skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
> "I've seen people with their teeth eaten away from drinking super sized gulpies"

Oh really? So you made sure that their tooth decay had nothing to do with the bacteria in their mouth? How did you do that? Did you take regular cultures of their mouth bacteria? Did you monitor and analyze the progression of the tooth decay to determine the proportion that was caused directly by food acid, rather than by bacterial acid? What were your methods exactly?

If you did all of these things, perhaps you should submit your findings to a journal, where they can be compared to similar research, performed inumerable times over the last half century, which shows that bacteriogencic acids are the overwhelmingly predominant cause of tooth caries.

Yes, I'm aware that you can erode your enamel away by brute force with soda pop. Here's one documented case: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2676420/. You'll note that the paper specifically calls out the concomittant role of bacteriogenic decay, and endorses the utility of fluoride treatment in its prevention.

> "If you really want the truth, keep looking on government websites"

You mean like the list below? Really, this is getting silly. I'm happy that you have your dental health well in hand, but you're strangely insistent on maintaining ignorance as to why what you're doing might be working.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK8259/

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4232036/

https://report.nih.gov/NIHfactsheets/ViewFactSheet.aspx?csid...

https://www.nidcr.nih.gov/health-info/tooth-decay

https://www.nidcr.nih.gov/health-info/tooth-decay/more-info

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0072698/

https://www.nidcr.nih.gov/Espanol/SaludOral/Saludoralenlos/T...

https://www.nidcr.nih.gov/OralHealth/Topics/ToothDecay/

https://www.nidcr.nih.gov/OralHealth/Topics/GumDiseases/Peri...

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0032936/

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0032936/

https://www.nidcr.nih.gov/health-info/gum-disease/more-info

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1287824/
Sometimes a Model S will do:

https://electrek.co/2016/02/25/mail-man-tesla-model-s/
Plastics being biodegradable might not be much of a net gain. It would help clean up some, but it also means all that carbon makes it’s way into the air. Mixed bag there.
I agree that without absolute measurement, it’s still just dead reckoning. However, the article is dedicated to describing a novel source of absolute measurement.
Slate Star Codex on Gun Control
This is the best invention ever for the ones that you do pay 5 pence/cents for:

Rubbermaid Bag Recycler Wastebasket
https://www.amazon.com/dp/B000RNFEFQ/
Replace Snap with something else. For example: "In One Tweet, Kylie Jenner Wiped Out $1.3B of Microsoft's Market Value" to see how ridiculous it can get, then think about why is that.
One more - flagging and vouching have an invisible weight to them, and I'm about 90% sure that weight is based on how well your flags and vouches line up with what everyone else does.

I've been here for years, and it used to be that when I flagged things, they went dead instantly. After a particularly controversial thread or two, not so much.

Vouch is the same way - one time I vouched a comment that was pretty plainly insulting, but had something that I thought was valuable for discussion in it. I vouched it, it went alive instantly, I replied, and it was apparently later flagged again. My vouches no longer appear to do anything.

I hate all this cloak and dagger stuff, to be honest. I've more than once stopped myself clicking "flag" because I know that I'll be penalized if I get it wrong (read: enough people disagree with me). And all that stuff above? It's pure speculation, because it's all the UI gives me.

Worse, barring the occasional bit of moderator invention to unkill a post, all of these mechanics serve to enforce a hivemind, whether or not that's the intent. Quality doesn't matter as much as consensus, because the consensus is enforced transparently, the quality with intervention.
> Seems obvious that the solution is more public restrooms

While I agree, it's like saying wrt plastic bags in the ocean, "Seems obvious that the solution is less littering" or "Seems obvious the solution is biodegradable bags" etc, etc. It is just so much easier for people to change laws and affect everyone than target the specific problem.
I'd like to hear what people think as well, so everyone please fire away. The 1st option is very explicit and doesn't modify your environment. The problem I have with the latter option is not just messing with my environment variable (bulk of it is setting PATH), but what will be changed in future releases. I don't have time to read the activate script (btw, there is one activate script for sh/bash/zsh, csh, fish, and bat, but if you are none of them, which likely a very corner case, you are on your own).

