skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
The first step is to learn how to do things for yourself. It's an essential requirement for discovery, which is what bug finding is. I hate to be trite, but it's true and that's why no one's voting you up.
You might be able to convince me that at least one person lied on the census, but you will have a very hard time convincing me that even 10% of the dead/moved eldery had somebody lie to the census about their existance. I find it far more likely that most of these people are a series of clerical errors.
Atleast at Facebook, the PHP code quality and abstractions are very very good, and getting better. Developing the compiler in-house has some advantages.
100% sure it's a CJ-5.

The little dip above the rear wheel and the spacing between the filler and the rear wheel arch make it an 81" wheelbase version.

It could have been an M38A1 as well, but that one has a front window in two parts, and it does not have a tailgate.
We did exactly that in our compilers class at school.
A friend of mine does freelance infographic work. You can find some of his work here: http://www.flickr.com/photos/pseudoplacebo/sets/721576054194...

His homepage: http://ejfox.com/

Contact info is at the bottom of the page.

I hope this helps. :-)
I think one of the main things is to go into it with a more positive attitude, i'm not criticising you or anything, but you seem to already view PHP with disdain.

Personally i'm a PHP dev and love it, sure its got its ugly parts, but what language doesnt. Its a very easy language to learn especially if you have prior coding knowledge, pretty much every single host out there supports it by default, and there is an excellent manual as well as a ridiculous amount of resources for learning it.

Personally i'd view learning any new language as a good thing, as at the very least it makes you a better coder in your own "native" coding language.
If `BigNameCorp` writes a lot of PHP seriously, you won't notice that many problems. It's not going to be PHP anymore. It's going to be Symfony, Zend, Cake, or something else (maybe even some proprietary, internally used framework). It isn't that easy to find pure-PHP code these days - it just takes too much time to write.

If you do however see an old-style "let's just include everything", "global variables are cool", "just shove it into $_SESSION" kind of code... well - good luck, you'll need it ;)

There's also going to be some forehead slapping as you discover what is not possible (like `function_returning_array()[0]` => syntax error)

I get to write PHP once in a while but normally prefer Python. It's easy to spot in the style of the code written... but otherwise, no problems. I'd just suggest changing the error reporting level to maximum - it's not hard to write a lot of PHP code that will both work correctly and report tens of warnings per line.
So it is possible to write an entire webapp in Node.js? I think I'll try it out on my next project since I don't have experience in any web frameworks. I wonder if Node.js has any Postgres bindings.
"Quality" of a language, in your definition, doesn't seem to take into account community, support, ease of use, or pervasiveness. PHP is certainly not at the bottom of the list if you include those attributes, and if your goal is to learn a new language those things become very important.
>However, while studying math in university I did lots of homework and it actually helps with understanding.

I find that comment interesting and befuddling all at the same time. Which bit of your course was homework. I did a modular course in the UK including modules of Maths at honours level - we had lectures and tutorials on subject fields, did library study, computer based exercises and "labs", example problems, proofs and the like.

Which bits are what you consider "homework"? Did people really get degrees without studying outside of lectures?

When your entire life is self-motivated study I'm not sure how you draw a line and say "this bit is homework"?
Where Is the Digital Highway Really Heading? (1993)
By Dahl himself, actually.

http://github.com/ry/node_postgres
I studied History. Studying history for history's sake is a waste of time. You're better off studying history from Wikipedia if that's what you want to do. Incorporating history with theory (yes, history has theory) will make you more well rounded. I wrote a history thesis which incorporated ideas from linguistics, psychology/sociology, and economics to understand a historical context. Such methods are interesting because you can understand the present much more deeply.
On the contrary. Language snobs have programmed in multiple languages. That's why they can clearly recognize a flaw when they see it. If you've always used a tool with the same flaw you likely don't recognize it as a flaw and just think that that's the way it works. Or you do kinda recognize it as a flaw but don't realize how much it slows you down.
Just because you don't want to work with a language (especially PHP, dunno about Perl) doesn't make you a language snob. If you're closed off to any languages other than your preferred language, you're a language snob.

That said, there's nothing wrong with programmers being picky about languages. Not only are languages what we're forced to think in day in and day out, but they affect what tools we can use, how we structure our code, and (like it or not) what jobs we can easily get.
I've filed bug reports for other languages and have never so much as received a confirmation, let alone a patch, the php devs responded within a few hours, that shows to me they care.

