done with that course. (Which, to her discredit, rather pissed off the department head -- I'd taken the French in Action class elsewhere.)

"Destinos" is a similar program that came out for Spanish, a couple of years later. Actually, due to some recent events, I'm using it right now -- this time without a class/instructors -- and I'm finding it likewise useful and effective. Its story also spans the globe from Spain to Argentina to Puerto Rico and finally Mexico, so the viewer gets some exposure to a variety of accents/dialects.

http://www.learner.org/resources/series75.html

The videos are free to stream, at least in the U.S. If you have any trouble, shoot me an email with "HN" included in the subject line, and I can provide you a bit more direction including possible alternatives.

Through used sales on Amazon, I picked up the textbook and workbooks in quite good condition for about $10 - $15 each. Note that there is one "edition" of the videos but two editions of the text and workbooks. There is also an "alternative" version of the text and/or workbooks. "Alternative" means its content is varied and directed more towards group activities suitable for a classroom or other group learning experience. (So I gather from my own research into what to buy.)

P.S. Also, keep watching the shows and such. A lot of language learning happens before the words; the sound of the language. That includes different languages emphasizing different frequencies of sound; your brain needs to learn to pay more attention to those frequencies and not disregard them as part of its filtering and processing.

Also, find some Spanish language/lyric music you enjoy listening to. I did that with German and French.

In addition to getting your ear used to the language's sounds and rhythm and all, it's fun when you suddenly grasp a new part of the lyrics. And it starts to plug you into the culture surrounding the language.

I don't have much of a playlist for Spanish, yet, but I hooked onto Bomba Estereo a few years ago when a world music show in my area played one of their songs that captivated me.

You can find their stuff on YouTube. I heard "Pure Love", and thereby found their album "Elegancia Tropical". Etc. Might not be your speed. But you'll find things you like.

Good luck, and enjoy!

P.P.S. Both these classes were made in significant part with grant money by foundations and had significant aspects of "public good" in their generation.

They are part of what convinces me to continue to advocate for "public education", including at the post-secondary level.
From what I've read (including one of your sibling comments), when it comes to CP there is much less of a seller and user dichotomy. Many times people are both consumers and producers. Some sites/networks will even require someone to submit new content before they can join to see other content (although I don't have a source for this and don't particularly care to dig one up).
bulls make money, bears make money, pigs get slaughtered
The problem is even if they can build near feature-parity as a streaming platform (compared to Twitch and Youtube), the second they make any discernable profit Twitch is just going to re-assign a few developers and blow them out of the water.

Things like storing VODs (videos of past streams), community tooling, etc., are hard and EXPENSIVE. The developers have a very hard path ahead of them.
Wonderful. Very cool.
Canadians and Alaskans and most Northern Europeans get up in winter darkness.

I suspect it's something you either get used to or move away from.
I'm a ham and I agree with you but you're missing the fact that the people you may hear locally aren't indicative of the broader hobby. Yes there are a lot of grumpy old elitists chatting up the airwaves every day, but there are also people who rarely if ever talk but still do things with the hobby (like myself). There are so many sub-genres in the hobby that someone can always find something they enjoy.

If anything we need more people like you to get involved so we can have more diversity of thought.
It would be incredibly easy to frame the comment as "For those of us with the privilege such that not making such choices amounts to laziness." It isn't framed that way because the 99 percent are implicitly assumed to not exist or not read HN or something. That's inherently problematic.

If you can't even acknowledge that a large portion of the population exists, there is going to be hell to pay when your proposed solutions de facto step all over them.
Yeah I find intellisense/autocomplete really changes the way I design things. Without a tool like this, I spend a lot more time designing obvious, guessable, simple interfaces. With intellisense I'm not as concerned with that and I'll have much larger interfaces. I'm not saying one is better than the other (a lot of smaller, guessable interfaces might be more overhead than a few larger interfaces) but I do prefer my code w/o intellisense.
If you want to see evidence of corporate propaganda on Reddit, see www.reddit.com/r/hailcorporate

They definitely have some false positives, but they also have examples of absolutely ridiculous and obvious campaigns
Whereas Linux probably has had privesc holes once a year for 20 years, Cisco definitely has not. Their core products have been rock solid for decades. Only their newer, non-IOS stuff has had persistent problems lately, with a few of IOS holes.
Sure, you can pass by pointer instead of reference, but the post also mentioned that they didn't use the STL (hence no std::vector) and I'm curious if that means they used a replacement library or something else.
Waffle House can remain open even without water or power
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