Using the 1st method, I am certain the shell isn't being modified and loaded with stuff I don't need, and the command and arguments are explicit (when I look at top, or when I do strace).

Generally, you can continue to do #2; I use it when I am doing development, like having multiple terminals up and just source into the environment, then run pytest instead of the full path to pytest. But I highly recommend #1 when you are running your code in production (webapp or not). I am not too familiar with conda so I will defer that to the experts).
They use dead reckoning.

Dead reckoning requires speed information. They have invented an application specific way to reduce cumulative errors in speed from IMU unit.

Accelerometers and gyroscopes can't differentiate between constant linear speed and staying still (both have zero acceleration) and errors in speed accumulate constantly.
Airplances and ships have ways to measure speed without GPS, even if currents or wind prevent accurate ground speed measurements. Small inexpensive devices like this don't have that.

This application uses foot movement to calibrate speed in every step. The same can be done with laser, ultrasound etc. but doing it with IMU sensors only is a neat trick.
How many cameras have have you walked by already today?
sudo yum
sudo apt-get
sudo pacman

Why wouldn't you naively assume sudo npm was safe if you wanted a global package (I know the behavior of npm...)

This is blaming the victims. If the user can blow their foot off, its not the users fault.
Thanks for the heads up, I'll fix that.
GridDB CE vs. GridDB SE. The features which accompany the enterprise software
Which really means that a major motivator for Tesla at this point will be the threat of a class action lawsuit for selling a feature that doesn't exist and whose timeline keeps getting pushed back.
This is the same problem current safety tech already has. We have cars that can stop themselves in most situations already - things like that + lane detection + distracted/sleepy driver detection would do wonders if everyone had them even without full autonomy.

But they also all add cost to new vehicles, and the average age of vehicles on the road reflects that. It's been climbing, looks like 11.5 years now.[0]

Looks like there's about 260M cars in the US, and on average only ~18M new ones sold each year[1]. Let's go conservative, and say we just need to replace 200M cars with current-or-near-future tech ones to save 30K lives a year. Let's say a 30K car has the level of tech we want. 200M * 30K = 6 trillion.

But car crashes are like 2% or fewer[2] of all deaths in the US. So that's a massive cost that might be much better spent elsewhere. It's not that we can't make cars safer - we can already do that! - it's that there are some much more appealing ways to spend the money if approaching it from a non-commercial perspective.

[0] http://www.latimes.com/business/autos/la-fi-hy-ihs-average-c...

[1] https://www.statista.com/statistics/183505/number-of-vehicle... and https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/TOTALSA

[2] https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/deaths.htm vs https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motor_vehicle_fatality_rate_in...
Or just ignoring all WSJ articles and searching for the same topic elsewhere.
bats aren't traveling 70mph, are they?
> Aside from electing responsible people to government in order to pass regulations, what can a regular person do to change the profit incentives at scale of the companies who are building the mass surveillance systems? It seems a dire and impossible situation.

There's no need to be so fatalistic. The EU is about to enact GDPR; a huge privacy preserving peice of legislation. It seems like the large technology companies are going to give the same protections globally (verification is too much fuss). This is a huge win, and US citizens get it for 'free'.

Here are some ideas for more productive things than despairing on Hacker News:

- Vote with your neurons. Stop using services that you find objectionable, even if you enjoy them.

- Stay abreast of issues via organizations like the EFF, EPIC and the FSF in the US; ORG, Privacy International and FSFE in the UK, etc. Send them your cold hard cash.

- Speak to your representatives, and give them your angle. If they're being paid by the organizations you're worried about, tell them politely what you think of this.