> PHP tends to be at the bottom of the "language quality totem pole" because as a language it's pretty low quality. The PHP interpreter may be fine as a piece of software, but that's a completely separate matter from being a quality language.

It is specifically for that reason that I broke it down in to two parts, and apparently we agree on the language quality from a design point of view, but from a 'have to use this in production' point of view we do not.

> You say the PHP devs have a sharper focus on quality than other languages;

That's a straw-man, I said no such thing, but it does happen to be my experience that the PHP devs respond very quickly compared to other platforms / languages.

> Can you provide and kind of evidence for those claims?

And no, I'm not going to provide you with any 'evidence' for my claims, you can take my word for it. This is not a court of law, and besides that I never made any claims about other languages before this comment and I don't feel like putting other languages and/or their developers down.

I know PHP as a language has its flaws and that there are some unfortunate choices made in the past that are very hard to undo but that's no reason for losing all objectivity.
Ah right, I was stuck in 'topic' mode :) Sorry!
Some of us never lost it http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Land_Rover_Series
My thoughts exactly. A degree is nothing more than a signal of your intelligence. How else to show potential employers that you are in fact smart?

If money is the real issue, then transfer to a State school. Enjoy your time in college, it only comes by once. You may seem bored and frustrated, but the time will be gone before you know.

Work on launching your own startup. Failure right now is not a big deal. Make the most of your time.
> and the the Python people say "come jump in the water is fine")

Doesn't this come simply from other execution environment? PHP is used for websites and you're very unlikely to need/want threading there. I've never heard django/rails/whatever people complaining about threading (apart from the actual HTTP server people).

On the other hand, Python got popular in research / number crunching (numpy, scipy, etc.) / networking (twisted, tornado, diesel, etc.) -- and the multithreading requests seem to come mostly from that camp.
Also, note that you could have google.evildomain.com - At least until you get a C&D order that is.
"If `BigNameCorp` writes a lot of PHP seriously, you won't notice that many problems."

It also depends on how long BigNameCorp has been around. They might take coding seriously now, but legacy code in general is a pain to deal with. Much less legacy code that's been written in a language like PHP.
Isn't that like saying "please walk on the dangerously iced pavements, if accidents aren't reported they don't get gritted"?
Ok, as someone who majored in something unrelated (International Relations) to what I'm doing now (web development), and having run a business since high school, I think I can give you some insight.

Get a degree with something practical underlying. I wish I had done econ as a second major, or minor. But more for purely intellectual reasons (what financial motivations cause people to do things). Your major is really 60 ( i think, its been a while) of your 120 credits, in some cases its even less.

So use your 20-30 remaining courses wisely. This whole idea of telling people you majored in something imaginary will honestly make you look more like a smug a-hole for years to come than clever, and people won't take you as seriously as you are taking yourself. think about how this sounds "I majored in life studies".

However I highly recommend working on your communication skills, take lots of classes where you have to write analytical papers on a variety of subjects. The greatest businessmen are also great communicators. They know how to convey their pitch and turn it into sales.

take a media studies course or two, take an intro to marketing course, take commercial law (one of my fav courses), take an international business class, and before you realize it you've just knocked out a minor in business/commerce.

Math wise, talk to an advisor in that department, your goal seems to fall under 2 courses: statistics, and financial math. both very useful. Calculus and higher may not really solve your issue.

History wise, you're on track here to understand human nature, and likely sharpen your paper writing skills here.

don't forget to take a science course or two, even if they aren't complicated/hard science classes, you want to avoid a narrow-focus and expose yourself to great minds all over.

you might also think about taking an introductory Computer Science or engineering class. I wish I had taken more of these as well.

One of the key things you're going to need is a good advisor or multiple advisors. Most advisors in college don't care about your track, they are just forced to help you, and have a huge volume of students to deal with. Here is an insider tip (both my parents are college profs): look through the course lists, find ones that interest you, and look up the teacher's email. Shoot them an email, tell them you'd like to pick their brain, and want some advice on their field. See if they are free, and if you can come by their office hours. People LOVE to think others find them interesting. Before you know it you'll have a handful of advisors, many whom could help you in your business pursuits as well.

so in conclusion, get a real major as its going to help you be more marketable to others (think people investing in YOU, long term). Take a bunch of interesting classes, don't be afraid to take a class in another department (just ask, they'll let you in), and if you plan correctly, you can probably knock out a bunch of minors w/overlapping courses.
An example of history I loved was in a public policy course. My teacher was great and talked about the founding of America - and how much propaganda and the art of words played into it. He went over specific strategies, and I took from it in a real way the importance of rhetoric. It's something that's stuck with me.There's maybe 3-4 history classes in my school I'm interested in, though.