- Socially, as charmingly as possible, let people know what you think about surveillance if it comes up. It's a fun one if framed correctly, as it doesn't divide down left/right lines, and no-one likes to sound authoritarian. Offer help and expertise to people who are wishing to make privacy preserving changes (e.g. move off gmail, set up a pseudonym, configure a VPN, etc.)
I think SC wants to appeal to young people. Young people don't want their parents around. So SC needs to find a way to discourage older folks while not appearing outright hostile.

Solution? Create a somewhat frustrating user experience. For Some reason, younger people will tolerate that and older folks won't, thus you skew your demographics the direction you want.

It's not that the app is impossible to figure out, it's just that it has a lot of unnecessary friction. Another way of saying this is: Adults care more about good UI/UX than younger folks.

I realize there are a lot of assumptions in my argument here, but it is my best reasoning out of the situation.
Yes, you are right. See, that's the other (#%#$^#$%#$ - excuse my Chinese) confusion. Such conflicting name pyvenv and pyenv, someone really could have picked a better name, whoever came later.

Corrected in my post.
Having worked a few years on both, they're both great.
I wish you weren't getting downvoted for this. docker-compose is honestly no more complicated of a thing than virtualenv to use.

That said, main reason to do it is that python is a language of idioms and this is one. It's easier to take the trail than break your own.
Ask HN: Detecting All Zero or All One Memory
I had a bit of a kooky idea. I was working on an algorithm that worked differently if there were any zeros in an array and I was wondering if there was an efficient way to do it without iterating over all the elements in it.

One concept that occurred to me is that a section of memory that's all zeros or all ones would have a characteristic voltage signature. Anything in between would be somewhere in the middle, but nebulously so (since you'd be adding bits in a commutative way). So this instruction would say something like 0 if the section of memory is all zeros, 1 if it's all ones, and -1 if the voltage is intermediate.

Is this concept technically workable and has it been done before on some chip? I imagine hardware engineers use tricks like this all the time, but I haven't heard of a software instruction that does this. The closest thing I found was the C library function memcmp, though it handles arbitrary patterns so it probably doesn't take advantage of a trick like this.

Thanks for your feedback. :)
It's right in the preamble.

"We the people of the United States... do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America"

All powers, including the power to establish the Constitution in the first place, are derived from the people.

Section 8 explicitly lays out which powers we the people are granting to the government: borrow money, regulate commerce with foreign nations, establish a post office, etc.

If powers are not explicitly granted to the government, it doesn't have them.
I think the banning of disposable utensils will be hard to adopt given how big the restaurant/night market scene is in Taiwan. I doubt many people will want to carry steel straws, chopsticks, or forks. When you want to go get food, do you want to think about what food you want? Or what utensil and container you need to bring? It's far more convenient to just provide a utensil there.

There's a post on reddit which basically sums it up - https://www.reddit.com/r/worldnews/comments/7zbjdj/taiwan_to...
Yes: Docker adds an enormous amount of overhead. Instead of your Python code you now have to manage a second operating system for the host (including things like not being able to debug or edit directly, having to debug networking, etc.) and whatever OS + deployment is happening in the actual container.

For deployment, Docker solves a lot of problems but there's a significant cost for local development.
npm installs to a local node_modules file by default, whereas you have to set up a virtualenv or something similar to get that from pip
If they jumped into it 100% too fast, then it might become unpopular because it's such a sudden change, and then reversed or everyone solidifies into a new routine in which they evade it somehow. Easing into it maybe makes that less likely.
I guess market manipulation must be legal, for example remember that guy who shorted Herbalife then tried to manipulate its price downward?

Whatever made that legal must make what you propose legal too: after all she could say "I shorted the stock because I thought it was doomed; I shared my frustration on Twitter out of the same frustration."

That's quite hard to separate from "I shorted the stock because I knew that I could manipulate it into falling by tweeting a negative opinion about it."
Bodybuilders often have BMIs that wrongly predict their health outcomes. They know this, though, and it's pretty obvious that they're not actually overweight. The problem is the average person, because BMI will list them as incorrectly healthy.