Also, can I read your paper, and/or have more resources on what you're talking about? It sounds fascinating.
It reminds of http://chi.mp and http://www.nic.tel, neither seem to have taken off.
PHP has 3079 built-in functions.

That about says it all.
Pg's "roots of lisp" Lisp eval function - adding defmacro
I wouldn't try to convince you that dead people did anything.
Wow - this is really about the fundamentals of LISP. I don't think pg had touched on this level before.
Dylan Web in 60 Seconds
Early telecom standards battle: "Hello" vs. "Ahoy"
'Here You Have' my opinion, enticing users to click...
C++? Strange. It took me time to learn seriously. I used to reread "Effective .* " every few months.

Python/Perl/Ruby/PHP fill such a similar niche that I try not to go between them, because it would be boring.

My personal plan is to next go Erlang, Perl 6 or some Lisp variant.

Edit: Job offers for 2011 or so would be appreciated. :-)
The Kohana PHP framework source (http://github.com/kohana/core) is a great example of well-written PHP code. You can definitely get a sense of the "good parts" of PHP from reading through the code.
The Cloud Computing Business: What Happens Next?
NBA income is more than enough to buy happiness
That essay is good, but the math advice might lead a practical minded person the wrong direction. There's a footnote which suggests you want to learn math-major math, not engineering math. As a math major I can assure you my coursework in the foundations of abstract algebra has been about as useful as my medieval philosophy classes. If you want to make the robot put the bomb in the right place or have the credit derivatives swap into your trading account, you'll still need to know all the tedious engineering math. The math major-y stuff might be a good intellectual workout, but you can probably get the same cognitive effects by learning classical piano. With music, you'll also end up with a skill that is inherently enjoyable qnd impressive to others, instead of being stuck with a skill that makes adults nervous and children upset.
Or you could do ctrl+mweehlup ?
Good books or articles on randomness?
Recently I've become very interested in randomness. This includes pseudorandom number generators, random number tests, as well as statistics and probability. I would really like to learn a lot more about these kinds of things since I know very little about them at the moment.

I'd like to know if there are some books, articles, websites, or blogs that people recommend I read. These should not be too technical (I'm in high school), but I don't want something that is too broad or general as well. An ideal book/article would be one that introduces a beginner to randomness and includes mathematics and statistics (or at least has some numbers in it).

In addition to the book/article suggestions, I would love to hear everyone's opinions on randomness here on Hacker News. I personally believe in determinism, cause-and-effect, and materialism (which I feel all are quite close connected). Since I haven't found any good books yet on these topics, I've learned most of what I know from websites and Wikipedia. Recently I started pondering how I could write a program the test the "quality" or "randomness" of a random set of numbers. I was confronted with the enormous difficulty of this task, and I ended up spending more time debating with myself whether this was even possible. I've heard of chi squared tests and I know there are other tests out there, but I don't know much about them. Isn't it hard to really know what you're looking for when you're testing random numbers? I mean, what is the ideal set of random numbers? Is there one?

This brings me to a conclusion, coming from my ignorant perspective on this area of research. I hardly know anything about what I'm talking about (so I hope know one takes offense from what I've said or am about to say), but it seems as if there could be a close connection between psychology and random number generators. A random number generator is only as random as it is portrayed by our brains. Right? The objective is too make a set of random numbers that are not predictable by us. It looks as if people have taken many approaches on testing random numbers, but I'd like to see some research that people have done on how we, humans, can act as the testers (which I'm sure has been done before many times). Maybe an experiment to see which random number sets humans can least accurately guess the next number in the sequence?

To conclude this lengthy post, I'll summarize by saying that I find the fields around randomness very fascinating and I'd like to hear you recommendations on relating books or articles that would be good for a beginner to read.

Thanks for your time!
Ask HN: Sale of LLC Interest to Co-Founder. Advice? 
Hey HN!

LONG time lurker, first time posting...

Well the time has come for me to move on from my start-up, and I will be selling my interest in our LLC to my co-founder (50%). We're leaving on good terms and sale will benefit everyone in the long run.