If you're a "normal" weight, but 25% bodyfat, you're not in good shape. But you may think "oh, I'm okay" rather than "I really need to adjust".

It seems obvious to me that BMI will tend to error by understating the problem. That means that if average BMI is increasing, the problem is getting worse much more rapidly than you might think.
The article is wrong; although the practical recommendations it makes are mostly correct, it is promoting a potentially dangerous medical theory unsupported by any evidence.

The glucose is important because it enables the _enteric_ sodium-glucose cotransport mechanism to work, allowing the sodium to get out of your gut and _into your blood_ many times faster.

Neither glucose nor sodium directly help with rehydration; on the contrary, glucose and sodium in your gut decrease osmotic pressure and reduce rehydration. However, kidneys tightly regulate the osmotic pressure, and in particular the sodium content, of your blood. If you take in water without taking in sodium, your kidneys will work to excrete the water without the sodium, producing hypotonic urine. If you overwhelm this mechanism with too much water, or if your kidneys are damaged, you can go into hyponatremia, which can kill you.

So, even though sodium interferes with rehydration in the sense of "absorbing water", it is necessary for rehydration in the sense of retaining water.

This is where the glucose comes in. In addition to simple diffusion of sodium out of your intestines, it was discovered in 1968 that the small intestine has a much faster active sodium-glucose cotransport mechanism, which allows you to absorb sodium about ten times as fast. It transports a single ion of sodium together with a single molecule of glucose across your intestinal wall. Until this discovery, as explained in the UNICEF page linked from the article, diarrhea was the leading cause of death among children. Oral rehydration solution diminished that problem enormously, as the article points out, and now respiratory infections are the leading cause of death among children.

(In a stunning example of the failure of diffusion of knowledge, it turns out that enteric sodium-glucose cotransport had been discovered by Crane in 1960, but the discovery wasn't applied to save lives on a large scale for some 11 years. You can read more about the mechanism at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sodium-glucose_transport_prote... or PubMed.)

The article claims that this cotransport mechanism is important in absorption of sodium from the blood by all the cells in the human body, not just in kidneys and intestines. As far as I know, this is a novel medical claim, and should be treated as alternative medicine. I am not aware of any evidence that adding glucose to an IV drip speeds recovery from dehydration.

However, the article's recommendation that dehydration should be treated with oral rehydration solution when possible, rather than intravenous fluids, is sound, already an official recommendation of the WHO, and should be more widely practiced.

(Originally posted at https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=16440265)
You were already told they were profitable, in fact it was the comment you were replying to:

"Twitter is profitable with revenues of $732M".

What more did you need?
There are a lot of folks reevaluating their crawling engines lately now that Chrome headless is maturing. To me there are some important considerations in terms of CPU/memory footprint that go into distributing a large headless crawling architecture.

The stuff we are not seeing open-sourced is the solutions companies are building around trimmed down specialized versions of the headless browsers like Chrome headless, Servo, Webkit. People are running distributed versions of these headless browsers using Apache Mesos, Kubernetes, and Kafka queues.
Kraken has gotten better since their big rewrite (just this year), but it's still not as great as other options (like GDAX). It is better than it was though. Also, Kraken has margin trading (and shorting), and GDAX doesn't (if you want to use those tools).
Changing interests. It's a good thing, so long as it doesn't become so rapid that you risk having a very shallow exposure to everything.

So, take cryptocurrency. Read up on that deeply. Follow the rabbit hole as far as you can stand it. Become knowledgeable enough to tell the scam from the legit. Lord knows there are too few of those people.

Then develop another interest. It's all good.
Anyone considering using this for continuous hyper-parameter optimization in machine learning should be warned that the automatic Lipschitz constant optimization (the novelty of the method) will very likely not work well with a noisy objective function (any stochastic learning algorithm).

edit: Any grad students looking for a paper idea might consider extending this result to allow stochastic objective functions satisfying a stochastic Lipschitz condition.
From Bytes to Mnemonic Using Elixir
My main goal is to drive more ownership towards Sr. Engineers so that they deal with a "VirtualManager" tool for micromanagement and some guidance for issue resolution etc, and only as needed with Director or Sr. Manager (for guidance or difficult conflict resolutions)..
So the Sr.Engineer gets to be more entrepreneurial (in some way).
> Nope. Memory that is indirectly allocated via FFI is not normally[0] accounted for by GC memory pressure and so it should be managed explicitly, not using finalizers. That memory is invisible to the GC. It won't know to collect it. It won't know when the foreign heap has allocated too much, and it won't know to run a more expensive GC collection to try harder when foreign space gets tight.

I'd call that a bug in the GC's design and a problem with its particular implementation of finalizers. Not a problem with the concept of finalizers, and indeed not a problem with all GCs/finalizer systems, as you linked. Android's runtime also allows for finalizers to pressure the heap to avoid this problem: https://android.googlesource.com/platform/libcore/+/master/l...

> Working these things out is not actually rocket science. It's what we did in the days before GC

Non-GC languages have facilities to help with this. GC'd languages don't.

The presence of the GC makes this problem worse by design, so you can't just pretend that the GC isn't involved here. It is. It changed the design of the language. It makes manual tracking harder than it otherwise would be. Therefore it is part of the GC's responsibility to help with the problem it caused.
Too late: http://uk.businessinsider.com/tesla-class-action-lawsuit-aut...
China is a whole different world driving-wise. After I got in a cab in Guangzhou, the driver immediately made a u-turn across 4 lanes of traffic, then drove the wrong way into a 5(?) lane roundabout (explaining "shorter this way"--he would have needed to go almost all they way around in the "correct" direction). No other drivers honked or indicted real surprise with either maneuver.
Agreed. I don’t see how Docker is slower once the compose environment is setup (especially if you’re running Docker in Linux), and proper volume mounts are made to the source files. In fact, I would say developing with Docker will help with deploying to production, because you’ll be able to see how the app will work in production.

I can see Docker being slower if virtualized, but on Linux, it’s just a fancier BSD jail, no?
Of course. Try running npm on a shared fs (fusehgfs). Most things don't work. This is just shit software and the people who make it need to concern themselves with fixing their software rather than trying to prevent imaginary security problems they shouldn't be trying to prevent anyway (I don't know what their security delusions are exactly, but I do know they are delusions). I'm an engineer and a sysadmin and I I know when something should be run as root or not. That should be my choice and my choice alone. I shouldn't be nagged about it and I certainly shouldn't be prevented. But this is npm. That's why people created yarn, I think.
There is only pip and virtualenv. They go together.

Virtualenv creates an application directory. Pip install the required packages into it.
And yet millions do?
Right. Was going to add that ammendum, but didn't get around to it.

The point is users are ancillary, not the primary means of revenue. Whenever there is that mismatch, you'll have issues like this.
> While more people know about bitcoin and more people own bitcoin, it seems like the number of people willing to transact in it has made no progress.

I'd say in some cases there have been regressions. Many indie-type groups have stopped accepting Bitcoin due to its volatility and high transaction fees. Stripe has announced its support for Bitcoin will end late April.

Certainly there's the possibility that things will calm down and it will bounce back, but personally I'm pretty bearish.
Music in the exercise domain: a review and synthesis
Bill Ackerman. Though in all fairness I think he was pointing out some accurate aspects of Herbalife's organization.
For single filers, it's $157,500, with phase-outs $207,500.

For joint filers, it's $315,000, with phase-outs to $415,000.
Thank you for detailed answer.
Running npm as root is bad, either install the npm package from your distribution (apt, pacman...) or, to use `npm install -g` edit `.npmrc` add `prefix=/home/<me>/.node` in it, and add `~/.node/bin` to your path.
Ask HN: What makes Medium a better/worse media outlet?