My Question is does anyone have any advice? What tax implications are there?

We currently have just under 1M in liquid assets (Cash) and 250K in hardware.

I will be working with our attorney, tax advisor, and CFO but I always like to go into these meetings knowing what I want to get out of them.

Do you think I should bring in outside council?

Everything is operating under good terms right now so I really don't want to rock the boat too much.

Thanks in Advance.
> I certainly don't know or care if those questions are mandated by Congress. (I don't find it hard to believe that they were though, or at least mandated by a group set up by Congress for that purpose.) It doesn't really matter.

> What I'm sure of is that they weren't mandated by the any of the people who questioned our author, especially if there are check boxes for them in some software. They probably weren't mandated by anyone who had ever met any of the author's victims, or even heard of them. And the people who mandated them will most likely never even hear of this guy or the handful of nutjobs like him.

They probably weren't mandated by anyone at all, or at least, no one with the rightful author authority to mandate answering such questions. Thus, it's valuable to the rest of us that some exceptional people will assert their right not to answer.
I, on the contrary, trust Google here.

They're known for their extensive testing. I highly highly doubt that they would make such a major change to their main page without knowing for sure that it would be for the better.
8==============D~~~~
I've used quite a few languages and even though I see the flaws I just shrug and get on with the job at hand, re-writing something because a code base is not written in 'your' language is the mark of a pretty inflexible programmer.

A language snob is someone who derives a feeling of superiority from the language they use, in reality the tools matter a lot less than language snobs will have you believe.

I've worked with lots of people over the years, and some of them were all-out snobs about 'their' chosen language.

These people were extremely irritating to work with because they refused to look past the minimal advantage that you derive from working in language a,b or c.

The stuff most of us create could be implemented in just about any language without anything close to the kind of 'slowing down' that you allude to, it all boils down to how well you know your language and the environment you operate in, as well as knowledge about the domain you are building your work for.

In my experience the choice of language has a relatively small impact on the speed of the initial build and the quality of that build.

Over a longer term for less than rocket science style projects it is far more important to have good documentation and a supply of reasonably competent coders than that it is important to do your project in any one specific language.

Of course, there are languages such as brainfuck and a bunch of others that you'd do well to avoid for many reasons but I take it we're limiting the discussion to the top 10 languages used to build everyday applications and web-apps, say Java, C++, Python, Perl, PHP, Ruby, C# and whichever won't spring to mind at the moment.
yonatan, I never heard back from you after last weekend... I assume you have lost interest?
Yeah, I agree there. That was seriously out-of-place and unnecessary.
I think there's more than one kind of language snob out there. Some of them have never programmed in more than one language, and so naturally think that language is the best. Some don't regularly program in any language, and take whatever fad du jour is on Reddit as gospel. But others have programmed in lots of languages, and have tried the languages in question, and that's why they think it sucks.

It can be difficult to tell them apart. But one way is to look at the depth of their criticisms, and how many of those criticisms you've heard before. If they say the same things everyone else says, chances are they're talking out of their ass. But if they can come up with unique, detailed, insightful reasons why a particular language sucks, it's pretty likely that they've used it extensively and have some idea what they're talking about.
Thanks for this excellent response, it's something thats been on my mind. A lot of what I want to do is in communications but it sounds stupid to say I majored in communications. The name is important.

But here's my issue; anything that sounds sexy for business doesn't work for me

Marketing Management - A lot of this looks interesting, but here's my thing: It seems, from my experience, people with marketing degrees are no better at marketing than others.

Management - These classes look useless to me.

Economics - I'm not interested in the macro part of the economy as a career

Finance - I'm not interested in large scale money management and investing.

So my solution is an ad hoc major. I wouldn't have to call it "life studies" or another lame name. I could pretty much call it whatever I want, right?
"To put that into perspective, 850 billion is enough ISK to buy about 2575 PLEX."
Yeah, to the extent of turning into Ents.

No, thanks.
I still think that something like Arc + LLVM's vmkit + fast FFI and async IO is a still good idea. Anyone? ^_^
When will:

1) Companies learn that to cheap out on the payment process and go through PayPal is stupid and things like this WILL happen. You deserve what happens when you go through PayPal as it means you either didn't research it's history or didn't listen to the warnings.

2) Customers learn not to do business with a company that is too cheap to setup their own payment process and not go through PayPal. By supporting business' that are using PayPal we allow the cycle to continue.